ISP Services

Jaringan Komputer 2 – Pertemuan 12

Version 4.1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1
Objectives
 Describe the network services provided by an ISP.
 Describe the protocols that support the network
services provided by an ISP.
 Describe the purpose, function, and hierarchical nature
of the Domain Name System (DNS).
 Describe and enable common services and their
protocols.

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Introducing ISP Services
Critical services for small-to-medium businesses:
 Email
 Web hosting
 Media streaming
 IP telephony
 File transfer

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Introducing ISP Services
Meeting customer requirements:
 Reliability
 Availability

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Protocols That Support ISP Services
 The TCP/IP suite of protocols supports
reliability

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Protocols That Support ISP Services
 Transport needs determine the choice of
Transport Layer Protocol

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Protocols That Support ISP Services
The TCP three-way handshake:
 Synchronization
 Synchronization acknowledgement
 Acknowledgement

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Protocols That Support ISP Services
How TCP supports reliability:
 Acknowledgement
 Retransmission
 Sequencing
 Flow control

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Protocols That Support ISP Services
 UDP: not connection-oriented, simple protocol
 Used by online games, DHCP, DNS

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Protocols That Support ISP Services
 TCP and UDP use ports to support multiple
services

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Protocols That Support ISP Services
 Socket: combination of Transport Layer port
number and Network Layer IP address of host
 Socket pair: source and destination IPs and
port numbers identify each conversation

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Domain Name System (DNS)
 Networking naming systems translate human-
readable names into machine-readable
addresses

srv2

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Domain Name System (DNS)
Advantages of DNS:
 Hierarchical structure
 Small, manageable zones
 Scalable

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Domain Name System (DNS)
Components of DNS:
 Resource records and domain namespace
 Domain name system servers
 Resolvers

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Domain Name System (DNS)
DNS name resolution:
 Dynamic updates
 Forward lookup zones
 Reverse lookup zones
 Primary zones
 Secondary zones

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Domain Name System (DNS)
Implementing DNS solutions:
 ISP DNS servers
 Local DNS servers

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Services and Protocols
 ISPs provide many business-oriented services
 Secure versions of Application Layer protocols
support customer security requirements

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Services and Protocols
 HTTP is a request-response protocol
 HTTPS adds authentication and encryption

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Services and Protocols
 FTP uses a protocol interpreter (PI) and data
transfer process (DTP)
 Two connections: one to send commands, one
for actual file data transfer

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Services and Protocols
 SMTP: specific message format and processes
running on both client and server
 POP3: mail is downloaded from server to client
and then deleted
 IMAP4: keeps messages on server

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Summary
 TCP and UDP use port numbers to provide multiple
services to hosts.
 DNS uses a hierarchical system of databases to
resolve names and IP addresses of known hosts within
networks and across the Internet.
 The most common services used on the Internet
include FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS and SMTP.
 ISPs use high-performance servers to support these
services.

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21

© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22