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The concentration of a solution is determined by answering these two questions:
• How much solute is there in a solution?
– If there is a lot, we call it a strong solution
– If there is a little, we call it a weak solution
• How much solvent is it dissolved in?
– If there is a lot, we call it a weak solution
– If there is a little, we call is a strong solution
How do we express the concentration of a solution?
• Normally we express concentrations as a PERCENTAGE (a fraction multiplied by 100)
• This fraction is obtained using the mass of solute divided by:
– A. The mass of the solvent (% m/m) or
– B. The volume of the solvent (% m/v)
To think about: why are % m/m and % m/v not the same?
(Hint: what is mass divided by volume?)
Mass in mass
• Mass in mass (m/m) is the mass of the solute divided by the mass of the entire
solution.
• For example:
– If I put 5g of sugar in a cup, and then add water until the solution’s mass is
100g, then the concentration of the solution is:
5g/100g x 100 = 5% m/m
Mass in volumen
• Mass in volume (m/v) is the mass of the solute divided by the mass of the entire
solution.
• For example:
– If I put 3g of salt in a beaker, and then add water until the solution’s volume
reaches 100ml, then the concentration of the solution is:
3g/100ml x 100 = 3% m/v
PROBLEMS ON SOLUTIONS:
1. To season a fish stock we must add 16 g of salt to 2 liters of broth.
a) What is the concentration of salt (in % m/v) in the broth?
b) If we take 150 ml of broth what is its concentration? How much salt will contain the 150 ml?
2. Glucose, a sugar, is a solid substance wich is soluble in water. The dissolution of
sugar water is used to feed patients when they can not eat.
The label on a bottle of 500 cm3 serum appears: "Dissolution of glucose in water,
concentration 55 g / l ".
a) What is the solvent and solute in which the solution? __________________________
b) We put on a plate 50 cm3. If we let the water evaporates, what amount of glucose remain in
the plate?
c) A patient needs to take 40 g of glucose per hour. What volume of serum from the previous
bottle was be injected in an hour?
3) 3. In an alcoholic beverage label you read: 13.5% vol. a) What is that number?
b) If the bottle contains 700 ml of drinking, What is the volume of alcohol in it?