ASSIGNMENT

OF
Information System

SUBMITTED TO: -
SUBMITTED BY:-
Mr. SUNIL DAWHAN
SANDEEP KUMAR
LECTURER [LSECA]
B.TECH-6th SEM

10809893

RD1803B54
Ans1.
An information system is any combination of information system and people activities using that
technology for supporting three things 1.operation 2.management 3.decision making.

Strategy is a long-scale, future oriented plan which is used to interact with competitive
environment to achieve company goals and provides a framework for managerial decisions and
reflects a company’s awareness of the main elements of competition.

Automobile

Broad
Implicat
ion

Physic
al
assets

Developm
ent of
solid
projection
Ans2.)
Customer relationship management (CRM) is a widely-implemented
strategy for managing a company’s interactions with customers, clients and
sales prospects. It involves using technology to organize, automate, and
synchronize business processes—principally sales activities, but also those
for marketing, customer service, and technical support. The overall goals are
to find, attract, and win new clients, nurture and retain those the company
already has, entice former clients back into the fold, and reduce the costs of
marketing and client service. Customer relationship management describes
a company-wide business strategy including customer-interface departments
as well as other departments.

Good IMC (integrated marketing communication)

a. Banner’s.

B.Television Ad’s.

c.Advertisement.

d.Website.

e.Emails.

f.Blogs.

2. Enhancing their promotional strategies

a. Discounts

b. Incentives

c. Gifts

d. Free samples.

3. Good supply chain management (value chain analysis):

a. Inbound logistics(raw material)

b. Operations(to convert raw material)

 c. Outbound logistics(finished product)

d. Marketing

e. After sales service.

4. Inventory management:

a. Cost Incurred in operating stocks and goods.

5. Marketing Research:

a. Before Launching.

b. After Launching.

Ans3.

The key to a successful project is in the planning. Creating a project plan is the first thing you should do
when undertaking any kind of project. Often project planning is ignored in favour of getting on with the
work. However, many people fail to realise the value of a project plan in saving time, money and many
problems.

Step 1: Project Goals

As a first step, it is important to identify the stakeholders in your project. It is not always easy to identify
the stakeholders of a project, particularly those impacted indirectly. Examples of stakeholders are:

• The project sponsor.

• The customer who receives the deliverables.
• The users of the project outputs.
• The project manager and project team.

Once you understand who the stakeholders are, the next step is to find out their needs. The best way to do
this is by conducting stakeholder interviews. Take time during the interviews to draw out the true needs
that create real benefits. Often stakeholders will talk about needs that aren't relevant and don't deliver
benefits. These can be recorded and set as a low priority.

Step 2: Project Deliverables

Using the goals you have defined in step 1, create a list of things the project needs to deliver in order to
meet those goals. Specify when and how each item must be delivered.
Add the deliverables to the project plan with an estimated delivery date. More accurate delivery dates will
be established during the scheduling phase, which is next.

Step 3: Project Schedule

Create a list of tasks that need to be carried out for each deliverable identified in step 2. For each task
identify the following:

• The amount of effort (hours or days) required to complete the task.

• The resource who will carry out the task.

Once you have established the amount of effort for each task, you can workout the effort required for
each deliverable, and an accurate delivery date. Update your deliverables section with the more accurate
delivery dates.

At this point in the planning, you could choose to use a software package such as Microsoft Project to
create your project schedule. Alternatively, use one of the many free templates available. Input all of the
deliverables, tasks, durations and the resources who will complete each task.

Use the project schedule to justify pursuing one of these options.

Step 4: Supporting Plans

This section deals with plans you should create as part of the planning process. These can be included
directly in the plan.

Human Resource Plan

Identify by name, the individuals and organization with a leading role in the project. For each, describe
their roles and responsibilities on the project.

Communications Plan

Create a document showing who needs to be kept informed about the project and how they will receive
the information. The most common mechanism is a weekly or monthly progress report, describing how
the project is performing, milestones achieved and work planned for the next period.

Risk Management Plan

Risk management is an important part of project management. Although often overlooked, it is important
to identify as many risks to your project as possible, and be prepared if something bad happens.

Here are some examples of common project risks:

• Time and cost estimates too optimistic.

• Customer review and feedback cycle too slow.
• Unexpected budget cuts.
• Unclear roles and responsibilities.
• Stakeholder input is not sought, or their needs are not properly understood.
 • Stakeholders changing requirements after the project has started.
• Poor communication resulting in misunderstandings, quality problems and rework.
• Lack of resource commitment.

Risks can be tracked using a simple risk log. Add each risk you have identified to your risk log; write
down what you will do in the event it occurs, and what you will do to prevent it from occurring. Review
your risk log on a regular basis, adding new risks as they occur during the life of the project. Remember,
when risks are ignored they don't go away.

Ans4.

Technology feasibility

The assessment is based on an outline design of system requirements in terms of Input,

Processes, Output, Fields, Programs, and Procedures. This can be quantified in terms of volumes
of data, trends, frequency of updating, etc. in order to estimate whether the new system will
perform adequately or not. Technological feasibility is carried out to determine whether the
company has the capability, in terms of software, hardware, personnel and expertise, to handle
the completion of the project

Economic feasibility

Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness of a new
system. More commonly known as cost/benefit analysis, the procedure is to determine the
benefits and savings that are expected from a candidate system and compare them with costs. If
benefits outweigh costs, then the decision is made to design and implement the system. An
entrepreneur must accurately weigh the cost versus benefits before taking an action.

Cost-based study: It is important to identify cost and benefit factors, which can be categorized as
follows: 1. Development costs; and 2. Operating costs. This is an analysis of the costs to be
incurred in the system and the benefits derivable out of the system.

Time-based study: This is an analysis of the time required to achieve a return on investments.
The future value of a project is also a factor.

Legal feasibility

Determines whether the proposed system conflicts with legal requirements, e.g. a data processing
system must comply with the local Data Protection Acts.

Operational feasibility

Operational feasibility is a measure of how well a proposed system solves the problems, and
takes advantage of the opportunities identified during scope definition and how it satisfies the
requirements identified in the requirements analysis phase of system development.[4]
Schedule feasibility

A project will fail if it takes too long to be completed before it is useful. Typically this means
estimating how long the system will take to develop, and if it can be completed in a given time
period using some methods like payback period. Schedule feasibility is a measure of how
reasonable the project timetable is. Given our technical expertise, are the project deadlines
reasonable? Some projects are initiated with specific deadlines. You need to determine whether
the deadlines are mandatory or desirable

Ans5.
If an analyst is employed within the organization that is the subject of the fact gathering
exercise, then it is likely that he or she will already have a good understanding of the
organization and its business objectives. If, however, he or she is going in as an outside
consultant, then one of the first tasks is to try to gain an understanding of the organization.
Background reading or research is part of that process. The kind of documents that are suitable
sources of information include the following Although reading company reports may provide the
analyst with information about the organization's mission, and so possibly some indication of
future requirements, this technique mainly provides information about the current system.

Advantages and Disadvantages:

It also allows the analyst to prepare for other types of fact finding, for example, by being aware
of the business objectives of the organization. Documentation on the existing system may
provide formally defined information requirements for the current system. - Written documents
often do not match up to reality; they may be out of date or they may reflect the official policy on
matters that are dealt with differently in p.

Ans6:
The development life cycle for a Library Management system in a college can be
understand by these steps:

1. Preliminary investigation:-
Now the library management system in a college has to go through all these
steps to work properly and effectively. First of all the preliminary
investigation will be made which may include the investigation of factors like
book allotted to the student from library. Then the estimate will be made that
how big the database of the system will be because the record for each entry
has to be maintained
2. Determination of system requirements:-
 The next step includes the system requirements. The factors can be the
number of staff members which will collect the book, the timing details etc.
All these requirements have to be gathered correctly to make the library
system work effectively and fast.
3. Design of system:-
The next step is to design the system. The designing of the system will be
made in such a way that it will include all the books collection from student
who have submitted after studying or taken with them at home for particular
time. The design must be simple and should be very clear.
4. Development of software:-
Then the next step is to develop the system. The whole coding part is done in
this step. The software will be developed from the design which takes a lot of
programming lines. After the coding part when the software is ready then it is
checked by the system analysts to be sure that the developed system is
working correctly or not. Also it is providing the requirements for what it is
made or not. If the system developed is working properly then it will be used
for the library system in the college.

5. System testing:-
During systems testing, the system is used experimentally to ensure that
software does not fail, i.e. that it will run according to its specifications and in
the way users expect. Special test data are input for processing, and the
results examined. A limited number of the users may be allowed to use the
system so analysts can see whether try to use it in unforeseen ways.
6. Implementation and testing:-
Implementation is the process of having systems personnel check out and
put new equipment into use, train users, install the new application, and
construct any files of data needed to use it.
The actual evaluation can occur along any of the following dimensions:
1. Operational evaluation
2. Organizational impact
3. User manager assessment
4. Development performance.