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RESEARCH REPORT
ON
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEGREE
This is to certify that Mr. BHAGAT SINGH Of DIMAT MBA Semester -IV has successfully
completed the research report in partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of MBA
Degree prescribed by the Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekananda Technical University, Bhilai.
This report is the record of authentic work carried out by the student during the academic year
(2010-2011)
2
DECLARATION
I, Mr. BHAGAT SINGH hereby declare that this research report is the record of authentic work
carried out by me during the academic year (2010-2011)
( )
Signature of the student
(BHAGAT SINGH)
Name of the Student
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the responsibility
to complete this Report. I want to thank the Department of MBA of DIMAT RAIPUR for giving
me Permission to commence this report. I have further more to thank my friends without there
help it won’t be possible for me to complete this research report
BHAGAT SINGH
MBA 4th SEM
SEC - C
4
INDEX
HISTORY OF LAPTOP 7 – 11
COMPANIES MANUFACTURING 11 – 21
LAPTOP
CHAPTER 1 OBJECTIVE 22
SCOPE & SIGNIFICANCE 23
REVIEW OF LITRATURE
25 – 26
CHAPTER 2 DATA ANALYSIS &
27 - 36
INTERPRETATION
FINDING
38 – 39
OBSERVATION & SUGESSION 40 – 41
CHAPTER 3
LIMITATIONS 42 – 45
CONCLUSION
46
BIBLIOGRAPHY
47
CHAPTER 4 ANNEXURE 48
QUESTIONNAIRE 49 - 50
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CHAPTER 1
HISTORY OF LAPTOP
COMPANIES MANUFACTURING LAPTOP
OBJECTIVE
SCOPE & SIGNIFICANCE
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HISTORY OF LAPTOP
Laptops usually run on a single main battery or from an external AC/DC adapter that charges
the battery while also supplying power to the computer itself. Many computers also have a 3
volt cell to run the clock and other processes in the event of a power failure. Laptops contain
components that are similar to their desktop counterparts a perform the same functions, but
are miniaturized and optimized for mobile use and efficient power consumption.
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Although typically less powerful for the same price. Laptops usually have liquid crystal displays
and most of them use different memory modules for their random access memory (RAM), for
instance, SO-DIMM in lieu of the larger DIMMs. In addition to a built-in keyboard, they may
utilize a touchpad (also known as a trackpad) or a pointing stick for input, though an external
keyboard or mouse can usually be attached.
It is a little hard to determine what was the first portable or laptop computer, the first portable
computers did not look like the book-sized and folding laptops that we are familiar with today,
however, they were both portable and lapable, and lead to the development of notebook style
laptops. I have outlined several potential first below and how each qualifies; many of the off-
site links provide good photos of the computers that will let you see the progression in design.
In this day and age, computer technology develops so rapidly that it seems there is no end to
the possibilities of the miracle machine. Computers, once monstrous behemoths that could
dominate whole rooms, can now be compacted into……………….
Light weight, portable notebook systems. The laptop computer was likely unimaginable when
computers were first created more than 60 years ago, but today it features incredible
technology in a very small package.
The idea of a portable, technically complete computer system was first conceived of as early
as the 1970s. While the technology of the laptop would not be feasible until the next decade,
researchers at Xerox were experimenting with a type of portable computer, called the
Dynabook, in the late 1960s and early 1970s (Wurster 2001). The Dynabook was
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intended to be a type of tablet computer (with a screen that did not fold down as the screens of
most modern laptop computers do) that could run on nearly eternal battery life. Unfortunately,
technology in the 1970s was not advanced enough to support his idea, and the concept of the
Dynabook was never developed into an operational unit.
Earliest Laptops:Portable computers first became commercially available in 1981 with the
Osborne 1 system (Wilson 2006). This computer was about the size of a portable sewing
machine, featured a tiny monitor, and could not be run on battery power. However, it
revolutionized the business world, allowing business professionals to carry their computer data
with them for the first time, even on airplanes. But due to the unwieldy size of the Osborne I
and its inability to run on battery power, the system never really took off in the commercial
market, though it would remain a vanguard of technological advances to come.
The first true laptop computer, which featured a flat display screen that could fold down on the
keyboard, was introduced in 1982. Termed the GRID Compass, the computer featured the
clamshell design that is still used for most modern laptops and could be run on battery power
(Wilson 2006). However, its incredibly high price and IBM
incompatibility limited its attractiveness in the commercial market, and it was used primarily by
only the U.S. military and NASA.
IBM-Compatible Laptops: Despite the relative success of some early laptops and the
clamor by business people for more portable computers, laptop producers encountered some
difficulty gaining overall popularity for their systems that were not IBM compatible. Because
IBM was the major platform for most desktop computers, it became essential that laptop
computers were
IBM compatible in order to promote the transfer of data from one computer to another. To fulfill
this need, two IBM-compatible laptops were launched in 1986 and 1987 to moderate success
(Wilson 2006). Produced by IBM and Toshiba, the units were fairly limited in their operating
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capabilities but they were light enough to be carried in a backpack, could be run on batteries,
and included a pause feature that allowed users to resume work between sessions without
restarting. While the IBM-compatible systems were useful, they were still limited in their
viability and did not experience large-scale commercial success .
laptop computer. In that year, a contract from the United States Air Force for the purchase of
200,000 laptops was up for grabs, and computer manufacturers competed heavily to win the
contract. Each company rushed to develop prototypes that would secure the deal, with Zenith
Data Systems (ZDS) eventually emerging as the victor. quite popular among business people,
and suppliers rushed to furnish the growing market with lighter, faster, and more viable
machines.
Microsoft Standardizes the Laptop :Perhaps the most significant event in the history
of laptop computers was the release of the Windows 95 operating system by Microsoft in 1995
(Wurster 2001). Prior to this, operating systems for laptops varied widely, and suppliers
experienced a great amount of flexibility in the design of their computers. The introduction of
Windows 95 as the most prominent operating system
As technology has developed since 1995, the popularity and viability of laptop computers have
greatly increased. Improved battery life, displays, processors, and network connectivity have all
served to increase the ubiquity of laptop computers. Today, the average laptop computer is a far
cry from the heavy, bulky portable computers of the early 1980s. Indeed, there is no telling how
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the laptop will continue to develop in future years as computing technology.
Acer
Apple
Compaq
Dell
Gateway
Hewlett-Packard
Lenovo
Panasonic - (available in Japan only)
Sony
Toshiba
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OTHERS BRANDS AVAILABLE GLOBALLY
Abbcore Technologies
Acorn Computers
AVADirect
Averatec
BenQ
Everex
Fujitsu Siemens
Gericom
Gigabyte
HCL
HTC
Hypersonic
Hyundai
12
Philips Pioneer Computers
Prestigio
13
SOME POPULAR COMPANIES OF LAPTOP ARE
14
15
INTRODUCTION OF COMPAQ LAPTOP
16
INTRODUCTION OF LENOVO LAPTOP
17
INTRODUCTION OF SONY LAPTOP
18
I
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INTRODUCTION OF LAPTOP COMPUTER
A laptop computer, or simply laptop is a small mobile computer, which usually weighs 2-18
pounds (around 1 to 8 kilograms), depending on size, materials, and other factors.Laptops
usually run on a single main battery or from an external AC/DC adapter which can charge the
battery while also supplying power to the computer itself.
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The Meaning of Perception
Perceptions vary from person to person. Different people perceive different things about the
same situation. But more than that, we assign different meanings to what we perceive. And the
meanings might change for a certain person. One might change one's perspective or simply
make things mean something else.
Some people see a young lady looking away. Others see an old lady looking down. Depending
on how you look at it, part of the picture might be the young woman's nose and eyelash, or it
might be a wart on the old woman's nose. What is the young woman's ear might be the old
woman's eye. What is the young woman's necklace might be the old woman's mouth. The
picture hasn't really changed. You just emphasize different parts of it and assign them different
meaning.
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They are exactly the same size. However the top one looks longer than the bottom one. It is
on optical illusion tricking us into assigning a different meaning to what we see.
We fill in a lot of blanks with our minds. If we have incomplete perceptions, which we
practically always do to a certain extent, our minds fill in the rest.
Are those letters? Or are they just lines and blotches on the paper? How do you know?
Do you see a vase or do you see two faces looking at each other?
The meaning of something will change when you look at it differently. You can look at anything
differently and it will have a different meaning .
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OBJECTIVE OF THE TOPIC
23
SCOPE & SIGNIFICANCE OF PERCEPTION & USE OF LAPTOP
The Laptop Computers provide historic evidence of the RTA's adoption of new technologies at
an early stage and are symbolic of the level of technical input and technological support
associated with the design and operation of roads and bridges. They provide evidence of the
long-standing use of technical computing equipment by the RTA and are amongst the earliest
surviving portable computers acquired by the RTA. They symbolize, for RTA Staff, the leaps in
technology that accompanied the late twentieth century and the impact that these changes
had upon work practices. The housing of the units illustrates packaging and presentation
techniques for technical instruments of the period.
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CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION
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RESEARCH METHODOLGY
The research on the A MARKET STUDY ON PERCEPTION & USE OF LAPTOPS was totally
based on the performance level of the products of different companies available in the market.
For the collection of data (primary and secondary data) I had to meet with the enough number
of businessman & students which give me an idea to arrive at an approximate conclusion.
Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. One can also define research
as a scientific search for pertinent on a specific topic. In fact, research is an academic activity
& as such the term should be used in a technical sense. According to Clifford woody research
comprises defining & redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions:
collecting, organizing & evaluating data: making deductions & reaching conclusions.
SAMPLE SIZE:
The sample size of this research is taken 26.
PERIOD OF STUDY:
The duration for the accomplishment of the research report is two months .
AREA OF STUDY:
A market survey on USE & PERCEPTION OF LAPTOPS covers the businessman &
students of Raipur city and the hostel students.
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SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:
The data required for conducting research can be collected by Random sampling.
27
DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION
Brand awareness
8%
YES
NO
92%
INFERENCES: The graph shows the Brand awareness of laptop between the people. It
means that how much people know about the brand of laptop.
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Qu2: How many bands in laptop do you know?
(A)Acer 20 (B) compaq 20 (C) lenovo 13 (D) HCL 10 (E) All 137
acer
8% compaq
lenovo
HCL
All
4%
69%
INFERENCES: The above graph shows that how many brands of laptop people know, present
in the market.
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Qu3: Do you use laptop?
use of laptop
19%
Yes
No
81%
INFERENCES: The above graph shows that how many people use laptop &
how many are not using laptop.
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Qu4: Which company laptop do you use?
19%
acer
31%
compaq
4% lenovo
HCL
other
19%
27%
INFERENCES: The above graph shows that which company laptop mostly used by the
people.
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Qu5: How long are you using laptop?
1 year
2 year
3 year
more
46%
INFERENCES: The above graph shows that how long they are using
that particular laptop.
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Qu6: What are the features of your laptop?
INFERENCES: The above graph shows the what are the features of their laptop.
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Qu7: Are you satisfied with your laptop?
satisfaction of laptop
38%
Yes
No
62%
INFERENCES: The above graph shoes the satisfaction level of people. It means whether
they are satisfied with their laptop or not.
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Qu8: Why you choose only that particular Brand for.
Price
Service
Features
4th Qtr
38%
15%
INFERENCES: The above graph shows that why they choose particular that laptop. Through
this graph it can be known that what the reason of choosing that laptop is.
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Qu9: Are you satisfied with the features of your laptop?
62%
INFERENCES: The above graph shows that the satisfaction level of people regarding the
satisfaction level of the features of laptop.
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Qu10: If I asked you to change your laptop with some other brand of laptop.
Would you like to change your laptop?
62%
INFERENCES: Through this graph it can be known that whether the people are satisfied
with their laptop or they are ready to change their laptop with some other company laptop or
not.
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CHAPTER 3
FINDING
OBSERVATION & SUGESSION
LIMITATIONS
CONCLUSION
38
FINDINGS & SUGGESSIONS
“The following are the things that should be kept in mind while purchasing
laptop”
Laptop Size:
If you do lots of traveling, you may want to consider an ultraportable or thin and light laptop
computer. But with increased portability, you may have to make some technical
compromises--a smaller LCD screen, less power, possibly an external rather than integrated
DVD/CD drive. If you demand all the characteristics of a desktop PC, you should consider a
more powerful all-in-one system. These 'desktop replacement laptops' have a sad battery life,
but come with the fastest processors, widescreen displays, and DVD-RW drives. These
powerhouses run in the 8 to 15 pound range.
In the Windows-equipped arena, both Intel and AMD provide low-power, energy-efficient
processors with their mobile (M) models designed to reduce heat and prolong battery life
without sacrificing power. Intel's Centrino technology has advanced laptop performance
greatly increasing battery life.
As far as Apple's portables are concerned, both i-Book and PowerBook now include Apple's
G4 processor, and the latest 1.5GHz G4's provide the best options in portability and sheer
power. Personally, if I was contemplating a laptop computer buy in the near future, it would be
a Centrino model.
There is no longer any need to settle for a subpar 14-inch LCD with a maximum resolution of
1024x768 pixels. Larger 15-inch displays offer a more desktop-like viewing experience (with
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higher resolutions), while widescreen 16-inch and 17-inch displays are now here, supporting
resolutions as high as 1680x1050.
Poor graphics performance has often held laptops back from vying with desktop computers. If
you demand extra multimedia performance for game play, watching movies, or video / photo
editing, ATI's new Mobility Radeon 9200 and 9600 have provided the best laptop solution to
date, along with NVIDIA's DirectX9-compliant GeForce FX5200 and FX5600 Go GPU's.
Integrated graphics (also referred to a shared video memory) is standard on many different
laptop computer models and delivers barely average performance--suitable for office use, but
not much more.
This is a very important laptop computer purchase decision. Like hard drive size, the amount
of memory you need is dependent on what you will spend most of your time doing with your
laptop. Most new laptops come equipped with 512MB of RAM, and considering most of
today's applications, I wouldn't settle for anything less. It will slow you down.
For quite some time Apple laptops have subdued their PC rivals in terms of battery life, but
Intel's Centrino technology is fast catching up, and it enables Windows-powered laptops to last
up to five hours on a single charge. Some laptops also include 'media-bays', allowing you to
replace the optical drive with a second battery to extend your battery run time.
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Wireless Networking:
The majority of laptops come with a 56K modem and a 10/100 Ethernet port for cable/DSL
connectivity as standard. All Centrino-based laptops feature 802.11b/g modules for wireless
networking, but Wi-Fi is not standard on all machines, so study the laptop computer spec
sheet carefully. Similarly, Bluetooth can also be found on some models although mostly as an
optional extra. All of Apple's laptops are Wi-Fi compatible, although you may need to buy a
separate Airport (802.11b) or Airport Extreme (802.11g) card.
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OBSERVATION & FINDINGS
42
LIMITATION
43
LIMITATIONS
The laptop with its compact size and low weight make the system easy to carry, but these also
dictate a small built-in display that some users may find restrictive. Performance is also on the
low side, but perfectly adequate for productivity tasks while on the road.
This Warranty does not cover and shall be void for defects or damages resulting from
casualty, accident, transportation, misuse or abuse, neglect, alterations, service or repair by
other than Fujitsu Computer Systems Corporation or its ASPs, improper installation, operation
or maintenance, improper connections with peripherals, or other causes not arising out of
defects in materials or workmanship. This Warranty does not cover Products used as short
term rental equipment. Fujitsu Computer Systems Corporation and its Solution Providers are
not responsible for damage to or loss of any programs, data, or removable storage media,
whether it occurs during warranty or other repair service.
The only effective protection for data stored in a computer, such as on a hard drive, is the
regular backing up of that data by you, the Purchaser. ASPs shall not be responsible for any
software programs, data or other information stored or used on any media or part of any
Product returned to Fujitsu Computer Systems Corporation or its ASPs for warranty service or
other repair including the costs of recovering such programs or data. If during the warranty
service or repair of the Product the contents of the hard drive or any other
data storage media are altered, deleted, modified or lost, Fujitsu Computer Systems
Corporation and its ASPs are not responsible. It is solely your responsibility as the Purchaser
to back up any software programs, data, or information stored on any storage media or any
part of a Product returned for warranty service or repair to Fujitsu Computer Systems
Corporation or its ASPs.
44
Warranty Disclaimer and Limitations
this warranty statement for the product and the software is in lieu of all conditions or
warranties, express, implied or statutory including but not limited to any implied conditions or
warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose on the part of fujitsu computer
systems corporation, its suppliers or its authorized solutions providers. all implied or statutory
warranties to the extent that they cannot be excluded are limited to the effective period of the
express warranty set forth herein. fujitsu warrants that the hardware product, purchased from
fujitsu computer systems corporation or from an authorized fujitsu reseller by the original
purchaser, is free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use. if the product
is defective in materials or workmanship, your sole and exclusive remedy
Other Limitations
Service Programs
Screens are not repairable and must be replaced. The replacement costs can approach the
total cost of the unit. Customers may purchase additional coverage under the Screen
Protection Plan, which allows the customer to have damaged screens replaced twice
during a one-year period. Screen protection is available in the U.S. and Canada.
Executive Mobile Service Designed specifically for the on-the-go mobile professional or
those needing an extra measure of coverage, our Executive Mobile Service is an available
upgrade providing on-location International Limited
Warranty service within the continental United States. After a telephone call to determine if
a dispatch is necessary, a trained technician will be sent directly to your location, providing
added convenience, increased system availability and quick repair.
45
CONCLUSION
This research gives information that, today in market there are so many brands of laptop are
available & with the help of this research I am able to check that the brand awareness
between the people using the different brands of laptop.
Through this survey it can be concluded that there are different people which can use
different brands of laptop, why they prefer that particular brand of laptop & what are their
expectations from their company, whether they are satisfied with their product features,
company services or not.
This research helps the people in selecting the best product from the available product & also
helps in knowing that particular product is different from the other product, what are the
features of the product & their limitation.
So through this research I am able to know that there are so many brands available in the
market like Acer, Lenovo, Compaq, HCL, Sony & many more. Among them the most popular
brand of laptop is compaq.
46
CHAPTER 4
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNEXURE
QUESTIONNAIRE
47
BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
Marketing Management – Philip Kotler
48
ANNEXURE
49
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name :
Age :
Sex :
Address :
Occupation :
Contact :
Qu1: Are you aware of the brands of laptop?
(a) Yes (b) No
Qu11: If I asked you to change your laptop with some other brand of laptop. Would you like to
change your laptop?
(a) Yes (b) No
Qu15: What are the accessories provided by the company with your laptop?
(a) Charging cod (b) C D Drive (c) leather bag (d) web cam (e) all.
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