LASER BEAM MODES

& POLARIZATION
ANALYZERS

Birhan UĞUZ
birhanuguz@gmail.com
Outline

•Fundamental Properties of LASER,

•Laser Beam Modes,

•Laser Beam Mode Analyzers,

•Polarization,

•Polarization Analyzers.
 •Coherent ,

•Monochromic,

•Directional,

•Polarized.

Total Reflector Partial Reflector

http://80.251.40.59/eng.ankara.edu.tr/hsari/ders-optoelektronik.htm
 Laser Mode

-Longitudinal mode

-Transverse mode (Beam Mode)

Transverse Longitudinal
mode mode

http://80.251.40.59/eng.ankara.edu.tr/hsari/ders-optoelektronik.htm
 Longitudinal Mode
-Oscillation of electric field of light over time.

http://80.251.40.59/eng.ankara.edu.tr/hsari/ders-optoelektronik.htm
 Transverse Mode (Beam Mode)
-Electric field distribution on perpendicular direction of propagation of light.

Concave Lenses

Gaussian Distribution Hermite- Gaussian Distribution

http://80.251.40.59/eng.ankara.edu.tr/hsari/ders-optoelektronik.htm
 Laser Beam Mode Analyzers

•Non-Electronic

•Burn Spots On Thermal Paper

•Acrylic Mode Burns

•Electronic

•Camera-Based Analyzer

•Scanning Slit Analyzer

•Scanning Knife-Edge Analyzer

The CVI Melles Griot Technical Guide, Gaussian Beam Optic, 2009
 Laser Beam Analyzers
•Non-Electronic
•Burn Spots On Thermal Paper

+ Easily and cheap.

-Without quantitative measurements

-Dynamic range of 3;
unburned, burned and over burned.

15 cm 30 cm 120 cm 7,8 m

Briallant Nanosecond Laser System / Burn Spot On Thermal Paper at 1064 nm

 Laser Beam Analyzers
•Non-Electronic
•Acrylic Mode Burns

+ Can see generally structure.

-Toxic fumes occurs,

-Very rough quantitative measurements,
- Only shows average over time of laser beam.

http://www.ophiropt.com/user_files/laser/beam_profilers/modecheckPre.pdf
 Laser Beam Analyzers
•Electronic
•Camera-Based Analyzer

+ Acquire Real-time data and display,

+ Quantitative measurements,
+ Fast laser diagnosis.

- Delicate equipment,
-Expensive.
-Limited by pixel size between 5-10 μm

http://www.newport.com/High-Resolution-Laser-Beam-Profiler/608093/1033/catalog.aspx
 Laser Beam Analyzer
•Electronic
•Camera-Based Analyzer

Ankara University, Optical Materials Research Group, omag.ankara.edu.tr

 Laser Beam Analyzer
•Electronic
•Scanning Slit Analyzer

+ Quantitative measurements,

+ One image every few seconds.

- Signal to noise ratio is low,

- Signal must be like a Gaussian.

Thorlabs Beam Beam Analyzing Software, Operation Manual, 2011

 Laser Beam Analyzer
•Electronic
•Scanning Slit Analyzer

Thorlabs Beam Beam Analyzing Software, Operation Manual, 2011

 Laser Beam Analyzer
•Electronic
•Scanning Knife-Edge Analyzer

+ Can measure beam diameter up to 1 μm,

+ Quantitative measurements,

+ One image every few seconds,

+ Signal to noise ratio is high.

- Signal must be like a Gaussian.

The CVI Melles Griot Technical Guide, Fundamental of Beam Profiling ,2009
 Polarization
Light can be described as an electromagnetic wave traveling through
space.

J. A. Woollam Co., Inc., Tutorial, www.jawoollam.com/tutorial_2.html

 Polarization

J. A. Woollam Co., Inc., Tutorial, www.jawoollam.com/tutorial_2.html

 Polarization Analyzer

J. A. Woollam Co., Inc., A Short Course in Ellipsometry, Chapter 2

References

•http://80.251.40.59/eng.ankara.edu.tr/hsari/ders-optoelektronik.htm

•The CVIMelles Griot Technical Guide, Gaussian Beam Optic, 2009

•Quantel Briallant Nanosecond Laser System

•http://www.ophiropt.com/user_files/laser/beam_profilers/modecheckPre.pdf

•http://www.newport.com/High-Resolution-Laser-Beam-

Profiler/608093/1033/catalog.aspx

•Thorlabs Beam Beam Analyzing Software, Operation Manual, 2011

•The CVI Melles Griot Technical Guide, Fundamental of Beam Profiling ,2009

•J. A. Woollam Co., Inc., Tutorial,www.jawoollam.com/tutorial_2.html

•J. A. Woollam Co., Inc., A Short Course in Ellipsometry, Chapter 2

Thank You.
birhanuguz@gmail.com