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Lowering the Costs of Database Deployments

Oracle Grid 11.2
 Grid 11.2

• Grid 11.2 reduces the costs of deploying and

managing your infrastructure
• Reduces your capital expenditures (CAPEX)
• Servers
• Storage
• Software
• Reduces your operational expenditures (OPEX)
• Data center costs: Power, cooling, floorspace
• Administrative costs
Reducing Costs of Deployments

Low cost servers

Servers
Consolidation

CAPEX Storage
Fewer disks/LUNs

Software
Full Oracle Stack

Data Center
Consolidation

OPEX
Admin
Easy Management
Reducing Costs of Deployments

Low cost servers

Servers
Consolidation

CAPEX Storage
Oracle Real
Software Application Clusters

Data Center
Consolidation

OPEX
Admin
 Consolidation with Grid Computing

Application A Application B Application C Application D Application E

Workload Avg Utilization

<20%
• Take advantage of
complementary
workload peaks

Server A Server B Server C Server D Server E • Higher utilization rates

and efficiency
Virtualization and clustering enable consolidation
• Lower CapEx & OpEx
Oracle Shared Instance

Applications A, B, C, D, E
• Green footprint
Net Avg Utilization
Workload 70%

Freed capacity to
deploy elsewhere
Server A Server B Server C Server D Server E
 Real Application Clusters
Consolidate into low costs servers

HR SALES ERP

• Scale workloads across multiple low cost servers

• Consolidate into fewer servers and databases
• Runs all Oracle database applications
• Built-in HA to support mission critical workloads
 Oracle’s Grid Computing Architecture
4:1 price/performance, unlock Moores law, pay as
you grow
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
IBM Power 595
Server Model
9119-FHA

Cost: SMP $12m

 Oracle’s Grid Computing Architecture
4:1 price/performance, unlock Moores law, pay as
you grow
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
IBM Power 595
Server Model
9119-FHA

Cost: SMP $12m

HP ProLiant
DL580G5

Cost: Cluster $0.30m $0.14m $0.14m

Savings $11.7m $12.5m $11.9m $12.3m $12.1m

PG&E SmartMeter Initiative
Extreme Scalability Challenge
PG&E SmartMeter Initiative
Extreme Scalability Challenge

$5 Million
Annual Savings
 New
RAC-One i
11.2 n

Better Virtualization for Databases

• New single-instance RAC

configuration
• Delivers value of server
virtualization to databases on
physical servers
• Live migration of instances across
servers
• Rolling patches for single instance
databases
• Built-in cluster failover for high
availability
• Online upgrade to RAC
• Standardized deployment across
all Oracle databases
• Complements virtual and physical
servers
 RAC-One: Expands the benefits of VMs to physical hardware

Benefit Server Virtualization RAC One

(Virtual Machine)
Online Load Balancing Yes Yes
HA Server failures only Protects against broad
set of failures
DB Consolidation Yes Yes, with less overhead

OS rolling patches No Yes

DB rolling patches No Yes

Online Scale-up No Yes

Online upgrade to RAC No Yes

Support all platforms No Yes

Standard DB No Yes
deployment model
 Omotion (RAC-One) vs VMotion (VMWare)

Benefit Vmotion RAC-One

Multi-core Limited to 8-cores No server size limits

Ability to handle load Does not work under Works under any load
all loads
Hardware support Does not work Limitation does not
across hardware apply
generations
Overhead More Less

Support for both No Yes

physical & virtual Env.
Fine grained migration OS level only Application-level
RAC-One Deployment

Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
OMotion

Client Connections
Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
OMotion

Client Connections
Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
OMotion

Client Connections
Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
OMotion

Client Connections
Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
OMotion

Client Connections
Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4 DB5

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
 OMotion

• OMotion moves a RAC-One instance from one server

to another—without any downtime
• Use Cases
• Load balancing
• Server/OS patching and maintenance
• Oracle supplied scripts control migration
• Services are not accepting connections on both nodes at the
same time
• Migrated instance shutdown transactional once services
moved
• A maximum of 30 minutes allowed for connections to migrate
(then shutdown abort)
 Rolling Online Patching

• If the patch can be rolling upgraded with RAC then we

can do the same with RAC-One
• Omotion migration followed by patching
• When patching complete, the primary instance is
brought back online and the secondary instance is
shutdown (reverse Omotion)
Cluster Failover

Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
Cluster Failover

Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
Cluster Failover

Server A Server B Server C

DB1 DB2 DB3 DB4

Common Shared Storage

Single Cluster
 Provides benefit to Virtual Servers

• RAC-One can also

complement server
Fusion RAC-One RAC-One Oracle
virtualization Middleware Instance Instance Application
• Cluster failover extends high
availability to virtualized OVM OVM

databases
• Deploy VMs on demand to
create additional servers for
rolling patches
• RAC-One fully supported on
Oracle VM
 Increasing Benefits of Consolidation

DB
OS OS
DB DB DB DB
OS OS OS OS
Storage
Storage Storage Storage Storage

Before Consolidation DB DB DB DB DB Consolidation

OS OS

Storage

DB DB DB DB Storage Consolidation
OS OS
gs
v in
Sa
DB DB DB DB Storage Storage
OS OS OS OS
Storage Storage
i ng
Storage Storage
as
Storage Storage OS Consolidation
c re
Server Consolidation
In
Reducing Costs of Deployments

Servers

CAPEX Storage
Fewer disks/LUNs

Software

Automatic Storage
Management
Data Center
OPEX
Admin
 Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
ASM
Disk Group
The foundation for Grid Storage
• Easier to manage than file systems
ASM Disk
ASM Disk
ASM Disk
ASM Disk
ASM Disk
• Reduces storage costs

• Provides best performance

New
• Stores all data i
11.2 n
 Easier to manage than file systems

• Eliminates need for a cluster volume manager and file

system
• Fewer components to purchase, install, manage, patch,
upgrade
• Automatically creates and manages Oracle files
• Just identify the disks for storage and leave rest to ASM
• Eliminates need to tune storage
• All files distributed across all disks eliminates hot spots
• Data redistributed online when storage added or removed
 Reduces Storage Costs

• Eliminate the need to purchase a 3rd-party volume manager or

file system
• Eliminate the need to overprovision storage
• Can add storage just-in-time (online)
• Reduce number of disks required to meet performance
objectives
• Automatically optimizes storage tuning
• Increase overall utilization of storage via storage pooling
• Eliminate downtime with hot pluggable (rebalanced) storage
• Utilize less expensive storage
• Tiered Storage
• Advanced features eliminate need for high-cost storage cache
 New
Intelligent Data Placement i
11.2 n

• Policy-based file placement for

hot files on high performance
regions of disk Frequently Infrequently
• Classify files as hot or cold for Accessed Accessed
Data Data
placement
• Supports Oracle Exadata
Storage Server
• Save up to 35% on storage
• Increase storage throughput
performance up to 60%
• Use Case: Place file system
data on cold file region
 Provides Best Performance

• ASM provides equivalent ASM

performance to RAW
• Database instance directly
accesses data on disks Non-ASM

Performance
• ASM not in path between
(Gets out of tune in time)
instance and storage
• Sun ASM vs RAW
benchmark
• ASM supported 80% more
throughput with 50%
shorter response
• CERN testing on 11.2 Beta:
“ACFS much faster than TIME
ext3 with comparable or
less CPU usage”
 ASM vs ext3 and OCFS
full scan and index build
speed to perform operation - small is better

900
Full Scan 100G parallel 32
create index parallel 32
800

700

600
ASM has
Best Performance
500
seconds

400

300

200

100

0
ext3 async ext3 directio ocfs directio ocfs direct+async asm async
IO type
Reducing Costs of Deployments

Servers

CAPEX Storage

Software
Full Oracle Stack

Oracle Grid
Data Center
OPEX Infrastructure
Admin
 Oracle Grid Infrastructure

• Standardize infrastructure
software Applications
• Eliminate need for 3rd-party
solutions Middleware
• Targeted at System and
Storage administrators Database
• Includes: EM
• Automatic Storage Oracle Grid Infrastructure
Management (ASM)
• ASM Cluster File System
(ACFS)
• ACFS Snapshots
• Oracle Clusterware
• Cluster Health Manager
 Benefits

• Reduced costs
• Replace existing priced solutions
• $100K for mid-range server*
• $300K for large server*
• Simplified environment for Oracle products
• Less complexity
• One support call
• Fully integrated with Oracle RAC
• Best possible performance

*Estimates
 New
Stores All Data i
11.2 n

Databases Applications File Systems

Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

DB Datafiles OCR and Voting Files Oracle Binaries 3rd

rd Party File Systems

• ASM supports ALL data

• Database files
• File systems: ACFS, 3rd-party file systems
• Shared Clusterware files: OCR and Voting disk now stored in
ASM
 New
ASM Cluster File System i
11.2 n
Oracle Management of File System Data

• Manage both database and file

system data
• Clustered or local file system
• Data stored in ASM
• Inherits all ASM manageability
benefits
• Online disk
add/drop/rebalance
• Integrated mirroring
• Cross-platform Shared File System
• Read-Only Snapshots
• up to 64 point-in-time space
efficient copies of file system
• Linux and Windows only in first
release
 New
ACFS Use Cases i
11.2 n

• Shared Oracle DB home

• Other “file system” data
• External tables, data loads, data
extracts
• BFILES and other data customer
chooses not to store in db
• Log files (consolidates access)
• Test environments
• Copy back a previous snapshot Shared Oracle Home
after testing
Shared Oracle Home
• Backups
• Snapshot file system for point-in-
time backups
• General purpose local or cluster
file system
• Leverage ASM manageability
 Oracle Clusterware
Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4

Oracle RAC Protected

App A
Protected
App B

Oracle ASM / ACFS

Oracle Clusterware

Consolidated Pool of Storage with

Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

• Provides shared infrastructure for server pooling

• Monitors 3rd-party applications to make them highly available
• New agents for Oracle components: TimesTen, Hyperion, Siebel…
 Cluster Health Manager
Root Cause Analysis at Cluster and System Level

• Proactively
analyze cluster
state and health
• Root cause
analysis
• Predict
failures
• Prevent
failures
• Future:
Automatically
and proactively
repair issues
Reducing Costs of Deployments

Oracle Universal
Servers
Installer
CAPEX Storage
Enterprise Manager

Role-based
Software
Management

Grid Automation
Data Center
OPEX
Admin
Easy Management
 New
Simplified Management i
11.2 n

To reduce deployment costs, the grid must be easy to use…

• Goal: Make grid as easy to • Key features
use as a single system
• Install into the grid in a single Simplified Provisioning
operation
• Extend management tools to EM Grid Management
support all components
• Adapt to your organization Role-separated Management

• Make cluster infrastructure Grid Automation

invisible
 New
Simplified Provisioning i
11.2 n

• Release 11.2 includes a new installer that

takes much of the work out of install….
• Automatic checking for pre-requisites
• Intelligent error handling and repair
• Examples: kernel parameters, SSH setup
• Easy upgrade/downgrade of Oracle
Clusterware
• Software only Grid Infrastructure install
• Updateable installer, de-install tool…
• Install a cluster database in almost half
the time
• Study shows over 40% time savings
 New
EM Grid Management i
11.2 n

• EM is able to manage the

full stack, including Oracle
Clusterware
• Manage and monitor
clusterware components
• Manage and monitor
application resources
• Automatic discovery of
targets as the join the
cluster
• Support for ACFS
• ASM Configuration
Assistant (ASMCA) for
ASM and ACFS
 New
Role-Separated Management i
11.2 n

• Management of stack spans roles of both database and system

admins
• New install flow and home management respects admin roles
• New Grid Infrastructure home installed separately
• Storage centric tools and privileges for system admins
• Extend ASMCMD to include ASM disk group, disk, and instance
management
• SYSASM privilege and file access control (ACL)
• ASM Configuration Assistant (ASMCA) tool
• Installation for system admins
• New knowledge tools for system admins
• Training courses
• Documentation
 New
Grid Automation i
11.2 n

• Easy node add/drop • Automated Cluster Patching

• Servers and database nodes • Opatch improvements
will automatically discover dramatically reduce work
peers and negotiate services required to patch a cluster node
• Network configuration
• Over 90% reduction in
• Name resolution steps to apply Clusterware
• Storage and DB patch
• Policy-based cluster • Supports Grid Infrastructure and
management Database
• Deploy services to cluster, not
specific nodes
• Provide the application
required minimum resources
(whenever possible)
Reducing Costs of Deployments

Low cost servers RAC

Servers
Consolidation Oracle VM

CAPEX Storage
Fewer disks/LUNs ASM

Software
Full Oracle Stack Grid Infrastructure

Data Center
Consolidation RAC/Oracle VM

OPEX
Admin
Easy Management 11.2 Improvements