ABSTRACT

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a new generation of Auto Identification and

Data collection technology which helps to automate business processes and allows identification
of large number of tagged objects like books, using radio waves.

RFID based Library Management system (LMS) would allow fast transaction flow for
the library and will prove immediate and long term benefits to library in traceability and security.

Books selected by the person are identified by the system's built-in RFID reader. And, the
surveillance bit in the book's tag is deactivated by the system. When a book is returned, the
check-in/out system activates the surveillance bit. Most of the library staff's time is spent in
recording information of incoming and outgoing books. Using RFID in libraries saves library
staff's time by atomizing their tasks. An establishment that uses RFID library management saves
a book reader, precious time that he would have been spent, waiting for his turn in a queue for
borrowing or returning a book.

In this project, the RFID module reader typically contains a module (transmitter and
receiver), a control unit and a coupling element (antenna). This module is interfaced with the
micro controller and when the card is brought near to the RFID module it reads the ID CODE in
the card and then compares with the ID CODE of that present in the system and if it matches
then the door gets opened in clockwise direction and the person gets in and after sometime the
door gets automatically closed.

This project uses regulated 5v, 500mA power supply. 7805, a three terminal voltage
regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac
output of secondary of 230/12v step down transformer. The RFID module requires a separate
+5v power supply.

LIST OF FIGURES Page No.

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Fig 1.1 Block diagram of Embedded System 3

Fig1.2 Block Diagram of RFID based LMS 5

Fig 1.3 Schematic of RFID based LMS 7

Fig 2.1 Picture of Micro Controller 9

Fig 2.2 Architecture of micro controller 89S52 11

Fig 2.3 Pin diagram of AT89S52 14

Fig 2.4(a) Oscillator Connections 17

Fig 2.4(b) External Clock Drive Configuration 17
Fig 2.5 RFID System 22
Fig 2.6 RFID Tag 22
Fig 2.7 RFID Reader 24
Fig 2.8 Pin Configuration of MAX 232 27
Fig 2.9 Circuit connections of Max 232 29
Fig 2.10 Max 232 to DB9 interface 29
Fig 2.11(a) Picture of a LCD Display 31

F i g 2 . 1 1 ( b ) Picture of Cross Sectional View of LCD 32

Fig 2.12(a) LCD Pin Description 33

Fig 2.12(b) LCD Interfacing 36

Fig 2.13 Regulated Power Supply 37

Fig 2.14 Step down Transformer 38
Fig 2.15(a) Linear Power Supply 40
Fig 2.15(b) Electrical Transformer 40
Fig 2.15(c) Bridge Rectifier & Operation 41
Fig 2.16 Three Terminal Voltage Regulator 43
Fig 3.1: Picture of Kit when power is off 45

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Fig 3.2 Picture of kit when power is ON 46

Fig 3.3 When choosing a particular option 47

Fig 3.4 When Student ID is placed 47

Fig 3.5 Picture of kit when student is recognized 48

Fig 3.6 Picture of kit when book is placed 48

Fig 3.7 Picture of kit when invalid ID is placed 49

Fig 3.8 Picture of LCD display 49

Fig 4.1 Picture of RS232 Interface 50

Fig 4.2 Picture of RFID Module 50
Fig 4.3 Picture of Micro Controller 50
Fig 4.4: Picture of LCD Display 50
Fig A (i).1 Opening Window of Keil Software 52
Fig A (i).2 Starting a New Project Window 52
Fig A (i).3 Saving Window of the Project 54
Fig A (i).4 Selection of Target Device 54
Fig A (i).5 Selection of Microcontroller Species Window 55
Fig A (i).6 Source Group Window 55
Fig A (i).7 Creating New Program 56
Fig A (i).8 Program Editor Window 56
Fig A (i).9 Extension File name Window 57
Fig A (i).10 Addition of Source Files Window 57
Fig A (i).11 Adding Files for Compiling 58
Fig A (i).12 Compilation Window 58
Fig A (i).13 Program Run Window 59
Fig A (i).14 Selection of I/O ports Window 59
Fig A (i).15 Output Window 60

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 LIST OF TABLES Page No.
2.1 Different Types of Memories 13
2.2 Port 1 Description 15
2.3 Port 3 Description 16
2.4 Interrupts 20
2.5 Pin Description for LCD 33
2.6 LCD Command Codes 35
2.7 Comparison of Rectifier Circuits 39

Abbreviations

Symbol Name
ACC Accumulator
B B register
PSW Program status word
SP Stack pointer
DPTR Data pointer 2 bytes
DPL Low byte

IV
DPH High byte
P0 Port0
P1 Port1
P2 Port2
P3 Port3
IP Interrupt priority control
IE Interrupt enable control
TMOD Timer/counter mode control
TCON Timer/counter control
T2CON Timer/counter 2 control
T2MOD Timer/counter mode2 control
TH0 Timer/counter 0high byte
TL0 Timer/counter 0 low byte
TH1 Timer/counter 1 high byte
TL1 Timer/counter 1 low byte
TH2 Timer/counter 2 high byte
TL2 Timer/counter 2 low byte
SCON Serial control
SBUF Serial data buffer
SC Smart Card
MAX MAXIM (IC manufacturer )
TTL Transistor to Transistor Logic
ATM Automatic Teller Machine
RS 232 Recommended Standard
AC Alternating Current
DC Direct Current

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LCD Liquid Crystal Display
PC Personal Computer
RPS Regulated Power Supply
RMS Root Mean Square
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM
ROM Read Only Memory
RAM Random Access Memory
BIOS Basic Input Output System
SRAM Static RAM
EPROM Erasable Programmable ROM
DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory
ISR Interrupt Service Routine
ICC Integrated Circuit Chip
CAD Card Acceptance Device
IFD Interface Device
IDE Integrated Development Environment

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