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1) Present proposal: For fresh sanction/ renewal/ enhancement of facilities listed below:
(Rs in lacs)
Facility Details Existing Limit Proposed Limit Net Change
Cash Credit 0.00 300.00 +300.00
LCBD 500.00 500.00 --
LC cum BG Limit 0.00 500.00 +500.00
Total Exposure 500.00 1300.00 +800.00
Nature of Request: M/s. Uttam Bharat Electricals P Ltd is enjoying LCBD Limit of
Rs.500.00 lacs with us and Working capital Limits with Syndicate Bank. The company is
in the process of enhancing the limit. Hence, asked for our offer on CC and LC cum BG
Limits. The company is dealing with us for the last two years and no bill are overdue. We
have also approached number of times to the company for working capital limits. Now,
company has requested for our offer.
The company has also been rated as SE 1A (Highest Performance Capabilities and High
Financial Strengths) by CRISIL as on December 2008.
Security:
Primary Security:
Hypothecation of the current assets of the company comprising of stocks of raw material,
work in progress, finished goods, book debts and other current assets on paripassu with
Syndicate Bank
Collateral Security:
Equitable Mortgage of Factory Land & Building at Plot No B-189 (A) Road No. 411.00 lacs
9-F, VKI Area, Jaipur appx market valuation in paripassu with Syndicate Bank
Equitable Mortgage of Industrial Land & Building of the company situated at 365.00 lacs
VKI Area, Jaipur appx market valuation in paripassu with Syndicate Bank
Our Proportionate share on CC+LC cum BG Limit 238.70 lacs
1
Guarantees: Personal Guarantees of all the promoters Directors
2) Brief Background:
I) Company / Promoters:
M/s Uttam Bharat Electricals P Ltd was incorporated on 10-05-1991 with a motive to
manufacture Power & Distribution Transformers. The company is one of the oldest suppliers
of Power Transformers for Sub Station requirement and Distribution Transformers for City /
Town / Village requirements.
Initially, M/s Uttam Bharat Electricals, a partnership firm, was established by Mr Purshottam
Agrawal in the year 1983, which was later on converted into company in 1991. Present
Directors of the company Mr Alok Agrawal, Mr Atul Agrawal and Mr Akhil Agrawal possess
25 years of rich experience in manufacturing the transformers. They are having strong
liason with officials of transmission companies, thus, success rate of the company in winning
the bids are very high, which is implied through Sales of the company in previous years.
M/s Uttam Bharat Electricals P Ltd always participates in bidding the tenders. The company
is regular supplier of state electricity board since inception 1991. Company’s product quality
is accepted. Company manufacturers Power and Distribution Transformers as specified in
tenders issued by RRVPNL, PSEB. Its product is tested and approved by Government
Electrical Engineers. Supply of quality products and completion of tenders with in the
prescribed time frame has received confidence.
The company is also engaged in repair & maintenance of Power & Distribution transformers.
These maintenance works are also allotted by state electricity companies through tenders,
in which M/s Uttam Bharat Electricals P Ltd also participates.
Company has Designing, Testing and R & D Teams to cater the demand of customers.
Products are tested by Government officials and in Government Approved Laboratory.
II) Business:
Raw Material: Aluminum & Copper Wires, Transformer Cores, High & Low Tension Aluminum
& Copper Transformer Coils and other Insulation material
In addition to above, CRGO sheet is also required for Manufacturing of Transformers, which
is imported from USA, Japan and Europe.
Customers: 70% of company’s sales are to government entities and 30% of sales go
towards turnkey projects, commercials projects and are used in all kinds of industries.
The company supplies around 15-20 government entities in north and west India as well.
These sales are on tender basis The Company is one of the approved suppliers of State
Electricity Companies: Sales of the company depend upon Tenders issued by these
companies. Tenders are issued as per requirement of electricity transmission companies for
supply of transformers.
M/s Uttam Bharat Electricals P Ltd always participates in bidding the tenders. The company
is regular supplier of state electricity board since inception 1991. Company’s product quality
is accepted. Company manufacturers Power and Distribution Transformers as specified in
tenders issued by RRVPNL, PSEB. Its product is tested and approved by Government
Electrical Engineers. Supply of quality products and completion of tenders with in the
prescribed time frame has received confidence.
III) Industry:
3
The electrical equipment industry comprises several products such as transformers,
switchgears, motors, generators and control equipment. Large players also earn revenues
from erection of equipment and execution of turnkey projects. Electrical equipment is not
only used in the power supply industry [generation and transmission and distribution (T&D)]
but also in other manufacturing industries such as automobiles, cement, steel,
petrochemicals and refining.
The main buyers of electrical equipment are power utilities such as state electricity boards
(SEBs), National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), Power Grid Corporation, Tata Power,
and Reliance Energy Ltd (REL). Other manufacturing companies also purchase electrical
equipment, but in lesser volumes.
The supply of electrical equipment to power utilities and industrial undertakings is usually
done through competitive bidding. In view of the slowdown in investments in 2000-01 and
2001-02, there was intense competition, and hence, significant pricing pressure. However,
with the expected revival in investments in both the industrial and power sector over the
short-to-medium term, this pressure is expected to ease.
In 2007-08, the size of the electrical equipment industry stood at Rs 390 billion. The
industry grew at 15 per cent, marginally lower than 2006-07 (15.5 per cent). In 2008-09,
revenues are estimated to be around 15 per cent due to the expected growth in industrial
production and investments, especially in the power T&D sector.
Ratios
Particulars Rs in lacs
Net Sales 5599.65
Net profit 84.57
Sales Growth
(Rs.in lacs)
Year Net Sales Growth in Net Sales (%) PBDIT Margin (%)
2007-08 6454.55 73.99 % 15.52 %
2006-07 3709.63 10.78 % 11.95 %
2005-06 3348.65 60.62 % 5.05 %
The company has recorded robust performance during 2007-08. Net Sales of the company
as at 31-03-2008 was Rs.6454.55 lacs as against previous year net sales of Rs.3709.63 lacs
as at 31-03-2007, thereby registered growth of 73.99% during 2007-08.
During 2005-06 the company undertook Capex and increased its production capacity of
Transformers from 336000 to 504000, which resulted into participation of additional tenders
and execution thereof, which boosted net sales during 2005-06.
Financial year 2007-08 was also remarkable year for the company and on account of better
utilization of capacity it could operate at maximum production level. The company also
bagged additional orders against increased requirement of other state governments such as
Punjab, UP, Bihar etc under Rural Electrification Project. The company also started supplying
Transformer to Turnkey Project Executants such as Genus Power & Infrastructure Ltd and
Vestas Wind Technology India P Ltd. This resulted in achievement of unprecedented growth.
In addition to supply of transformers, company also undertakes Repair & Maintenance Work
for State Electricity Companies through Government Tenders. Company has to repair the
burnt transformers and maintain the same for 5 years. These works are also allotted
through Tenders Process.
The company has established its name by supplying quality products and successful
completion of Repairing and Maintenance contracts of Transformers. Therefore, company
has recorded unprecedented growth.
5
PBDIT margin of the company has also improved substantially during last three years. It
has jumped from 5.05% as at 31-03-2006 to 15.52% as at 31-03-2008 on account of
improvement in production process and controlling Administrative Expenses.
The company has estimated net sales of Rs.6765.00 lacs during current year. Company has
also intimated that they have already registered net sales of Rs.5599.64 lacs as at 31-12-
2008 and are having orders worth Rs.4000.00 lacs in hand. Looking at the order book
position and performance of the company, we may accept the estimated sales.
Net profit:
The company registered net profit of Rs.580.00 lacs as on 31-03-2008 as against previous
year net profit of Rs.228.73 lacs. The company has also registered improvement in net
profit margin from 6.17% to 8.99%. The company also registered improvement in PBDIT
margin from 12.21% to 15.64% on account of improvement in production process and
controlling administrative expensive. During current year the company has estimated net
profit of Rs.580.46 lacs, which is in tune with previous year growth, which we may accept.
Current Ratio:
Current Ratio of the company is at 1.46 as on 31-03-2008 as against previous year ratio at
1.19 as at 31-03-2007. Ratio is estimated to improve to 1.69 as on 31-03-2009, it is well
above our bench mark level.
TOL/TNW:
TOL/TNW ratio of the company as on 31-03-2008 was 2.20 as against level of 4.83 as on
31-03-2007. The company has shown improvement in ratio due to plough back of entire
profit. Ratio is further estimated at 1.57 as on 31-03-2009 and at 1.07 as on 31-03-2010.
Improvement in ratio is expected on account of improvement in tangible net worth.
The overall financial position of the company is considered acceptable for the credit facilities
proposed.
4) Compliances:
6
Conduct of the account:
Conduct of the account is satisfactory. No Bills under LC has been overdue / delayed till
date.
The demand for the T&D networks and power equipments would remain intact due to multiple
reasons over the next five years like:
Ongoing power sector reforms initiated by Govt of India
‘Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidhyutikarn Yojna (RGGVY)’
Notification of National Electricity Policy (2005)
Rural Electrification Policy (2006)
Demand for power T&D devices is expected to grow at a CAGR of 12-15 per cent due to the
higher off-take expected from transmission and distribution (T&D) companies, which in turn
depends on successful implementation of the ongoing power sector reforms. The set up of the
National Grid and inter state connectivity in the 11th plan would be strong demand drivers.
With the government`s focus on power sector reforms aimed at increasing power-
generation capacity and improving efficiency in the T&D business, implementation of these
reforms will affect the industry positively.
In view of the government measures, demand of Power & Distribution Transformers will
continue to increase.
7
Alok Agrawal, Mr Atul Agrawal and Mr Akhil Agrawal is also available. Hence structural risk
is medium
7) Security offered:
External Rating (if any) along with details of rating agency and history of external
ratings:
9) Recommendations:
The company was incorporated in the year 1991 and with presence of over 17
years in the manufacturing of power and distribution transformers, it has grown
into a valued vendor to electricity board, turnkey project builders, and other
government departments.
The company has production capacity of 504000 KVA per annum.
Promoters are into this activity since 1985
Company has been rated as SE 1A – indicating Highest Performance
Capability and High Financial Strength by CRISIL as on December 2008.
Internal Rating IB 2.
Strength of the proposal are as under:
STRENGTHS:
9
14)The company is able to pass on raw material prices increases to customers, thus
shielding its margin from raw material price volatility.
15)Well defined organizational structure coupled with qualified and experienced second
tier management that has decision making powers.
16) Good Profitability as reflected in operating margins of 15.64% and
net margin of 8.99% and return on Capital Employed of 70.75% during
2007-08.
17) Strong credit protection measured reflecting TOL/TNW Ratio of 2.20,
interest coverage ratio of 9.50 and total debt / net cash accruals of 1.25 and
DSCR of 6.61 as at 31-03-2008.
18) Good Liquidity as reflected in current ratio at 1.46 as on 31-03-2008.
19) Good Working capital management as reflected in receivables at 43
days, inventory at 88 days and payables at 48 days, thereby net operating
cycle of 83 days as on March 2008
10
ANNEXURE I
1. Basic Information:
Parameter Details
1 Name of entity Uttam (Bharat) Electricals P Ltd
2 Constitution Private Limited Company
2. Management:
The company has been enjoying following credit facilities with our Bank:
(Rs in lacs)
O/S
Facility Limit Irregularity Exposure
06-02-2009
Sales Bill Discounting under LC 500.00 91.57 Nil 500.00
Total Exposure 500.00 91.57 Nil 500.00
11
History of limits:
(Rs. in lacs)
Date of
Whether
last Nature of
S. No renewal / Limit Sanctioning Authority
sanction / Facility
enhancement
Renewal
Corporate Office Credit
1 14-08-2007 Fresh Sanction LCBD Limit 500.00
Committee
Corporate Office Credit
2 28-11-2008 Renewal LCBD Limit 500.00
Committee
Collateral security:
1. Equitable Mortgage of Factory Land & Building at Plot No B-189 (A) Road No. 9-F,
VKI Area, Jaipur
2. Equitable Mortgage of Industrial Land & Building of the company situated at VKI
Area, Jaipur
6. MPBF CALCULATION
(Rs. in lacs)
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
AUDITED AUDITED AUDITED Estimated Projected
Holding Level
Raw Materials (Amount) 287.96 364.05 667.41 757.00 900.00
[Months consumption] 1.26 1.41 1.58 1.77 1.97
Work in Progress (Amount) 33.68 45.12 239.64 250.00 275.00
[Months cost of production] 0.14 0.17 0.56 0.55 0.57
Finished Goods (Amount) 189.21 385.6 345.01 355.00 380.00
[Months cost of goods sold] 0.76 1.5 0.8 0.78 0.79
Domestic Receivables 570.13 733.53 881.84 1315.00 1555.00
[ Months Domestic Sales] 1.96 2.03 1.43 2.05 2.28
Other Current Assets (Amount) 160.65 197.47 398.24 553.92 710.90
Total Current Assets (A) 1241.63 1725.77 2532.14 3230.92 3820.90
Sundry Creditors (Amount) 653.92 572.81 713.42 500.00 450.00
[Months Purchases] 2.8 2.16 1.6 1.15 0.96
Other Current Liabilities
178.89 350.29 515.56 510.89 546.32
(Amount)
Total Current Liabilities
832.81 923.1 1228.98 985.89 966.32
(excluding Bank Bor) (B)
Assessment
Working Capital Gap (A-B) (C) 408.82 802.67 1303.16 2245.03 2854.58
Minimum Stipulated NWC (D) 310.41 431.44 633.04 807.73 955.23
Actual / Projected NWC (E) 170.16 288.61 800.07 1345.03 1954.58
13
MPBF (C-D) or (C-E) whichever is
98.41 371.23 503.09 900 900
lower
Excess Borrowings 140.25 142.83 0 0 0
Raw materials:
Raw material holding level of firm as on 31-03-2008 was 1.58 months as against previous year
level of 1.41 months. It is estimated at 1.77 months as on 31-03-2009. Raw materials of the
company are Copper & Aluminum Wires, Conductors, Rods and Electrical Lamination, which are
purchased in bulk quantities / Full Truck Load to reap advantage of bulk purchase economies. In
view of the above, we may accept.
Work In Progress:
WIP level of the firm was 0.56 month during 2007-08 as against previous year level of 0.17
months during 2006-07. The firm has informed us that it is also supplying Power Transformers to
Turnkey Project Executants in addition to Regular Single Phase and Medium Phase Transformers,
which require additional configuration, hence WIP period during 2007-08 has increased. WIP Level
is estimated at 0.55 month during 2008-09 due to improvement in production process.
Finished Goods:
Finished goods inventory as on 31-03-2008 was 0.80 months as against previous year level of 1.5
months. Finished goods level of the firm is estimated at 0.78 months and 0.79 months during
2008-09 and 2009-10 respectively. Firm’s production is based on Tenders floated by electricity
companies and firm has to supply the transformers immediately, thus, FG holding level is projected
at lower side.
Debtors:
The debtors holding period reduced from 2.03 months as on 31-03-2007 to 1.43 months as on 31-
03-2008 due to better receivable management and realization of government proceeds. Company
has estimated debtor holding period at 2.05 months. Increase in debtor holding period is due to
generalized delay in realization of government bills.
Further, Debtors also included supply to Turnkey project executants under LC, therefore, company
is also availing Sales bill discounting facility under LC.
Sundry Creditors:
Creditor level of the firm is reduced from 2.16 months as on 31-03-2007 to 1.6 months as on 31-
03-2008. Holding level is estimated at 1351 months as on 31-03-2009. Holding level is reduced in
view of availing cash discount offered by suppliers.
MPBF:
The MPBF work out to Rs.900.00 lacs during 2008-09. The company is already enjoying CC Limit of
Rs.600.00 Lacs with Syndicate Bank. Thus, present request for CC Limit of Rs.300.00 lacs under
Multiple Banking is within the MPBF.
The company supplies transformer to electricity board, turnkey project builders, and other
government departments. The average bill amount drawn by the company on its clients
depends on the material supplied. However, the billing ranges from Rs. 50 lacs to Rs.75
lacs. Some of the major buyers of company are: -
Bank Guarantee
The firm is regular supplier of transformers and undertakes repair & maintenance works of
Electricity Companies. These companies issue tenders for supply of Power and Distribution
Transformers and Repair & Maintenance thereof. The firm is one of the approved suppliers
of transformers and regular bidder in the tenders since last 16 years. The firm has to submit
Bank Guarantees for the tenders bidding and onwards performance of orders.
(Rs. in lacs)
Present Outstanding
- Performance 340
- Adv. Payment 0
- Others 0
Total 340
(+) Additional guarantees required in the next one year
Letter of Credit
15
LC Requirement for Purchase of Copper / Aluminum
In view of the above, we propose the Bank Guarantee cum LC Limit of Rs.500.00 Lacs
(100% interchangeability)
16
ANNEXURE II
Output Sheet
(Rs. in
Lacs)
Part A- Operating Profit & Loss account
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Months for compute
(annualisation)
Last year of audited results 2008
31-03- 31-03- 31-03- 31-03- 31-03-
Year ended 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Projections
accepted by
Audited Audited Audited Estimates us
Actual duration of
Accounting Period
(months) 12 12 12 12 12
INCOME
Gross Sales :
Manufacturing - Domestic 3488.70 4332.52 7388.48 9500.00 11000.00
Manufacturing - Exports 274.26 7.82 10.01 10.00 15.00
Manufacturing - Total 3762.96 4340.34 7398.49 9510.00 11015.00
Trading - Domestic 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Trading - Exports 3.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Trading - Total 3.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sub Total - Gross Sales 3766.32 4340.34 7398.49 9510.00 11015.00
17
received
EXPENDITURE
Raw materials consumed -
Imported
Opening Stock 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Add: Purchases 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Less: Closing Stock 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sub Total 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
18
Cost of Production 2924.85 3272.78 5157.87 6836.65 8003.25
19
Profit before Tax but
excluding extraordinary
items 86.17 353.20 886.85 1282.59 1530.60
Net Profit After tax 56.47 228.73 580.00 857.59 1080.60
Cash Profits 64.29 241.23 596.26 887.59 1108.60
Adjusted PAT for the year 56.47 228.73 580.00 857.59 1080.60
(excluding Prior year
items)
Appropriation of Profits:
Dividend:
On Equity Capital 14.46 14.46 14.46 14.46 14.46
On Preference Sh.
Capital 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dividend tax 2.03 2.03 2.46 2.46 2.46
Transfer to/ (from) General
Res. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Other appropriations 0.00 0.00 1.14 0.00 0.00
Partners' withdrawal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Net profit after
appropriations 39.98 212.24 561.94 840.67 1063.68
63.37 275.61 837.55 1678.22
Retained Earnings 39.98 212.24 563.08 840.67 1063.68
BALANCE SHEET
LIABILITIES:
Equity Share Capital
Share Capital (paid-up) 72.28 72.28 72.28 72.28 72.28
Share Application (finalised for
allotment) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
20
Partners / Proprietor's capital 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Balance in P&L Account 63.37 275.61 837.55 1678.22 2741.90
General Reserve 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Revaluation Reserve 36.94 36.94 36.94 36.94 36.94
Share Premium 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Capital subsidy 3.70 3.70 3.70 3.70 3.70
Others 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Term Liabilities:
Secured :
21
Current Liabilities:
ASSETS
Fixed Assets:
22
Investments :
Current Assets
Inventory
Raw Materials - Imported 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Raw Materials - Indigenous 287.96 364.05 667.41 800.00 900.00
Work in process 33.68 45.12 239.64 250.00 260.00
Finished Goods (incl Traded
Goods) 189.21 385.60 345.01 403.00 453.35
Packing Materials/ Stores &
Spares 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Non-current assets:
Investments in Non Current
Assets 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
23
Margin money with banks 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
INR in
Uttam (Bharat) Electricals P Ltd Lacs
Profit & Loss 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Audited Audited Audited Estimates Proj
No of Months 12 12 12 12 12
3, 3, 6, 8, 9,
Revenues 352 718 459 465 922
Growth (%) 11% 74% 31% 17%
2, 3, 5, 6,7 7,
Cost of Goods Sold 975 064 186 54 932
COGS % 89% 82% 80% 80% 80%
Depreciation 8 13 16 30 28
Balance Sheet
1,7 2,
Networth 138 351 914 54 818
Less: Inv in Group Cos 0 0 0 0 0
1,7 2,
Tangible Net Worth 138 351 914 54 818
1,5 1,
Total Debt 264 528 509 00 475
24
- Long term debt 14 6 3 175 135
1, 1,
- Short term debt 250 522 506 325 340
1, 1, 1, 1,3 1,
Other Liabilities 049 166 501 14 327
1, 2, 2, 4, 5,
Total 450 045 924 569 620
1, 1, 2, 2, 2,
Total Outside Liabilities 313 694 011 814 802
TL Installments payable in current
year 12 8 3 25
Ratio Analysis
EBITDA margins 5.05% 11.92% 15.51% 16.85% 16.93%
PAT margins 1.68% 6.15% 8.98% 10.13% 10.89%
0
Gearing (Debt / Tangible Networth) 1.92 1.50 0.56 .86 0.52
1
TOL / TNW 9.55 4.83 2.20 .60 0.99
25
1
Total Debt / EBITDA 1.56 1.19 0.51 .05 0.88
11. 12
Interest Cover (EBITDA) 2.13 5.08 9.43 41 .45
DSCR (PAT+Dep+Intt) / (TL Instt + 7
Intt)) 3.32 6.17 .91 7.77
1
Current Ratio 1.15 1.19 1.46 .70 2.13
26
ANNEXURE III
Score earned by
Max Score for the Rating Grade for
the
Category the Category
Company
Industry Risk 8 5.78 III
Business Risk 8 5.88 III
Financial Risk 8 6.97 II
Management Risk 8 7.22 I
Total 6.5/8
27
ANNEXURE IV
Uttam (Bharat) Electricals P Ltd
Terms and Conditions
28
Asset under LC
Primary Security
Extension of Charge of current assets.
30
ANNEXURE V
INDUSTRY RISK
The electrical equipment industry comprises several products such as transformers,
switchgears, motors, generators and control equipment. Large players also earn revenues from
erection of equipment and execution of turnkey projects. Electrical equipment is not only used
in the power supply industry [generation and transmission and distribution (T&D)] but also in
other manufacturing industries such as automobiles, cement, steel, petrochemicals and refining.
The main buyers of electrical equipment are power utilities such as state electricity boards
(SEBs), National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), Power Grid Corporation, Tata Power, and
Reliance Energy Ltd (REL). Other manufacturing companies also purchase electrical equipment,
but in lesser volumes.
The supply of electrical equipment to power utilities and industrial undertakings is usually done
through competitive bidding. In view of the slowdown in investments in 2000-01 and 2001-02,
there was intense competition, and hence, significant pricing pressure. However, with the
expected revival in investments in both the industrial and power sector over the short-to-
medium term, this pressure is expected to ease.
In 2007-08, the size of the electrical equipment industry stood at Rs 390 billion. The industry
grew at 15 per cent, marginally lower than 2006-07 (15.5 per cent). In 2008-09, revenues are
estimated to be around 15 per cent due to the expected growth in industrial production and
investments, especially in the power T&D sector.
Demand-Supply Gap
Huge investments expected in T&D by various states, the budgetary allocation under the
Accelerated Power Development and Reforms Programme (APDRP) scheme over the medium
term, and the recovery in industrial investments are expected to boost the revenues of electric
equipment manufacturers. This is reflected in the robust order books of players such as Asea
Brown Boveri (ABB) and Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL).
The demand for electrical equipment is likely to increase by around 20 per cent in 2008-09, as
both the central and state governments will focus on improving T&D infrastructure. In the
short-to-medium term, no major electrical equipment capacities are likely to be set up. Players
may optimise their product portfolio through product standardisation and rationalisation of
manufacturing capacity.
Several players such as BHEL, Larsen & Toubro (L&T) and Crompton Greaves are leveraging
their cost-competitiveness to focus on developing export markets in the Middle East, South-East
Asia and Africa. However, over the medium term, exports may stagnate due to oversupply in
the international markets.
Government Policies
The central and state governments have emphasised on reforms in the power sector,
particularly to lessen T&D losses and improve the reliability of T&D infrastructure. In the Union
Budget 2008-09, budgetary support under the APDRP scheme was maintained at Rs 8.0 billion.
Under the scheme, funds are available to states that undertake reforms and efficiency
31
improvement initiatives. A revamp of the existing APDRP is being planned.
The government has proposed to bid projects via the international competitive bidding (ICB)
route. This would improve the pricing power of private sector players, though its
implementation could be delayed. Players have protested against free trade agreements (FTAs)
with Sri Lanka and Bangladesh as these countries have lower import tariffs. However, with the
cost-competitiveness of Indian players having improved over the past 2-3 years and with major
international players marking their presence in the manufacturing segment in the country, the
likelihood of significant pricing pressure is minimal over the medium term.
Input Related Risks
The raw material cost of electrical equipment manufacturers is estimated at 60-70 per cent of
operating income. Primary raw materials include copper, aluminium and steel. While the prices
of steel have increased by 6 per cent over last year, the prices for copper and aluminium have
declined by 5 per cent and 14 per cent, respectively. In 2008-09, prices of aluminium are
expected to be at $2,650-2,750 per tonne, while copper prices are expected to be at $8,000-
8,200 per tonne levels. Duties on aluminium, steel and copper have remained unchanged over
the last year (at 5 per cent).
Moreover, the past 3-4 years have witnessed the majority of electric equipment producers take
measures to optimize raw material consumption and reduce material costs through vendor
rationalization and by improving material management. Raw material costs, as a percentage of
sales, which were rising over the past 3-4 years, declined by 2 per cent last year. Other
expenses such as power and fuel, employee costs, and selling expenses (as a percentage of
sales) have been declining over the past 3-4 years.
Extent of Competition
A few large players such as BHEL, ABB, Alstom, Siemens, and Crompton Greaves dominate the
electrical equipment industry. However, several other small and medium-sized players too
specialize in specific product lines. Moreover, there was severe competition due to a slowdown
in demand in the past 2 years. The growth for 2007-08 was expected to be at 20 per cent, but
the last quarter saw only an 8-9 per cent growth on account of slow capacity additions by
PGCIL. However in 2008-09, the industry is expected to grow at 15 per cent on account of the
government’s focus on T&D.
As technology intensity is not high, the only entry barriers for domestic players are proven
execution skills, design capability and after-sales service. Although huge investments in the
sector and the consequent rise in demand will dilute domestic competition, the reduction in
duties and FTAs will fuel competition from cheaper imports, which will continue to exert
pressure on domestic prices.
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