All English Editorial

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123
CHANDIGARH | SUNDAY | 25 OCTOBER 2020 REFLECTIONS 17
The farmers enter the fray Secular business

in our country
I
T was the early 1960s and I spent MSP was ensured by the Centre, and Can a compensation of a lakh or two engaged in cultural activities and
two years in my ancestral village this brought in more money into the be enough to replace a working educational adventures. Now, com- ‘investigative’ agencies look,
in Punjab, two searing summers pockets of farmers, but it went out in farmer and a family member? Who is ing to the last bastion of rural India or those TV aficionados. You
and two bone-chilling winters — the shape of expenditure on pesti- going to run his farm (if any has been — the farming class. Distressed as put Farooq Abdullah and his
all without electricity and its cides, fertilisers, electricity, water, left after trying to pay off his debt)? they were, the final death blow is son in jail for over a year, and
attendant conveniences. Life for the diesel and new farm machinery. The Who is going to feed and educate his sought to be delivered in the agricul- when he talks of the Gupkar
typical farming household started farmer was never good at bookkeep- children, what about medical aid? tural reforms announced lately. Declaration, you call him in to
THE INWARD EYE before daybreak around 3 am in ing and his accountant and ATM was Today we have trains called ‘Cancer Leaving aside other issues, why not answer charges regarding a
summers. I would hear the tinkling the ‘arhtiya’. The ‘arhtiya’ advanced Special’ and till recently ambu- have the MSP till a better alternative MUSINGS & MALEDICTIONS scandal about cricket. Let us
GURBACHAN JAGAT of the bells as the farmers would money for everything from mar- lances carried pictures of a political is found? Why cannot the FCI pro- be fair, it was a scandal, but
KEKI DARUWALLA
start moving out with their ploughs riages to farm inputs. The farmer chieftain (what a shame). It has been cure grains as earlier? Why let the why rake it up now? You dis-
Distressed as they and oxen in order to finish the day’s made good his dues when the crops false promises all the way from gov- oligarchs loose to prey on the farm- pense with Article 370 and the
S
ploughing before the sun came up. came in. It was a system that worked, ernments of all hues. I heard a CM in ers? Was there a demand from the O now it is official, sec- state of Jammu and Kashmir
were, the final death An acre was the maximum you could maybe a bit unfairly at times. It is one 1979 telling the farmers that special farmers for these reforms and did ular is a dirty word. I itself. Not a whimper from
blow is sought to plough with oxen and irrigate i.e. if of life’s biggest ironies that the flights would take off from Amritsar they agitate for them? Did any state will consult a lawyer if I Jammu, have you noticed?
you were fortunate enough to own a farmer is the only producer who does carrying vegetables to the Middle government request for these could file a defamation You get the mosque where you
be delivered in the Persian wheel. Otherwise you put in not set the price of his produce — the East, which would bring thousands reforms? How has the Centre decid- suit if someone has the temer- want, and the temple where
agricultural reforms. the seed and looked up to the sky for
rain. It is pertinent to mention that
government does it for him or the
buying agencies. Even if the MSP is
of crores to Punjab. The flight of fan-
tasy is yet to take off.
ed suo motu that this would benefit
the farmers? They now say that the
ity to call me secular. Since the
Maharashtra Governor, Shri
you want. Then you tinker
with citizenship. You are play-
Why not have MSP farming was still being done in the laid down, the buying agency raises Industrialisation did not take place MSP will stay, if so, why not put it in Bhagat Singh Koshyari, ing with air, water, earth and
old organic way minus the commer- many objections about the quality in Punjab as it was considered a bor- the Act? Your mala fides are clear showed considerable hoshiari fire of the state and polity, the
till a better alternative cial fertilisers, pesticides and all the and hustles on it. der state and thereby it was not because you have a history of broken by evincing surprise at his state as you want it, the polity
is found? Why let the overheads that come with modern The increased expenditure on encouraged by the Centre; the result promises. Why put the farmers at the Chief Minister turning ‘secu- as envisaged in your mani-
agriculture. In addition to the inputs, the non-payment of MSP in was that tertiary industry did not mercy of the oligarch who will swal- lar’, the tone and tenor of the festos. The loyalty of the pow-
oligarchs loose to prey ploughing, fodder had to be fetched, most cases, the small landholdings come into play, resulting in negligible low up his land without a hiccup? word has changed. The first ers-that-be is towards the
on farmers? Was there cattle taken for grazing, water had to
be brought, etc. All in all, it was a
and the changed social scene all con-
tributed to lay the debt trap. A farm-
lateral or vertical growth of the
farmer. Having achieved food securi-
How is the farmer of 2-5 acres of land
going to fight these multi-billion-
tinkering came from Shri Lal
Krishan Advani, who added
manifesto, the law book
becomes irrelevant.
a demand from hard but simple life, with joys and ing community traditionally used to ty, the Centre’s interest reduced and aires? They will not be able to do so, the prefix by calling it ‘pseu- The executive follows the
sorrows which were shared by all. a barter system was forced to change the next level of growth which should but rest assured that they are not do secular’. The trouble is we line. Akhlaque Ahmad is
farmers for these There was hardly any money and to a cash-based economy and given have been encouraged and brought prepared to give up their land. start by misusing words spe- killed by a mob because meat
reforms? How has the consumerism was unheard of, the the fallacy of having more money — about in the shape of agro industry Because, that is the turban on their cific to alien shores, practices (suspected beef) is found in his
old barter system took care of the which was already owed to debtors was largely ignored. One answer that heads, that is his pride, he’s not and a history of close to a refrigerator. The attention of
Centre decided suo basic needs. The village was indeed and suppliers. Furthermore, the the people found on their own was going to commit suicide on a mass 1,000 years behind them. We the police is to find out
motu that this would one big extended family. But time,
science and greed were conspiring to
farming community was faced with
a new social pressure of increased
immigration to foreign lands. Lakhs
of young men and women have left.
scale. He will fight back — how, I do
not know. The ‘ann daata’ of yester-
could start from Thomas
Becket — 12th century. There
whether it is beef or lamb, not
towards arresting the killers.
benefit farmers? change all this, to disturb this tran- lifestyle consumption. The situation Our manpower was our biggest asset day who turned this land into the couldn’t be a better example Take another case. On Decem-
quil balance. continued to worsen as the landhold- and ‘natural resource’; our loss has granary bowl of this country and of state versus the church ber 3, 2018, a mob protesting
India, at the time, was deficient in ings dwindled and the cost of work- been the gain of foreign countries. brought us out of being a food- than this, five knights come cow slaughter in Bulandshahr
foodgrains, requiring regular imports ing on depleted land (over-worked Even traders in small towns are sell- dependent nation is not going to be and kill the Archbishop of killed Inspector Subodh
which a poor country could ill-afford. farm lands get depleted of nutrients ing off and leaving as their fortunes reduced to carrying a begging bowl. Canterbury, Thomas Becket, Singh. Journalist Jyoti Pun-
Governments both at the Centre and and require greater use of fertilisers; were tied to those of the farmers. The As I reflect on the time gone by, I do in his cathedral. Look at the wani drew attention to the fact
the state brought in a transformative also, intensive farming needs more affluent class is also insecure and as hope that this will not be the farm- playwrights the event has that the National Security Act
change, new technologies came in — in terms of pesticides) increased. Not a first step has started sending chil- ers’ swansong. I leave you with Oliv- drawn, from Jean Anouilh to was invoked against three
and with a vengeance in the shape of in a single case has the increase in dren abroad; while earlier they went er Goldsmith’s words: ‘Ill fares the TS Eliot. Our secularism has Muslims suspected of cow
the Green Revolution in Punjab and MSP kept up with the increase in after graduation, they are now leav- land, to hastening ills a prey, where very little history to fall back slaughter during that time,
Haryana. Modern agriculture was input costs. ing after school. wealth accumulates and men decay: upon, the Constituent Assem- ‘but the arrest of Singh’s
introduced, which brought with it Simplicity left the village and the The past few years have broken the Princes and lords may flourish, or bly and later Shah Bano. And killers is happening at a
new seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, coming of the panchayat system back of the MSMEs, the may fade; A breath can make them, our secularism, such as it is, leisurely pace’. The Shiv Sena
tubewells were bored and canal sys- brought in factionalism. I started ‘kiryanawala’ and the labourer. as a breath has made; But a bold had nothing to do with the played a big part in the riots in
tems improved. The innovative and with the 1960s and I do not remem- These blows came in the form of peasantry, their country’s pride, separation of state from the Mumbai after the demolition
hardworking farmer of this region ber a single case of farmer suicide demonetisation, faulty implementa- when once destroyed can never be church. We just meant the of the Babri mosque, but no
took up this challenge and answered even though there was not much tion of GST, lockdown (labourers supplied.’ goody-goody principle that all action was taken. The long
the then PM Lal Bahadur Shastri’s money, but now they’re in thou- became migrants), with its resultant — The writer is ex-chairman are equal before law, whatev- arm of the law gets cramps.
call of ‘Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan’. As a sands. Debt, lifestyles and breakup unemployment and falling GDP. The of UPSC, former Manipur er our belief or unbelief is, Secularism, as the term has
result, wheat and rice yields went up. of the social fabric has led to this. economy is in freefall but we are Governor and served as J&K DGP and no one has the right to come down to us historically,
rape and kill our Hathras has many facets to it. It faces
daughter, whether Thakur or off against what is ecclesiasti-
Sir Geoffrey Boycott, the motormouth

Brahmin. We smuggled secu- cal. It has nothing to do with
larism into the Constitution the kingdom of God. It is the
in 1976, during the Emer- opposite of what is sectarian or
gency. It meant equality communal. It has evolved out
before law, equal rights for cit- of freethinking, with no hang-
G
EOFF BOYCOTT, the crick- Three years ago, on the question bears no resemblance to the power izens. We ignored parallel nar- ups regarding the hereafter,
eter-commentator from of not being knighted by the British and pace of men’s cricket”. ratives from the Jana Sangh, no ridiculous thoughts per-
England, is fit to be nomi- Queen until then, Boycott said: Boycott was saying that since as it grew over the years, taining to heaven and hell or
nated as an ambassador “Mine’s been turned down twice. women cricketers such as Guha or about the attack on Shah 70-odd houris lining up to wel-
for propagation of sexism and I’d better black me face.” His target Lisa Sthalekar did not strike the Bano, and how Rajiv Gandhi come the latest jihadi martyr.
racism in cricket and society. Sex- were West Indian cricketers, 11 of ball with a man’s power, they lacked and his government got It is neither a votary of cru-
ism and bigotry bedevil Indian whom had been knighted for serv- the credentials to provide expert frightened and withdrew sades or jihad. Secularism is a
GOOD SPORT sport and society too; many who ices to cricket until then — inciden- opinion. The joke was on Boycott — abjectly. And there was freethinker’s exercise of men-
ROHIT MAHAJAN practise them here soften their tally, England’s count of knighted his own batting was marked by always Shri Advani’s com- tal abilities as he or she views
words, couch them under terms cricketers, too, was 11 at that point. lack of power, as Sthalekar pointed ment about “appeasement” to the world, our existence in our
such as ‘talent’ and ‘quality’. A Boycott, thus, promptly brought out. By his own paramenters, hav- minorities. Advani, as much polities, how we govern or mis-
critique of Boycott’s views is out the race card. A public outcry ing last played top-level cricket as Savarkar, remains the de govern ourselves. Secularism
As a commentator, he important because those Geoffrey Boycott turned 80 just days ago. followed, and Boycott issued an nearly 39 years ago, he’s unquali- facto ideologue of the current is also arraigned against any
is either too honest or entrenched in positions of privi- apology. Before that, once on air, he fied to comment on today’s cricket. state, philosopher, direction privilege, especially the
lege in our own country think like woman of colour. referred to Zimbabwe’s pace Boycott was convicted for physical- finder, mechanic and coiner assumed privileges of any
too stupid to attempt him, even if they dare not publicly Woman and colour — these are bowler Mpumelelo Mbangwa in ly attacking his then girlfriend in of slogans rolled into one. community, majority or
to hide ugly opinions utter the words he does.
Boycott’s career is full of unaccept-
two attributes that act as a red rag
for Boycott. He reacted true to type,
racist terms. This is the reality of
the man dearly loved by some Indi-
1998, handed a three-month sus-
pended prison sentence and fined
Once you play with words
and concepts that give mean-
minority. We just have to dig a
little into our past to find out
— his is a career able comments and actions, followed saying: “They have sacrificed qual- an fans for his goofy pronunciation, £5,000. Last year, Boycott was finally ing to words, you can play with that the Indian dharma, which
by apologies. He is 80, yet he contin- ity for equality. It is now all about dismissive insults (‘rubbish bats- knighted. This attracted a chorus of law. The laws are yours and is the Hindu dharma, places
full of unacceptable ues to spout nonsense. His views political correctness, about gender man!’) and for naming Sourav Gan- protests, especially from women’s the agencies are yours to play more weight on our duties
comments and demonstrate how the privileged few and race.” Clearly, by bringing up guly ‘Prince’. rights groups. Reacting to criticism around with. You question than our rights. Finally, it is
refuse to allow the ‘outsiders’ in by gender and race, Boycott was by a women’s charity boss, Boycott Rhea and then put her in jail about equality, not privilege.
actions, followed continually harping on the dilution of attacking Guha — even though Gender issue commented: ‘I don’t give a toss for a month. Saffron politi- Let’s end with a good word
by apologies quality and absence of talent.
On his 80th birthday recently, Boy-
he’s been replaced by Cook and
Anderson, not Guha!
Now, his affinity for the woman com-
mentator. In June, he declared:
about her, love. It’s 25 years ago, so
you can take your political nature
cians from Bihar thought this
was the right cause to take up.
about the Brits. The East
India Company took a dim
cott criticised the BBC for “sacrific- “There is room for women commen- and do whatever you want with it.” Then the doctors poured cold view of the missionaries. “By
ing quality for equality”, following Race to stupidity tating, fronting as presenters and Boycott, a great cricketer, was water on your delusions and the regulations of 1793, the
being removed as a commentator for Boycott isn’t a wise old man. His reporting. Many are excellent.. But disliked for his selfish batting. not a word about Sushant Governor-General promised
the broadcaster after a 14-year stint. sexism and racism are founded in as an expert summariser in men’s His off-field persona is equally Singh Rajput has been uttered to preserve the laws of the
The new panel had three cricketers north England’s Yorkshire, where cricket, you need to have been out in unattractive. He represents ideas by Nitish Kumar or his BJP Shastras and the Koran, and
— two white men, Alastair Cook and cricketers of colour complain of the middle.” He added that “as good that belong to the past, and there cohorts during election rallies. to protect Indians in the free
James Anderson, and Isa Guha, a racism to this day. as the women are at their game, it he must be sent back. How foolish those three exercise of their religion.”
Between one home and another, the pandemic lays it bare

M
Y tears began to flow early as perched on opposite walls and there is a I show her a wad of surgical masks we Azeemul’s young sons have just returned has lived through a nightmare that refuses
we set off on our first trip steady drizzle of harsingar flowers from an have brought for everyone here. She after a futile visit to Gujarat, where they had to end. The finance company’s representa-
together as a family since the over-grown creeper above me. There are takes a few for her son, who is trying to gone to find work. These boys have grown tives came to this home in the village to
Covid-19 pandemic was jamun, guava, custard apple, lemon and earn an income as a masseuse till his up in the years that I have been visiting this intimidate his wife for recovery of the loan.
declared in 2020. A family of five, we live in mango trees. Children from the extended barber shop by the railway station home as my own. They are bright and Shagufta has begun to spin thread for blan-
a suburb of Delhi and regularly visit my family are using a long bamboo stick with begins to get customers again. strong, they are graduates, yet they are kets to earn a basic sustenance.
father-in-law, who lives in a village in east a woven basket on its top edge to catch The private school in the village unable to clear entrance tests for the railway As we reassure her that we will look at
IMMORTAL FOR A MOMENT Uttar Pradesh. Papa is in his nineties, and fruit from the upper branches of the lemon remains closed. Teachers’ salaries have or police jobs they hope to get. They are the loan papers and negotiate with recov-
often stays with us in the city. This year, our tree. Invariably, the fruit falls to the ground been stopped as parents are unable to defeated by the poor quality of education ery agents on her behalf, our daughters
NATASHA BADHWAR
children and I had not met him even once. and the children tease each other as the pay fees or afford mobile phones for and training they have access to. and Wasim’s two children check each
As we cruised on the highway towards stick passes from hand to hand. In this online classes. Some teachers in the vil- My husband is routinely frustrated by other out. They are growing up in the
We live in a time Varanasi, our children played the soulful moment, this could be a slice of heaven. lage school come from Kerala. the multiple social, cultural and systemic same time and same place, yet their real-
songs of the film, Masaan. The music, the Islam Bo, an elderly woman from the We are a country of internal migrants. barriers that come in the way when he ities are a world apart from each other.
when individuals long drive and recent memories of this village, updates me on how the commu- The husbands of most women I meet tries to plan solutions in the community. Our children’s experiences are buffered
across economic and highway being a witness to mass migra- nity has coped with lockdown and pan- here work in Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata “Meet people where they are,” I remind by privilege, Shagufta’s children are vul-
tion of dispossessed workers walking demic for the past seven months. and the Gulf countries. him. “The onus is on us to understand the nerable due to the lack of it.
political divides need home despite hunger and police threats — “You go from home to home, Islam Bo, “In Mumbai, I live in a small kholi and context of people before we try to influ- Oppressive systems ultimately destroy
to find the agency all of it mixed up to release unexpressed do you wear a mask?” I ask her. In sell handkerchiefs on the footpath in town ence the course of their lives. They know all players, regardless of their roles within
grief, fears and anxieties. My eyes began to response, she makes a gesture of brush- area. It’s a decent life,” shares Azeemul their possibilities better than us.” them. We live in a time when individuals
within ourselves to well up, and I didn’t discourage myself ing off my question. one afternoon when he has come to chat We meet Shagufta, our neighbour, in her across economic and political divides need
challenge the from having a good cry.
As I type this column, I am sitting in an
“There is no corona here,” she says. “I
keep a gamchha and wrap it around my
with my husband and me. “Sometimes, I
go to the sea beach and feel free of all pain
home. Shagufta’s husband, Wasim, has
been an Uber driver in Delhi before he was
to find the agency within ourselves to chal-
lenge the structure that subjugates us.
structure that open area called a hatha in our village face when I see policemen. They are the and worries. I don’t know if I will go back. left stranded by the lockdown. Unable to — The writer is an author
home. The morning light is dappled, birds only people I fear when I go out to graze I fear the police and the state. The pan- sustain his survival in the city, pay EMIs and filmmaker
subjugates us are chirping, a cat and a monkey are my goats.” demic has disrupted everything.” due on his car or send money home, Wasim natasha.badhwar@gmail.com
4 EDIT DELHI SATURDAY 24 OCTOBER 2020
Discovering a river in Thar Desert were able to document different phases

of river activity.
tion in the Thar Desert, across South
Asia and beyond" says Blinkhorn,
Increased relevance of
"We immediately saw evidence for a
substantial and very active river system
adding "This suggests landscape in
which the earliest members of our own Vedas in the modern era
S ituated at the threshold of the South
Asian monsoon, the Thar Desert is
an important region for understanding
Anna University, and the Indian Insti-
tute of Science, Education and Re-
search (IISER) Kolkata document evi-
from the bottom of the fluvial deposits,
which gradually decreased in power
through time" explained Achyuthan.
species, Homo sapiens, first encoun-
tered the monsoons and crossed the
Thar Desert may have been very differ-
TEJ SINGH KARDAM
how past environmental change im-

pacted patterns of human migration
and adaptation to new habitats. Recent
dence for river activity in the central
Thar Desert. This evidence indicates a
river flowed with phases of activity dat-
"Standing in the middle of the desert,
the question we had to answer was
'How old was this river?'. The age of this
ent to the landscape we can see today."
Yet the potential importance of 'lost'
rivers for earlier inhabitants of the Thar
I ndia is the largest democracy in the world. We are a secular country
which is a host of number of religions like Hinduism, Islam, Christi-
anity, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism. The major population of the
research highlighting the role of the ing to approx. 172,140,95 and 78 thou- river flowing in the middle of the desert Desert have been overlooked. country follow Hinduism which is about 80 per cent.
Thar Desert in human prehistory has sand years ago, nearby to Bikaner, is of particular interest. The river was "The Thar Desert has a rich prehis- Our culture is a heritage of social norms, ethnical values, traditional
indicated that humans spread east- which is over 200 km away from the flowing at its strongest during a phase tory, and we've been uncovering a wide customs, belief systems and artefacts etc. India's languages, religions,
wards into the region starting from 114 nearest modern river. of weak monsoonal activity in the re- range of evidence showing how Stone dances, music, architecture, food and customs differ from place to place
thousand years ago during a phase of The presence of a river running gion, and may have been a life-line to Age populations not only survived but within the country. Therefore, our country is epitome of “Unity in Di-
enhanced monsoonal rainfall, when the through the central Thar Desert would human populations enabling them to thrived in these semi-arid landscapes," versity.” India has ancient Vedic culture which was based on Sanatan
desert was transformed into lush grass- have offered a lifeline to Palaeolithic inhabit the Thar Desert. The timeframe says Jimbob Blinkhorn of MPISHH. Dharma, also known as Vedic religion.
lands. However, more recent phases of populations, and potentially an impor- over which this river was active also "We know how important rivers can be In due course of time the Vedic religion merged with local traditions
sand dune activity have obscured these tant corridor for migrations. Indus civ- overlaps with significant changes in hu- to living in this region, but we have little resulting in emergence of Hinduism. Sanatan dharma is the oldest re-
ancient landscapes inhabited by earlier ilization flourished here. A deep deposit man behaviour in the region, which detail on what river systems were like ligion in the world, which is based on the collection of spiritual laws
human populations. of river sands and gravels was studied have been linked with the earliest ex- during key periods of prehistory." The discovered by Rishis thousands of years ago and is prehistoric and ab-
In a new study published in Quater- by the team, which had been exposed pansions of Homo sapiens from Africa discovery is important for us to under- solute in nature.
nary Science Reviews, researchers from by quarrying activity near the village of into India. stand the lives and longevity of rivers. Sanatan dharma signifies duties performed in one's spiritual identity
The Max Planck Institute for the Sci- Nal, just outside of Bikaner. By studying "This river flowed at a critical time Let us not destroy their course with our and are thus same for everyone, irrespective of sect, caste or class. It
ence of Human History (MPI-SHH), the different deposits, the researchers frame for understanding human evolu- greed for land or by misuse. consists of virtues such as honesty, refrain from injuring living beings,
purity, goodwill, mercy, patience and generosity. As a matter of fact,
SanatanDharma is transcendental which is beyond our temporary belief
system.

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The farmers enter the fray Secular business

Sir Geoffrey Boycott, the motormouth

Between one home and another, the pandemic lays it bare

Discovering a river in Thar Desert were able to document diﬀerent phases

how past environmental change im-

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how past environmental change im-

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