Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
• SYSTEMS
• TYPES
• ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC MULTIPLEXED SYSTEMS
• TOPSIDES & SUBSEA COMPONENTS
• OPERATIONS
• UMBILICALS
• CHEMICAL INJECTION
PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS OF SUBSEA PRODUCTION CONTROL SYSTEM
Direct
Low Slow Slow Yes Separated Hydraulic Large Short
hydraulic if desired
Direct electro- Moderate Very fast Fast Yes Separated Hydraulic and Moderate Long
hydraulic if desired electric or
composite
Multiplexed Moderate Very fast Fast Yes Integral Hydraulic and Small Long
electric or
composite
Direct Hydraulic System
CONTROL
DISPLAY
INPUTS
ELECTRONIC SUBSEA
LOGIC
SOLENOID CONTROL
VALVE POWER
TO REMOTE SIGNAL
SENSOR
TO ACTUATOR
SUBSEA
DISCHARGE
UMBILICAL
TOSEA
TERMINATION
OR RETURN
TO SUFACE
(OPTIONAL)
VALVES TO BE ACTUATED
PRODUCTION
HYDRAULIC
POWER UNIT
TOPSIDES UMBILICAL
TERMINATION UNIT
SUBSEA CONTROL UMBILICAL
SUBSEA CONTROL UMBILICAL
SUBSEA CONTROL MODULE (SCM)
Control Module
Subsea Control Module (SCM)
Subsea Electronics Module
Optical Modems
Interface Cards
Hydraulic HP Intensifier
SUBSEA EQUIPMENT
ASSEMBLY
SUBSEA CONTROL MODULE (SCM)
SUBSEA CONTROL MODULE
SUBSEA CONTROL MODULE (SCM)
SCM Housing
Alignment Pins
Fluids & Electrics
Connecting Pins
Locking Pin
DIVERLESS SCM CONNECTION SYSTEM –
With Connection pins at the base
Platform Hydraulic
Master Control
Junction Power
Station
Box Unit
Temperature Choke
transducers Pressure cables
transducers
Typical ROV installed layout Hard piping
Umbilical Termination
Subsea Xmas
Assembly UTA
Control Pod Tree
Choke
Temperature Pressure cables
transducers transducers
SCM
SCMs are usually mounted on the each Tree, but Developments will
require some Control Functions on the Manifold (for valves there).
CHEMICAL INJECTION REQUIREMENTS
CORROSION INHIBITOR
If the reservoir fluids contain Hydrogen Sulphide or Carbon Dioxide, then these could cause
corrision in normal steel lines. Inhibitors can be continuously injected to avoid the
consequence of a corroded flowline.
HYDRATES INHIBITOR
To avoid hydrate formation in Pipelines / Flowlines, Xmas trees, Risers and export headers
liquids like methanol, ethanol, LDHI or MEG are injected. The quantities will be relatively large.
WAX & ASPHALTENES INHIBITOR
Wax deposition in pipelines and risers can have a significant effect on oil production
efficiency. Build-up in pipelines can cause increased pressure drops, resulting in reduced
throughput and thus reduced revenue. In more extreme cases, pipelines/processing facilities
can plug, halting production and leading to potentially huge losses in earnings. Chemical
Injection is one of the possible solutions
SCALE INHIBITOR
The precipitation of Scale and Salt is a serious problem and can block the flow path of
hydrocarbons. Scale may be Barium Salts. Salt scaling is particularly severe in wells with high
saline (>200 g/l) formation brines which may be near saturation with respect to sodium
chloride. The phenomena occurs more frequently in gas wells than in oil wells, and can be
caused by low pressures, decreasing temperatures reservoir water constituents.
EMULSION INHIBITOR
The reservoir fluids often contain soap like chemicals naturally. These can form emulsions
between the oil and water molecules. These give rise to flow and separation problems.
CHEMICAL INJECTION REQUIREMENTS
DRILLING CONTROL SYSTEM