Security Council

Is one of the principal organs of the United Nations and is charged with the maintenance
of international peace and security. Its powers, outlined in the United Nations Charter,
include the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of international
sanctions, and the authorization of military action. Its powers are exercised through
United Nations Security Council resolutions.

Note:

Look to the chapters of the UNITED NATIONS CHARTER: V – VI – VII – VIII – XII.
For the best development of the debate.
 Nuclear Energy in Iran
History:
The nuclear program of Iran has its origins in the Cold War in the late 50's under the
auspices of the U.S. within the framework of bilateral agreements between both
countries. Specifically in 1957, when under the Atoms for Peace program signed a civil
nuclear cooperation agreement. Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi ruled Iran at the time,
and after the CIA-backed overthrow of Mohammad Mosaddeq in 1953, his regime
seemed very stable and friendly to the West and for the U.S. to worry about the fact that
Iran could have nuclear weapons eventually.

Already in the seventies, Sah predicted that oil reserves would not last forever so set a
goal to produce 23 000 megawatts of electricity using nuclear plants. In the first
Bushehr plant would be built, and would supply power to the inland city of Shiraz. The
construction of the plant should be completed by 1981.

The team of President Ford not only endorsed Iranian plans to launch a massive nuclear
energy industry, but also worked to close a multimillion-dollar agreement that would
have allowed Iran control large amounts of plutonium and enriched uranium, material
that can be used to create atomic bomb.

After the 1979 Revolution, Iran informed the International Atomic Energy Agency
(IAEA) of its plans to restart its nuclear program using home-made nuclear fuel, and in
1983 the IAEA even planned to help Iran under its Technical Assistance Program to
produce enriched uranium. Thus, the Iranian Revolution was a critical moment in the
relationship between Iran and foreign countries in terms of cooperation for nuclear
energy.

On August 14, 2002, Alireza Jafarzadeh, a prominent Iranian dissident, revealed the
existence of two unknown nuclear sites, a uranium enrichment facility in Natanz (part of
which is underground), and other heavy water in Arak. According to the security
agreement between Iran and the IAEA, in force at the time, stated that "Iran is not
obliged to allow IAEA inspections of a new nuclear facility until six months before
nuclear material is brought into the same" nay, even Iran was not obliged to inform the
IAEA of the existence of the facility until then, a point conceded by the United
Kingdom at the meeting of the Board of Governors in March 2003.

On November 14, 2004, the chief Iranian negotiator announced a voluntary and
temporary suspension of Iranian enrichment program (must be said that uranium
enrichment is not a violation of the NPT) after pressure from the United Kingdom,
France and Germany, who acting on behalf of the European Union (EU), known in this
context as 3.The EU-8 and August 10, 2005, the Iranian government resumed its
uranium conversion facility at Esfahan, only five days after election of Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad as president, allegedly while still force the suspension of enrichment
activities. This prompted the European Union to pressure the IAEA to take the case of
the nuclear program of Iran to the Security Council United Nations on September 19,
2005.

The nuclear program was included in a global diplomatic crisis for the resumption of
uranium enrichment that the government of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad established in
August 2005 against the recommendations of the IAEA. This crisis had on one hand the
U.S. government George Bush, which focused its diplomatic activity in the international
support not only to impose economic sanctions on Iran, but even to support a probable
military strike that country's program, believing that it actually was meant to nuclear
weapons development.

On January 7, 2008, Mohammad

Jazai, Iran's ambassador to the UN,
has called on the Security Council
stop interfering in Iran's nuclear
case and return this case to the
International Atomic Energy.

Guide questions:

- How is the relation of your

country with Iran?

- What position does your country

have regard to nuclear energy
(consider what happened in Japan
and the Fukushima nuclear plant)?

- Your country has signed the

NPT?

- How does a nuclear reactor

function and what does it needs to
work?

Lynks:

http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/index.html?http://www10.antenna.nl/wise/esp/584/5
496.html

http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf119_nucleariran.html

http://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/iaeairan/index.shtml