Business Value of Stick-Slip

Mitigation: Rejuvenation of Soft

Torque Technology

Mark Dykstra
Rob Grauwmans

Shell Projects & Technology

Drilling Efficiency Optimization

Copyright of Shell Exploration & Production IADC Stick-Slip Mitigation Workshop July 2010 1
Overview

 Effects of Stick-Slip on Drilling Cost

 Mitigation of Stick-Slip using Soft Torque Rotary Systems
 STRS description
 Historic issues and recent improvements
 Business Value: Case studies
 Summary

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Recap: The Science of Stick-Slip Conclusions
RPM
600
 Torsional drillstring behavior includes 400
200
torsional oscillations and stick-slip Very High
0 Bit RPM
(periodic bit stalls)
 Stick-slip is detrimental to drill bits kN.m
30
and can be damaging to MWD tools Severe
20 Torque
Cycles
 Stick-slip is relatively well understood, 10
0
can be modeled, and can be recognized
Reverse
downhole and on surface kN Rotation

150
 Stick-slip can be mitigated manually,
100
automatically, and via downhole subs
50 Low
 Removing torsional oscillations WOB
200 250
increases the likelihood of MWD failure
due to lateral vibrations Stick-slip Stick-slip
present NOT present
July 2010 3
Copyright of Shell Exploration & Production IADC Stick-Slip Mitigation Workshop
Economic Implications
Fewer bit runs Lower spread rate Faster bit runs Fewer trips

Cost Bit Cost  Rig Rate ( Drilling Time  Trip Time)


Foot Footage
Longer bit runs

Abrasive Wear
 High RPM accelerates wear
 f v, F , Twf 
dH c
dt
Wear rate RPM WOB Temperature Impact Damage

 Reverse rotation and high RPM

cause chipping and breakage

 Blunt cutters drill poorly!

Glowka, D.: “Implications of Thermal Wear Phenomena for PDC Bit Design and Operation,” SPE 14222

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Drilling Efficiency: New Versus Dull

Carthage Marble

New T1 Dull

 The key to efficient drilling is to

T1 Dull
keep bits as sharp as possible,
as long as possible
New  Both abrasive wear and impact
damage must be controlled
 Mitigating stick-slip is critical
J.V. Kenner, R. Waughman and T. Windham, “Alliance Yields New Understanding of Bit Wear - Drilling Performance Relationship,”
ETCE98-4545, 1998 ASME Energy Sources Technology Conference & Exhibition
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5
IADC Stick-Slip Mitigation Workshop
Automatic Mitigation: Soft Torque Rotary Systems
No STRS / STRS Off STRS On

A
com dde
an p d
l
d d an i
am ce
M Electric Motor pin
Drive Inertia g

 Achieved by changing
Pipe Stiffness
the drive controls

 Could be software or
electronics

BHA Inertia  Tuning is required: “Cf”

and “Kf”

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STRS Response

 A few cycles in surface RPM

 Rapid decay of torsional vibration
amplitude
 Larger “smooth drilling” envelope

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July 2010
STRS Past and Present

 Initial Success M

 Analog STRS, analog

drive controls
 Eventual Issues
 Interface between STRS
and drive controls
 QA and support x 10
-3 Changbei Rig 2 | Sept. 2009 | ElectroProject STRS

Magnitude [rpm/Nm]
1
MEASURED
0.8
 No existing installations 0.6
MODEL

0.4
met acceptance criteria 0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

 Recent Success
-100 MEASURED

Phase [deg]
MODEL
 Fit for Purpose Solutions (10 -120

-140

rigs) -160

-180
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
Frequency [Hz]
 Clear commissioning protocols
 RTOC monitoring
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Rejuvenation Since 2009

 Pinedale
 Hans Deul
 Roger Lewis
 Changbei Rigs 1 & 2
 Libya T202
 GSF Monarch
 SEDCO 711
 Magnolia F34, F06
 Libya EDC 56
 SDA: SONGA VENUS
 GABON RIG 59
 BRAZIL STENA

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Results: Noble Hans Deul
STRS turned on
 NAM
 Jackup, North Sea
 Electroproject STRS
 12 ¼” section
 2450–5550 m
 60º inclination
 PDC bit
 5 ½” DP

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 Hans Deul …
Downhole stick-slip measurement: Detailed time zoom:
STRS ON STRS OFF

Step change in
stick-slip severity

 Eliminated stick-slip
 Improved steerable system
performance
 Increased ROP by 10%
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Hans Deul Record Run

 Well K15-FK-106, 12¼'' section drilled in 1

bit run from 1466 m to 5001m AHRT
 Steering required at beginning (42º-55º) and
end (55º-50º)
 High WOB used in Rogenstein (30 MT vs.
22MT), lower RPM to reduce shocks due to
whirl
 STRS prevented onset of stick-slip at lower
speed140 rpm
 Average ROP = 30.2 m/hr
 11.8 days ahead of base plan, 21.9 days
ahead of AFE50/50
 Saved millions of €
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 Results: Roger Lewis

11.5  Offshore Qatar

NP2-7 (With STRS)
NP2-3
 Batch drilling 8 ½” sections for >2 yr
12  Electroproject STRS installed for
NP2-7, NP2-3 was previous best

12.5
 42% ROP improvement since
STRS
MD [1000 * ft]

 Keeping bits sharper, longer

13

13.5

14

0 100 200 300 400 500

ROP [ft/hr]
No STRS With STRS
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 Results: Nabors F34

Comparison Magnolia F34 vs. F20  Northwest Louisiana

8300 8300 8300 8300 8300

 12 ¼” section, PDC, very

8350 8350 8350 8350 8350
hard rock (Hosston/Travis
8400 8400 8400 8400 8400
Peak)
 Canrig STRS
MD [ft]

8450 8450 8450 8450 8450

 Previous best performance
8500 8500 8500 8500 8500
with down hole motors
 F34 drilled with rotary
8550 8550 8550 8550 8550
 STRS eliminates stick-slip
8600
0 100 200
8600
0 10 20
8600
0 100 200
8600
0 50 100
8600
0 50
 STRS + rotary matches
ROP [ft / hr] TQ [k ft*lb] SS [%] RPM WOB [k *lbs] performance with motor
F20. Motor. No STRS
 Reduces spread rate
F34. ROTARY. CANRIG STRS

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Summary

 Stick-Slip is Expensive
 Increased bit cost due to number of runs, repair/replacement charges
 Increased hourly cost due to motor usage
 Increased drilling time due to accelerated dulling (low ROP)
 Increased trip time due to number of runs
 Increased costs associated with downhole tool damage (MWD, LWD)
 Mitigation of Stick-Slip using STRS Saves Money
 STRS effective when properly implemented and commissioned
 Proven ROP increases from 10-70%
 Improved steerable system performance (reduced failures)
 Reduced bit damage, longer bit runs
 Savings from thousands to millions

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Questions?

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