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Professional University

TERM PAPER REPORT

ON

(Foundation of Computing)
CSE101
TOPIC
Digital Watch Program
Submitted To:- Submitted by:-

Ms.SUKHDILPREET KAUR Kulbir Singh

Roll No:-R246A17

Regd.
No:10802919
 TABLE OF CONTENT:-

1) Introduction
2) Proposed System
a) Description
b) System Required
3) Requirement Analysis
4) System Design
5) Source Code
6) Test line
7) Future Source Of Project
 I VINAY student of B.Tech(CSE)-MBA Ist
term expressing my deep gratitude to my
Physics teacher “Ms. SHALLY”. I am very
much thankful to her. I benefited a lot
discussing with her.

I am also thankful to my parents who

encouraged me and provided such a
motivation, so I became able to perform
this.

I am also thankful to all my friends and

those who helped me directly or indirectly
in completion of my project.

Kulbir Singh
B.Tec
h(CSE)MBA

R246A17
INTRODUCTION:-
Since the advent of electronic watches that incorporate small computers,
digital displays have also been available. A digital display simply shows the
time as a number, e.g., 12:40 AM instead of a short hand pointing towards
the number 12 and a long hand pointing towards the number 8 on a dial.

The first digital watch, a Pulsar prototype in 1970, was developed jointly by
Hamilton Watch Company and Electro-Data. John Bergey, the head of
Hamilton's Pulsar division, said that he was inspired to make a digital
timepiece by the then-futuristic digital clock that Hamilton themselves made
for the 1968 science fiction film 2001: A Space Odyssey. On April 4, 1972
the Pulsar was finally ready, made in 18-carat gold and sold for $2,100 at
retail. It had a red light-emitting diode (LED) display. Another early digital
watch innovator, Roger Riehl's Synchronar Mark 1, provided an LED
display and used solar cells to power the internal nicad batteries.[8]

Despite these many advances, almost all watches with digital displays are
used as timekeeping watches. Expensive watches for collectors rarely have
digital displays since there is little demand for them. Less craftsmanship is
required to make a digital watch face and most collectors find that analog
dials (especially with complications) vary in quality more than digital dials
due to the details and finishing of the parts that make up the dial (thus
making the differences between a cheap and expensive watch more evident).

Digital watches are of two types:-

1) 12hr. Digital watch

2) 24hr. Digital watch
PROPOSED SYSTEM:-
System Required:- Pentism 2 300 MHz

60MB RAM

10 GB Hard Disk

14 inch CRT

Keyboard

Mouse
Requirement Analysis:-
This term has many different meanings. system analysis is an explicit
formal inquiry carried out to help someone (referred to as the decision
maker) identify a better course of action and make a better decision than he
might otherwise have made. The characteristic attributes of a problem
situation where systems analysis is called upon are complexity of the issue
and uncertainty of the outcome of any course of action that might reasonably
be taken. Systems analysis usually has some combination of the following:
identification and re-identification) of objectives, constraint and alternative
courses of action; examination of the probable consequences of the
alternatives in terms of costs, benefits, and risks; presentation of the results
in a comparative framework so that the decision maker can make an
informed choice from among the alternatives. The typical use of systems
analysis is to guide decisions on issues such as national or corporate plans
and programs, resource use and protection policies, research and
development in technology, regional and urban development, educational
systems, and other social services. Clearly, the nature of these problems
requires an interdisciplinary approach. There are several specific kinds or
focuses of systems analysis for which different terms are used: A systems
analysis related to public decisions is often referred to as a POLICY
ANALYSIS. A systems analysis that concentrates on comparison and
ranking of alternatives on basis of their known characteristics is referred to
as decision analysis.

We must carefully decide the following at this stage:-

1) What kind of data will go on?

2) What kind of output are needed?

3) What are the constraints and condition under which the program has
to operate?
System design:-
Systems design is the process or art of defining the
architecture, component modules, interfaces, and data for a
system to satisfy specified requirements. One could see it as
the application of systems theory to product development.
There is some overlap and synergy with the disciplines of
systems analysis, systems architecture and systems
engineering.

System design is the foundation for a good program and is

therefore an important part of program development cycle.
Before coding a program , the program should be well
conceived and all aspects of the program design should be
considered in details.

Program design is basically concerened with the

development of a strategy to be used in writing the program,
in order to achieve the solution of a problem. This includes
mapping out a solution procedure and the form the program
would take . The program design involves the following four
stages:

1. Problem analysis.

2. Outlining the program structure.

3. Algorithm development.

4. Selection of control structures.

SOURCE CODE:-
#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<dos.h>

void main()

{ int h,m,s,f;

char ap='a';

clrscr();

printf("1. 12 hour clock.");

printf("\n2. 24 hour clock.");

printf("\nEnter Choice? ");

scanf("%d",&f);

switch(f)

case 1:

label1:

for(h=0;h<12;h++)

{
for(m=0;m<60;m++)

for(s=0;s<60;s++)

delay(1000);

clrscr();

if(h==0)

printf("12 : %d : %d %cm",m,s,ap);

else

printf("%d : %d : %d %cm",h,m,s,ap);

if(ap=='a')

ap='p';

else

ap='a';

goto label1;

}
 case 2:

for(h=0;h<24;h++)

for(m=0;m<60;m++)

for(s=0;s<60;s++)

delay(1000);

clrscr();

printf("%d : %d : %d",h,m,s);

break;

default:

printf("Invalid Choice? ");

getch();

}
Output
Enter the choice
1)12hrs
2)24hrs

Test Line:-
By now we must be aware that C has certain features that are easily
ammenable to bugs. Added to this, it does not check all kinds of run time
errors. It is therefore, advisable to keep track of such errors and to see that
these known errors are not present in the program. This section examines
some of the more common mistakes that a less experienced C programmer
could make :-.

1) Missing Semicolon

2) Missing Braces

3) Missing Quotes

4) Misusing Quotes

5) Improper Comment Characters

6) Undeclared Variables

7) Forgetting the precedence of Operator

8) Ignoring the order of Evaluation of Increament/Decreament operator

9) Forgetting to declare function parameter

10) Missing & operator in scanf parameters

 11) Forgetting a space for null character in a string

12) Missing Indirection and address operator

These are the some errors which creates the problem during compilation of
program. These errors are removed with the help of Testing and Debugging.
It refers to the tasks of detecting and removing errors in a program, so that
the program produces that desired results on all occasions. Every
programmer should be aware of the fact that rarely does a program run
perfectly the first time. No matter how thoroughly the design is carried out,
and no matter how much care is taken in coding, one can never say that the
program would be 100% error free. It is therefore necessary to detect, isolate
and correct any errors.

Future Source of Project:-

1) Programming in ANSI C 4E E Balaguruswamy

2) Programming with TURBO C Ashok N. Kamthane

3) Learn Programming in C Sukhdilpreet kaur