Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

1) INTRODUCTION

The presented system is a ‘Laser Based security system with

password operation’. This system is very useful in home, Bank, and any other security
applications. The circuit is build around digital principle. In this a laser net is created.
If someone cut laser beam at that time loud alarm will produced, light on and
automatically send a voice message to one telephone number. This system reset only
entering 3-digit correct password. The working of this system is very accurate and error
free.

Dept. of E & C i MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

2) BLOCK DIAGRAM

Dept. of E & C ii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

Fig 2.1

3) BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION

3.1 LASER SOURCE

Here for simplicity we can use 4.5 V operated RUBY LASER as laser

source. For net effect we mirror assembly. The RUBY LASER range is about

3 to 5 km meters

3.2 LASER SENSOR SECTION

The sensor section sense Laser and if someone cut laser beam at that

moment output relay wile on. This section consists of a photo diode and SCR.

The laser detector circuit consists of a photo diode. In normal laser beam

falls on photo diode hence its resistance low and transistor T1 will conduct and

hence no gate pulse at SCR. If someone cut laser, at that time photo diode

resistance increase and T1 will not conduct and thus and T1 will not conduct

and thus a positive pulse at gate of SCR.

SCR is silicon controlled rectifier. It on, if once a triggering pulse at its

gate terminal. The Anode is connected to relay coils. Thus if laser beam will

cut relay will on.

Here 12V/2C relay is used. One contact for buzzer and other for output

relay driver circuits.

Dept. of E & C iii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

3.3 ALARM

Here for audio indication use alarm. Here 12V piezo buzzer is used. If a

theft vehicle passes check post at that time the buzzer inside control room will

produce a sound. For this purpose we can use a 12V piezo electric buzzer.

This contains a piezo-electric crystal. The crystal is so cut that the

natural frequency lies between 1 and 2 KHz. In order to oscillate this crystal at

this frequency it is necessary to apply the same frequency between the opposite

faces. This crystal is stamped to a thin metal film. This metal film is mounted

on a plastic or acrylic enclosure, which produce a sufficient air column.

Whenever the buzzer is vibrating in its natural frequency the metal film will

also vibrate which results in an air column vibration or simply the audible

sound.

Since the user do not know the exact natural frequency it is impossible to

vibrate the crystal efficiently. Hence the manufactures introduced an LC

oscillator along with a transistor inside the enclosure. The natural frequency of

the LC tank circuit is so calibrated that it will be exactly same as the natural

frequency of the crystal. This internal oscillator will contain a BC 547

transistor with the above LC circuit connected at its collector. The crystal is

also connected in parallel to this LC circuit. There is feedback element, which

is also stamped in the metal frame. When the metal frame vibrates this

feedback element will also vibrate producing an electrical voltage in the same

frequency. Out of the two terminals one is connected to the positive rail,

which is common to the above circuit, and the other is connected to the base of

Dept. of E & C iv MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

the transistor via a current limiting resistor. This arrangement will keep the

oscillation from damping resulting in a continuous sound.

The entire arrangement will reduce the cost, weight and the external

circuitries. Hence the user is supposed to connect only a DC voltage across the

two wires, which are leading out from the enclosure. One of this is connected

to the emitter of the transistor. This must be connect to the negative terminal

of the battery while the other one to the positive terminal. This is why because

this addition, there is an advantage that the working voltage lays between a

wide range of 1.5V and 27 volts.

3.4 AUTO DIAL UP SECTION

The auto-dial up section automatically send a voice message to

concerned telephone number. In this land phone based circuit is used,

The auto-dial-up circuit of three relay sections. One for hook-ups redial

and third for message player on function. The relay driver transistor BC 547

Base 6 connected to output relay contact via 1K limiting resistor. The emitter

is connected to ground and collector is connected to one relay coil terminal.

The second relay coil is connected to direct +12V DC.

A relay is an electromagnetic switch. It consists of common (com),

normally open (N/O) and normally closed (N/C) contacts. Here 12V/IC/600

ohm relay is used. The diode connected across relay coils is used to protect,

driver transistor from high back emf from relay coils.

Dept. of E & C v MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

The relay contacts is connected to telephone instrument, hook-up

switch, redial buttons. The telephone is direct connected to land phone line.

3.5 MASTER LIGHT ON SECTION

This section is used to if someone cut laser beam all lights on.

The master light switch on circuit consist of a relay driver circuit. A

relay is an electromagnetic switch. It consists of common (com), normally

open (N/O) and normally closed (N/C) contacts. Here 12V/IC/600 ohm relay

is used. The diode connected across relay coils is used to protect, driver

transistor from high back emf from relay coils.

Here 12V/IC relay is used. The relay N/O and common contact is

connected to master switch connection. Use high current rating contact relay

fro in this circuit.

3.6 PASSWORD SWITCH

In this password switch is used to reset circuit. Here 3, 8-way number dip

switches are used. The password number arranged on baises of switch wiring.

3.7 POWER SUPPLY

3.7.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Dept. of E & C vi MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

The ac voltage, typically 220V rms, is connected to a transformer, which steps

that ac voltage down to the level of the desired dc output. A diode rectifier then
provides a full-wave rectified voltage that is initially filtered by a simple capacitor filter
to produce a dc voltage. This resulting dc voltage usually has some ripple or ac voltage
variation.

A regulator circuit removes the ripples and also remains the same dc value even
if the input dc voltage varies, or the load connected to the output dc voltage changes.
This voltage regulation is usually obtained using one of the popular voltage regulator IC
units.

TRANSFORMER RECTIFIER FILTER IC REGULATOR LOAD

Fig 3.1 Block diagram (Power supply)

3.7.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION

3.7.2.1 TRANSFORMER

The potential transformer will step down the power supply voltage (0-230V) to
(0-6V) level. Then the secondary of the potential transformer will be connected to the
precision rectifier, which is constructed with the help of op–amp. The advantages of
using precision rectifier are it will give peak voltage output as DC, rest of the circuits
will give only RMS output.

3.7.2.2 BRIDGE RECTIFIER

When four diodes are connected as shown in figure, the circuit is called as
bridge rectifier. The input to the circuit is applied to the diagonally opposite corners of
the network, and the output is taken from the remaining two corners. Let us assume that
the transformer is working properly and there is a positive potential, at point A and a

Dept. of E & C vii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

negative potential at point B. the positive potential at point A will forward bias D3 and
reverse bias D4.

The negative potential at point B will forward bias D1 and reverse D2. At this time D3
and D1 are forward biased and will allow current flow to pass through them; D4 and D2
are reverse biased and will block current flow.

The path for current flow is from point B through D1, up through RL, through D3,
through the secondary of the transformer back to point B. this path is indicated by the
solid arrows. Waveforms (1) and (2) can be observed across D1 and D3.

One-half cycle later the polarity across the secondary of the transformer
reverses, forward biasing D2 and D4 and reverse biasing D1 and D3. Current flow will
now be from point A through D4, up through RL, through D2, through the secondary of
T1, and back to point A. This path is indicated by the broken arrows. Waveforms (3)
and (4) can be observed across D2 and D4. The current flow through RL is always in
the same direction. In flowing through RL this current develops a voltage
corresponding to that shown waveform (5). Since current flows through the load (RL)
during both half cycles of the applied voltage, this bridge rectifier is a full-wave
rectifier.

One advantage of a bridge rectifier over a conventional full-wave rectifier is that

with a given transformer the bridge rectifier produces a voltage output that is nearly
twice that of the conventional full-wave circuit.

This may be shown by assigning values to some of the components shown in views A
and B. assume that the same transformer is used in both circuits. The peak voltage
developed between points X and y is 1000 volts in both circuits. In the conventional
full-wave circuit shown—in view A, the peak voltage from the center tap to either X or
Y is 500 volts. Since only one diode can conduct at any instant, the maximum voltage
that can be rectified at any instant is 500 volts.

The maximum voltage that appears across the load resistor is nearly-but never
exceeds-500 v0lts, as result of the small voltage drop across the diode. In the bridge

Dept. of E & C viii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

rectifier shown in view B, the maximum voltage that can be rectified is the full
secondary voltage, which is 1000 volts. Therefore, the peak output voltage across the
load resistor is nearly 1000 volts. With both circuits using the same transformer, the
bridge rectifier circuit produces a higher output voltage than the conventional full-wave
rectifier circuit.

3.7.2.3 IC VOLTAGE REGULATORS

Voltage regulators comprise a class of widely used ICs. Regulator IC

units contain the circuitry for reference source, comparator amplifier, control device,
and overload protection all in a single IC. IC units provide regulation of either a fixed
positive voltage, a fixed negative voltage, or an adjustably set voltage. The regulators
can be selected for operation with load currents from hundreds of milli amperes to tens
of amperes, corresponding to power ratings from milli watts to tens of watts.

Dept. of E & C ix MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

Fig 3.2 Circuit diagram (Power supply)

A fixed three-terminal voltage regulator has an unregulated dc input voltage, Vi,

applied to one input terminal, a regulated dc output voltage, Vo, from a second
terminal, with the third terminal connected to ground.

The series 78 regulators provide fixed positive regulated voltages from 5 to 24

volts. Similarly, the series 79 regulators provide fixed negative regulated voltages from
5 to 24 volts.

 For ICs, microcontroller, LCD --------- 5 volts

 For alarm circuit, op-amp, relay circuits ---------- 12 volts

Dept. of E & C x MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

4) CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Dept. of E & C xi MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

Fig 4.1

Dept. of E & C xii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

Fig 4.2 POWER SUPPLY

Dept. of E & C xiii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

5) CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

The overall circuit is constructed by digital principle. The circuit consists of

digital IC’s and some discrete components.

5.1 LASER SOURCE CIRCUIT

Here for simplicity we can use 4.5 V operated RUBY LASER as laser

source. For net effect we mirror assembly. The RUBY LASER range is about

3 to 5 km meters.

5.2 LASER SENSOR CIRCUIT

The laser detector circuit consists of a photo diode. In normal laser beam

falls on photo diode hence its resistance low and transistor T1 will conduct and

hence no gate pulse at SCR. If someone cut laser, at that time photo diode

resistance increase and T1 will not conduct and thus and T1 will not conduct

and thus a positive pulse at gate of SCR.

SCR is silicon controlled rectifier. It on, if once a triggering pulse at its

gate terminal. The Anode is connected to relay coils. Thus if laser beam will

cut relay will on.

Here 12V/2C relay is used. One contact for buzzer and other for output

relay driver circuits.

Dept. of E & C xiv MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

5.3 ALARM

Here for audio indication use alarm. Here 12V piezo buzzer is used. If a

theft vehicle passes check post at that time the buzzer inside control room will

produce a sound. For this purpose we can use a 12V Piezo electric buzzer.

This contains a piezo-electric crystal. The crystal is so cut that the

natural frequency lies between 1 and 2 KHz. In order to oscillate this crystal at

this frequency it is necessary to apply the same frequency between the opposite

faces. This crystal is stamped to a thin metal film. This metal film is mounted

on a plastic or acrylic enclosure, which produce a sufficient air column.

Whenever the buzzer is vibrating in its natural frequency the metal film will

also vibrate which results in an air column vibration or simply the audible

sound.

Since the user do not know the exact natural frequency it is impossible to

vibrate the crystal efficiently. Hence the manufactures introduced an LC

oscillator along with a transistor inside the enclosure. The natural frequency of

the LC tank circuit is so calibrated that it will be exactly same as the natural

frequency of the crystal. This internal oscillator will contain a BC 547

transistor with the above LC circuit connected at its collector. The crystal is

also connected in parallel to this LC circuit. There is feedback element, which

is also stamped in the metal frame. When the metal frame vibrates this

feedback element will also vibrate producing an electrical voltage in the same

frequency. Out of the two terminals one is connected to the positive rail,

which is common to the above circuit, and the other is connected to the base of

the transistor via a current limiting resistor. This arrangement will keep the

oscillation from damping resulting in a continuous sound.

Dept. of E & C xv MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

The entire arrangement will reduce the cost, weight and the external circuitries. Hence
the user is supposed to connect only a DC voltage across the two wires, which are
leading out from the enclosure. One of this is connected to the emitter of the transistor.
This must be connect to the negative terminal of the battery while the other one to the
positive terminal. This is why because this addition, there is an advantage that the
working voltage lays between a wide range of 1.5V and 27 volts.

5.4 AUTO-TELEPHONE DIAL UP CIRCUIT

The auto-dial-up circuit of three relay sections. One for hook-ups redial

and third for message player on function. The relay driver transistor BC 547

Base 6 connected to output relay contact via 1K limiting resistor. The emitter

is connected to ground and collector is connected to one relay coil terminal.

The second relay coil is connected to direct +12V DC.

A relay is an electromagnetic switch. It consists of common (com),

normally open (N/O) and normally closed (N/C) contacts. Here 12V/IC/600

ohm relay is used. The diode connected across relay coils is used to protect,

driver transistor from high back emf from relay coils.

The relay contacts is connected to telephone instrument, hook-up

switch, redial buttons. The telephone is direct connected to land phone line.

5.5 MASTER LIGHT CONTROL CIRCUIT

The master light switch on circuit consist of a relay driver circuit. A

relay is an electromagnetic switch. It consists of common (com), normally

Dept. of E & C xvi MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

open (N/O) and normally closed (N/C) contacts. Here 12V/IC/600 ohm relay

is used. The diode connected across relay coils is used to protect, driver

transistor from high back emf from relay coils.

Here 12V/IC relay is used. The relay N/O and common contact is

connected to master switch connection. Use high current rating contact relay

fro in this circuit.

5.6 PASSWORD SWITCH CIRCUIT

In this password switch is used to reset circuit. Here 3, 8-way number dip

switches are used. The password number arranged on baises of switch wiring.

5.7 POWER SUPPLY SECTION

5.7.1 INTRODUCTION

The present section introduces the operation of power supply circuits built using
filters, rectifiers, and then voltage regulators. Starting with an ac voltage, a steady dc
voltage is obtained by rectifying the ac voltage, then filtering to a dc level, and finally,
regulating to obtain a desired fixed dc voltage. The regulation is usually obtained from
an IC voltage regulator unit, which takes a dc voltage and provides a somewhat lower

Dept. of E & C xvii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

dc voltage, which remains the same even if the input dc voltage varies, or the output
load connected to the dc voltage changes.

Transformer Rectifier Filter IC regulator Load

Fig 5.1

A block diagram containing the parts of a typical power supply and the voltage
at various points in the unit is shown in Fig 5.1. The ac voltage, typically 120 V rms, is
connected to a transformer, which steps that ac voltage down to the level for the desired
dc output. A diode rectifier then provides a full-wave rectified voltage that is initially
filtered by a simple capacitor filter to produce a dc voltage. This resulting dc voltage
usually has some ripple or ac voltage variation. A regulator circuit can use this dc input
to provide a dc voltage that not only has much less ripple voltage but also remains the
same dc value even if the input dc voltage varies somewhat, or the load connected to
the output dc voltage changes. This voltage regulation is usually obtained using one of a
number of popular voltage regulator IC units.

5.7.2 IC VOLTAGE REGULATORS

Voltage regulators comprise a class of widely used ICs. Regulator IC units

contain the circuitry for reference source, comparator amplifier, control device, and
overload protection all in a single IC. Although the internal construction of the IC is
somewhat different from that described for discrete voltage regulator circuits, the
external operation is much the same. IC units provide regulation of either a fixed
positive voltage, a fixed negative voltage, or an adjustably set voltage.

Dept. of E & C xviii MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

A power supply can be built using a transformer connected to the ac supply line
to step the ac voltage to a desired amplitude, then rectifying that ac voltage, filtering
with a capacitor and RC filter, if desired, and finally regulating the dc voltage using an
IC regulator. The regulators can be selected for operation with load currents from
hundreds of milli amperes to tens of amperes, corresponding to power ratings from mill
watts to tens of watts.

5.7.2.1 THREE-TERMINAL VOLTAGE REGULATORS

Fig shows the basic connection of a three-terminal voltage regulator IC to a

load. The fixed voltage regulator has an unregulated dc input voltage, Vi, applied to one
input terminal, a regulated output dc voltage, Vo, from a second terminal, with the third
terminal connected to ground. For a selected regulator, IC device specifications list a
voltage range over which the input voltage can vary to maintain a regulated output
voltage over a range of load current. The specifications also list the amount of output
voltage change resulting from a change in load current (load regulation) or in input
voltage (line regulation).

5.7.2.2 Fixed Positive Voltage Regulators

IN OUT
7805
GND
From
Transformer
secondary

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

GND

Fig 5.2

The series 78 regulators provide fixed regulated voltages from 5 to 24 V. Figure

shows how one such IC, a 7812, is connected to provide voltage regulation with output
from this unit of +12V dc. An unregulated input voltage Vi is filtered by capacitor C1
and connected to the IC’s IN terminal. The IC’s OUT terminal provides a regulated +
12V which is filtered by capacitor C2 (mostly for any high-frequency noise). The third
IC terminal is connected to ground (GND). While the input voltage may vary over some
permissible voltage range, and the output load may vary over some acceptable range,
the output voltage remains constant within specified voltage variation limits. These
limitations are spelled out in the manufacturer’s specification sheets. A table of positive
voltage regulated ICs is provided in table 5.1.

TABLE 5.1 Positive Voltage Regulators in 7800 series

IC Output Minimum Vi
Part Voltage (V) (V)
7805 +5 7.3
7806 +6 8.3
7808 +8 10.5
7810 +10 12.5
7812 +12 14.6
7815 +15 17.7
7818 +18 21.0
7824 +24 27.1

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

6) OPERATION OF SYSTEM

In normal Laser beam falls on photo diode hence T1 will conduct and

output relay will switch off.

If someone cut laser beam T2 cut-off and SCR on and output relay will

active and buzzer product loud sound and Auto-dial up circuit relay will active

and hook-up telephone, then redial.

The master light relay will on and all lights connected to master switch

on.

The circuit is reset only after entering correct 3-digit passwords to key

boards dip-switch. For uninterrupted operation of circuit use a 12V

rechargeable battery.

Dept. of E & C xxi MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

7) PCB LAYOUT

Fig 7.1

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

7.1 PCB DESIGN

Designing of PCB is a major step in the production of PCB . It forms a distinct

factor in electronic performance and reliability. The productivity of a PCB, its
assembly and service ability also depends on the design.

The designing of a PCB consists of designing of the layout followed by the preparation
of the artwork. The layout should include all the relevant aspects an details of the PCB
design while the art work preparation brings it to the form required for the production
process. The layout can be designed with the help of any one of the standard layout
edition software such as Eagle, Orcad or Edwin XP. Hence a concept, clearly defining
all the details of the circuits and partly of the equipment, is a prerequisite and the actual
layout can start. Depending on the accuracy required, the artwork might be produced a
1:1 or 2:1 even 4:1 scale. It is best prepared on a 1:1 scale.

7.2 PCB Fabrication

PCB fabrication involves the following steps.

1) First the layout of the PCB is generated using the software ORCAD. First step
involves drawing the circuit CIS which is a section of ORCAD. Then the layout is
obtained using layout plus. This layout is printed on a paper.

2) This printed layout is transferred to a Mylar sheet and touched with black ink.

3) The solder side of the Mylar sheet is placed on the shining side of the copper board
and is placed in a frame. It is than exposed to sunlight, with the Mylar sheet facing the
sunlight.

4) The exposed copper board is put in hydrogen peroxide solution. It is then put in hot
water; shook till unexposed region becomes transparent.

5) This is put in cold water and then the rough side is struck in to the skill screen. This
is then pressed and dried well.

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

6) The plastic sheet of the five - star is removed leaving the pattern on the screen.

7) A copper clad sheet is cut to the size and cleaned. This is then placed under the
screen.

8) Acid resist ink is spread on the screen, So that the pattern of the tracks and pad is
obtained on the copper clad sheet. It is dried.

9) The dried sheet is then etched using ferric chloride solution till all the unwanted
copper is etched away.

10) The unwanted resist ink is removed using sodium hydroxide solution, holes are then
drilled.

11) The components are soldered neatly on the board without dry soldering.

7.3 SOLDERING

7.3.1 MAKING SOLDERED JOINTS

Hold the soldering iron like a pen near the base of the handle. Touch the
soldering iron into the joint to be made. Feed the little solder on the joint, remove the
solder, then the iron, while keeping the joint still. Input the joint closely and should
have a volcano shape. Some components such as transistors can be damaged by, when
soldering. It is wise to use a heat sink dipped to the lead between the joints and
components body. Some components require special case when soldering.

7.3.2 SOLDER

It is an alloy of tin and lead, typically 60% tin and 40% lead. It meets at a
temperature of 200 degree Celsius. Coating a surface with solder is called tinning,
because of the tin content of the solder. Lead is poisonous and one should always wash
hand after using solder. Solder for electronics use contain tiny cores of flux like the
wires inside the main flux. The flux is corrosive like an acid and it cleans the metal
surface as the solder melts. That is why one must itself melt the solder actually on this

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

joints not on the iron tip without flux must joint would fails because metals quickly
oxidize and the metal and the solder itself will not flow properly on to a dirty oxidized
metal surface.

7.3.3 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Never touch the element or tip of the soldering iron. There must be great care to
avoid touching the main flux with the top of the iron. Always return the soldering iron
to its stand when it is not in use, allow the joints a minute or so to cool down before you
touch them. The smoke formed as you melt solder is mostly from on the flux and quite
irritating. Avoid this by working in a well ventilated area. Since solder contains lead,
wash your hands after using solder. Most burns from soldering are likely to be minor
and treatment is simple. Immediately cool the affected area until gentle running cold
water. Do not apply any creams or ointments. seek medical attention, if the burn covers
an area bigger than your hand.

7.3.4 PREPARING THE SOLDERING IRON

Place the soldering iron in its stand and plug in dampen sponge in the stand,
wait for a few minutes for the soldering iron to warm up. So that it is ready to melt the
solder wipe the tip of the iron on the damp sponge. Melt a little solder on the top of the
iron.

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

8) COMPONENTS REQUIRED

Photo Diode - LS 4072

SCR - T7404

Laser source

BC 547 - NPN transistor

12V/IC/600 ohm - Relay

12V/2C/600 ohm - Relay

Dip switch - 8 way

IN 4007 diode

1000 MFD/25V Capacitor

Resistors

Capacitors

12V/Piezo buzzer

Tele phone

Transformer 230 V AC/12-0-12V/1A

PCB

Cabinet

Mains Code.

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

9) ADVANTAGES

Following are the advantages of the proposed system:

1.

2.

3.

4.

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

10) DISADVANTAGES

Following are the disadvantages of the proposed system:

1.

2.

3.

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

11) APPLICATIONS

This project can be applied in an efficient manner by introducing some new

techniques along with this system. Following are some of the techniques:

1.

2.

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

12) CONCLUSION

This system is a digital based system. The entire circuit is works on

digital principle. The presented system is a ‘Laser Based security system with

password operation’. This system is very useful in home, Bank, and any other

security applications. The circuit is build around digital principle. In this a

laser net is created. If someone cut laser beam at that time loud alarm will

produced, light on and automatically send a voice message to one telephone

number. This system reset only entering 3 - digit correct password. The

working of this system is very accurate and error free.

Dept. of E & C xxx MZC, Kadammanitta

Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

13) REFERENCE

1. Electronic Devices& Circuits

By: B.L Theraja.

2. Digital Fundamentals.

By Floyd

3. CMOS Data Book.

By BPB Publications.

 http://www.nec.com

 http://www.guide@BZ.com

 http/www.datasheetarchieveve.com

 http://www.ieee.org.discover.com

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Mini Project 2010 Laser Based Security System

Dept. of E & C xxxii MZC, Kadammanitta