Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Multilateral Meeting
Réunion Multilatérale
CONCLUSIONS
Multilateral Meeting
****
Réunion multilatérale
Conclusions
Within the framework of its programmes of legal cooperation with the countries of
central and eastern Europe, the Council of Europe - on an initiative of the Ministry of Justice
of Romania - organised a multilateral meeting on "The judge and international law" from 28
to 30 November 1995 at the Parliament in Bucharest.
A consensus on certain aspects of the subject debated emerged from this meeting.
1. The participants recognised that the primacy of international law over domestic law,
which is a necessary requirement of international law, should be clearly recognised
by states and new democracies and guaranteed in their constitutions and their
legislation.
In this respect, the work of the European Commission for Democracy through Law
on the relationship between international and domestic law was mentioned, in
particular its recommendations in favour of recognition in constitutions and
legislation of the superiority of international law over domestic law. The
Commission considers that such solutions would notably have the advantage of
bringing states closer together on the basis of international legal principles and of
facilitating the application of international law in domestic legal systems.
2. The participants stressed that it is a matter for each state's legal system to provide
the most appropriate means to ensure that rules of international law are applied in
the domestic legal system.
The manner in which international law is incorporated into domestic law is part of
the sovereign decision of the states, taking into account particularly their own legal
systems and traditions.
The specific role of constitutional courts, which have the task, among others, of
ensuring respect for international law by guaranteeing that domestic law is
compatible with international law, was also accentuated.
Conclusions
Dans le cadre de ses programmes de coopération juridique avec les pays d'Europe centrale
et orientale, le Conseil de l'Europe a organisé, à l'initiative du Ministère de la Justice de
Roumanie, une réunion multilatérale sur le thème "le juge et le droit international" les 28-30
novembre 1995 au Palais du Parlement à Bucarest.
Les travaux de cette réunion ont permis de dégager un consensus sur certains aspects du
thème débattu.
1° Les participants ont reconnu que la primauté du droit international sur le droit
interne qui est un impératif du droit international devrait être clairement reconnu
par les Etats et les nouvelles démocraties et consacré dans leurs constitutions et leurs
législations.
2° Les participants ont souligné qu'il appartient au système juridique de chaque Etat
de prévoir les moyens les plus appropriés pour assurer l'application des règles de
droit international dans l'ordre juridique interne.
Les modalités suivant lesquelles le droit international est incorporé dans le droit
interne relèvent de la décision souveraine des Etats eu égard notamment à leurs
systèmes et traditions juridiques propres.
L'accent a également été mis sur le rôle spécifique des Cours constitutionnelles qui
ont, entre autres, pour mission de veiller au respect du droit international en
assurant la compatibilité du droit interne avec le droit international.
3. Respect for the rule of law necessarily implies that the national judge must apply
international law which has been legally incorporated into the domestic legal
system.
It is in fact before the national courts that citizens will invoke the norms of
international treaties and it is the courts which will have the role of ensuring the
effective application of international law, including international customs and
general principles of law.
To that end, the judge must interpret domestic law in such a way that it is in
accordance with the international treaty and other sources of international law.
To enable national judges to fulfil their task, the state must provide them with
information and documentation which are essential for keeping up with the
evolution of international law.
The participants stressed the necessity of developing the training of judges in the
field of international law.
In this respect, the use of computer data banks was considered to be one way of
facilitating the task of the judge when looking for information necessary in
international law. In this context, it was also suggested that a seminar on the
training of judges in the field of international law could be organised.
The participants expressed the wish that the different points mentioned should constitute
the axes upon which the future work of the Council of Europe on the relationship between
international and domestic law could be directed.
-5-
C'est en effet devant les juridictions nationales que les citoyens invoqueront les
normes des traités internationaux et ce sont les tribunaux qui auront pour rôle
d'assurer l'application effective du droit international, y compris les coutumes
internationales et les principes généraux du droit.
A cet effet le juge doit interpréter la loi interne de telle sorte que celle-ci s'accorde
avec le traité international et les autres sources du droit international.
Afin de permettre aux juges nationaux de remplir leur mission, l'Etat doit mettre à
leur disposition l'information et la documentation indispensables pour suivre
l'évolution du droit international.
Les participants ont mis l'accent sur la nécessité de développer la formation des
juges dans le domaine du droit international.
Les participants ont exprimé le souhait que les différents aspects évoqués constituent des
axes autour desquels pourront s'orienter les travaux futurs du Conseil de l'Europe dans le
domaine des rapports entre le droit international et le droit interne.
-6-
-7-
APPENDIX I / ANNEXE I
Programme
-8-
09h 30 The position of international law in the domestic legal order and the application
of international law by the national judge
11h 30 Break
13h 00 Lunch
16h 00 Break
11h 30 Pause
13h 00 Déjeuner
16h 00 Pause
Débat
- 10 -
09h 00 The judge and the rules of international jurisdiction in civil and criminal matters
Discussion
11h 00 Break
11h 15 Cooperation between national courts and the Court of Justice of the European
Communities in civil matters
Discussion
13h 00 Lunch
15h 00 Impact of the case-law of the organs of the European Convention on Human
Rights on domestic law and the national judge
Discussion
16h 30 Break
Débat
11h 00 Pause
Débat
13h 00 Déjeuner
Débat
16h 30 Pause
Discussion
11h 00 Break
12h 00 Conclusions
Débat
11h 00 Pause
12h 00 Conclusions
Clôture de la réunion
- 14 -
- 15 -
APPENDIX II / ANNEXE II
ALBANIA / ALBANIE
BELARUS
Mr Evgenie SMIRNOV, Judge, Supreme Court, Index 220681, ul. Lenina 28, MINSK
BULGARIA / BULGARIE
Ms Galia Vladimirova ZAHAROVA, Judge, Court of Sofia, c/o Ministry of Justice, 1 Rue
Slavianska, SOFIA
CROATIA / CROATIE
Mr Robert FREMR, Judge, High Court of Prague, Nám. Hrdinu 1 300, 140 00 PRAGUE
ESTONIA / ESTONIE
Excusé/Apologies
HUNGARY / HONGRIE
Ms Beáta LUKÅCSI, Judge, Town Court, Gödöllôi Dózsaz Gy ut. 19, Városi Bíróság, 2100
GÖDÖLLÔ
Mme Éva GRÒF, Chef de Département, Ministère de la Justice, Szalay ut. 16, H-1055
BUDAPEST
- 17 -
LATVIA / LETTONIE
LITHUANIA / LITUANIE
Mr _ilvinas KVIETKUS, Official of the Department of International Law and Human Rights,
Ministry of Justice, Gedimino pr. 30/1, 2600 VILNIUS
MOLDOVA
POLAND/POLOGNE
Mr Janusz STA_CZYK, Director General, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Al. Szucha 23,
WARSAW
ROMANIA / ROUMANIE
M. Octavian CÁ PÁ TINA, Doyen de l'Institut national pour la Formation des Magistrats, 33,
Bld M. Kogalniceanu, sector 5, BUCAREST
M. Paul MITROI, Juge à la Cour Suprême de Justice, Palais de Justice, Calea Tahovei nr. 2-4,
BUCAREST
M. Alexeï DRONOV, Attaché of the Legal Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Arbat
52/54, 121019 MOSCOU
Mrs Alena POLÁ _KOVÁ , Judge, District Court, Záhradnicka 10, 81601 BRATISLAVA
SLOVENIA / SLOVENIE
UKRAINE
- 19 -
RAPPORTEURS
Mr Gustaf MÖLLER, Judge, Supreme Court, PO Box 301, SF-00171 HELSINKI, Finland
M. Roger PERROT, Professeur émérite de l'Université Panthéon-Assas (Paris II), 14, Bld
Bineau, 92300 LEVALLOIS-PERRET, France
Mme Gaby TUBACH, Chef de la Division de coopération juridique avec les pays d'Europe
centrale et orientale, Direction des Affaires Juridiques