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 To investigate depth perception in human and animal species
Ô
   Animals (chicks, rats) and babies

 
 If children placed near the visual cliff begins to have increased breathing
rates, widening eyes, and quickening heart rates, than he/she may have the perception of the
consequences of going to the other side.
  
 The realization that the visual cliff may lead to falling and hurting oneself
comes later when a child begins to crawl and gains real experience with taking tumbles. For
animals, the realization come faster depending on their pace of locomotion. Most rely on visual
cues for depth perception.

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To understand the forms of how people/animals learn and acquire
information
Ô
  Dogs

 
 Through the usage of an unconditioned stimulus and associating it with a
conditioned stimulus, dogs may understand and learn the association between the two stimuli.
  
 When linking an unconditioned stimulus (something that evokes an innate, or
reflective response) with an neutral stimulus (something that does not evoke any particular
response), one may associate the two as producing the same results and may expect the
same results.

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 To understand the children who were temporarily separated from their
parents or were orphaned during the World War II in England and the importance of
attachment with a caregiver.
Ô
  Newborn monkeys with (furry surrogate mother and barbed-wire mother)

 
 The furry surrogate mother would be warm and is wrapped in terry-cloth.
The barbed wire mother provides the baby monkey with food and milk. However, the baby
monkey stays with the terry-clothed mother more. Also, baby monkeys with the terry-clothed
mother is able to explore new things/strangers, while the other crouches in fear.
  
Infants become attached to adults who are sensitive and responsive in social
interactions with them. Infants primarily seek proximity to an attachment figure.

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To understand why individuals seek consistency among their cognitions and
what they do when there is a dissonance.
Ô
  Students

 
 If a person is induced to do or say something that is contrary to his private
opinion, there will be a tendency for him/her to change his/her opinion so as to bring it into
correspondence with what he has done or said
  
 People have a motivational drive to reduce the dissonance. They do this by
changing their attitudes, beliefs, and actions.





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To find out how personality can affect one¶s social learning process.
Ô
  

 
 A questionnaire is used to measure one¶s locus of control.
  
Individuals with high internal locus of control have better control of their
behavior because they believe that events result primarily from their own behavior and actions.
Those with a low internal locus of control believe that powerful others, fate, or chance
determine events.


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  ÿ boys from both middle and lower-class families in Chicago (ages 10,13, 16)

 
 Has a story that is told and asks the children what they think about what
the character did and why.
  
 There are 6 stages in intellectual development and moral judgment.



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