Subin

INTRODUCTION
Finance plays a vital role in the survival of any industry. It is the life
blood of business. As far as the banking sector is concerned finance
management has an important role. To have a clear understanding of the
profitability and financial position of a business, the financial statements will
have to be analyzed and interpreted.
Financial analysis is the process of identifying the strength and

weakness of a company with help of accounting information provided by the
profit and loss account and balance sheet.
Financial analysis is usually carried out study the financial position of

the company from the point of view of share holders, debenture holders, and
financial institutions, statutory agencies and others.
The basic objective of financial statement is to assist the Management

is decision making. It requires critical analysis and careful interpretation of
published financial statements. The common tools used to facilities analysis
are Ratio analysis. Comprehensive statements, Common size statements and
trend analysis. Here the present study is undertaken to analyze the financial
performance of KANNUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD by
using various tools of analysis.
Kannur District Co-operative Bank
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUD Y
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
The primary objective of the study conducted at the KDC Bank Ltd. is given
below.
The detailed analysis of financial performance of Kannur District Co-

operative Bank Ltd.
.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the Financial position of the bank.
To measure the short-term and long-term solvency of the bank.
To analyse the over all working of the bank.
To analyse the various sources of funds of banks and its application in
various banking and non-banking activities.
Provide suggestion and recommendation for future improvement.
Sharaf arts and Science college 2 Kannur

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SCOPE OF STUDY
Since finance is the life blood of any business, it should be managed

giving special attention. The first aspect to be attended is the estimation of
how much funds a business organization requires and its purpose. Unless the
financial forecast can be prepared on sound basis, the business is likely to
run in to difficulties arising from insufficiency or excess of capital funds. In
second place, it needs to be seen how the amount estimated for meeting the
business requirements.
In the competitive world of business the function of fund management

plays an important role in ensuring fair return on investment. generating and
building up reserves and surpluses for growth and expansion etc. This study |
covers the financial performance analysis of the Kannur District Co-
operative Bank Ltd.
The main source of information required for the analysis is the annual
report of the Bank, The annual report comprises the Income and Expenditure
Statement, the Balance Sheet. Report to the Directors and Auditors report.
The period of analysis is for a period of five years (2007-08). The different
tools used for analysis of financial statements are Ratio Analysis, Trend
Analysis. Comparative Analysis and Common size statements.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research is the process of systematic in-depth study or a research of

any particular topic, subject and area of investigation, backed by the
collections, compilations., presentation and interpretation of relevant details
of data.
Methodology implies the science of the method of study. Methodology is the

concept of method used in carrying out the study. This research is a financial
research. It is assessed the over all financial position of the company by
taking to account the financial data for a period of five years (2005-09).
Each study differs in accordance with the objectives set.
NATURE OF RESEARCH
This research is a diagnostic study geared to solve the specific
problems relating to financial performance by the discovery of the relevant
variables that are associated with financial statement.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research is by and large a desktop analysis and it involves
scanning and absorbing tools and ideas from the standard texts, journals,
websites and other related materials to get a hold on the theories of financial
control.

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SOURCE OF DATA
The study is based on the data published in the annual reports and
other documents provided by the bank.
PRIMARY DATA
Primary data originally collected by researches through personal
interview with the financial officials in Kannur District Co-operation.
SECONDARY DATA
Secondary data collected from the financial statement of Kannur

District Co-operation for 5 years. (Balance sheet of profit and loss)
ANALYTICAL TOOLS
1) Ratio Analysis
2) Trend Analysis
3) Comparative Financial Statement
4) Common size statement

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Financial statements
Financial statements may be defined as the statements containing

summaries of detailed information about financial position and performance
of the enterprise. They refer to a package of statements such as balance
sheet, income statement, statement of retained earnings, fund flow statement
and cash flow statement. The basic purpose of preparing financial statements
is to convey the owners, creditors, and the investors about the financial
position of the enterprise.
The main objectives are

- To judge the financial position
- To estimate the earning capacity
- To determine the dept capacity
- To decide about the future prospects of business.
To have a very clear understanding of the profitability and financial

position of a business, the financial statements will have to be analyzed and
interpreted. Financial analysis is a process of identifying the strength and
weakness of the company with helps of accounting information providing by
the P/c a/c of B/s. It is the process of evaluation of relationship between
component parts of financial statements to obtain a better understanding of
firm’s position and performance. Financial analysis will give the
management considerable right in to the levels and area of strength or
weakness. The form interpretation means explaining the meaning and

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significance of the data so arranged. It is the study of relationship between

various components if the financial statements.
Users of Financial Analysis

Financial analysis is the process of identifying the financial strengths
and weakness of the firm by properly establishing relationship between the
items of the balance sheet and the profit and loss account. Financial analysis
can be undertaken by the management of the firm, or by parties outside the
firm, via, owners, creditors, investors and others. The nature of analysis will
differ depending of the purpose of the analyst.
1. Trade creditor
They are interested in firm's ability to meet their claims over a very short
period of time. Their analysis will, therefore, confine to the evaluation of the
firm's liquidity position.
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2. Suppliers of long-term debt
They are on the other hand, are concerned with the firm's long solvency and
survival. They analyses the firm's profitability over time, its ability to
generate cash to be able to pay interest and repay principal and the
relationship between various sources of funds. Long term creditors do
analyses the historical financial statements, built they place more emphasis
on the firm's projected or pro forma, financial statements, to make analysis
about its future solvency and profitability.
3. Investors
They are who have invested their money in the firm's shares, arc most
concerned about tufts firm's earnings. They restore more confidence in those
firm that show steady growth in earnings. As such, they concentrate on the
analysis of the firm's present and future profitability. They are also interested
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in the firm's financial structure to the extent it influences the firm's earnings
ability and risk.
4. Management
The management of the firm would be interested in every aspect of the
financial analysis. It is their over all responsibility to see that the resources
of the firm are used most effectively and efficiently. And that the firm's
financial condition is sound.
Standards of comparison
The ratio analysis involves comparison for useful interpretation of the
financial statements. A single ratio in itself does not indicate favorable or
unfavorable condition. It should be compare with the same standard.
Standards of comparison may consist of:
TYPES OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

The classification of financial analysis can he made either on the basis
of material used or according to the modus operand! of the analysis. On the
basis of material used financial analysis can be of two types:
1. External analysis
This type of analysis is done by those who are outsiders to the business. The
outsiders are investors, creditors, govt. etc. These persons mainly depend
upon the published financial statements.
2. Internal analysis
This analysis is done by those who have access to the books of accounts and
other information relating to the business concern. This type of analysis is
meant for managerial purposes. This is conducted by executives or
employees of the firm as well as government agencies which have statutory
control over such firms. On the basis of modus operand financial analysis
can be of two types.
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a. Horizontal Analysis
Analysis of changes in different components of the financial statements for
certain number of years is known as Horizontal Analysis, e.g., study of
profitability trends for a period of five or ten years. It is also known as
dynamic analysis because it shows the changes that have taken place.
h. Vertical Analysis
This refers to the analysis of the quantitative relationships of the various
items in the statements at a particular date, e.g., comparison of current assets
to current liabilities for one point of time or one accounting period. Vertical
analysis is also known as static analysis.
TOOLS OK FINANCIALANALYSIS
A number of techniques or devices are used to undertake financial analysis.
The fundamental objective of any analytical method is to simplify the data to
more understandable terms. The following are the important tools of
financial analysis.
1. Comparative Financial Statement
2. Trend Analysis
3. Common size statements
4. Ratio Analysis
5. Fund Flow Analysis
6. Cash Flow Analysis-Comparative Financial Statements
The Financial in the financial data over a period can be understood if
the statements of two or more years are placed side by side to
facilitate comparison. Such statements are called comparative Financial
statements. There are two types of financial statements namely, Comparative
balance sheet and Comparative income statement.

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a. Comparative Balance Sheet

A comparative Balance sheet shows the assets, liabilities and owner's equity
of business enterprises at the beginning and at the end of the accounting
period with increases and decreases in the absolute data in terms of rupees
and percentages. The single Balance sheet focuses on the financial status of
the firm as on a particular date, while the comparative Balance sheet focuses
on the changes that have taken place in one accounting period. The changes
in the Balance sheet items are the result of acquisition or sale of assets,
change in current assets and current liabilities, issue of shares, profit or loss
etc. A comparative Balance sheet has two columns for the data of original
balance sheets. A third column is used to show increase or decrease in
figures. A fourth column may be added for giving percentages of increase or
decrease. Comparative balance sheet indicates whether the business is
moving in a favorable or unfavorable direction. Thus the comparative
balance sheet is a type of connecting link between the income statement and
balance sheet. n. Comparative Income Statement and balance sheet.
a. Comparative Income Statement

The comparative income statement will show the operating results for
two or three periods and the amount as well as percentage increase or
decrease in them. It explains clearly the relationship between sales and cost
of goods sold and its effects on gross profit. It gives an idea of the progress
of a business over a period of time.
b.Trend Analysis
Comparing the past data over a period of time with a base year is
called trend analysis. Under this technique, information for a number of
years is (taken up and one year (usually the first year) is taken as the base
year. Each itme of the base year is taken as 100 and on that basis the
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percentage for other years are calculated^.,. The object of calculating the
trend percentage is to show the direction of the change upward or
downward. The trend percentages are generally computed for major items in
the statement.
c. Common Size Statement

The comparative financial statements and the trend analysis have a
common limitation in that they are not helpful in understanding the changes
that have taken place from year to year in relation to total assets,
total liabilities, total capital or total net sales. Under the above said tools of
analysis, there is no common base for comparison. This limitation is
eliminated by common-size analysis. Common-size financial statements are
those statements in which items are converted in to percentages taking some
common base. These statements are also called ""100 percent statements" or
'"Component
Percentage" because each statement is reduced to the total 100 each
individual item is expressed as a percentage of this total.
a. Common Size Balance Sheet

A statement in which each asset is shown as a percentage of total asset
and each liability and capital as a percentage of total liability and capital is
called a common-size Balance sheet. In other words, it shows the relation of
each component to the whole. A common-size balance sheet shows
relationship between each asset to total asset and each liability and capital to
total liability and capital. These are helpful to get a better understanding of
balance sheet and income statement.

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b. Common-Size Income Statement

A statement in which each expense items is shown as a percentage of
net sales is called a Common income Statement. The sales figure is assumed
to be 100% and all figures are shown as a percentage of net sales. As
Common-Size statements facilitates comparison between two companies
belonging to the same industry.
RATIO ANALYSIS
The ratio analysis is one of the most power full tools of financial
analysis. An analysis of financial statement on the basis of ratios is known as
ratio analysis. It is the systematic use o! Accounting ratios in order to weigh
and evaluate the operating performance of a firm. It involves the process of
computing, determining and presenting the relationship of items in the
Imuncial statement. It also embraces the comparison and interpretation of
these ratios and use of them for further projections. Ratio analysis is being
used as devise to diagnose the financial health of a business concern.
MEANING AND NATURE OF RATIO ANALYSIS

Ratio is simply one number expressed in terms of another number. It
refers to numerical relationship between two figures. It is obtained by
dividing one figure by the other. Accounting ratios are relationships
expressed in, mathematical terms between two related figures in the
financial statements, e.g. ratio between current assets and current liabilities.
A single figure by itself has no meaning but when expressed in terms of a
related figure, it yields valuable information.
Ratio can be expressed in three ways. It may be expressed as the
quotient of one number divided by another. Then it is said to be expressed in
'times'. If the quotient is multiplied by hundred, it is expressed as
'percentage". It may also be expressed in terms of 'proportion' between two
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figures. Thus limes, percentage and proportion arc the three ways of
expressing ratio.
Advantages or use of Ratio Analysis

 A study of the trend of strategic ratios may help the management in
the task of planning and forecasting.
 The ratios measure the efficiency of operation of enterprise. Hence
they can be used as a tool of management control.
 Ratios facilitate inter firm comparison.
 It is possible to test the liquidity, solvency and profitability of the
enterprise through the technique of ratio analysis.
 Sometimes investment decisions are guided by certain ratios.
 Ratio analysis simplifies the comprehension of financial statements.
 Ratio analysis communicates the financial strength or weakness of a
firm in a more and understandable manner.
Thus, ratio analysis gives valuable information not only to
management but also to creditors, investors and shareholders.
Limitations of Ratio Analysis

Ratios should be used with great care because they suffer from serious
limitations. It is better that one should keep in mind these limitations before
drawing conclusions. The important limitations are as follows:
• A particular ratio cannot be regarded as -an indicator of good or bad
performance of management. It only provides a clue to be further probed.
• It will not reveal all relevant limitation about the business operation.
They only provide n part of information needed in the process of decision-
making.

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a
Ratio is not conclusion themselves. They arc only means to draw
conclusions.
• Ratio relates to last data. A financial analyst is more concerned with
probable happenings in the future rather than the past.
• Ratio became helpful to the management only when they are compared to
ratio of previous periods or that of similar firms.
• Ratio do not reveal the non-monetary aspects of the organizational
environment; e.g., morale and loyalty of employees, quality of supervision,
human relations etc.
« Financial statement can easily be window dressed to present a better
picture of the firm's financial position and profitability, hence one has to be
very careful in making a decision on the basis of ratios calculated from such
financial statements.
« Price level changes make the ratio analysis difficult,
If too many ratios are calculated, it will be difficult to draw precise and
meaningful conclusions.
Ratio analysis only out the symptoms and cannot indicates the forces which
are responsible for these symptoms.

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INDUSTRY PROFILE
The financial sector is in a process of rapid transformation. Reforms

are continuing as part of the overall structural reforms aimed at improving
the productivity and efficiency of the economy. The role of an integrated
financial infrastructure is to stimulate and sustain economic growth.
The USS 20 billion Indian financial sector has grown at around 15
percent and has displayed stability for the last several years, even when other
markets in the Asian region were lacing a crisis. This stability was ensured
through the resilience that has been built into the system over time. The
financial sector has kept pace with the growing needs of corporate and other
borrowers. Banks, capital market participants and insurers have developed a
wide range of products and services to suit varied customer requirements.
The Reserve Bank of India (RB1) has successfully introduced a regime
where interest rates are more in line with market forces.
Financial institutions have combated the reduction in interest rates and
pressure on their margins by constantly innovating and targeting attractive
consumer segments. Banks and trade financiers have also played an
important role in promoting foreign trade of the country.
Banks
The Indian banking system has a large geographic and functional
coverage. Presently the total asset size of the Indian banking sector is US$
270 billion while the total deposits amount to US$ 220 billion with a branch
network exceeding 66.000 branches across the country. Revenues of the
banking sector have grown at 6 per cent CAGR over the past few years to

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reach a size of US$ 15 billion. While banks cater to short and medium term
financing.
Industrial Profile
Co-operative banks have a history of almost 100 years. The Co-
operative banks are an important constituent of the Indian financial system,
judging by the role assigned to them. The expectation they are supposed to
fulfill their member and the number of offices they operate. The co-
operative movement originated in the west, but the importance that such
banks have assumed in India is rarely paralleled anywhere else in the world.
Their role in rural Financing continues to be important even today and their
business in the urban areas also has increased and resulting in increase of
number of primary co-operative bank.
The co-operative institution is playing an important role in the

financial sphere in the district. The history of co-operative movement in
district can be traced in 1909.
Status of Co-operative Bank

The Registrar of co-operative societies who looks after the
administrative matters relating to 11690 co-operative societies heads the
Department of Co-operation. The affairs of the following categories of co-
operation are administrated by the Head of the Departments noted against
each of the power of Registrar of Co-operative Societies have been
delegated by government.
Joint Registrar of Co-operative Societies (Audit) is the District level

officer supervising and reviewing the works of Auditors. He also conduct
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test audit of co-operation and verifies duties and programs of Auditors.

Audit certificate in respect of primary co-operatives coming under Banking
Regulation act are approved and issued by Joint Registrar (Audit). Audit
certificate in respect of apex, Central Regional and State level Co-operative
Societies. The Joint Registrar (Audit) is assisted by a Assistant Registrar and
Auditors for office work.
PERFORMANCE OF CO-OPERATIVE SECTOR CREDIT SECTOR
Kerala can claim to have an elaborate and efficient rural credit system
administered through primary Co-operative Bank, Central Co-operative
Banks and Apex Co-operative Bank. The Co-operative credit structure in
Kerala comprises of 2 parts namely,
(1) Short and medium term credit structure

(2) Long term credit structure.
The short and medium credit requirements

History of Co-operative Movement
Co-operative movement originated first in England. Later on it has
been introduced in Germany. It is from these countries that the movement
spread to almost all other parts of the world. Therefore, the history of co-
operative movement is nothing but the history of movement in those
countries.
The co-operative movement was originated in England in 1844. The
infant organization-was formed by a group of flannel weavers. At this time
the weavers in England were badly exploited by the money lenders and
capitalists. They found that co-operation is the only way out of this situation.
As a result, some twenty eight flannel weavers joined together and opened a
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retail store in 'Rockdale' which came to be known as "Rockdale Co-

operative Society". The success of this society paved the way for the
establishment of modern co-operative movements. After 'Rockdale'
experiment in England two types of credit societies were organized in
Germany. E.W. Raiffeisen and Frank Schultze Delitzsch are the pioneers of
co-operative movement in Germany. Reiffeisen organized 'Rural Ranks' on
co-operative basis to protect the poor farmers from the merciless money
lenders. These banks arc purely meant for helping the farmers in rural areas.
They arc also known as "Agricultural Credit Societies". At this time Trunk
Schultxe Delitzseh organized 'Urban Ranks' in urban areas. They are meant
ibr helping the poor people in towns to start business. They provide cheap
loans repayable on easy installments to small business units. These banks are
also known as "Non Agricultural Credit Societies.
The idea of co-operation has spread all over the world within a short
period of time. The forerunners of co-operative movement in Italy were
Lougi Luzzatle organize Urban Co-operative Credit Societies known as
"Banca popuair means "People banks' they were organized in line with the
urban banks in Germany. They are formed to provide cheap credit for non-
agricultural purpose. Dr.Wollenburge formed 'Gassu Ruralit' in rural areas to
provide cheap credit to farmers. They arc also known as farmers in due
course, the popularity of co-operative movement spread all over Italy.
Thus the vine cooperation planted by the English Flannel Weavers in
the soil of Rockdale has an unusual growth.
Co-operative Movement in India

The co-operative credit movement was officially launched in India in 1904
after the famous prescription of Nicholson to "Find Ralffeisen". It resents a

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three-tier ground floor; the central co-operative banks the top floor as the
apex institutions.
Co-operative banks mobilize the savings of* the members and non-
members by inculcating the habit of thrift and self-held and lend the funds so
raised to those who can profit by them. These 'two broad functions coupled
with a few others make them look like commercial banks. Their line of
action is also roughly the same in that they aim at earning profit, but this
again makes the main point of distinction. To co-operative banks profit
motive is subordinate to service, while the reverse is true of commercial
banks. Strictly speaking, is the central, state and urban co-operative banks
which should be taken as co-operative hanks since their deposits are
withdrawal from by cheque. This explains the extension of the Banking
companies Act 1949 to certain co-operative societies in terms of the Banking
Laws Act, 1965 with effect from March 1, 1966, the date on which this came
in to force, these state co-operative societies in terms of the Banking Laws
Act, 1965 with effect from March 1, 1966, the date on which this Act came
in to 1965, these state cooperative bank, central co-operative banks and
primary non-agricultural credit societies which have a paid up capital and
reserves of not less than Ks. 1 lakh have been brought within the regulatory
frame work of the Reserve Bank. Accordingly, the name of the Banking
Companies Act charged in to Banking Regulation Act.
. The most disturbing aspect of the working of co-operative banks has
been their mounting over dues, Along with the increase in the quantum of
advances, there has been a corresponding rise in over dues showing that the
banking have it has not yet developed among the borrowers, On the
average over dues to outstanding advances are as 44 percent. Then, a large
number of PACS still remain non-viable even after their re-organization.
Their expenses exceed their incomes and overdue loans are mounting.
However, the program of intensive development of PACS for transforming
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them in to efficient multipurpose units. Under the monitoring of NABARD

is being implemented. It has also recorded considerable progress.
The result that the reliance on Reserve Bank funds has been
historically substantial in recent years, however, the Reserve Bank has been
stressing the need for co-operative banks to increase their self-reliance and
limit their resource facilities. Simultaneously, steps have been taken to
improve the ability of co-operatives to augment their own resource by
extending to them certain concession such as allowing them to offer slightly
higher rates of interest on deposits and the extension of insurance cover to
their deposits.
Co-operative Movement in Kerala

Various types of co-operative societies exist in almost all parts of the slate.
The Kerala Co-operative Societies Act 1969 governs these societies. It came
in to force on 5lh May 1969.The head of co-operative department in Kerala is
the "Registrar of Co-operative Societies". He is assisted by Joint and Deputy
Registrar at the District level and by Assistant Registrar at the Taluk level.
The co-operative sector is classified as Co-operative Banks. Co-operative
Credit societies, Co-operative Consumer Societies, Co-operative Pressing
societies, Co-operative producer's Societies, Co-operative lousing
Societies.
Co-operative Banks in Kerala include three types of banks. The state
cooperative banks stand at the top of the credit structure in Kerala. It is
otherwise called Apex co-operative society or provincial co-operative banks.
State Co- operative Bank means Ihe principal society in Kerala, which is
registered or deemed to be registered under the co-operative societies Act
1912, or any other law. The primary objective of the state co-operative bank
is to finance the other societies in Kerala.
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According to Kerala Co-operative Societies Act an Apex Society is a

society having the whole of the state as its area of operation and having its
members only other societies with similar objects and declared us such by
registrar.
The function of the apex bank in Keala is to act as a' balancing centre'
because its assist the central bank and to balance excess and deficiencies in
resources of central bank. In the absence of central bank the state co-
operative acts as a central bank. The Kerala stale co-operative bank with
head, quarters at Trivandrum is the apex bank in the state.
The central co-operative bank is the intermediary between the apex
bank and the primary societies. The central co-operative bank is a financing
bank for the primary co-operative societies in the district. The central co-
operative banks are also a federation of the primary credit societies within its
area of operation. In kerala the pattern adopted is one central co-operative
bank for every revenue district. Therefore it is also called District Co-
operative Bank. In Kerala we can see the pure type of central co-operative
bank because the membership of which is confined to co-operative
organizations only. The central co-operative bank draw their funds from
share capital, deposits, loan from the slate co-operative bank and where the
state bank does not exist, from the slate reserve bank and other commercial
banks. They also act as balancing centers.
The lowest level of the co-operative society is the primary society. It

is often engaged in close association with the farmers in the village. It can be
started with that more persons. The membership is open to-all-residents of
the locality. Hence people of different states are bought together in to the'
common organization. Bach member contributes to the share capital of the
society. The value of each share is nominal so as tp enable even the poorest
farmer to be a member. The liability of each member is unlimited. The
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affairs of the society are managed by honorary secretaries and president

assisted by board of directors. All these officials are elected from among the
members on the principle of "one man one vote'". The society derives its
fund from share capital, entrance ice, reserve fund, deposits, or loan from
members and non-members. The society lend for short periods on the
personal security of the borrower or that one or more members. It changes a
low rate of interest.
Features of Co-operative Societies
The following are some important features of co-operative societies which
distinguishes it from other forms of business organizations.
a. Voluntary Organization
Individuals having common interest can join a co-operative organization
without any restriction and they are free to leave the organization at any time
after giving due notice.
b. Separate Legal Entity
On registration co-operative society will be treated as a separate legal
personality just like a joint stock company.
are met by a three tier system consisting of State Co-operative Banks at

middle and 1628 primary Agricultural Credit Societies at the base level. In
addition to this 85 Urban Co-operative Banks and 1013 Employees Credit
Co-operatives are meeting the Non-Agricultural Credit requirements of their
members.
S/No Particulars/Societies Unit All India Average Kerala
1 Membership Numbers 1390 6560

2 Deposit In Lakhs Rs. 4.11 Rs. 119.47
3 Advance In Lakhs Rs. 11.00 Rs. 116.26
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4 Working Capital In Lakhs Rs. 23.31 Rs. 205.00
ROLE OF NABARD IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CO-OPERATIVE

MOVEMENT IN THE STATE
The refinance to State Co-operative Banks and District Co-operative

Banks for short term (short term agricultural operation) purpose at present is
made available by the NABARD subject to minimum involvement policy.
The credit limit for the purpose will be fixed with reference to the credit
limit statement under the loan system.
Financial assistance by which of loan with NABARD’s refinance is

also provided to District Co-operative Bank for various purposes such as
Minor irrigation land development plantation, Horticulture, Diary
Development, Animal husbandry, Farm mechanization etc and non-farm
sector outside IRDP.
Co-operative Credit Structure

The Co-operative credit structure is three tier structures with state co-
operative bank at the top, district co-operative bank at the middle and the
primary credit societies at the base. For the long term loans there is a two
tier system with central and mortgage bank at the top and primary land
mortgage banks at the grass root level.
1) Primary Credit Societies

At the village level there are primary credit societies having only
individuals as their members. Their primary function is creation of funds to
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land to the members. These societies from the base of the movement and
provide direct access to the people. So as the stability and strength and
strength of a building mainly depends on its foundation. The soundness of
three tier credit structure depends upon primaries. If they are weak we
cannot expect the sound working at the District Co-operative Banks or State
Co-operative Bank.
2) District Co-operative Bank

District Co-operative Bank is a federal society of all the primary
credit societies in a revenue district. Usually societies are the members of the
District Co-operative Banks and not the individuals. The aim of the District
Co-operative Bank is to give loans and other financial help to the affiliated
societies. It supervises the working of the affiliated societies. It supervises
the working of the affiliated member societies. It also functions as a
balancing centre of societies. The District Co-operative Bank also gives the
proper direction and guidance for all affiliated societies in the district.
3) State Co-operative Bank

District Co-operative Bank further organizes them into an apex bank which
has jurisdiction all over the state. The bank works as a Lawson between the
co-operative movement in the state and NABARD, which finances the co-
operative credit movement. It is the highest body in co-operative credit
structure. The main responsibility of the State Co-operative Bank is to
provide credit to the district co-operative institution in the state and to
supervise their working The State Co-operative Bank also function as a co-
ordination with the state government and the NBARD in the matter of credit
policy. The finance received from the NABARD is routed through the co-
operative bank to the borrowers. The State Co-operative Bank also adopts

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uniform procedures for the working of co-operative credit institution in the

state and also acts as a balancing centre of co-operative institution.
STRUCTURE OF CO-OPERATIVE BANK
CENTRAL CO-OPERATIVE BANK / DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE

BANK
A central co-operative bank was established under a co-operative

societies Act 1912 to provide refinance to primary credit societies. A central
co-operative bank is the financing bank of the primary co-operative societies
in the district. It is the middle layer in the co-operative credit structure of the
country. The central co-operative bank is also a federation of the primary
credit societies and other types of primary societies within its area of
operation (one revenue district). In Kerala there are 14 central co-operative
banks at present. One central co-operative bank for every revenue district is
the pattern adopted in this state. Therefore it is also called district co-
operative bank.
NEED FOR A CENTRAL CO-OPERATIVE BANK

Primary Co-operative Societies especially in the beginning of the
organization cannot function effectively without obtaining financial help
from an outside agency. They also require technical guidance and
administrative advice. As a measure of mutual help it is necessary that all
these primary societies may form a federation for assuring rational use of
their funds and providing a common meeting place for exchange of ideas

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and co-operative experiences. It was such a necessity which warranted the

formation of central co-operative banks in the country.
Objectives
• To provide loan to the affiliated co-operative societies.

• To act as a balancing centre for the primary societies.
• To arrange for the supervision the assimilated societies.
• To raise deposits from members and non-members.
• To open branches of the bank at important places with the
permission of the Registrar of co-operative societies.
Funds
There are two types of shares i.e. A class and B class shares. A class
shares are intended for the member societies and its share value is usually
Rs. 100/-. The ‘B’ class shares are reserved for the state government and its
share value is normally fixed at Rs. 1000/-. The funds of the Central Co-
operative Bank include share capital from member societies, government
deposits from members, non-members, reserve fund and other reserves and
loans from State Co-operative Bank, State Bank of India and State
Government.
Working

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The central co-operative bank advances two types of loan i.e. short
term loans and middle term loans to its member societies for agricultural
purpose. The district bank also advances ordinary loans which are to meet
the non-agricultural needs of the members. Ordinary loans are advanced out
of its own resources. The rate of interest of the ordinary loans will be higher
than the agricultural loan.
Agricultural loans are issued to a scale of finance which is usually

fixed in the field workers conference conveyed by the District Co-operative
Bank. Now it is being fixed by the Board of Directors of the bank as per
recommendation of the technical committee. Bank provide short term,
medium and long term loans, overdraft / cash credit, housing loan and govt.
loan (ICDP) to its customers.
Principle Function
5) Receiving Deposits
6) Lending Money
7) Investment of Funds
8) Creation of Money
9) Other Function.

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COMPANY PROFILE
KANNUR DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD
The Kannur District Co-operative Bank Ltd. No. C. 266 is registered

as a Co-operative Society under Madras Co-operative Societies act of 1932
and now functioning under Kerala State Co-operative Societies Act of 1969.
The area of operation is extent to whole of Kannur Revenue District.
Kannur District Co-operative Bank Ltd. the pioneer bank in the Co-
operative sector was registered on 22nd May 1963 and came into existence on
1st July 1963 and plays a vital role in the over all development of the district.
The bank has a network of 50 branches in district including 10

evening branches and one ladies branch. Of the 50 branches some of the
branches are fully computerized and the bank phases to computerize the
remaining branches as early as possible. The functioning of the bank spread
all over the district is extending advance to PACS as well as individuals for
varied purposes giving emphasis on priority sector advances. 50 branches
have 8-10 staffs. These include Branch Manager, Branch Inspector or Field
Supervisors, Cashiers, Accountants and peons. The number of staffs depends
on the size of operation of the branch.

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In addition to the banking activities, bank involved in many welfare

activities like aid for medical treatments, complimenting students in their
meritorious achievements, pension to the building and construction workers.
As recognition of its profound performance, District Co-operative

Bank received ‘Best Performance Award’ from NABARD consecutively for
three years. The bank also received trophies from Kerala State Co-operative
Bank for several years for the top most performance in mobilization of
deposits.
FUNCTIONS OF THE BANK
- Provision of short term loan to carry out seasonal agriculture

and for the purpose of sale of agricultural products.
- Provision for medium term loan for irrigation, poultry, farming,
animal husbandry etc.
- Acceptance of deposit.
- Provision of remittance of payment facilities.
- Acceptance of valuables for safe custody.
THE MAIN OPERATIONS OF THE BANK
- Cash recipients / Deposits

- Cash withdrawals
- Sanction and disbursement of loans
- Locker facilities
- Updating and issuing of new pass books and cheque books
- Issuing demand draft
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CORPORATE MISSION
- To meet the growing aspiration of the customers of the bank in

particular and others in general.
- To bring about total customer satisfaction by providing equally
service.
- To promote social economic development and employment as
rational and social objectives.
- To post a satisfactory return on equity investment through
sustained profitable growth.
- To meet the economic and career aspiration of employee of the
bank.
MANAGEMENT
The management of the bank is vested in the hands of elected Board

of Directors consisting 17 members. Sri. P. Hareendran is the President of
the Bank. The Board of Directors is the ultimate body of Management.
POWERS OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS
- To rise funds necessary for the purpose of carrying out the

function of the bank in the form of deposits and loan.
- To grand loan and advances to members on certain terms and
conditions.
- To scrutinize and put up the annual budget to the general body.
- To make arrangement for efficient supervision of the bank and
affiliated societies.
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- To maintain accounts and registers as specified by the Registrar

from time to time.
- To place Registrar’s notes of audit and inspection in the general
body meeting.
STAFF STRUCTURE
I. General Manager (Chief Executive)

II. Deputy General Manager
III. Banking and Administration
Loans, Recovery and NPA Management
Planning and Development, Housing Finance
IV Senior Officers
a. Executive Officers. (Zonal Manager)
b. Inspectors of Branches
c. Branch Manager
d. Senior Branch Manager
V Senior Accountants
a. Accountants
b. Clerk / Cashier
SECTIONS
The bank has seven sections through which the bank carrying out its
various operations. The various sections are as follows.
A Section – Account
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B Section – Personnel and Administration

C Section – Planning and Development
D Section – Loans and advances.
E Section – Recovery
F Section – Registration
G Section – Inspection and Supervision
Share Capital
At present share capital of the bank is Rs. 20 crores.
1) 12,00,000 ‘A’ class shares of Rs. 100/- each

2) 80,000 ‘B’ class shares of Rs. 1000/- each
Objectives
 To raise funds from the members and non-members.

 To open the branches at suitable places in the district with the
permission of the Registrar.
 To develop, assist and co-ordinate the work of affiliated societies
 To arrange for the holding of periodical co-operative conferences

and taking necessary action pertaining to its own function on the
resolution passed at such conferences.
 To maintain a library of co-operative literature.
 To guarantee loans and advance or credit granted to any member
societies of bank by government, State Bank of India or any other
agency, with such terms and conditions as may be fixed.

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 To provide housing loan, vehicle loan etc. to the employees subject

to the subsidiary rules formed by the Board of Directors and
approved by Registrar.
WOMEN DEVELOPMENT CELL (WDC)
A Scheme for supporting the setting up of Women Development Cells

(WDCs) in RRBs and Co-operative Banks was introduced in October 1995
by NABARD to create a gender friendly banking environment, to plan and
ensure increased credit flow is also to strive towards capacity building of
rural women. Until 31 March 2006 NABARD has supported 130 (86 RRBs,
36 DCCBs, 5 SCBs and 3SCARDBs) cells, with a grant support to the tune
of Rs. 272 lakhs. Based on the evaluation studies on the efficiency of WDCs
and it in the context of the renewed emphasis on strengthening credit
delivery to women and to provide credit plus services to them, it has decided
to revised the scheme to extent increased quantum of productivity linked
incentive to RRBs and Co-operative Bank. The scheme came into force on
1st April 2007.
Objective
The main objective of WDC is to facilitate the banks to plan and

ensure increased credit flow to women, on a sustainable basis.
Eligible Institutions
All RRBs and Co-operative banks including SCBs, DCBs and

SCARDBs.

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Eligibility for applying under the scheme
Banks which propose to set up a WDC and / or continue to maintain

the WDC (if set up earlier with NABARD assistance) and have a separate
identified key person to manage the cell, are eligible to apply for assistance
under the scheme. The banks need to fulfill the following for being
considered for assistance.
I. The bank has prepared a specific policy for providing financial services
to women. A copy of such policy approved by the Board may be
submitted along with the application to the concerned RD of NABARD.
II. The bank has put in place appropriate Management Information System
(MIS) for collecting, collating and maintaining gender disaggregated
data on its business.
III. The bank is required to submit an Action Plan giving the targets of
deposits from and credit to women both in terms of fresh disbursement

and learn outstanding along with total deposit / credit for the bank as a
whole and details of the strategies to be adopted for increasing the
credit flow to women to a level of 30% in 3 years.
Quantum of Assistance
a) Refinance.
100% refinance to cover the loans for investment credit given to women,
both for Farm and Non-farm sectors.
b) Grant
One time grant assistance not exceeding Rs. 30,000/- p.a., if the bank has
introduced a computerized MIS for collection and maintenance of gender
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disaggregated data, provided the bank has not earlier availed of the same
from NABARD.
Mobility allowance @ Rs. 20,000/- per district, covered by the bank with
a ceiling of Rs. 1,00,000/- p.a. for the bank as a whole. The allowance will
be provided for undertaking visit by the identified officer (s) of the WDC for
facilitating activities like awareness creation, credit ramps, counseling,
training etc. which will help in increasing the credit flow to women.
Cost towards awareness and publicity campaign for women relating to

banking, credit camps exclusively for women etc., up to a maximum of Rs.
10,000 per district with a ceiling of Rs. 50,000/- per annum. This also
includes the cost of publicity / literature which the bank may prepare
specifically to reach the women clientele.
Expenses up to a maximum of Rs. 10,000/- for celebrating International

Women’s Day (8th March) by organizing functions, honoring women
entrepreneurs / business women / women staff members etc.
In addition to the above, grant assistance will be provided, with prior /

sanction of concerned NABARD, RO for the following purposes under the
ongoing promotional schemes of NABARD
 Capacity building of the women entrepreneurs through REDPs /

SDIs.
 Capacity building needs like training and exposure of the bank’s
staff and key person.
Monitoring and Feedback to NABARD

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The performance of the WDC will be assessed with respect to its

average of women both quantitatively and qualitatively and achievements
against the action plan submitted by it. The grant assistance will be released
based on the assessment of performance on the basis of the return submitted
by bank.
Activity check - for Women Development Cells in RRBs and Co-

operative Banks
1) Facilitate gender responsive policies for enhancing the coverage of

women.
2) Identity / potential / areas for development of women either on
individual as group basis and assist the bank is the preparation of an
Action Plan for covering women. The ‘Action Plans’ should be in
consonance with bank’s over all plan.
3) Initiate innovative schemes / products, specific to women and help
increases the flow of credit to women.
4) Create awareness among rural women in various aspects of banking,
availment of loans etc.
5) Sort out issues relating to credit and other support services to women
and initiate the process of better gender awareness among bank’s staff
and clients.
6) Facilitate skill up gradation / capacity building of rural women
entrepreneur, offer counseling and credit for setting up of units.

7) Identifies agencies (NGOs, VAs etc.) and network with for
dispensation of credit to women through bankable schemes.
8) Promote women SHGs / JIGs / farmers clubs and their credit linkage.

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9) Conduct REDPs / SDIs (Skill Development Initiatives) for women

clients.
10) Act as a nodal point between the bank and the women clients as
agencies dealing with women.
11) Bring out relevant literature for the benefit of women clients
and also for discriminating success stories on women clients etc. for
benefits of staff of the bank so as to sensitize the staff and facilitate
increased coverage of women.
As a part of initiating innovative schemes or products to specific women,

Women Development Cell of Kannur District Co-operative Bank has
developed certain new scheme for women such as
1) Vanithanidhi
2) Mangalya Suthra
3) Mangalya Nidhi
4) Vidyajyothi
5) Kanaka Nidhi
6) Sangadeepthi
7) Mahilamithra

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Ratio Analysis
1) Current Rates – Current Asset__

Current Liabilities
Table:1
Year CA CL Ratio
2004 – 21308.6 9162.49 232
2005
2005 – 26659.1 10890.2 244
2006 9 8
2006 – 34101.0 9031.45 377
2007 1
2007 – 39177.0 10719.4 365
2008 4
2008 – 49152.3 10434.9 471
2009 5
Chart 1

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60000
Current Asset is greater than current liabilities ie it satisfies idle ratio is 2:1
50000
which indicates the current financial position of the company.
Profitability Ratio
2) Profit as % total ratio/profit margin
Net profit x 100
Total income
Table:2
Year Profit Total Income Ratio
2004-2005 338.06 6410.61 5.273
3
2005.2006 396.53 8039.32 4.93
40000
2006-2007 410.07 9365.77 4.38
2007 – 2008 103.63 10476.8 .99
2008– 2009 162.67 13067.68 1.24

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Chart:2
14000
12000
Total profit to total income ration is declining from 2003 – 04 to 2007 – 08.
But total income was increasing year by year.
3) Profit to interest rate

Profit x 100
Interest earned
Table:3
Year Profit Total Interest Ratio
10000 2004-2005
2005.2006
338.063 6249.79
396.53 5797.9
5.41
6.84
2006-2007 410.07 6175.61 6.65
2007– 2008 130.63 7092.55 1.84

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2008 – 2009 162.67 9122.38 1.78
Chart:3
10000
9000
Ratio of profit to interest earned is rate decreasing from 2003 – 04 to 2007
– 08
4) Solvency Ratio
Cash as a % of deposit
8000
= Total cash x 100
Deposit
Table:4
7000
6249.79
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Chart:4
Year Profit Total Ratio

2004-2005 16513.7 45143.04 36.58
2005.2006 20340.9 50954.4 39.92
2006-2007 30419.75 61673.15 49.32
2007– 2008 33904.99 75295.4 45.0
2008 – 2009 44912.4 94781.67 47.38

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100000
90000
Here it shows there is a increasing tendency of cash to deposit ratio.
Expenditure Ratio.
5) Interest paid to gross income ratio
80000
Interest paid x 100
Gross income
Table:5
70000

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60000
Year Interest paid Gross income Ratio

2005-06 6249.79 6410.61 97.44
2006-07 5797.9 8039.32 72.12
2007-08 6175.61 9365.76 65.99 Chart:5
2008-09 7092.55 10476.81 67.81
12000
10000
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Interest paid to gross income ratio is at high during the year 2005-06. and the
lowest rate was in the year 2007-08
6) Management cost to gross income = Management cost x100

GI
Table:6
Year Mgt cost Gross Income Ratio

2004-2005 1995.15 6410.61 31.12
2005.2006 4061.07 8039.32 50.5
2006-2007 5057.66 9365.77 54
2007 – 2008 5456.38 10476.81 52
2008– 2009 6339.64 13067.68 48.513
Chart:6
14000
12000
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Gross income in every year is greater than management cost which

indicates a satisfactory financial position.
7) Management cost to total expenditure ratio

= Management cost x100
Total Expenditure
Year Mgt cost Total expenditure Ratio

2004-05 1995.15 6072.55 32.8
2005-06 4061.07 7642.79 53.13 Table:7
2006-07 5057.66 8955.69 58.47
2007-2008 5456.36 10346.18 52.74
2008-09 6339.64 12905.01 49.13
Chart:7
14000
12000
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Management cost to total expenditure ratio increased during the years 2005-06 and
2006-07.And in the year 2007-08 to 2008-09 it has decreased.
8) Total Expenditure to Gross Income ratio
Total expended X100

Year Total expenditure Gross income Ratio
2004-05 6072.55 6410.61 94.72
2005-06 7642.79 8039.32 81.6
2006-07 8955.69 9365.77 95.62
2007-08 10346.18 10476.81 98.75
2008-09 12905.01 13067.68 98.76
Gross income
Table:8
Chart:8

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14000
12000
Total expenditure to gross income ratio is highest in the year 2008
&2009, with 96.75% and 98.76% Except in the year 2006, it shows an increasing
trend.
9) Income Ratio/ Earning Ratio

Interest on Investment to gross income ratio
Interest on Investment x 100
Gross income
Table:9
10000

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Year Interest on investment Gross Income Ratio

2004-2005 6249.78 6410.61 97.49
2005.2006 5797.9 8039.32 72.12
2006-2007 6175.61 9365.77 65.94
2007 – 2008 7092.55 10476.81 67.69
2008 – 2009 9122.38 13067.68 69.81
Chart:9
14000
12000
In the year 2005 interest on investment to year’s income in 97.49%.During
the year2006 and 07interest on investment to gross income ratios are 72.12 % and
65.94 % respectively.
10) Other income to gross income = Other income x100
Gross income
Table:10

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Year Other income Gross Income Ratio

2004-2005 160.82 6410.61 2.5
2005.2006 2241.42 8039.32 27.8
2006-2007 3190.16 9365.77 34.06
2007 – 2008 3384.6 10476.81 32.3
2008– 2009 3945.29 13067.68 30.19
Chart:10
14000
12000
During the years 2005 other income to gross income ratio was 2.5 and in
the next -4 sequent years it increased tremendously.
11) Gross income to owner Fund Ratio

Gross income x100
Owner Fund
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Table:11
Year Gross income Owner Fund Ratio
2004-05 6410.61 7673.62 83.5
2005-06 8039.32 10441.48 76.99
2006-07 9365.77 12247.97 76.46
2007-08 10476.81 12637.15 82.90
2008-09 13067.68 13592.01 96.14
Chart:11

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14000
Gross income to owner fund ratio during the year 2005 is 83.5% and the
highest is in the year 2009 by 96.18%
Asset Quality Ratio

12) Net profit to owned Fund ratio = Net Profit x100
Owned fund
Table:12
Year
12000 Net profits Owned Fund Ratio
2004-05 338.06 7673.62 4.41
2005-06 396.52 10441.48 3.79
2006-07 410.07 12247.97 3.35
2007-08 130.63 12637.15 1.03
2008-09 162.67 13592.01 1.19
10000
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Chart:12
16000
14000
Net profit to owned fund ratio decreased from 2005 to 2009. During the year 2005
Net profit to owned fund ration was 4.41% and during the year 2009it has reached
to 1.19%.
13) Net profit to working fund ratio
= Net Profit____x 100
Working Fund
Table:13
12000
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Year Net profits Working Fund Ratio

2004-05 338.06 65615.11 .51
2005-06 396.52 74921.18 .53
2006-07 410.07 79153.56 .52
2007-08 130.63 94848.65 .14
2008-09 162.67 118825.69 .14
Chart: 13
140000
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120000
In the year 2004 – 05 Net Profit to working Fund ratio was 51% and in 2006 ratio
increased to 53%. After it shows a dealing trend. In the year 2007 ratio was 52%
and in 2008and 09 it reaches its lowest ratio of 14%
14) Net Profit to NPA ratio = Net profit x 100

NPA
Table: 14
Year Net profits NPA Ratio

2004-05 338.06 7769.45 4.35
2005-06 396.52 8133.30 4.88
2006-07 410.07 6750.86 6.07
2007-08 130.63 8466.13 1.54
2008-09 162.67 8550.82 1.90
Chart:14

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9000
8000 7769.45
Net profit to NPA shows a declining tread. Highest ratio was in the year 2007with
and 6.07% the lowest ratio was in the year 2008and 09with 1.54% and 1.90%.
15) NPA to owned fund ratio

= NPA x 100
Table:15
7000 Owned fund
Year NPA Owned Fund Ratio

2004 – 2005 7769.45 7673.2 101.2
2005– 2006 8133.30 10441.48 77.89
2006 – 2007 6750.86 12247.97 55.12
2007– 2008 8466.13 12637.15 66.99
6000
2008 – 2009 8550.82 13592.01 62.91

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Chart:15
16000
14000
NPA to owned fund ratio. Show a declining trend it declare from 101.2 to
77.89 in the year 2005 – 06 and in 2006 – 07it decreases to 55.12 and in the year
2007.08 the ratio was 66.99% and 62.91% respectively.
16) NPA to total equity
= NPA
Share capital + Reserves
12000
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Year NPA Share capital + Re Ratio

2004 – 2005 7769.45 8149.7 95
2005 – 2006 8133.30 10626.6 76
2006– 2007 6750.86 11837.9 57
2007– 2008 8466.13 12637.15 66
2008– 2009 8550.82 13592.01 62
16000
14000
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NPA to total equity shows a declining tread. During the year 2004 – 05 it
was 95% and in the year 2008 – 09it reaches to 62%.
17) Credit Deposit Ratio (CDR)

= Total loans &advances x 100
Total Deposit
Table:17
Year Total loans & Total Deposit Ratio
advances
2004 – 2005 44683.54 45143.04 98
2005 – 2006 50130.40 50954.43 98
2006– 2007 56975.02 61673.15 .92
2007– 2008 69922.23 75295.42 .92
2008– 2009 84187.37 94781.66 .88
Chart:17

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100000
90000
In the year 2004 – 05& 2005 – 06 CDR is 98%. During the year 2006 – 07
& 2007 – 08CDR is declined to 92% and in the year 2008 – 09it reaches to 88%.
Increase in the total deposit has result in decrease in the current Deposit ratio.
80000
COMMON SIZE BALANCE SHEET as on 31st March 2004 – 2005
Particulars 2005 % 2006 %

Capital and Liabilities
Share capital 1125.07 1.66 1189.78 1.52
Reserve Fund & other resources 5360.95 7.89 6258.94 7.99
Deposit 45143.04 66.48 50954.4 65.10
70000
Borrowings 7116.22 10.48 8971.56 11.46
Other liabilities 9162.49 13.49 10890.28 13.91
67907.77 100 78264.96 99.98
Assets
Cash & balance with banks 16513.7 24.3 20340.9 25.99
Investment 1825.3 2.68 1362.72 1.74
Advance 44683.5 65.80 50130.39 64.05
Fixed asset 90.264 .132 112.69 .14

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60000
Other asset 4794.98 7.06 6318.29 8.07

TOTAL 67907.744 99.972 78264.99 99.99
Interpretation
Reserve fund Borrowings has increased in the year 2006. During the year
2005 cash and balance with bank was 16513.7 and during the year 2006 it has
increased.

Share capital 1189.78 1.52 1173.57 1.27
Reserve Fund & other 6258.94 7.99 6682.84 7.21
resources
Deposit 50954.4 65.1 61673.1 66.61
0 5
Borrowings 8971.56 11.4 14026.6 15.15
6 8
8 1
78264.9 99.9 92587.6 99.99
6 8 9
Assets
9 5

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Investment 1362.72 1.74 1373.19 1.48

Advance 50130.3 64.0 56975.0 61.53
9 5 2
Fixed asset 112.69 .14 138.48 .14
Other asset 6318.29 8.07 3681.26 3.98
TOTAL 78264.9 99.9 92587.7 99.98
9 9
Deposit contribution to Banks capital and liabilities is 65.10% in the year

2006 and during the year 2007 it has increased to 66.61%. Cash balance
contribution has increased from 25.99% to 32.85%

Share capital 1173.57 1.27 1176.09 1.063
resources
Deposit 61673.1 66.61 75295.4 68.06
5
Borrowings 14026.6 15.15 15913.65 14.38
8
92587.6 99.99 110620.0 99.983

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9 8
Assets
5
Investment 1373.19 1.48 1366 1.234
Advance 56975.0 61.53 69922.22 63.21
2
Fixed asset 138.48 .14 154.85 .14
Other asset 3681.26 3.198 5272.05 4.77
92587.7 99.19 110620.1 100.004
8 1
Advances of bank have increased from 61.53% to 63.21% during the year
2007-2008. But borrowing and Reserve fund has decreased from 2007 to 2008.

Share capital 1176.09 1.063 1171.17 .86
resources
Deposit 75295.4 68.06 94781.67 70.36
Borrowings 15913.65 14.38 20347.5 15.11

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110620.0 99.983 134704.7 100

8 4
Assets
Investment 1366.00 1.234 1204.44 .893
Advance 69922.22 63.21 84187.32 62.38
Fixed asset 154.85 .14 160.70 .12
Other asset 5272.05 4.77 4239.86 3.14
110620.1 100.00 134704.7 99.843
1 4 2
Deposit has increased from the year 2008 to 2009. Contribution of reserve
fund, borrowings and other liabilities to total capital & liabilities has decreased
during the year 2009.
COMMON SIZE INCOME STATEMENT For the Years 2005 – 06

Financial return 6249.78 100 5797.90 100
Less Financial Cost 4077.39 65.24 3581.72 61.78
Financial Margin 2172.39 34.75 2216.18 38.22

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Less Transactional cost 968.79 15.50 1009.05 17.40

Operating Margin 1203.60 19.26 1207.13 20.82
Add miscellaneous income 160.82 2.57 2241.42 38.66
1364.42 21.83 3448.55 59.48
Less other expense 1026.35 16.42 3052.02 52.64
Netprofit 338.06 5.41 396.53 6.64
Interpretation
In the year 2006 financial cost have been decreased from 4077.39 to
3581.72 but Transactional cost increases from 968.79 to 1009.05. net profit of
2005 is 338.06 and of 2006 is 396.53 which is increased from 2006 profit.

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3448.55 59.48 3850.23 62.35
Netprofit 396.53 6.84 410.05 6.64
Net profit earned during the year 2007 has increased. There is an increase
in the financial cost during the year 2007. Miscellaneous income had tremendous
increase in the year 2007 it has increased from 38.66% to 51.66% in the year
2007.



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3850.23 62.35 4080.02 57.52

Net profit 410.05 6.64 130.63 1.84
During the year 2008 Netprofit has decreased from 6.64 to 1.84.
Miscellaneous income has decreased during this period. It has decreased from
51.66% to 47.71%.

Less Transactional cost 1506 21.25 1668.72 18.29

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4080.02 57.52 4833.58 52.99
Netprofit 130.63 1.84 162.66 1.79
During the year 2009_ financial cost has in creased. FC has increased from
68.94 to 71.97. But transaction cost has decreased from 21.25% to 18.29%. And
there is 1.79% of increase in net profit.
COMPARATIVE BALANCE SHEET AS ON 2005-2006

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Particulars 2005 2006 Amount of % of

increase increase of
or decrease decrease
in 2005 or
decrease
in 2005

Share capital 1125.07 1189.78 -64.71 -5.75
resources
Deposit 45143.04 50954.4 5811.36 12.87
Borrowings 7116.22 8971.56 1855.34 26.07
67907.8 78265.01 10227.78 74.55
Assets
Investment 1825.3 1362.72 -462.58 -25.34
Advance 44688.5 50130.39 5446.89 12.19
Fixed asset 90.264 112.69 22.43 24.85
Other asset 4794.98 6318.29 1523.31 3.77
67907.8 78265.01 10227.25 68.81
There is an increase in deposit as compared to 2005. Investment of bank

showed a negative change in 2005. Except share capital all other item of capital &
liabilities has increased in the year 2006.
Particulars 2006 2007 Amount of % charges

increase in
or decrease
in 2006

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Share capital 1189.78 1173.57 -16.21 -1.36
resources
Deposit 50954.4 61673.15 10718.7 21.04
Borrowings 8971.56 14026.68 5055.12 56.35
Other liabilities 10890.28 9031.45 -1858.83 -17069
78265.96 92587.69 14322.32 65.731
Assets
Investment 1362.72 1373.19 10.47 .76
Advance 50130.39 56975.02 6844.63 13.65
Fixed asset 112.69 138.48 25.79 22.89
Other asset 6318.29 3681.26 -2637.03 -41.74
78265.01 92587.69 14322.32 45.11
Deposit in the year 2006, has increased by 21.04%. Other liability shows a
negative charge of -17.069%. Borrowing and Reserves has increased by 56.35%
and 6.77%

increase in
or decrease
in 2007

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Share capital 1173.57 1176.09 -2.52 -.215
resources
Deposit 61673.15 -15295.4 13622.25 2.21
Borrowings 14026.68 15913.65 1886.97 13.45
92587.69 110620.08 18029.87 46.595
Assets
Cash & balance with banks 30419.75 33904.9 3485.15 1146
Investment 1373.19 1366.00 -7 -.51
Advance 56975.02 69922.22 12947.2 22.72
Fixed asset 138.48 154.85 16.37 11.82
Other asset 3681.26 5272.05 1590..79 43.21
92587.7 110620.06 18030.5 80.70
As compared to 2006, deposit increased by 2.21% and reserves, borrowings

and other liabilities are increased by 12.46%, 13.45%,n 18.69% respectively.
Contribution of cash during the year 2006 was 30419.75 and during the year 2007
it has increased by 11.46%. Fixing asset and other asset also increased by 11.82%
& 43.21% respectively.

increase in
or decrease
in 2007

Share capital 1176.09 1171.17 4.92 .42

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resources
Deposit 75295.4 94781.67 19486.27 25.88
Borrowings 15913.65 20347.5 4433.85 27.86
Other liabilities 10719.4 10434.95 -284.45 -2.65
110620.08 134704.74 24094.5 57.55
Assets
Investment 1366.00 1204.44 -161.56 -11.83
Advance 69922.22 84187.32 14265.1 20.40
Fixed asset 154.85 160.70 5.85 3.78
Other asset 5272.05 4239.86 -1032.19 -19.58
110620.11 134704.72 24094.6 25.24
Cash and balance with bank has increased to 32.47% and there is a
decrease of -11.83% and -19.58% in investment and other asset reserve fund,
Deposit and Borrowing have an increase of 6.04%, 25.88% and 27.86%
respectively.
COMPARATIVE INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR 2005 –

2006

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Particulars 2005 2006 Amt of % change

increase or
decrease in
2006
Financial return 6249.7 5797.90 -451.88 -7.23
8
Less Financial Cost 4077.3 3581.72 -495.67 -12.16
9
9
Operating Margin 1203.6 1207.13 3.53 .29
0
Add miscellaneous 160.82 2241.42 2080.6 1293
income
1364.4 2241.42 2084.13 152.79
2
5
Netprofit 338.06 396.53 -58.47 17.29
Financial return has decreased from the year 2005 to 2006. Financial cost
also has decreased during the yea. Miscellaneous income had a tremendous
increase in the year 2006.

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increase or
decrease in
2006
Financial return 5797.90 6175.6 377.7 6.5
Operating Margin 1203.60 660.08 -543.52 -45.16
Add miscellaneous 2241.42 3190.15 948.73 42.33
income
3448.55 3850.23 401.68 11.65
Netprofit 396.53 410.05 13.52 106.57
Financial return has increased by 6.5% during the year 2007. Financial cost
and transaction cost has increased by 8.83% and 66.96%. There is an increase in
the Net profit.

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increase or
decrease in
2007
Financial Margin 2277.57 2202.76 -74.81 3.28
Less Transactional cost 1617.48 1506.99 -110.49 6.83
income
3850.23 4080.02 229.79 5.97
Netprofit 410.05 130.63 -279.42 68.14
In the year 2006 there is 14.85% increase in financial return. And miscellaneous
income increased at 6.08%. During the year 2006 Financial cost and other
expenses has increased b 25.44% and 14.80% so that Net Profit has decreased by
68.14%.

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Amt of
increase or
Particulars 2008 2009 % change
decrease in
2008
income
4080.02 4833.58 753.56 18.47
Netprofit 130.63 162.66 32.03 24.52
As compared to 2008 financial return in 2009 has increased by 28.62%.

Financial cost as well as transaction cost has increased by 34.27 and 10.73 as
compared to 2008.

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Findings
1. Bank has a social financial position.

2. Bank enjoyed high profitability during the period 2006– 2007.
3. It was fund that the bank have high rate of NPA.
4. Co-operative Bank provides high interest rate compared to other
banks.
5. Deposit rate of the bank was increasing year by year. It shows
credibility of its customers towards the bank.
6. Assets such as cash and balance with other bank also show an
increasing trend.
7. Bank has a good liquidity position.
8. Increase in the deposit and loans and advances teach to a high rate of
increase in the market share.

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Suggestion
 Bank has to take necessary steps to improve the effective utilization of
available resources.
 Bank should take appropriate action to reduce its NPA to the minimum
possible limit.
 Bank has to improve the earning asset or value of asset.
 Bank has to invest its fund in more productive way.
 In order to overcome the declining trend of financial margin bank should
take necessary action.
 Bank can introduce ATM facility to its customer.

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LIMITATIONS
 The study is limited only on the head office of the bank. No branches of
the bank are taken in the consideration.
 The duration given for the project was not sufficient to do an elaborate
study.
 The researcher’s inadequacy of experience also might have influenced the
study to an extent.
 The data used for analysis and interpretation is secondary data of last five
years.
 As the data, ratio, averages all are based on year ending figure it shall not
reflect the real position due to abnormal increase in deposits, loans and
advances, cash and bank balance etc.

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CONCLUSION
Analysis of financial statement is an attempt to measure the enterprise’s

liquidity, profitability, solvency and other indicators to assess its efficiency and
performance. It is of immense importance to financial controllers and managers. In this
study an attempt was made to know the working of District co-operative Bank Ltd.,
Kannur. In this project work the researcher has made an attempt to analyze the published
annual accounts of The Bank Ltd. with the help of Common size and comparative
Balance sheet and Profit & Loss A/c, Ratio analysis, and Trend analysis.
It has been concluded that the performance of the bank is satisfactory.

From the analysis of financial statement it is found that the Bank is successful in making
a significant increase in Net Profit. From the study it is concluded that the interpretations,
suggestions and findings would support the company to do things in better and efficient
way.

University
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Research Methodology by C.R. Kithara

Bank Management by Timothy W. Koch and S. Scott Macdonald
Financial Management by I. M. Pandey
Management Accounting by Maheswari S.N
Management Accounting by A. Vinod
Web Sites
http://osufacts.okstate.edu
http://www.rbi.com
http://www.netmba.com/finance/financial/ratios/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_statements

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University
Findings
1Current asset to current liability shows a satisfactory level which states that the
company has a satisfactory financial level.
2) Profit to total income shows a decreasing trend even though total income is
increasing expenditure also increases.
3) Interest paid to gross income ratios show a decreasing trend. It is found that
interest paid as were gross income increased.
4) Management cost have come down from 2006 – 07. It has a low raio in the
year 2004 – 05 and next 2 year management cost was high and then it started
declining.
5) Mgt cost to total expenditure ratio not changes in every year. In the fest year it
was low ratio and the next 2 year it increases and then it starts declining.
6) Interest on investment constitute a major income to the bank be During the
year 2003 – 04 interest ratio was 97.49% and in the year 2007 – 08 it is 69.8%
7) Other income has increased in every year which helps in improving the income
earned.
8) Gross income to owned fund ratio is 96.14% is the year 2008 – 09. It shows an
increasing trend from 2004 – 05 to 2008 – 09.
9) Net profit to owned fund was decreasing. During the year 2004 – 05it was
4.41% and low it reaches to 1.03.
10) Net Profit to working fund ratio was declining compared to 2005. It had a
small increase in the year 2006.

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11) In the common size balance sheet during the year 2005 – 06 borrowings has
increased from 10.48% to 11.46%. Cash and balance with banks has in
increased from 24.3% to 25.99%.
12) During the year 2007cash and balance with bank increased to 32.85%
13) In the year 2008 Deposit has increased to 68.06% from 66.61. Which shows
the financial sounders of the bank?
14) Financial return of the bank is increasing year by year. It shows that the bank
receive a high rate of interest from loans and advances.
15) Transaction cost increased during the year 2005 – 06 and has decrease during
the 2007– 08.
16) Interest on deposit and borrowings increased year by year.
17) Reserves and surplus, Deposit and borrowings were increasing every year.
Cash advances, fixed assets also increases tremendously.

University
LIMITATIONS
 The study is limited only on the head office of the bank. No branches of
the bank are taken in the consideration.
study.
 The researcher’s inadequacy of experience also might have influenced the
study to an extent.
 The data used for analysis and interpretation is secondary data of last five
years.
 As the data, ratio, averages all are based on year ending figure it shall not
reflect the real position due to abnormal increase in deposits, loans and
advances, cash and bank balance etc.

University
Annexure
Balance sheet For the year 2003 – 2004 in lakhs
Capital and liabilities 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Share capital 1125.07 1189.78 1173.57 1176.09 1171.17
Reserve Fund & other resources 5360.95 6258.94 6682.84 7515.54 7969.45
Deposit 45143.04 50954.4 61673.15 75295.4 94781.67
Borrowings 7116.22 8971.56 14026.68 15913.65 20347.5
Other Liabilities 9162.49 10890.28 9031.45 10719.4 10434.95
67907.8 78265.96 92587.69 110620.08 134704.7
Asset
Cash 5598.9 6028.21 5272.25 4108.69 5492.58
Balance with bank 10914.8 14312.71 25147.5 29796.3 39419.8
Investment 1825.3 1362.72 1373.19 1366.00 1204.44
Advance 44683.5 50130.39 56975.02 69922.22 84187.32
Premises 20.434 19.67 18.72 17.77 16.82
Furniture & Fittings 69.83 93.01 119.75 137.08 143.88
Other assets 4794.9 6318.29 3681.26 5272.05 4239.86
67907.8 78265.96 92587.69 110620.08 134704.7

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Suggestion

 Bank should take appropriate action to reduce its NPA to the minimum
possible limit.
 Inorder to overcome the declining trend of financial margin bank should
take necessary action.

University
Findings
1. Bank has a social financial position.

2. Bank enjoyed high profitability during the period 2006– 2007.
4. Co-operative Bank provides high interest rate compared to other
banks.
6. Assets such as cash and balance with other bank also show an
increasing trend.
7. Bank has a good liquidity position.
8. Increase in the deposit and loans and advances teach to a high rate of
increase in the market share.
Ratio Analysis
1) Current Rates – Current Asset x 100

Current Liabilities
Year CA CL Ratio
2003 – 21308.6 9162.49 232
2004
2004 – 26659.1 10890.2 244
2005 9 8
2005 – 34101.0 9031.45 377
2006 1
2006 – 39177.0 10719.4 365
2007 4
2007 – 49152.3 10434.9 471
2008 5

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Current Asset is greater than current liabilities ie it satisfies idle ratio

is 2:1 which indicates the current financial position of the company.
Profitability Ratio
3) Profit as % total ratio/profit margin
Net profit x 100
Total income

2004-2005 338.063 6410.61 5.273
2005.2006 396.53 8039.32 4.93
2006-2007 410.07 9365.77 4.38
2007 – 2008 103.63 10476.8 .99
2008 – 2009 162.67 13067.68 1.24
Total profit to total income ration is declining from 2004 – 05 to

2008– 09. But total income was increasing year by year.
3) Profit to interest rate

Profit x 100
Interest earned

2004-2005 338.063 6249.79 5.41
2005.2006 396.53 5797.9 6.84
2006-2007 410.07 6175.61 6.65
2007 – 2008 130.63 7092.55 1.84
2007 – 2008 162.67 9122.38 1.78
Ratio of profit to interest earned is rate decreasing from 2003 – 04 to

2007 – 08
4) Solvency Ratio
Cash as a % of deposit
= Total cash x 100

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Deposit
2003-2004 16513.7 45143.0 36.58
4
2008.2005 20340.9 50954.4 39.92
2005-2006 30419.7 61673.1 49.32
Year Interest
5 paid 5Gross income Ratio
2006
2003-04 –6249.79
33904.9 75295.4
6410.61 45.0 97.44
2007 9
2004-05 5797.9 8039.32 72.12
2007
2005-06 –6175.61
44912.4 94781.6
9365.76 47.3865.99
2008
2006-07 7092.55 710476.81 67.81
Here it
shows there is a increasing tendency of cash to deposit ratio.
Expenditure Ratio.
10) Interest paid to gross income ratio
Interest paid x 100
Gross income
Interest paid to gross income ratio is at high during the year 2003-
04. and the lowest rate was in the year 2005-06
11) Management cost to gross income = Mgt cost

GI
Year Mgt Gross Ratio

cost Income
2003-2004 1995.15 6410.61 31.12
2008.2005 4061.07 8039.32 50.5
2005-2006 5057.66 9365.77 54
2006 – 5456.38 10476.81 52
2007
2007 – 6339.64 13067.68 48.513
2008
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Gross income in every year is greater than management cost which

indicates a satisfactory financial position.
12) Management cost to total expenditure ratio
Management cost to total expenditure ratio increased during the

years 2004-05 and 2005-06.And in the year 2006-07 to 2007-08 it has
decreased.
Year Total expenditure Gross income Ratio
2003-04 6072.55 6410.61 94.72
2004-05 7642.79 8039.32 81.6
2005-06 8955.69 9365.77 95.62
2006-07 10346.18 10476.81 9875
2007-08 12905.01 13067.68 98.76
13) Total Expenditure to Gross Income ratio
14)
Total expended X100
Gross income
Total expenditure to gross income ratio is highest in the year

007 &2008, with 96.75% and 98.76% except in the year 2005, it shows an
increasing Year Mgt Total expenditure Ratio
trend. cost
15) Income 2003-04 1995.15 6072.55 32.8
Ratio/ 2004-05 4061.07 7642.79 53.13
Earning 2005-06 5057.66 8955.69 58.47
Ratio
2006-2007 5456.36 10346.18 52.74
Interest on
2007-08 6339.64 12905.01 49.13
Investment
to gross income ratio
Interest on Investment x 100
Gross income

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Year Interest on investment Gross Income Ratio

2003-2004 6249.78 6410.61 97.49
2008.2005 5797.9 8039.32 72.12
2005-2006 6175.61 9365.77 65.94
2006 – 2007 7092.55 10476.81 67.69
2007 – 2008 9122.38 13067.68 69.81
In the year 2004 interest on investment to year’s income in

97.49%.During the year2005 and 06 interest on investment to gross income
ratios are 72.12 % and 65.94 % respectively.
10) Other income to gross income = Other income x100

Gross income
Year Other income Gross Income Ratio
2003-2004 160.82 6410.61 2.5
2008.2005 2241.42 8039.32 27.8
2005-2006 3190.16 9365.77 34.06
2006 – 2007 3384.6 10476.81 32.3
2007 – 2008 3945.29 13067.68 30.19

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During the years 2004 other income to gross income ratio was 2.5 and
in the next -4 sequent years it increased tremendously.
11) Gross income to owner Fund Ratio
Gross income x100
Owner Fund
Year Gross income Owner Fund Ratio

2004 6410.61 7673.62 83.5
2005 8039.32 10441.48 76.99
2006 9365.77 12247.97 76.46
2007 10476.81 12637.15 82.90
2008 13067.68 13592.01 96.14

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Gross income to owner fund ratio during the year 2008 is 83.5% and
the highest is in the year 2008 by 96.18%
Asset Quality Ratio

12) Net profit to owned Fund ratio = Net Profit x100
Owned fund
Year Net profits Owner Fund Ratio
2004 338.06 7673.62 4.41
2005 396.52 10441.48 3.79
2006 410.07 12247.97 3.35
2007 130.63 12637.15 1.03
2008 162.67 13592.01 1.19
Net profit to owned fund ratio decreased from 2004 to 2008. During
the year 2004 Net profit to owned fund ration was 4.41% and during the year
2008 it has reached to 1.19%.
13) Net profit to working fund ratio
= Net Profit____x 100
Working Fund
2004 338.06 65615.11 .51
2005 396.52 74921.18 .53
2006 410.07 79153.56 .52
2007 130.63 94848.65 .14
2008 162.67 118825.69 .14
In the year 2003 – 04 Net Profit to working Fund ratio was 51% and
in 2005 ratio increased to 53%. After it shows a dealing trend. In the year
2006 ratio was 52% and in 2007 and 08 it reaches its lowest ratio of 14%
14) Net Profit to NPA ratio = Net profit x 100
NPA

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2004 338.06 7769.45 4.35
2005 396.52 8133.30 4.88
2006 410.07 6750.86 6.07
2007 130.63 8466.13 1.54
2008 162.67 8550.82 1.90
Net profit to NPA shows a declining tread. Highest ratio was in the
year 2006 with and 6.07% the lowest ratio was in the year 2007 and 08 with
1.54% and 1.90%.
15) NPA to owned fund ratio
= NPA x 100
Owned fund
2003 – 2004 7769.45 7673.2 101.2
2004 – 2005 8133.30 10441.48 77.89
2005 – 2006 6750.86 12247.97 55.12
2006 – 2007 8466.13 12637.15 66.99
2007 – 2008 8550.82 13592.01 62.91
NPA to owned fund ratio. Show a declining trend it declare from

101.2 to 77.89 in the year 2005 – 06 and in 2005 – 06 it decreases to 55.12
and in the year 2006.07 the ratio was 66.99% and 62.91% respectively.

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16) NPA to total equity
= NPA
Share capital + Re

2003 – 2004 7769.45 8149.7 95
2004 – 2005 8133.30 10626.6 76
2005 – 2006 6750.86 11837.9 57
2006 – 2007 8466.13 12637.15 66
2007 – 2008 8550.82 13592.01 62
NPA to total equity shows a declining tread. During the year 2003 –
04 it was 95% and in the year 2007 – 08 it reaches to 62%.
17) Credit Deposit Ratio (CDR)
= Total loan of advanced x 100
Total Deposit

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2003 – 2004 44683.54 45143.04 98
2004 – 2005 50130.40 50954.43 98
2005 – 2006 56975.02 61673.15 .92
2006 – 2007 69922.23 75295.42 .92
2007 – 2008 84187.37 94781.66 .88
In the year 2003 – 04 & 2004 – 05 CDR is 98%. During the year
2005 – 06 & 2006 – 07 CDR is declined to 92% and in the year 2007 – 08 it
reaches to 88%. Increase in the total deposit has result in decrease in the
current Deposit ratio.
Findings

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18) Current asset to current liability shows a satisfactory level which

states that the company has a satisfactory financial level.
19) Profit to total income shows a decreasing trend even though total
income is increasing expenditure also increases.
20) Interest paid to gross income ratios show a decreasing trend. It is
found that interest paid as were gross income increased.
21) Management cost has come down from 2005 – 06. It has a low raio in
the year 2003 – 04 and next 2 year management cost was high and then it
started declining.
22) Mgt cost to total expenditure ratio not changes in every year. In the
fest year it was low ratio and the next 2 year it increases and then it starts
declining.
23) Interest on investment constitute a major income to the bank be
During the year 2003 – 04 interest ratio was 97.49% and in the year 2007
– 08 it is 69.8%
24) Other income has increased in every year which helps in improving
the income earned.
25) Gross income to owned fund ratio is 96.14% is the year 2007 – 08. It
shows an increasing trend from 2003 – 04 to 2007 – 08.
26) Net profit to owned fund was decreasing. During the year 2003 – 04
it was 4.41% and low it reaches to 1.03.
27) Net Profit to working fund ratio was declining compared to 2004. It
had a small increase in the year 2005. But in the next thjj
28) In the common size balance sheet during the year 2004 – 05
borrowings has increased from 10.48% to 11.46%. Cash and balance
with banks has in increased from 24.3% to 25.99%.
29) During the year 2006 cash and balance with bank increased to
32.85%

University
30) In the year 2007 Deposit has increased to 68.06% from 66.61. Which
shows the financial sounders of the bank?

31) Financial return of the bank is increasing year by year. It shows that
the bank receive a high rate of interest from loans and advances.
32) Transaction cost increased during the year 2004 – 05 and has
decrease during the 2006 – 07.
33) Interest on deposit and borrowings increased year by year.
34) Reserves and surplus, Deposit and borrowings were increasing every
year. Cash advances, fixed assets also increases tremendously.

University
LIMITATIONS
 The study is limited only on the head office of the bank. No branches
of the bank is taken in the consideration.
study.
 The researcher’s inadequacy of experience also might have influenced
the study to an extent.
 The data used for analysis and interpretation is secondary data of last
five years.
 As the data, ratio, averages all are based on year ending figure it shall
not reflect the real position due to abnormal increase in deposits, loans
and advances, cash and bank balance etc.

University
Annexure
Balance sheet For the year 2003 – 2004 in lakhs
Capital and liabilities 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Share capital 1125.07 1189.78 1173.57 1176.09 1171.17

University
Reserve Fund & other 5360.95 6258.94 6682.84 7515.54 7969.45

resources
Deposit 45143.0 50954.4 61673.1 75295.4 94781.67
4 5
Borrowings 7116.22 8971.56 14026.6 15913.65 20347.5
8
Other Liabilities 9162.49 10890.2 9031.45 10719.4 10434.95
8
67907.8 78265.9 92587.6 110620.0 134704.7
6 9 8
Asset
Cash 5598.9 6028.21 5272.25 4108.69 5492.58
Balance with bank 10914.8 14312.7 25147.5 29796.3 39419.8
1
Investment 1825.3 1362.72 1373.19 1366.00 1204.44
Advance 44683.5 50130.3 56975.0 69922.22 84187.32
9 2
Premises 20.434 19.67 18.72 17.77 16.82
Furniture & Fittings 69.83 93.01 119.75 137.08 143.88
Other assets 4794.9 6318.29 3681.26 5272.05 4239.86
67907.8 78265.9 92587.6 110620.0 134704.7
6 9 8

University
Suggestion

 Bank should take appropriate action to reduce its NPA to the
minimum possible limit.
 Inorder to overcome the declining trend of financial margin bank
should take necessary action.

University
Findings
1. Bank have a social financial position.
2. Bank enjoyed high profitability during the period 2005 – 2006.
4. co-operative Bank provides high interest rate compared to other
banks.
6. Assets such as cash and balance with other bank also shows an
increasing trend.
7. Bank have a good liquidity position.
8. increase in the deposit and loans and advances teach to a high
rate of increase in the market share.

University

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INTRODUCTION

Financial analysis is the process of identifying the strength and

Financial analysis is usually carried out study the financial position of

The basic objective of financial statement is to assist the Management

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUD Y

The detailed analysis of financial performance of Kannur District Co-

Sharaf arts and Science college 2 Kannur

Since finance is the life blood of any business, it should be managed

In the competitive world of business the function of fund management

Sharaf arts and Science college 3 Kannur

Research is the process of systematic in-depth study or a research of

Methodology implies the science of the method of study. Methodology is the

Sharaf arts and Science college 4 Kannur

Secondary data collected from the financial statement of Kannur

Sharaf arts and Science college 5 Kannur

Financial statements may be defined as the statements containing

The main objectives are

To have a very clear understanding of the profitability and financial

Sharaf arts and Science college 6 Kannur

significance of the data so arranged. It is the study of relationship between

Users of Financial Analysis

TYPES OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

Sharaf arts and Science college 9 Kannur

a. Comparative Balance Sheet

a. Comparative Income Statement

c. Common Size Statement

a. Common Size Balance Sheet

Sharaf arts and Science college 11 Kannur

b. Common-Size Income Statement

MEANING AND NATURE OF RATIO ANALYSIS

Advantages or use of Ratio Analysis

Limitations of Ratio Analysis

Sharaf arts and Science college 13 Kannur

Sharaf arts and Science college 14 Kannur

The financial sector is in a process of rapid transformation. Reforms

Sharaf arts and Science college 15 Kannur

The co-operative institution is playing an important role in the

Status of Co-operative Bank

Joint Registrar of Co-operative Societies (Audit) is the District level

test audit of co-operation and verifies duties and programs of Auditors.

PERFORMANCE OF CO-OPERATIVE SECTOR CREDIT SECTOR

(1) Short and medium term credit structure

The short and medium credit requirements

retail store in 'Rockdale' which came to be known as "Rockdale Co-

Co-operative Movement in India

Sharaf arts and Science college 18 Kannur

them in to efficient multipurpose units. Under the monitoring of NABARD

Co-operative Movement in Kerala

According to Kerala Co-operative Societies Act an Apex Society is a

The lowest level of the co-operative society is the primary society. It

affairs of the society are managed by honorary secretaries and president

are met by a three tier system consisting of State Co-operative Banks at

S/No Particulars/Societies Unit All India Average Kerala

1 Membership Numbers 1390 6560

4 Working Capital In Lakhs Rs. 23.31 Rs. 205.00

ROLE OF NABARD IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CO-OPERATIVE

The refinance to State Co-operative Banks and District Co-operative

Financial assistance by which of loan with NABARD’s refinance is

Co-operative Credit Structure

1) Primary Credit Societies

2) District Co-operative Bank

3) State Co-operative Bank