V Pechat Posobie ZhURNALISTY S Oblozhkoy

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ
ДОНЕЦКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ

ГОУ ВПО "ДОНЕЦКИЙ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ
УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
INSIGHTS OF JOURNALISM
МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ
ДОНЕЦКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
ГОУ ВПО «ДОНЕЦКИЙ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
INSIGHTS OF JOURNALISM
Донецк 2018
УДК 8111.111:070 (075)
ББК Ш12=432.1*9*34:Ч612я73
I-67
Печатается по решению Учѐного совета факультета иностранных языков

ГОУ ВПО «Донецкий национальный университет». Протокол № 9 от
21.11.2018 года.
Рецензенты:
Кишко С. Н., кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры английской
филологии, ГОУ ВПО «Донецкий национальный университет»
Кобзев Н. В., кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры теории и

практики перевода, ГОУ ВПО «Донецкий национальный университет»
Insights of journalism: учебно-методическое пособие для аудиторной и

самостоятельной работы по английскому языку для студентов
филологического факультета направления подготовки
«Журналистика» / сост. Е. В. Филатова, Л. В. Журавлѐва, М. Е. Черная. —
Донецк : ДонНУ, 2018. — 163 с.
Пособие предназначается для студентов 1-4 курсов филологического факультета

специальности «Журналистика», а также для лиц, специализирующихся на проблемах
журналистики и начинающих читать оригинальные тексты, статьи в сфере журналистики.
Целью данного пособия является развитие навыков поискового и просмотрового
чтения и перевода оригинальных материалов по журналистике, перефразирования и
написания реферированного изложения текстов и других навыков.
Пособие может быть использовано для развития и совершенствования навыков
владения всеми видами речевой деятельности на английском языке в ходе аудиторной и
самостоятельной работы студентов филологического факультета.
© Филатова Е. В., Журавлѐва Л. В., Черная М. Е., 2018

© ГОУ ВПО «Донецкий национальный университет», 2018
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Введение………………………………………………………...…………………5
PART I…………………………………………..…………………….……………6
Section 1. KINDS OF JOURNALISM………………………………….…………6
Unit 1. Newspaper and Magazine Journalism (Print Journalism).……………6
1.1. Newspaper……………………………………………………...…...6
1.2. Magazine…………………………………………………….…...11
Unit 2. Broadcast Journalism……………………………………......………15
Unit 3. Digital (Online) Journalism……………………………….....………16
Unit 4. Photojournalism………………………………………………..……22
Section 2. GENRES OF JOURNALISM…………………………………....……37
Unit 1. Informational Journalism…………………………………..…..……37
Unit 2. Analytical Journalism………………………………………..………40
Unit 3. Artistic Journalism…………………………………………..………47
3.1. Short note……………………………………………………..…...47
3.2. Report (account)…………………………………………………...51
3.3. Reportage…………………………………………………...…...56
3.4. Journalistic interview……………………………………………...57
3.5. Review………………………………………………………...…...65
3.6. Correspondence…………………………………………….……...68
3.7. Article……………………………………………………………...69
3.8. Letter……………………………………………………..………..78
3.9. Feuilleton…………………………………………………………..79
3.10. Essay…………………………………………………….………..81
USEFUL PHRASES FOR RENDERING AN ARTICLE…………………..……86
QUESTIONS FOR SELF-CHECK………………………………………….……87
PART II…………………………………………………………...........................88
Unit 1. Political Journalism……………………………………....…….……88
Unit 2. World News (Foreign Coverage)…………………………....………92
Unit 3. Business Journalism……………………………………........……101
Unit 4. Corporate Media…………...………………………………...……104
Unit 5. Yellow Journalism…...……………………………………....……107
Unit 6. Music Journalism………….………………………………...……111
Unit 7. Sports Journalism…………………………………………....……114
Unit 8. Science Journalism………...………………………………...……118
Unit 9. Food Columns……….……………………………………....……122
Unit 10. Investigative Journalism………………………………......………127
Unit 11. New Journalism…….………………………………....………132
Unit 12. Travel Journalism………...………………………………...……134
Unit 13. Gonzo Journalism……………………………………....…………137
Unit 14. Multimedia Journalism……………………………….…...………140
3
Unit 15. Street Journalism……………………………………….....………143
Unit 16. Economic Journalism………………………………..........………148
Unit 17. Religious Journalism…………………………………….......……152
Unit 18. War Correspondent……………………………….............………156
References………….............................................................................................162
Internet resources………………………………………………….......................163
4
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку предназначено для

аудиторной и самостоятельной работы студентов филологического
факультета направления подготовки 42.03.02 «Журналистика».
Главная цель пособия – развитие у студентов навыков чтения,
понимания и перевода оригинальной литературы по специальности,
приобретения навыков и умений в устном общении по темам
профессиональной направленности.
Пособие состоит из двух частей. В первой части представлена
информация по видам журналистики: газетно-журнальная журналистика,
тележурналистика, радиожурналистика, Интернет-журналистика,
фотожурналистика. Представлены образцы разных видов журналистики:
оперативно-новостные (все виды заметок), оперативно-исследовательские
(отчеты, репортажи, интервью), исследовательско-новостные (рецензии,
корреспонденции, комментарии), исследовательские (статьи, письма),
исследовательско-образные (эссе).
Вторая часть учебника включает типологию журналистики:
политическая журналистика, международная журналистика, деловая
журналистика, корпоративная журналистика, бульварная журналистика,
музыкальная журналистика, спортивная журналистика, научная
журналистика, ресторанная журналистика, журналистские расследования,
новая журналистика, трэвел-журналистика, Гонзо-журналистика,
мультимедийная журналистика, гражданская журналистика, экономическая
журналистика, религиозная журналистика, военная журналистика.
Структура уроков однотипна: каждый урок состоит из текста, перечня
ключевых слов / терминов, заданий разного уровня сложности. Все
упражнения после текста – мотивационно-направленные. Это способствует
развитию у студентов умений и навыков давать пояснения, пересказывать,
отвечать на вопросы и т. д.
Задания закрепляют усвоенную лексику по специальности, дают
возможность принимать участие в обсуждении материалов
профессиональной направленности.
Учебно-методическое пособие включает список использованной
литературы и интернет-источники.
5
PART I
Section 1
KINDS OF JOURNALISM
Unit 1. Newspaper and Magazine Journalism

(Print Journalism)
Newspaper and Magazine journalism is a particular form of journalism (the

collecting, editing, and presenting of news material for publication or broadcast)
that embraces newspapers and magazines as main instruments of telling current
events. Now let‘s speak in more details about each sub-kind.
1.1. Newspaper
A Newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about

current events.
Newspapers can cover wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sport and
art and often include materials such as opinion columns, weather forecasts, reviews
of local services, obituaries, birth notices, crosswords, editorial cartoons, comic
strips, and advice columns.
Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of
subscription revenue, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue. The journalism
organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called
newspapers.
Newspapers have traditionally been published in print (usually on cheap, low-
grade paper called newsprint). However, today most newspapers are also published
on websites as online newspapers, and some have even abandoned their print
versions entirely.
6
Newspapers developed in the 17th century, as information sheets for businessmen.
By the early 19th century, many cities in Europe, as well as North and South
America, published newspapers.
Some newspapers with high editorial independence, high journalism quality, and
large circulation are viewed as newspapers of record.
Task 1
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms: current events, obituaries,
editorials, advice columns, comic strips.
Now read the article from the British newspaper METRO and do the tasks.
Meditation “Does Nothing to Make You a Better Person”
You might be feeling peaceful as you sit

there eyes closed and breathing deeply – but it‘s not
making you any nicer, researchers say. Meditation
apparently does not make you more
compassionate, less aggressive or prejudiced, a new
study found. For decades many claimed meditation can change how we behave
towards others. A widely spread quote on social media by the current Dalai Lama
said: ‗If every eight-year-old in the world is taught meditation, the world will be
without violence within one generation.‘ However, although it might have
individual benefits like making you feel calmer, it probably won‘t help you feel
more tolerant of that slow walker in front of you. Dr Miguel Farias, from Coventry
University‘s Centre for Advances in Behavioural Science, said: ‗The
popularisation of meditation techniques, like mindfulness, despite being taught
without religious beliefs, still seem to offer the hope of a better self and a better
world to many.
‗In the early 1970s, Transcendental Meditation conveyed this message
openly, announcing that the rising number of individuals practising this technique
7
would lead to world peace in the short term. ‗We wanted to investigate how
powerful these techniques were in affecting one‘s feelings and behaviours towards
others.‘ They reviewed more than 20 studies that investigated the effect of various
types of meditation, such as mindfulness and loving-kindness, on pro-social
feelings and behaviours. It only included randomised controlled studies, where
meditators were compared to other individuals that did not meditate. Initial
analysis indicated that meditation did have an overall positive impact. Meditation
made people feel moderately more compassionate or empathic, compared to if they
had done no other new emotionally-engaging activity.
However further analysis revealed it played no significant role in reducing
aggression or prejudice or improving how socially-connected someone was. Yet
the most unexpected result of this study, though, was that the more positive results
found for compassion had important methodological flaws. Compassion levels in
some studies only increased if the meditation teacher was also an author of the
published report. Dr Farias added: ‗Most of the initial positive results disappeared
when the meditation groups were compared to other groups that engaged in tasks
unrelated to meditation. ‗We also found that the beneficial effect of meditation on
compassion disappeared if the meditation teacher was an author in the studies.
Blind man with fear of dogs to get helpful and small 'guide horse' ‗This reveals that
the researchers might have unintentionally biased their results. ‗None of this, of
course, invalidates Buddhism or other religions‘ claims about the moral value and
eventually life changing potential of its beliefs and practices. ‗But our research
findings are a far cry from many popular claims made by meditators and some
psychologists. To understand the true impact of meditation on people‘s feelings
and behaviour further we first need to address the methodological weaknesses we
uncovered – starting with the high expectations researchers might have about the
power of meditation.‘ The study was published in Scientific Reports.
Task 2
Look at the words in bold from the article. Find and write their equivalents in
Russian
8
apparently
compassionate
mindfulness
conveyed
announcing
investigate
randomised
Initial
impact
emotionally-engaging
biased
invalidates
Task 3
Match the words from the active vocabulary with their definitions
apparently unfairly preferring one person or group over
another, more interested in a particular thing than in
another
compassionate happening at the beginning
mindfulness feeling sympathy for people who are suffering
conveyed the effect or influence that an event, situation etc.

has on someone or something
announcing relating to your feelings or how you control them
investigate to try to find out the truth about something such as

a crime, accident, or scientific problem
randomised to show that something such as a belief or

explanation is wrong
initial used to say that you have heard that something is
9
true, although you are not completely sure about it
impact to officially tell people about something, especially

about a plan or a decision
emotionally-engaging a way of improving your mental state that involves

paying close attention to everything that you are
experiencing, especially during quiet meditation
biased to communicate or express something, with or

without using words
invalidates to choose things in a way that is not carefully

controlled or planned in order to do a scientific test
Task 4
Use the words from the active vocabulary to make up your own sentences
Task 5
Answer the questions
1) What do you think the main message of the article is?
2) What is implied under the term ―meditation‖?
3) What does Dalai Lama say about meditation?
4) What did the initial studies of the effect of various meditation types reveal?
5) What did the further research show?
6) What was the most unexpected result of the research?
Task 6
Complete the sentences with one of the words / phrases from the previous
exercise in the correct form
1) Your movements also ________________ information to people.
2) Winning this competition could have a big _______________ on my life.
3) We must try to create a more caring, more _________________ society.
4) Most newspapers are ________________ towards one political party or the
other.
5) Simon's _________________ feeling when he heard about the wedding was
surprise.
6) The government has __________________ plans to create 10,000 new jobs.
7) ___________________, Jim's a really good tennis player.
8) The state police are __________________ the incident.
10
Task 7
Render the article
Task 8
Make a presentation / report on the following topic: “Newspaper and
Magazine journalism”
1.2. Magazine
A Magazine is a publication, usually a periodical publication, which is printed or

electronically published (sometimes referred to as an online magazine). Magazines
are generally published on a regular schedule and contain a variety of content.
They are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase price, by prepaid
subscriptions, or a combination of the three. At its root, the word "magazine" refers
to a collection or storage location. In the case of written publication, it is a
collection of written articles. This explains why magazine publications share the
word root with gunpowder magazines, artillery magazines, firearms magazines,
and, in French, retail stores such as department stores.
Task 1
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms: content, advertising, purchase
price, subscriptions.
Now let‘s have a look at the article taken from the American magazine MEN‘S
HEALTH
The Reason You Might Be Having So Many Nightmares

Suffering from these conditions may make sleeping a little scarier
BY ALEXA TUCKER, PHOTOGRAPHY BY THINKSTOCK APRIL 28, 2015
Bad dreams could mean the blues. Depression and insomnia may give you
more nightmares, suggests new Finnish research.
11
In the study, 28 percent of participants with severe depression experienced
frequent nightmares (more than once a week), while just 2 percent of people with
no symptoms of the mental condition reported scary shuteye. And 17 percent of
insomnias said they often had nightmares, compared to just over 1 percent of
people who slept well.
The same negative emotions and anxieties that are linked to depression and
insomnia while you‘re awake may also run through your brain while you‘re asleep,
potentially contributing to nightmares, says lead author Nils Sandman, M.Sc. (Yep,
that‘s really his last name!)
However, the study does bring up the chicken-or-the-egg conundrum: It
likely varies from person to person whether nightmares are a cause or a symptom
of sleep and mood disorders, Sandman says.
Still, if your nightmares go hand in hand with trouble sleeping or an
extended "bad mood‖ — especially these Signs of Depression in Men — you may
want to check with your doctor to see if insomnia or depression are causing your
sleep shake-ups. Treating these conditions may help reduce the occurrence of
scary dreams, says Sandman.
There‘s no set number of nightmares that points to a problem — they
become an issue once you feel they've become too taxing, Sandman says. But if
your frightening dreams frequently wake you up at night, make you hesitant to go
to sleep, or linger in your thoughts when you‘re awake, you might want to them up
with your doc.
Task 2
Russian
blues
shuteye
chicken-or-the-egg
conundrum
12
occurrence
taxing
hesitant
linger
issue
hand in hand
Task 3
the blues something closely connected
shuteye needing a lot of effort
chicken-or-the-egg to continue to exist, be noticeable etc. for longer

than is usual or desirable
conundrum uncertain about what to do or say because you are

nervous or unwilling
occurrence sleep
taxing used to say that it is difficult or impossible to

decide which of two things happened first, or which
action is the cause and which is the effect
hesitant feelings of sadness
linger something that happens
issue a subject or problem that is often discussed or

argued about, especially a social or political matter
that affects the interests of a lot of people
hand in hand a confusing and difficult problem
Task 4
13
Task 5
1) What do you think the main idea of the article is?
2) What are possible causes of nightmares?
3) What did the survey reveal?
4) What should you do if you undergo trouble sleeping?
5) Have you ever been subjected to problems mentioned in the article? If yes, what
methods did you use to solve the problems?
Task 6
exercise in the correct form (there’s one word / phrase that you do not need to
use)
1) Yet, some large publishers are still _______________ about committing any
money to a black magazine project.
2) We‘d better get some ________________.
3) The minister used his speech to highlight the ________________ of global
warming.
4) I often get __________________ in February, before the spring arrives.
5) Economic progress goes __________________ with environmental
responsibility.
6) This broader problem touched on such philosophical ____________________
as who we are and what our place is in the universe.
7) Summer weather has ________________ longer than usual.
8) The frequent ___________________ of earthquakes in the area means that the
buildings must be specifically designed to withstand the force.
9) The job was ________________, but there were some good moments.
Task 7
Render the article
Task 8
Write an essay on the following topic: “Trouble sleeping. Solutions”
Task 9
Speak on the following topic: “Trouble sleeping. Solutions”
14
Unit 2. Broadcast Journalism
Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are "broadcast", that
is, published by electrical methods instead of the older methods, such as printed
newspapers and posters. Broadcast methods include radio (via air, cable, and
Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web. Such
media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.
Scripts for broadcast tend to be written differently from text to be read by the
public. For instance, the former is generally less complex and more
conversational. Radio and television are designed to be seen and heard sooner and
more often than a daily or weekly newspaper.
Task 1
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms: broadcast, via air, scripts.
Now follow the link, watch and find out the latest news from BBC world
http://www.bbc.com/news/video_and_audio/headlines/10462520/one-minute-
world-news
Task 2.
Discuss the questions:
1) What are the main issues mentioned in the news report?
2) Which topic has been given the greatest attention?
3) Which topics have been highlighted in passing?
4) Can you sum up the information presented in the news report?
Task 3
You are offered to make a similar news report, highlighting the main topical
issues. You may include several topics concerning politics, culture, health,
weather, sport, science, etc. Present your news report.
15
Unit 3. Digital (Online) Journalism
Digital journalism also known as online journalism is a contemporary form of

journalism where editorial content is distributed via the Internet as opposed to
publishing via print or broadcast. What constitutes 'digital journalism' is debated
by scholars. However the primary product of journalism, which is news and
features on current affairs, is presented solely or in combination as text, audio,
video, or some interactive forms like newsgames, and disseminated through digital
media technology.
Fewer barriers to entry, lowered distribution costs, and diverse computer
networking technologies have led to the widespread practice of digital journalism.
It has democratized the flow of information that was previously controlled by
traditional media including newspapers, magazines, radio, and television.
Some have asserted that a greater degree of creativity can be exercised with
digital journalism when compared to traditional journalism and traditional media.
The digital aspect may be central to the journalistic message and remains, to some
extent, within the creative control of the writer, editor, and/or publisher.
Task 1
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms: interactive forms, barriers to
entry, the flow of information, lowered distribution costs, diverse computer
networking technologies.
Read the following article and do the tasks
OUR BLUE PLANET

One thousand metres below the Antarctic ice
By Martin Poyntz-Roberts & Nicola Brown
A submarine dive to 1000 metres under the Antarctic ice fields enabled
the Blue Planet II team to record remarkable life for episode The Deep.
No human had visited such depths of Antarctica before.
16
Two years in the making, this voyage into the unknown has not only
led to a stunning sequence that plunges us into an alien world, rich in
biomass and full of life, it has also opened up opportunities for scientific
study.
On 13 December 2016, five humans in two submersibles reached a depth of 1000m in the waters of the
Antarctic Sound (Credit: James Honeyborne/BBC NHU 2017).
The deep ocean is as challenging to explore as deep space; we have

more detailed maps of the surface of Mars than the ocean floor. Journeying
into this unexplored world gives us an insight into the creatures that thrive in
such extreme conditions and offers scientists a unique view of life on the sea
bed: vital for future conservation work to protect the sea bed. It took two
years to prepare for the expedition. A deep channel off the northern tip of the
Antarctic Peninsula (ominously known as ‗Iceberg Alley‘) was eventually
selected for the dive. This presented its own challenges: the submersible had
to dodge the shifting ice with some bergs the size of cars, others are the size
of Hyde Park in London.
James Honeyborne,
executive producer,
describes the huge
technical challenge of
negotiating iceberg
alley as being like a
17
giant game of space invaders and no-one knew how the submersibles would
cope under such stress.
Previously, remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have visited the
depths of the Antarctic Ocean with initial findings suggesting that an
abundance of life can be found in the icy depths, rivaling even tropical coral
reefs. This expedition certainly did not disappoint. The Blue Planet II crew
discovered a seabed crammed with life, from ‗ice dragon‘ fish to giant sea-
spiders; Antarctic snail-fish and swimming feather stars.
Dr Jon Copley, associate professor at the University of Southampton,
has been a driving force behind the expedition. "Sending people a kilometre
deep into the ocean around Antarctica for the first time shows that there is
no longer any part of our blue planet that is inaccessible to us, if we can find
the will to go there" says Copley. "Unlike the harsh Antarctic conditions
above the waves, the deep ocean here is a haven for life – thanks to almost
24-hour sunlight where we were diving, plankton bloom and krill feast on
them, in turn ensuring plenty of food reaches the seafloor. The abundance of
life down there is spectacular, with two-metre barrel sponges and giant sea-
spiders with 40 cm leg spans.
In the deep waters of the Antarctic Sound, the Blue Planet II team found acarpet of life, teeming with
dense coverage of invertebrates including 2m tall giant sponges (Credit: BBC 2017).
This abundance in life is due in part to a downward current that

resembles underwater snow, silently falling. Nutrients at the surface are
important for plankton but what really feeds the deep here is krill poo.
18
Forming a rich soft mud on the seafloor. Besides the abundance of marine
invertebrates, the crew also filmed some remarkable species of fish that have
also made this habitat home. Copley recalls a favourite sighting: "One of my
favourite fish that we saw was the "ice dragon", which has clear blood
without any of the oxygen-carrying haemoglobin that gives ours its red
colour. In the cold water, enough oxygen dissolves directly in the fluid of the
fish's blood to keep it alive."
A feather star dances in the deep waters of the Antarctic Sound (Credit: BBC 2017).
New data discovered on this expedition has implications on fishing

policy in the Antarctic and Marine Protection Areas in the region. Copley
says: "On these dives, we watched the everyday lives of Antarctic deep-sea
animals, helping us to understand them much better than studying specimens
collected by nets or trawls from ships – and helping us to investigate how
our own lives are connected to this remote yet fragile environment."
Task 2
Look at the words taken from the article. Find and write their equivalents in
Russian
enable
stunning
thrive
19
dodge
harsh
invertebrates
species
habitat
dissolve
fragile
Task 3
enable to become very successful or very strong and
healthy
stunning severe, cruel, or unkind
thrive the natural home of a plant or animal
dodge to gradually become smaller or weaker before

disappearing, or to make something do this
harsh to make it possible for someone to do something, or

for something to happen
invertebrates to move quickly to avoid someone or something
species a group of animals or plants whose members are

similar and can breed together to produce young
animals or plants
habitat easily broken or damaged
dissolve extremely attractive or beautiful
fragile a living creature that does not have a backbone
Task 4
20
Task 5
Complete the sentences with one of the words from the previous exercise (in
the correct form)
1) Relations between the two countries are in a _________________ state.
2) The movie has received ______________ criticism from the press.
3) Amateur experimental breeding of Cleaner Shrimps has already been mentioned
as a good example of a mobile ________________ which could be chosen.
4) I can hardly wait – I hear some of John's outfits are quite ________________.
5) Maria's objections to the plan began to __________________.
6) They've devised a series of guidelines that will __________________ the
beauty spot to stay both commercially viable and beautiful.
7) Linda was intelligent enough to recognize when a question was being
___________________.
8) It is still unclear whether dotcom companies will continue to
___________________ in the long-term future.
9) The area contains many rare _____________________ of plants.
10) Dolphins are vulnerable to these poisons because of their coastal
___________________.
Task 6
Mark the statements true or false (correct the false ones)
1) Some corners of space are explored better that some deep corners of the ocean.
2) It took scientists more than 5 years to submerge into the depths of Antarctica.
3) The project was rather beneficial.
4) People have never used any equipment to investigate the depths of the
Antarctic Ocean before.
5) The variety of life in the depths of Antarctica appeared to be rather scarce.
6) Scientists managed to discover some unusual species of fish.
Task 7
Render the article
21
Unit 4. Photojournalism
Photojournalism is a particular form of journalism (the collecting, editing, and

presenting of news material for publication or broadcast) that employs images in
order to tell a news story. It is now usually understood to refer only to still images,
but in some cases the term also refers to video used in broadcast journalism.
Photojournalism is distinguished from other close branches of photography (e.g.,
documentary photography, social documentary photography, street photography
or celebrity photography) by complying with a rigid ethical framework which
demands that the work be both honest and impartial whilst telling the story in
strictly journalistic terms. Photojournalists create pictures that contribute to the
news media, and help communities connect with one other. Photojournalists must
be well informed and knowledgeable about events happening right outside their
door. They deliver news in a creative format that is not only informative, but also
entertaining. The main principles of photojournalism are:
Timeliness
The images have meaning in the context of a recently published record of events.
Objectivity
The situation implied by the images is a fair and accurate representation of the
events they depict in both content and tone.
Narrative
The images combine with other news elements to make facts relatable to
audiences.
Like a writer, a photojournalist is a reporter, but he or she must often make
decisions instantly and carry photographic equipment, often while exposed to
significant obstacles (e.g., physical danger, weather, crowds, physical access).
To your attention: 2 photo stories taken from BBC official site
22
In pictures: Christians celebrate Easter
around the world
Pictures from around the world capture Christians celebrating Easter, their holiest
time of year.
Pope Francis led the Easter Mass at St Peter's Square in Vatican City on Easter
Sunday - Christianity's holiest day.
The colourful Swiss Guards waited in front of St Peter's Basilica for the arrival of
the Pope.
23
The traditional Easter Sunday dip in Manila Bay went ahead despite government
health warnings about the polluted waters.
Pakistani Christians attended an Easter Vigil Mass at the Sacred Heart Church in
Lahore.
Indian Christian devotees presented coloured Easter Eggs with a Christian Cross
symbol in Bangalore.
24
Catholics gathered after sunset in the village of Ragotna, Belarus, to kindle an
Easter fire. The fire is traditionally used to light a holy candle that the priest carries
ceremonially into the darkened church.
Pope Francis led a service in the Vatican on Saturday, in the majestic confines of
Saint Peter's Basilica.
The pontiff also baptised a man during the service. Holy Saturday is a popular day
for welcoming new members into the Christian faith.
25
The bunny's been busy! In Torrance, California, children took part in a giant Easter
egg hunt with more than 75,000 eggs
But in Feuerthalen, Switzerland, it was all about egg painting. For Christians, the
eggs are a symbol of the resurrection of Jesus.
Bullfighters took to the ring during the Easter festivities in Arles, southern France.
The annual event, called the "Feria de Paques", marks the start of the bullfighting
season there.
26
These Chinese Catholics in Shanghai were snapped waiting beneath pictures of
Pope John Paul II and the Virgin Mary.
This crowd is made up of priests on a pilgrimage in Bucharest, Romania, ahead of

Orthodox Palm Sunday. Many Orthodox churches base their Easter date on the
Julian calendar, not the Gregorian calendar used by Western countries. This year,
Orthodox Easter Sunday will fall on 8 April.
Reference: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-43608809
Task 1
Look at the words from the photo story. Find and write their equivalents in
Russian
sacred
devotees
confines
27
baptise
resurrection
pilgrimage
Task 2
sacred a journey to a holy place for religious reasons
devotee(s) someone who enjoys or admires someone or

something very much
confines a situation in which something old or forgotten

returns or becomes important again
baptise 1) relating to a god or religion, 2) very important or

greatly respected
resurrection limits or borders
pilgrimage to accept someone as a member of a particular

Christian church after a certain ceremony
Task 3
Make your own photo story based on the current events
In pictures: CAUGHT BETWEEN TWO

SEAS: INDIA’S RESILIENT “GHOST
TOWN”
A little more than 50 years ago, Dhanushkodi was nearly wiped from the map.
But those who call it home refused to stay away.
By Deepti Asthana
27 March 2018
28
A land nearly lost
One of India‘s most spectacular coastal stretches, Dhanushkodi is a spit of
land perched off Tamil Nadu‘s Pamban Island near the country‘s southernmost tip.
It lies 20km east of the town of Rameswaram – home to the Ramanathaswamy
Temple, a renowned Hindu pilgrimage site – and the Sri Lanka border is only 18
nautical miles (33km) to the east.
During the early 20th Century, when India was still under British rule,
Dhanushkodi was a flourishing trade town with a police station, church, railway
station, school and more than 600 homes. Its location made it a critical connection
between India and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), and several ferry services ran between
Dhanushkodi and Talaimannar in Ceylon, transporting travellers and traders alike.
But the shoreline‘s beauty masks a terrible past. A little more than 50 years ago,
Dhanushkodi was nearly wiped from the map.
Helpless against the fury

29
The sea dictates life in any coastal town, and Dhanushkodi, flanked on one
side by the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean on the other, has two bodies of
water to contend with. Local fishermen call the Bay of Bengal ‗Penn Kadal‘ (the
‗feminine sea‘) as it is calmer than Indian Ocean. They fish on this side during
summer; when the shifting wind turns the Bay of Bengal‘s waters choppy, they
move to the Indian Ocean where conditions are better.
Although villagers depend on the sea for their livelihood, they are helpless
when it unleashes its fury. In December 1964, a massive cyclone changed the fate of
this place forever, ripping apart the community and killing hundreds of people. ―We
were on the higher ground, so we survived,‖ said 66-year-old Muniyaswami. ―My
family and I walked all night to reach Rameswaram, when the water was almost to
my shoulders.‖
An abandoned town.
The cyclone left the southern portion of Dhanushkodi – including a number
of homes, roads and places of worship – submerged 5m below the sea. As a result,
the town was declared ‗unfit for human habitation‘ by the Indian government, and
survivors were relocated to Rameswaram. But it‘s difficult to keep fishermen from
the sea; despite the government‘s insistence that they rebuild their lives elsewhere,
many villagers returned to live in the ruins of their former home. There is no
electricity, nor is there piped water, medical services or any other amenities.
The roughly 400 villagers – some of whom survived the cyclone 50 years
ago – get by with just a handful of kitchen utensils and basic fishing equipment. Life
30
is by no means easy. They live in makeshift thatched houses and dig wells with their
bare hands in search of drinking water, which are rendered useless by invading
seawater within a week.
Upholding tradition
Dhanushkodi‘s remaining residents fish the way their families have for
generations. Some use a method known as olla vella, in which fishermen tie palm
leaves (pictured) to the net to prevent any fish from escaping while the net is pulled
in to shore. Others venture out at night to haul up fish in their nets, returning to shore
in the early morning, relying on the wind, stars and waves to guide them. (Credit:
Deepti Asthana)
Unflinching courage
Every villager is involved in the fishing business. Once the men return to
shore, the women sort the fish and take them to sell at Rameswaram market. Some
31
women even work side-by-side with the men to haul the nets to shore. Amudha and
Selvi were just two and five years old when their father left them and their mother
25 years ago. Selvi (right) started working when she was just eight years old, while
Amudha continued her studies until she was 12. Now they earn up to a dollar a day
for their work pulling nets and selling fish.
A dangerous business
The anglers risk their lives every day on the unforgiving seas. With the Sri
Lankan Navy a heavy coastal presence in these waters, the fishermen of
Dhanushkodi live in constant fear of being caught accidentally floating out of Indian
waters. One local confided that they often switch off their boat engines at night for
fear of the Sri Lankan Navy and row their boats across the pitch-black sea to reach
home safely.
A journey of faith to land’s end
32
Inaugurated in July 2017, a road now stretches from Rameswaram to
Dhanushkodi‘s Arichal Munai (Erosion Point), the confluence of the sea and the
ocean. It was here that the Hindu Lord Rama is said to have used the end of his bow
to mark the spot where he would build a bridge, known as Rama Setu, to rescue his
wife Sita from the demon-king Ravana, who held her hostage in what is now Sri
Lanka. Hindus believe that the islets visible from Arichal Munai are remnants of
Rama Setu. Pilgrims come here year-round to perform the last rites of their loved
ones, scattering their ashes in the sea.
An uncertain future
Dhanushkodi and the surrounding seas are known for their biodiversity.
January brings migratory pink flamingos, and in July, sea turtle lay eggs on the
beaches. Offshore, crabs, lobsters and exotic fish are snared and exported to
different parts of India and the world. Over the past 50 years, the villagers have
come to depend on the preservation of Dhanushkodi‘s environment – particularly its
marine life. While older villagers pull in fishing nets, children fish by hand in
shallower areas, pushing aside seaweed clusters to better see what lies beneath the
water‘s surface.
However, the villagers live in constant fear of losing their home once again.
Last year, The Times of India reported that the local government plans to develop
Dhanushkodi for tourism. Only time will tell if this will bring this fishing
community new opportunities, or cost them their livelihood.
33
A new generation
Although the government doesn‘t encourage residence in the village, it does
provide assistance when possible. In 2006, the state administration established a
public school in Dhanushkodi. The 50 or so children who attend have dreams of
becoming engineers, doctors and government officials. Pavithra (centre) wants to be
a teacher. Dhanushkodi‘s children share a love for the ocean that can be traced back
generations. But there also exists a hope for a future beyond anything their parents
could have imagined.
Reference: http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20180326-caught-between-two-seas-
indias-resilient-ghost-town
Task 1
Look at the words from the article. Find and write their equivalents in
Russian
pilgrimage
contend with
choppy
submerge
amenities
venture out
34
unflinching
confluence
remnant
rite
islet
resilient
Task 2
pilgrimage able to become strong, happy, or successful again
after a difficult situation or event
contend with to go under the surface of the water and be

completely covered by it
choppy a very small island
submerge a ceremony that is always performed in the same

way, usually for religious purposes
amenities the place where two or more rivers flow together
venture out take risks
unflinching a small part of something that remains after the rest

of it has been used, destroyed, or eaten
confluence something that makes a place comfortable or easy

to live in
remnant water that has a lot of waves and is not smooth to

sail on
rite not changing or becoming weaker, even in a very

difficult or dangerous situation
islet to have to deal with something difficult or

unpleasant
resilient a journey to a holy place for religious reasons
35
Task 3
Provide your own examples with the active vocabulary
Task 4
Make your own photo story based on current events
36
Section 2
GENRES OF JOURNALISM
Unit 1. Informational Journalism
Informational (it is also called western) journalism is quite specific. First, there is
no opinion of the journalist in it. This is the journalism of fact. And its main raw
materials are not your personal opinion, but a fact. Sometimes naked. Information
journalism is also called objective, as there is no subjectivity in it at all. Secondly,
at the head of everything here is an event. More precisely, its essence. A story
about the most important thing here may well break the chronology. This is called
the Principle of the Pyramid, or anti-history.
Task 1
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms: journalism of fact,
subjectivity, naked fact, objectivity, essence of event.
To your attention is an example of the informational journalism
Sellafield nuclear plant faces prosecution

after worker exposed to dangerous
amounts of radiation
It is the first prosecution taken by the Office for Nuclear Regulation since it
was established in 2014
Nuclear reprocessing plant Sellafield is being prosecuted by the UK's
nuclear safety regulator after an employee was exposed to dangerous levels of
radiation.
37
The Office for Nuclear Regulation (ONR) said it was taking action over an
incident in February in which a worker at the facility, which handles special
nuclear materials, was contaminated.
A spokesperson for the ONR said: "For legal reasons we are unable to
comment further on the details of the case which is now the subject of active court
proceedings."
Action will be taken for offences under Section 2 of the Health and Safety
at Work Act, which states: "It shall be the duty of every employer to ensure, so far
as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare at work of all his
employees." Proceedings will be held in Workington Magistrates' Court in due
course. It is the first prosecution taken by the ONR since it was established in
2014.
Sellafield is a nuclear decommissioning and fuel reprocessing plant close to
the village of Seascale in Cumbria, and is the site of the world's first commercial
nuclear power station to generate electricity. It consists of the original nuclear site
at Windscale, which is being decommissioned, and its neighbour Calder Hall,
which is also undergoing decommissioning.
Task 2
Russian
prosecution
nuclear
facility
contaminate
ensure
welfare
undergo
offence
38
Task 3
prosecution relating to or involving the central part of an atom,
or the energy produced
nuclear to make a place or substance dirty or harmful by

putting something such as chemicals or poison in it
facility when a charge is made against someone for a

crime, or when someone is judged for a crime in a
court of law
contaminate an illegal action or a crime
ensure to make certain that something will happen

properly
welfare if you have a change, an unpleasant experience etc.,

it happens to you or is done to you
undergo someone‘s health and happiness
offence a special part of a piece of equipment or a system

which makes it possible to do something
Task 4
Task 5
1) Failure to hand over the documents could result in criminal
_________________.
2) All the necessary steps had been taken to ________________ their safety.
3) Make use of the hotel ________________, which are excellent.
4) Doctors have to _______________ years of training.
5) The pollution could seriously _________________ agricultural land.
6) He had committed the ________________ of dangerous driving.
7) This is the first stage of a ________________ reaction which can lead to an
explosion.
8) The amount of money that the government spends on ________________ has
halved in the past decade.
39
Task 6
You are offered to write a news article, highlighting the main topical issues of local
news (you can embrace 5-6 news). You may include several topics concerning
politics, culture, health, weather, sport, science, etc.
Unit 2. Analytical Journalism
Analytical journalism is a field of journalism that seeks to make sense of complex

reality in order to create public understanding. It combines aspects of investigative
journalism and explanatory reporting. Analytic journalism can be seen as a
response to professionalized communication from powerful agents, information
overload, and growing complexity in a globalised world. It aims to create
evidence-based interpretations of reality, often confronting dominant ways of
understanding a specific phenomenon.
It is distinctive in terms of research practices and journalistic product. At times, it
uses methods from social science research. The journalist gains expertise on a
particular topic, to identify a phenomenon that is not readily obvious. At its best,
investigative journalism is deeply analytic, but its intent is primarily to expose.
Analytic journalism's primary aim is to explain. It contextualizes its subject by
describing background, historical details and statistical data. The goal is a
comprehensive explanation that shapes audience perception of the phenomenon.
Analytic journalism aspires to collect disparate data and make connections that
are not immediately apparent. Its effectiveness is often in the analysis between the
facts rather than the facts themselves and is critically engaged with other
arguments and explanations. In this way, analytic journalists attempt to give a
deeper understanding of an issue.
Task 1
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms: investigative journalism,
explanatory reporting, evidence-based interpretations of reality, shape audience
perception, a deeper understanding of an issue.
40
Let‘s have a look at the article taken from BBC official site
Lake Chad: Can the vanishing lake be saved?

By Will Ross BBC Africa regional editor
Lake Chad - a source of water to millions of people in West Africa -

has shrunk by nine-tenths due to climate change, population growth and
irrigation. But can a scheme dating back to the 1980s save it?
"It's a ridiculous plan and it will never happen." That's the reaction many
people have to the idea of trying to fill up Lake Chad and restore it to its former
ocean-like glory by diverting water from the Congo river system 2,400km (1,500
miles) away.
Sceptics in Nigeria, who have seen successive governments fail even to
make the lights work, wonder if the region's politicians have nodded off and have
been dreaming a little too hard. But the government ministers and engineers who
were recently sipping mineral water in the capital, Abuja, at the International
Conference on Lake Chad had good reason to be thinking outside the box.
Lake Chad has shrunk by 90% since the 1960s, due to climate change,
an increase in the population and unplanned irrigation. Its basin covers parts of
Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon, and has been a water source for between 20
million and 30 million people.
But with the desert encroaching further every year, it is getting increasingly
difficult for families to make a living through agriculture, fishing and livestock
41
farming. The UN says 10.7 million people in the Lake Chad basin need
humanitarian relief to survive.
"We used to pass fields of maize on our way to the lake and there were vast
numbers of boats bobbing up and down on the water back then, and huge fish
markets," says Bale Bura, who grew up by the lake in the 1970s and now works for
the Lake Chad Fishermen's Association.
Now far fewer farmers are able to earn a living on the mineral-rich but
bone-dry shores. This is one reason why the delegates in Abuja decided to dust off
a scheme first mooted back in 1982 by the Italian engineering company Bonifica
Spa. It came up with Transaqua – a plan to construct a 2,400km (1,500 mile) canal
to transfer water from the upstream tributaries of the mighty Congo River all the
way to the Chari River basin, which feeds Lake Chad.
'Deafening silence'
It proposed the transfer of up to 100 billion cubic metres (3.5 trillion cubic
feet) of water a year and featured a series of dams along the route to generate
42
electricity. "I sent one of our engineers to the USA, to purchase the only reliable
maps of Africa, which were made by the US Air Force and were the only maps
with contour lines," says Marcello Vichi, the Italian engineer who was asked to
look into the idea during the early 1980s."After a couple of months of solitary
study, I announced to the then chief executive that this thing could be done." He
says 500 copies of the plans were sent out in 1985 to government representatives
of every African country, as well as international financial agencies. "The response
was a deafening silence," he adds.
But more than three decades later, minds are finally focusing on the lake's
shrinkage, prompted by its link to the deadly geopolitical crises of Islamist
militancy and migration.
In 2014, I headed out of the north-east Nigerian city of Maiduguri towards
Lake Chad in a new minibus. There were armoured vehicles in front as well as
behind, and right next to me was a Nigerian soldier – fast asleep. Our destination
was Kirenawa, the latest village that the marauding Boko Haram jihadists had
terrorised.
As the road became steadily sandier, we entered a long-neglected area,
passing the faded signs of abandoned government projects in ever hotter and
sleepier villages.
Buildings had been torched and people had been left terrified, watching as
others were killed in front of them. In all the villages, people complained there was
nothing for young people to do, nothing to dream of except getting out.
'Ugly kinds of jobs'
It had become a perfect recruiting ground for the Islamist militants. The
offer of a little cash and the promise of some training and a gun persuaded many to
join. Of course, Lake Chad's decline is not the sole reason for the rise of violent
extremism – a number of factors including poor governance have also played a role
– but there is clearly a link. "I know many young people from my own village who
got into these ugly kinds of jobs," Mr Bura says.
43
As if the delegates gathering in Abuja last month needed reminding of how
dire the security situation had become, more than 100 schoolgirls had just been
seized from Dapchi, Nigeria.
At the meeting, it was agreed that Bonifica and Power China, the company
that helped build the Three Gorges dam spanning the Yangtze River, would
complete a feasibility study. They announced that the effort to raise $50bn (£35bn)
for the Lake Chad Fund should begin immediately.
Bonifica says its plan will use less than 8% of the water the Congo River
discharges into the Atlantic and would not be a threat to the Democratic Republic
of Congo's continuing Grand Inga Dam project, which would create the world's
largest hydropower generator if it is completed.
Further engineering work would be needed to enable the Chari River to
handle the increased flow of water. The project can be done in a staggered way,
with each completed stage immediately adding to the flow of water into the Lake
Chad basin.
Other options that have been considered include one which involves
pumping the water uphill from Palambo, in the Central African Republic. As well
as the funding challenge for Transaqua, there will be resistance from
environmental campaigners to overcome. And even carrying out the feasibility
study properly requires peace.
Chinese media has reported the transfer canal would be 100m (328ft) wide
and 10m (33ft) deep and would be flanked by a service road and eventually a rail
44
line. "It is a project which responds to the never-tackled infrastructural needs of the
African continent, which maybe will give birth to a real African renaissance," says
Mr Vichi, who sees all along the route of the canal vast potential for agro-
processing and transforming agricultural products for African and foreign markets.
Ministers know life is likely to get ever tougher for the people who live
around Lake Chad. That's why they are paying attention to the plans to bring it
back to life.
Task 2
Russian
irrigation
encroach
maize
tributary
shrinkage
decline
enable
renaissance
tough
relief
Task 3
irrigation a tall plant with large yellow seeds that grow
together on a cob (=long hard part), and that are
cooked and eaten as a vegetable
encroach land or crops supply with water
maize becoming weaker or shorter
45
tributary a stream or river that flows into a larger river
shrinkage a new interest in something, especially a particular

form of art, music etc., that has not been popular for
a long period
decline a decrease in the quality, quantity, or importance of

something
enable to gradually cover more and more land
renaissance difficult to do or deal with
tough a feeling of comfort when something frightening,

worrying, or painful has ended or has not happened
relief to make it possible for someone to do something, or

for something to happen
Task 4
Task 5
the correct form)
1) The principal river systems and their major ______________ are described
below.
2) This move is intended to stop the _______________ in the banking industry.
3) The stored water is then used for _____________ of nearby agricultural land.
4) To my _______________, they spoke English.
5) Since the 1980's there has been a ________________ of interest in ethnography.
6) The ________________ crops have almost completely failed for several years
running.
7) We can expect a further ________________ in job vacancies.
8) The reporters were asking a lot of _________________ questions.
9) Our main goal is to _______________ healthy change and growth.
10) This is the chalk of the plains, although it ________________ upon the slopes,
most notably in the northern Montagne.
46
Task 6
1) There are 3 main reasons of lake Chad‘s shrinking, and one of them is climate
change.
2) It covers the territory of 5 countries.
3) The farming area is declining and it‘s becoming more difficult for people to
make a living.
4) The first project of the lake saving was offered by the French.
5) The project was immediately accepted and approved.
6) The project of the lake saving may give the second birth to the African
continent.
Task 7
Render the article
Unit 3. Artistic Journalism
Artistic and publicistic genres are usually referred to as "author's" or "writer's"

journalism, thereby emphasizing their special character. It manifests itself
primarily in the increased demands on language, artistic imagery, the emotional
richness of texts, the depth of the author's generalization of reality.
Task
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms: artistic imagery, the
emotional richness of texts, the depth of the author's generalization of reality.
Let’s have a closer look at different genres of journalism in details
3.1. Short note
It contains some details or the fact itself. It is information that consists of ten to
thirty lines and it has its own headline. The collection is published more often.
Information that is more extended details the events. It can be characterization of
47
the characters, comparison, historical background, etc. Required availability of
entry and ending. A subtitle is allowed.
Read the note below and do the tasks
London at risk of earthquake after two faultlines are

found beneath the city
London has two small fault lines running beneath it which could cause an
earthquake. A geologist from Imperial College London discovered two faults that
are large enough to cause a small magnitude 5 earthquake.
This could happen once every thousand years, said Dr Richard Ghail, a
specialist in civil and environmental engineering at Imperial College.
The risk of a quake is ‗enough to be scary but not fundamentally a
problem‘, he said, according to The Telegraph. The faults move between 1mm and
2mm a year. One was found beneath central London and another underneath
Canary Wharf.
However, the research showed that our previous view of London as an
unshakable place of geological stability was incorrect. ‗It now looks a modestly
active, very heavily faulted, complicated area,‘ he added. ‗It‘s probably gone from
the simplest to most complex geology in the UK.‘ London was hit by an
earthquake was back in the 1770s.
To make sure we‘re safe, new buildings in
the city will be made so they can withstand a quake
registering 6.5 on the Richter Scale. A category 5
earthquake ‗can cause damage of varying severity
to poorly constructed buildings‘ and ‗none to slight
damage to all other building‘. But you‘ll certainly
feel it. Researchers say such a tremor would cause
the same amount of shaking a tube platform
experiences when two trains go past.
48
Task 1
Russian
civil
fault
modestly
complicated
withstand
damage
severity
cause
Task 2
civil 1) a large crack in the rocks that form the Earth‘s
surface; 2) mistake
fault to be strong enough to remain unharmed by

something such as great heat, cold, pressure etc.
modest(ly) seriousness of smth.
complicated difficult to understand or deal with, because many

parts or details are involved
withstand to make something happen, especially something

bad
damage not wanting to talk about your abilities or

achievements and to say that you are good at
something, even when you are – used to show
approval
severity a bad effect on something
cause relating to the people who live in a country
49
Task 3
Task 4
the correct form)
1) She was surprisingly __________________ about her own achievements as a
player.
2) Troops have been called in to deal with _________________ disturbances.
3) The _____________________ to his reputation was considerable.
4) Heavy traffic is __________________ delays on the freeway.
5) We didn‘t realize the ________________ of our situation.
6) I didn‘t sleep well that night, but it was my own ____________________.
7) The bridge is built to ___________________ an earthquake of 8.3 magnitude.
8) The human brain is an incredibly _________________ organ.
Task 5
1) The two faults are serious enough to cause an earthquake.
2) The faults move quite fast.
3) The last earthquake in London dates back to the eighteenth century.
4) Previously London was considered to be a geologically stable place.
5) There is a plan to build new strong constructions which would be able to remain
unharmed in case of an earthquake.
Task 6
Write a short note (between 10 and 30 lines) to highlight one of the up-to-date
topics
50
3.2. Report (account)
A report or account is an informational work, such as writing, speech, television

or film, made with the intention of relaying information or recounting events in a
presentable form.
A report is made with the specific intention of relaying information or recounting
certain events in a way that is concise, factual and relevant to the audience at
hand. Reports may be conveyed through a written medium, speech, television, or
film. In professional spheres, reports are a common and vital communication tool.
Additionally, reports may be official or unofficial, and can be listed publicly or
only available privately depending on the specific scenario.
Such material can be of any size, it all depends only on the significance of the
event. The thematic report covers 2 important issues, the general one – contains
the facts, stated in chronological order, and the report with the comments –
contains the statement of one's own point of view, as well as the presentation of the
main events.
Read the report below and do the tasks
‗Final search‘ for the Loch Ness Monster as experts comb

the waters for his DNA
Jane Wharton Friday 8 Jun 2018 7:47 am
51
DNA experts are embarking on what has been called the ‗final and
definitive search‘ for the Loch Ness monster. Scientists are hoping to finally solve
the centuries-old mystery as they carry out a thorough investigation of the loch‘s
waters.
The international team of scientists led by Professor Neil Gemmell, of the
University of Otago in New Zealand, are attempting to identify every organism
present in the loch.
They‘re spending two weeks collecting samples from the 200m-plus depths
of UK‘s largest freshwater body. They‘ll then use DNA sequencing technology,
first developed for the Human Genome Project, to match all the DNA they extract
against gene databases to determine exactly what lives in the loch – and what
doesn‘t.
Molecular ecologist Lucio Marcello, who is part of the global team of scientists, who will sample the waters to
identify tiny DNA remnants left behind by life in Loch Ness. (Picture: PA)
The group currently have the use of two boats, one for shore sampling from
the Rivers and Loch Institute UHI and the other a ‗Deepscan‘ vessel for the deep
water thanks to the Loch Ness Project. All living creatures leave behind some
remnants – fur, skin, scales, even urine or drool – that is a unique identifier.
Scientists can sift out the individual species‘ DNA from samples they take. Prof
Gemmell, himself a Nessie-sceptic, said: ‗What we are going to do over the next
couple of weeks is sample extensively across the loch, extract DNA from it and try
52
to understand what organisms are present within the loch in June 2018.‘ He said he
will be surprised if there is any evidence of DNA sequences similar to those likely
to come from a large extinct marine reptile, the so called ‗Jurassic hypothesis‘, but
is open minded about what they might find.
Otago University scientist Neil Gemmell from New Zealand takes environmental DNA samples to study what
species may, or may not be, in the Loch. (Picture: SWNS)
He said: ‗Large fish like catfish and sturgeons have been suggested as
possible explanations for the monster myth and we can very much test that idea
and others. ‗While the prospect of looking for evidence of the Loch Ness monster
is the hook to this project, there is an extraordinary amount of new knowledge that
we will gain from the work about organisms that inhabit Loch Ness – the UK‘s
largest freshwater body.‘
Professor Gemmell has assembled a team of global science leaders from the UK,
Denmark, US, Australia and France, as well as Adrian Shine of the Loch Ness
Project. The team is carrying out its investigation at the loch this month.
53
The Super Natural History team will see if there are any DNA remains of Nessie. (Picture: PA)
VisitScotland said the Nessie phenomenon is worth millions to the Scottish

economy, with hundreds of thousands of visitors travelling to Loch Ness every
year to catch a glimpse of the mythical monster. Unusual items previously found in
the loch include a 30ft long Loch Ness monster model discovered on the loch bed
in 2016 during a sonar search by Kongsberg Maritime and supported by The Loch
Ness Project and VisitScotland. The model was a prop from the 1970 film The
Private Life of Sherlock Holmes, directed by Billy Wilder and starring Robert
Stephens and Christopher Lee. It is believed the model sank after its buoyant
humps were removed.
Read more: https://metro.co.uk/2018/06/08/final-search-loch-ness-monster-

experts-comb-waters-dna-7614783/?ito=cbshare
Task 1
Russian
carry out
thorough
determine
54
vessel
species
extinct
evidence
hypothesis
Task 2
carry out an idea that is suggested as an explanation for
something, but that has not yet been proved to be
true
thorough including every possible detail
determine a group of animals or plants whose members are

similar and can breed together to produce young
animals or plants
vessel facts or signs that show clearly that something

exists or is true
species a ship or large boat
extinct to do something that needs to be organized and

planned
evidence to find out the facts about something
hypothesis a type of animal or plant that does not exist

anymore
Task 3
Task 4
the correct form)
1) The police investigation was very ____________________.
55
2) We hope that further research will confirm our ___________________.
3) The _______________ is about 30 miles off the Baja California coast, in
international waters.
4) Investigators are still trying to __________________ the cause of the fire.
5) At present we have no _________________ of life on other planets.
6) Pandas could become __________________ in the wild.
7) We need to _____________________ more research.
8) The park is a sanctuary for 41 endangered __________________.
Task 5
1) How long have the international team of scientists been working in the loch?
2) How are they going to identify the creatures living in the loch?
3) What are the prospects of their current research?
4) What happened in 2016?
5) What equipment do the researchers use in their expedition?
Task 6
Write a report to highlight one of the up-to-date topics
Task 7
Present your report
3.3. Reportage
A reportage is a visual representation of how an eyewitness journalist perceives an

event. This kind of information itself combines elements of all these genres. The
report can be illustrated with photographs. It happens:
• event;
• thematic;
• staged.
56
A sketch is a description of the situation and a generalization of the facts. A lively,
short, and imaginative story about your own impressions.
Now follow the links, watch the reportages connected with different topical issues
and do the tasks
https://www.bbc.com/news/video_and_audio/headlines/44402582/trump-kim-
summit-can-you-achieve-peace-on-a-plate
https://www.bbc.com/news/video_and_audio/headlines/44376661/why-turkey-s-
election-matters-to-you
Task 1. Discuss the questions:

1) What are the reportages about? What sphere of life do they both refer to?
2) Are both issues highlighted properly from your point of view?
3) Which topic do you find to be more serious / more controversial / more biased?
4) Which topic are you personally more interested in?
5) Which issue would you like to expand? Why?
Task 2
You are offered to make a reportage, highlighting one or two topical issues (those
of your own country or worldwide). You may consider topics concerning politics,
culture, health, weather, sport, science, etc. Present your reportage.
3.4. Journalistic interview
A journalistic interview takes the form of a conversation between two or more

people: interviewer(s) ask questions to elicit facts or statements from
interviewee(s). Interviews are a standard part of journalism and media reporting.
In journalism, interviews are one of the most important methods used to collect
information, and present views to readers, listeners, or viewers.
The question-and-answer interview in journalism dates back to the 1850s.
An interview is a statement of facts on behalf of the person with whom the
conversation is being conducted. We can say that this is joint creativity. The
57
journalist is preparing for the interview, in order to master the situation. He is
indispensable, indicates how the interview was received, who is talking to and the
topic of the conversation.
Read the interview and do the tasks
Banned From Everest, Blind

Climber Is As Determined As
Ever
The second blind climber to summit Mount Everest doesn't
want to be the last.
Blind climber Andy Holzer descends from the summit of Mount Everest.
PHOTOGRAPH BY KLEMENS BICHLER
By Saransh Sehgal
PUBLISHED JANUARY 9, 2018
The government of Nepal‘s recent decision to ban solo climbers, blind

people, and double amputees from ascending Mount Everest — which
representatives say will reduce deaths on the mountain — has led to strong
criticism from members of the climbing community, with some claiming the
58
rule is not grounded in legitimate safety concerns. The new guidelines were
implemented at the end of December 2017 and came after many solo and
disabled climbers had already announced 2018 climbs. Hari Budha Magar, a
former member of the British Brigade of Gurkhas who lost his legs in conflict,
had planned to become the first above-the-knee double amputee to climb
Mount Everest. He‘s organizing an expedition with fellow veterans and has
asserted his belief that the ban is discriminatory.
The news of ban has also irked blind Austrian climber Andy Holzer,
who became the second blind man to successfully summit Mount Everest and
the first to tackle the North Col route on May 21, 2017. Blind since birth,
Holzer has reached the top of all Seven Summits and had plans to return to
Everest in 2019. In an interview at his home in the Austrian Dolomites, Andy
shares his view on the new regulations and the effect it has on disabled
climbers.
Saransh Sehgal: What do you think of the government of Nepal’s recent
ban imposed on disabled and solo climbers from climbing Mount
Everest?
Andy Holzer: Statistically, very few disabled climbers have died
climbing Everest, and only two of the 15 disabled climbers who have reached
the summit are blind. I cannot take what the government of Nepal is doing
seriously, because I still have a five-year permit that ends in 2019. Just two
days ago, I asked my agency in Kathmandu if I may prepare [for a trip], as my
permit is still valid and I might like to climb in 2019. I think disabled and
solo climbers will still be able to climb on the Tibet side (roughly two-thirds
of the 7,646 successful Everest summits since 1953 have been from the
southern side in Nepal). I doubt they will impose the same regulations.
59
Snow and ice gather on climber Andy Holzer's beard while climbing Mount Vinson in Antarctica.
PHOTOGRAPH BY ANDREAS SCHARNAGL
Do you think the recent restrictions from Nepal are fair, as the
government says they were created in an attempt to reduce accidents on
Everest?
I think the Nepalese government is not really interested in saving
Western climbers or thinking about their safety. I think, in the case of solo
climbers, they think they bring less money, and they have small rucksacks and
need no support from Sherpas. That's the point. If they were serious, they
would analyze the accidents of the last 25 years. And when you analyze the
data, you can quickly understand that this has nothing to do with solo or
disabled climbers. Many accidents come from big agencies who take a lot of
people without even asking if they‘ve ever seen a crampon. They just take
everybody with them. This is a big problem. The 1996 deaths are an example
of this, which many believe were exacerbated by the competition between
expedition leaders Rob Hall and Scott Fischer.
60
To this point, I think in the last ten years they‘ve done a lot of work.
They created two fixed ropes, one fixed rope up and the other down. And
when you see the accident statistics from the last ten years, I think they have
dropped a lot. This is the way to minimize accidents, not to say that solo
climbers and blind climbers are the cause. That's completely wrong.
How does this affect you or new climbers with disabilities who wish to
climb Mount Everest?
I think there are two aspects to this question. First, of course, is the
current problem of new rules being imposed on climbers by the government of
Nepal, but the other problem, which I believe is much bigger, is the Khumbu
Icefall. With the government, one can try to negotiate somehow, but with the
Khumbu Icefall, no matter how much one tries, there is no chance to
negotiate. And this is the reason I changed my route after my first attempt in
2014. Then, there was no discussion about blind or not blind. They even said I
could return next year and there will be no problem. But I said to my friends I
would never go through the Khumbu Icefall again because of what has
happened there with avalanches — and from what I have heard and read, I
feel it's like Russian roulette.
This is a much bigger challenge than the government. I changed to the
north side because success depends much more on your own fitness. The
north side is much more difficult. It‘s steeper, with quick descents and many
opportunities to fall. The Nepal side is much easier, really. It‘s the Khumbu
Icefall which remains a big challenge, and that becomes the deciding factor
for many disabled people. Mark Inglis, the first double amputee to reach
Mount Everest‘s summit, also climbed from the north side. I talked about this
issue with him, and he said he preferred taking the risk into his own hands
rather than leaving the risk to the Russian roulette of the Icefall.
61
Andy Holzer and his team celebrate after reaching the summit of Antarctica's Mount Vinson.
PHOTOGRAPH BY ANDREAS SCHARNAGL
You are the second blind man after Erik Weihenmayer to climb the
mountain and the first to summit from the north side. If the rule stays,
you could be the last blind man ever to climb Mount Everest. How do you
feel about this?
I hadn‘t thought about it, but now people are stopping me and ask this
question. They are saying, ―You are so lucky. You were the first blind person
on the north side and the second blind person ever on Everest. And now the
government of Nepal might help you, because they‘ve made this rule. Now
you will be the only person besides Erik.‖
And I laugh. That's a funny idea. Thank you, government of Nepal. But this is
not my intention. For me, I have the opposite thoughts. I have friends who
have only one arm or other issues. My real wish is to bring them to the top of
Everest to share what Erik and I share. Others should, too.
Task 1
Russian
62
reduce
announce
implement
tackle
impose
valid
restrictions
affect
negotiate
exacerbate
Task 2
reduce to try to deal with a difficult problem
announce to do something that produces an effect or change

in something or in someone‘s situation
implement to make something smaller or less in size, amount,

or price
tackle something that is legally or officially acceptable
impose to force someone to have the same ideas, beliefs

etc. as you
valid to make a bad situation worse
restrictions to officially tell people about something, especially

about a plan or a decision
affect to discuss something in order to reach an

agreement, especially in business or politics
negotiate rules or laws that limits or control what people can

do
63
exacerbate to take action or make changes that you have
officially decided should happen
Task 3
Task 4
the correct form)
1) We need a strategy that can be __________________ quickly.
2) The governor announced a new plan to _________________ crime.
3) I don‘t want to ___________________ the situation.
4) The authorities placed strict __________________on diamond exports.
5) A government spokesman _________________ that the hostages had been
released.
6) Emergency relief will be sent to the areas most ___________________ by the
hurricane.
7) The court can __________________ a fine.
8) The government has failed to __________________ the problem of youth
crime.
9) Your return ticket is _____________________ for three months.
10) The government refuses to ______________________ with terrorists.
Task 5
1) What is the main cause of the ban, provided by the government of Nepal?
2) How did the climbers react to the ban?
3) What is Andy Holzer‘s personal attitude to the ban?
4) What is the real reason of high death rate according to Andy Holzer?
5) How does this ban affect new climbers with disabilities who wish to climb
Mount Everest?
Task 6
Write a short summary of the information given in the interview
64
Task 7
Write an interview according to the sample above
3.5. Review
A review is an evaluation of a publication, service, or company such as a movie (a

movie review), video game (video game review), musical composition (music
review of a composition or recording), book (book review); a piece of hardware
like a car, home appliance, or computer; or an event or performance, such as a
live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show, or art exhibition. In
addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating
to indicate its relative merit. More loosely, an author may review current events,
trends, or items in the news.
Now read the review and do the tasks
The Old Dark House review – James Whale’s horror classic still chills
4/5stars
A couple seek refuge from a sinister couple in this prototype creepy-house tale that
takes its cues from Shelley and Brontë
The great scary-movie ancestor is rereleased: James Whale‘s 1932 drama

The Old Dark House – a film that was part of Universal Studios‘ deliriously
successful run of horror films in the pre-Hays Code era when scares were in their
65
unevolved infancy, and it was still acceptable to show a lady changing down to her
underwear.
This one did much to invent the creepy-house setting (along with Castle
Dracula) and set a benchmark for the self-satirising absurdities of horror –
featuring tropes such as the bizarre Munsterish family with its grotesque semi-
wolfman butler answering the door to terrified strangers seeking refuge from the
storm.
Revisiting this film is a time to ponder its origins in a novel by
J.B. Priestley (adapted by R.C. Sherriff and Benn Levy) and to see a literary
lineage of the horror film, quite apart from Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley. You
can see how the creepy brother Saul, lurking at the top of the house, is in a line that
stretches from Charlotte Brontë‘s madwoman in the attic to Thomas Harris‘s
imprisoned Hannibal Lecter, cunningly persuading people to do his bidding. And
there‘s a touch of Evelyn Waugh‘s butler Philbrick from Decline and Fall as well.
Raymond Massey and Gloria Stuart play Philip Waverton and his wife,
Margaret, bickering in the front of a car: they have got hopelessly lost driving
through dark and rainy Wales. In the back is their debonair and cynical pal Roger
Penderel, played by the suave Melvyn Douglas. They hammer on the door of a
forbidding and gaunt old house, and find themselves confronted by the bizarre
butler (Boris Karloff) whose employers are spindly, sinister old Horace Femm and
his cantankerous and frankly unhinged old spinster sister Rebecca, a hilarious
double-act from Whale repertory regular Ernest Thesiger and Eva Moore, their
gargoyle faces lit and distorted like Bacon portraits in the flickering parlour fire.
Rebecca in particular seems enviously and erotically (but disapprovingly)
obsessed with Margaret‘s gorgeous clothes and equally gorgeous flesh, and
mutters unnerving anecdotes about her own sexually licentious sister, now dead.
Another couple take shelter: the boisterous self-made captain of industry, Sir
William Porterhouse (played by the teddy-bearish Charles Laughton) and his
companion, the former chorus girl Gladys (Lilian Bond) whose artless loveliness is
to melt Roger‘s cynical old heart.
66
It‘s an old dark film, and it creaks in more ways than one: the lack of a
musical score is perhaps disconcerting. But it is performed with tremendous gusto
and theatrical dash.
Task 1
Russian
bizarre
grotesque
creepy
cynical
gaunt
hilarious
boisterous
gusto
Task 2
bizarre unwilling to believe that people have good, honest,
or sincere reasons for doing something
grotesque unpleasant, shocking, and offensive
creepy very unusual or strange
cynical extremely funny
gaunt if you do something in such a way, you do it with a

lot of eagerness and energy
hilarious making you feel nervous and slightly frightened
boisterous someone, especially a child, who makes a lot of

noise and has a lot of energy
with gusto very thin and pale, especially because of illness or
67
continued worry
Task 3
Use the words from the active vocabulary to make up your own examples
Task 4
1) There‘s something _____________ about the way he looks at me.
2) It was a youthful but ______________ face from which a yes meant no.
3) Elizabeth sang ________________.
4) The characters Arden creates are often odd and sometimes ______________.
5) They were incredibly noisy and _______________.
6) I think movie stars just do charity work to get publicity – but maybe I'm too
_______________.
7) You should read this book – it's ________________.
8) Suddenly the ______________ figure of the hunchback Quasimodo loomed out
of the darkness.
Task 5
1) What is the genre of the film ―The Old Dark House‖?
2) Where does the action take place?
3) How did the main characters end up in the old house?
4) How does the author of the review portray the main characters?
5) According to the author: what are pluses and minuses of the film?
Task 6
Make a film / book / music review (according to the sample above). Present
your review.
3.6. Correspondence
Correspondence in general usage, non-concurrent, remote communication

between people, including letters, email, newsgroups, Internet forums, blogs.
68
3.7. Article
An article is a written work published in a print or electronic medium. It may be

for the purpose of propagating news, research results, academic analysis, or
debate.
A news article discusses current or recent news of either general interest (i.e. daily
newspapers) or of a specific topic (i.e. political or trade news magazines, club
newsletters, or technology news websites).
A news article can include accounts of eyewitnesses to the happening event. It can
contain photographs, accounts, statistics, graphs, recollections, interviews, polls,
debates on the topic, etc. Headlines can be used to focus the reader‘s attention on
a particular (or main) part of the article. The writer can also give facts and
detailed information following answers to general questions like who, what, when,
where, why and how.
Quoted references can also be helpful. References to people can also be made
through the written accounts of interviews and debates confirming the factuality of
the writer‘s information and the reliability of his source. The writer can use
redirection to ensure that the reader keeps reading the article and to draw her
attention to other articles. For example, phrases like ―Continued on page 3‖
redirect the reader to a page where the article is continued.
While a good conclusion is an important ingredient for newspaper articles, the
immediacy of a deadline environment means that copy editing often takes the form
of deleting everything past an arbitrary point in the story corresponding to the
dictates of available space on a page. Therefore, newspaper reporters are trained
to write in inverted pyramid style, with all the most important information in the
first paragraph or two. If the less vital details are pushed towards the end of the
story, then the potentially destructive impact of draconian copy editing will be
minimized.
69
Elements of a news article
Headline
A headline is text above a newspaper article, indicating its topic. The headline
catches the attention of the reader and relates well to the topic. Modern headlines
are typically written in an abbreviated style omitting many elements of a complete
sentence and almost always including a non-copular verb.
Byline
A byline gives the name and often the position of the writer, along with the date.
Lead
The lead (sometimes spelled lede) sentence captures the attention of the reader and
sums up the focus of the story. The lead also establishes the subject, sets the tone
and guides reader into the article. In a news story, the introductory paragraph
includes the most important facts and answers the questions: who, what, where,
when, why and how. In a featured story, the author may choose to open in any
number of ways, often using a narrative hook, possibly one of the following: an
anecdote, a shocking or startling statement, a generalization, pure information, a
description, a quote, a question or a comparison.
Body or running text
For the news story, details and elaboration are evident in the body or running text
of the news story and flow smoothly from the lead. Quotes are used to add interest
and support to the story. Most news stories are structured using what is called an
inverted pyramid. The angle (also called a hook or peg) is usually the most
newsworthy aspect of the story and is specifically highlighted and elaborated upon.
A featured article will follow a format appropriate for its type. Structures for
featured articles may include, but are not limited to:
 chronological, where the article may be a narrative of some sort;
 cause and effect, where the reasons and results of an event or process are
examined;
 classification, where items in an article are grouped to help aid
understanding;
70
 compare and contrast, where two or more items are examined side-by-side
to show similarities and differences;
 list, a simple item-by-item run-down of pieces of information;
 question and answer, such as an interview with a celebrity or rebel
Conclusion
The conclusion will sum up the article, possibly including a final quote, a
descriptive scene, a play on the title or lead, a summary statement, or the writer's
opinion.
To your attention: 2 articles. Read them and do the tasks. The first article can be
considered an example of the article connected with research results, the second
one is the news article.
THE SECRET BEHIND THE LEANING

TOWER OF PISA SURVIVING FOUR
EARTHQUAKES
Researchers reveal that the steadfast structure‘s stability lies in its soil
JOANNA WHITEHEAD
New research has revealed how the iconic Leaning Tower of Pisa has managed to
stay standing – and intact – in the face of four strong earthquakes and a precarious
lean of five degrees.
The vulnerability of the Unesco World Heritage Site has mystified engineers and
scientists for millennia. Moderate seismic activity was expected to significantly
damage the 58m tall Tower, or even result in collapse but, incredibly, this has not
happened.
A research group of 16 engineers at the University of Bristol has now discovered
that the considerable height and stiffness of the Tower, combined with the softness
of the foundation soil, ensure it doesn‘t resonate with earthquake ground motion.
71
This phenomenon is known as dynamic soil-structure interaction (DSSI) and the
Tower now holds the auspicious title of world record holder in DSSI effects.
―Ironically, the very same soil that caused the leaning instability and brought the
Tower to the verge of collapse, can be credited for helping it survive these seismic
events,‖ said Professor Mylonakis, head of the Earthquake and Geotechnical
Engineering Research Group at the University of Bristol.
The Tower continues to attract visitors keen to marvel at this remarkable
architectural feat. Construction on the Tower began in 1173 and continued for
about 200 years due to the onset of a series of wars.
Multiple efforts to maintain the historic structure have occurred over the years. In
the 1920s, the foundations were injected with cement grouting with the intention of
stabilising the Tower, while in 1990, a decision was made to completely close the
site to visitors due to fears it was at risk of toppling.
It was the first time the Tower had been closed in 800 years. It reopened again in
2001 and remains one of Italy‘s most popular tourist attractions.
Task 1
Russian
intact
vulnerability
stiffness
auspicious
verge
onset
precarious
marvel
Task 2
72
intact not broken, damaged, or spoiled
vulnerability (adj. the point where something is about to happen

vulnerable)
stiffness (adj. stiff) situation or state which may very easily or quickly
become worse
auspicious the beginning of something, especially something

bad
verge to feel or express great surprise or admiration at

something, especially someone‘s behaviour
onset showing that something is likely to be successful
precarious being easily harmed or hurt
marvel being difficult to deal with
Task 3
Task 4
1) The fort was __________________ to attack from the north.
2) She gives the impression of being rather _________________ and unfriendly,
but I think that's because she's basically shy.
3) Mountain gorillas are on the ________________ of extinction.
4) It was an ________________ beginning to her career as an author.
5) No one would lend money to a company in such a ________________ position.
6) Visitors to Rome _______________ over the beauty of the city.
7) Doctors can slow the ___________________of the disease with drugs.
8) Despite the bombing, the house was still ____________________.
Task 5
1) The tower of Pisa has survived 4 earthquakes.
2) According to the research due to the height of the tower itself and the hard soil
where it stands, it is so stable.
73
3) The tower was supposed to collapse because of the seismic activity in the area,
but this didn‘t happen.
4) In 1990 the decision was made to close the Tower because of the risk of its
falling down.
5) It is still closed for tourists.
Task 6
Render the article
July Hottest Month on Record in U.S.—

Warming and Drought to Blame?
Lower 48 sweltered due to widespread heat ridge, expert says.
Construction-company owner Joe Weston cools off in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, last month.
PHOTOGRAPH BY LAURA STOECKER, DAILY HERALD/AP
By Christine Dell'Amore, National Geographic News

PUBLISHED AUGUST 10, 2012
74
July was the hottest month on record in the United States, perhaps due to
a combination of global warming and a widespread drought, experts say.
The lower 48 U.S. states experienced an average July temperature of
77.6 degrees Fahrenheit (25.3 degrees Celsius). That's about 3.3 degrees
(1.8 degrees Celsius) above the 20th-century average and the highest July
average since record-keeping began in 1895, according to a report released
August 8 by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA). For 2012, July wasn't an anomaly, either. Taken together, the first
seven months of the year have been, on average, the warmest January-to-July
period on record in the contiguous U.S. states.
Drought conditions in more than 60 percent of the country helped keep
temperatures high, explained Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the
Boulder, Colorado-based National Center for Atmospheric Research. "If it is
wet, it tends to be cool, while if it is dry, it tends to be hot," Trenberth said.
With no water on the ground, "all the heat goes into raising temperature and
not evaporating moisture."
That creates a "powerful feedback loop," since "drought begets
drought. And drought causes heat waves," Trenberth said by email. On its
own, the July record "is not such a major feat," Trenberth said. "But the fact
that the first seven months of the year is the hottest on record is much more
impressive, from a climate standpoint." The consistent heat "highlights the
fact that there is more than just natural variability playing a role: Global
warming from human activities has reared its head in a way that can only be a
major warning for the future."
Heat Ridge Kept July Hot and Dry

The current heat wave throughout the continental U.S. is due to what's
called a giant heat ridge: when a high-pressure system in all layers of Earth's
atmosphere creates a clockwise wind flow that forms a sort of barrier at its
edges. AccuWeather.com meteorologist Mark Paquette likens a heat ridge to a
75
rock in a stream. Just as water is deflected around a rock, other weather
systems are forced to go around a heat ridge. As a result, during a heat ridge
event, "nothing goes on but sunshine," Paquette said. A heat ridge commonly
forms over the continental U.S. in summertime, but "generally it's not as far
east and north and not as persistent as this past summer," Paquette said.
The 1930s Dust Bowl was a "classic heat ridge" that led to record
temperatures, he said — all of which have been eclipsed in recent years.
Paquette agreed with NCAR's Trenberth that the persistence of high
temperatures suggests that global warming may also be at play. (Test your
global warming knowledge.) "Eventually it gets to the point where you've got
to say that something strange may be going on here — if we haven't gotten to
that point, we will get to it soon."
Heat Wave May Continue

There's some debate about whether the heat ridge will continue into
the fall, Paquette noted. Accu Weather's fall forecast calls for above-average
warmth to remain in the southern and central plains. States in the Ohio Valley,
central Appalachia, and the Northeast are expected to exceed their averages by
greater margins than any other states. "Unless you're going to get some sort of
weather feature that ends the drought, strong summer sun is going to continue
that pattern." For instance, a tropical storm, common in late summer, can
bring rain and clouds. And, Paquette noted, there's a potent storm now moving
across the Great Lakes now, which is driving some cooler air into the plains
and rain into Texas and Oklahoma.
NCAR's Trenberth said the heat may not be as bad next year in the
U.S., "but these conditions will likely occur somewhere else" on the planet, he
said. "Human-induced climate change has a cost, and one that is ultimately
much larger than slowing down or stopping the basic problem: burning of
fossil fuels," Trenberth said. "As a nation we are not doing that," he said —
"nor are we prepared for the consequences."
76
Task 1
Russian
average
moisture
variability
persistent
exceed
ultimately
fossil fuel
consequence
Task 2
average ability to be changed
moisture to be more than a particular number or amount
variability having qualities that are typical of most people or

things
persistent something that happens as a result of a particular

action or set of conditions
exceed a fuel such as coal or oil that is produced by the

very gradual decaying of animals or plants over
millions of years
ultimately finally, after everything else has been done or

considered
fossil fuel continuing to exist or happen, especially for longer

than is usual or desirable
consequence small amounts of water that are present in the air, in

a substance, or on a surface
77
Task 3
Task 4
1) The country has suffered from __________________ economic problems.
2) Plants use their roots to absorb __________________ from the soil.
3) __________________, the decision rests with the child‘s parents.
4) The ____________________ family spends about £50 a week on food.
5) Environmentalists would like to see __________________ replaced by
renewable energy sources.
6) Taking financial risks can have serious _____________________.
7) The weather here is likely to have great ________________.
8) Working hours must not ___________________ 42 hours a week.
Task 5
1) When did the record-keeping of the temperatures start?
2) What period of time was the warmest on record in the USA?
3) What is one of the main reasons why temperatures stay high?
4) What is a ―giant heat ridge‖?
5) What does the weather forecast predict in the future?
Task 6
Render the article
3.8. Letter
A letter is one person's written message to another pertaining to some matter of

common concern. Letters can serve several purposes: when intimates are forced to
spend time at great distances from one another, letters allow them to maintain the
relationship; rulers, scholars, merchants, officials, and professionals use them to
conduct affairs with their far-flung correspondents; poets and other writers may
also use them as vehicles for self-expression. Letters contribute to the protection
and conservation of literacy. Letters have been sent since antiquity and are
78
mentioned in the Iliad. Both Herodotus and Thucydides mention letters in their
histories.
Read the letter and do the task
Peru should follow Chile’s lead and ban plastic bags

What good news to read that Chile is to become the first South American country
to ban plastic bags. I hope, but am not optimistic, that Peru will soon see the light
and do likewise. I visit about every 18 months, and each time the roads and
waterways are more clogged than ever with discarded plastic bags and bottles.
In January I visited the Paracas Nature Reserve and watched plastic bags blowing
into the Pacific Ocean. One answer, of course, is to take a leaf from Costa Rica‘s
book and invest in clean water infrastructure that greatly reduces reliance on
bottled water.
Patrick Cosgrove
Bucknell
Task
Write a letter to a newspaper on one of topical issues
3.9. Feuilleton
Feuilleton (French pronunciation: [fœjt ]; a diminutive of French: feuillet, the

leaf of a book) was originally a kind of supplement attached to the political portion
of French newspapers, consisting chiefly of non-political news and gossip,
literature and art criticism, a chronicle of the latest fashions, and epigrams,
charades and other literary trifles. The term feuilleton was invented by the editors
of the French Journal des débats; Julien Louis Geoffroy and Bertin the Elder, in
1800. The feuilleton may be described as a "talk of the town", and a contemporary
79
English-language example of the form is the "Talk of the Town" section of The
New Yorker.
In English newspapers, the term "feuilleton" instead came to refer to an
installment of a serial story printed in one part of a newspaper. The genre of the
feuilleton in its French sense was eventually included in English newspapers, but
was not referred to as a feuilleton.
The feuilleton combines three principles: publicistic (topicality, topicality,
pronounced appraisal), artistic (use of figurative means from the arsenal of
fiction), and satirical. The satirical beginning serves as a differentiating genre sign
of the feuilleton. Its essence lies in the comic allegory, to which all other elements
of the genre are subordinated. The subject matter of the feuilleton is a negative
phenomenon, the comic nature of which is clear to the feuilletonist. The main task
of the feuilleton as a satirical genre is to expose the negative facts of reality and
their subsequent eradication from the life of society. To reveal the comic nature of
fact, phenomenon, situation – means to show its fundamental contradiction with
the author's ideal. As follows from the theory of literature, the satire denies the
phenomenon in its main features and emphasizes its inferiority. This is achieved
through a sharp exaggeration or understatement, that is, by breaking the usual
real forms of the phenomenon.
Task 1
Make a report / write an abstract on one of the following topics:
1) Feuilleton as a specific genre of journalism, its basic criteria.

2) The history of developing of Feuilleton as a genre of journalism in Russia and
abroad.
Task 2
Present your report or abstract
80
3.10. Essay
An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author's own argument —
but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a paper, an article, a
pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have traditionally been sub-classified as
formal and informal. Formal essays are characterized by "serious purpose,
dignity, logical organization, length," whereas the informal essay is characterized
by "the personal element (self-revelation, individual tastes and experiences,
confidential manner), humor, graceful style, rambling structure, unconventionality
or novelty of theme," etc.
Essays are commonly used as literary criticism, political manifestos, learned
arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author.
Almost all modern essays are written in prose, but works in verse have been
dubbed essays (e.g., Alexander Pope's An Essay on Criticism and An Essay on
Man). While brevity usually defines an essay, voluminous works like John Locke's
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding and Thomas Malthus's An Essay on
the Principle of Population are counterexamples. In some countries (e.g., the
United States and Canada), essays have become a major part of formal education.
Secondary students are taught structured essay formats to improve their writing
skills; admission essays are often used by universities in selecting applicants, and
in the humanities and social sciences essays are often used as a way of assessing
the performance of students during final exams.
The concept of an "essay" has been extended to other mediums beyond writing. A
film essay is a movie that often incorporates documentary filmmaking styles and
focuses more on the evolution of a theme or idea. A photographic essay covers a
topic with a linked series of photographs that may have accompanying text or
captions.
Essays often appear in magazines, especially magazines with an intellectual bent,
such as The Atlantic and Harpers. Magazine and newspaper essays use many of
the essay types described in the section on forms and styles (e.g., descriptive
81
essays, narrative essays, etc.). Some newspapers also print essays in the op-ed
section.
Read the following essay and do the tasks
The Face of Water Shortages: A Lake

That Serially Vanishes
This month’s FURTHER essay visits a Bolivian lake basin at the mercy of
water diversion, weather extremes, and climate change.
A former fisherman stands by the dry banks where he used to fish on the northeastern side of Bolivia‘s
Lake Poopó.
PHOTOGRAPH BY MAURICIO LIMA FOR NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC
By Patricia Edmonds
This story appears in the March 2017 issue of National Geographic magazine.
In the high plains of Bolivia, a man surveys the baked remains of what
was the country‘s second largest lake. For centuries locals rafted on the waters
82
and lived off the fish and waterfowl of Lake Poopó. Once covering some
1,100 square miles, the lake had shrunk and resurged in the past — but in late
2015 it virtually vanished. In a coming issue Kenneth R. Weiss will report on
its demise.
Some three-fourths of jobs in the global workforce are dependent on
water, according to a 2016 UN report on water and development. Agriculture,
fishing, energy, transport — if their water sources dry up, livelihoods do too.
Many lakes face a common menace: climate change. When its effects alter
habitats, disrupt food webs, and spawn extreme weather, that can lead to
people being ―uprooted from their homes,‖ Weiss says. War drives much of
today‘s forced migration, but climate change also is a factor, he says.
What doomed Lake Poopó? Water diversions upstream, weather
extremes — and perhaps, one man told Weiss, too few sacrifices to the rain
gods. But other locals — those who haven‘t left — don‘t dwell much on
causes, Weiss says, ―they‘re just trying to figure out how the hell they‘re
going to feed their kids tonight.‖
Task 1
Look at the words in bold from the essay. Find and write their equivalents in
Russian
dependent
source
livelihood
menace
disrupt
doom
dwell on
figure out
83
Task 2
dependent a thing, place, activity etc. that you get something
from
source something or someone that is dangerous
livelihood to think about a problem or situation until you find

the answer or understand what has happened
menace to make someone or something certain to fail, die,

be destroyed etc.
disrupt to think or talk for too long about something,

especially something unpleasant
doom to prevent something from continuing in its usual

way by causing problems
dwell on needing someone or something in order to exist, be

successful, be healthy etc.
figure out the way you earn money in order to live
Task 3
Task 4
1) Norway‘s economy is heavily _________________ on natural resources.
2) The plan was ___________________ from the start.
3) For me, music is a great __________________ of enjoyment.
4) Climate change could _________________ the agricultural economy.
5) Fishing is the main source of ___________________ for many people in the
area.
6) That is not a subject I want to _____________________.
7) Can you ___________________ how to do it?
8) His voice was soft but his tone and expression were full of
_________________.
84
Task 5
1) What was the main source of earning a living for the locals?
2) What was the area of Lake Poopó earlier and what happened in 2015?
3) What is considered to be the main threat for many lakes?
4) How many jobs in the global workforce are dependent on water?
5) What happens when climate change alters habitats?
6) What is the main reason of the forced migration?
7) What is the destiny of Lake Poopó? Is the perspective positive or negative?
Task 6
Render the article
Task 7
Write an essay (use the sample above) depicting one of the topical issues in
your country or worldwide. Provide your arguments to support the
seriousness of the topic chosen.
85
USEFUL PHRASES FOR RENDERING AN ARTICLE
1) The article in question deals with / focuses on / depicts / casts light upon /
highlights…
2) First the author introduces the reader into…
3) In addition, the author focuses on…
4) Further on the author points out / provides the information / underlines / focuses
on the description of / looks closely at / provides the analysis of…
5) In the next part it is pointed out that…
6) The concluding part of the article renders…
7) By way of conclusion / by way of summing up…
86
QUESTIONS FOR SELF-CHECK
1) What is Newspaper and Magazine journalism? What variety of fields do they

cover?
2) What is Broadcast journalism? What broadcast methods do you know?
3) Can you explain the meaning of the term Digital journalism or Online
journalism? What factors have led to the widespread practice of digital journalism?
4) How can you define Photojournalism? How is it different from other branches
of photography?
5) How can you describe Information (or western) journalism and its basic
principles?
6) What is Analytical journalism? What is its primary aim?
7) How would you define Artistic and publicistic journalism? How does it
manifest itself?
8) How many lines does a short note consist of? What can it characterize?
9) What is a report? How can reports be conveyed?
10) Describe a reportage as a genre of journalism. What are its basic principles?
11) How would you define a journalistic interview? When did it first appear?
12) What is a review?
13) What are the basic principles of a news article? What elements does it include?
14) Can you explain the meaning of the term Feuilleton? What is the origin of the
term?
15) What is essay? How are they sub-classified? What are they commonly used as?
87
PART II
Unit 1. Political Journalism
Political journalism is a
broad branch of journalism
that includes coverage of all
aspects of politics and
political science, although
the term usually refers
specifically to coverage of
civil governments and
political power.
Political journalism
aims to provide voters with the information to formulate their own opinion and
participate in community, local or national matters that will affect them. According
to Edward Morrissey in an opinion article from theweek.com, political journalism
frequently includes opinion journalism, as current political events can be bias in
their reporting. The information provided includes facts, its perspective is
subjective and leans towards one viewpoint.
A. Read and translate the following passage:

(The Economist October 28, 2017, page 25)
Politics in New Zealand
A youthful prime minister comes to power with promises of change

JACINDAARDERN looked a touch less assured than usual when she took to the
stage on October 19th after becoming New Zealand‘s prime-minister designate.
The 37-year-old had raised Labour from the dead after assuming leadership of it in
88
August, but the centre-left party had still finished second in last month‘s general
election with just under 37% of the vote. She had managed to secure leadership of
the country by turning her charm on the populists Of New Zealand First,
convincing them to side with her instead of the winning centre-right National
Party. With support from the Greens (who are not part of the coalition), Ms Ardern
has created the first government of losing parties in New Zealand‘s proportionally
representative parliament. On October 26th she was sworn in as the world‘s
youngest female leader. Ms Ardern‘s promises of change resonated with many
young New Zealanders. They were tired of the National Party, which had led the
country for nearly a decade. But some commentators fret that change may involve
a shift towards greater protectionism and an end to three decades of liberal
economic reform. The populists and Labour have agreed to cut annual net
migration by up to 30,000 people; to strengthen controls on the foreign purchase
of farmland; and to renegotiate the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a now-sputtering
regional plan for free trade, to curb house buying by foreigners. The New Zealand
dollar took a hit when Winston Peters, the populists‘ leader, said he had chosen to
side with Labour because ―too many New Zealanders have come to view today‘s
capitalism not as their friend, but as their foe.‖ It is true that some locals have felt
left behind during a period of strong economic growth but near-stagnant wages.
And although most New Zealanders say they are proud of their country‘s
multicultural mix, a few take umbrage at an upsurge of immigration: annual net
migration (new arrivals minus departing locals) has risen to over 70,000 in the
country of fewer than 5m people, 16 times as many as in 2008. Many fret about the
impact of this on house prices. They also complain that treasured national parks are
increasingly jammed by overseas visitors. Ms Ardern strongly rejects allegations
of stoking anti-immigration sentiment. Her party says it only aims to curb an
influx of low-skilled migrants. Her populist partners will support her efforts to do
so. For backing Labour, they have been rewarded with four seats in the cabinet. Mr
Peters has accepted jobs as deputy prime minister and foreign minister. He has
held both roles before, in coalitions both with Labour and with the National Party.
89
The previous prime minister, Bill English, is now the leader of the opposition.
Having secured 44% of the vote, his National Party will be a powerful challenge to
a government whose ministers have little experience: few members of Ms Ardern‘s
cabinet have previously held such rank (one is Mr Peters). Moreover, the coalition
is weak: the Greens and New Zealand First could not bring themselves to speak to
each other during talks to establish the alliance. Ms Ardern has made lofty
promises to build 100,000 houses, reduce child poverty and clean up polluted
rivers. That will be tough while trying to prevent feuding between her partners.
She has shown her powers of persuasion by wooing voters and cobbling together a
majority.
A far greater challenge lies ahead.
B. Active Vocabulary
coverage освещение
refers относиться, обращаться
aim to стремиться к чему-л.
frequently часто, зачастую
opinion journalism общественная журналистика
bias предвзятость, предубеждение, необъективность
assured уверенный
designate назначать на должность
election выборы, избрание
convincing убедительный
sworn приведѐнный к присяге, названный
fret беспокоиться, волноваться
shift переход, сдвиг, смена
purchase покупка
farmland сельскохозяйственные угодья, земля
renegotiate пересматривать
curb сдерживать, обуздывать
90
foe враг
upsurge рост, подъѐм, всплеск
allegation утверждение, заявление, обвинение
influx приток, наплыв
lofty возвышенный, высокий, благородный
C. Answer the questions.

1. What does political journalism include?
2. Do you agree with Edward Moissey that political journalism includes
opinion journalism? Why?
3. How had Jacinda Arden managed to secure leadership of the country?
4. What have populists and Labour agreed to do?
5. What are the main problems that concern New Zealanders?
6. What lofty promises has Jacinda Arden made?
7. What do you think about Arden‘s policy?
D. Match each statement true or false.

1) Political journalism aims to provide voters with the True / False
information to formulate their own opinion and
participate in community, local or national matters that
will affect them.
2) The information provided includes facts, its True / False

perspective is objective and leans towards one
viewpoint.
3) On October 26th Jacinda Arden was sworn in as the True / False

world‘s oldest female leader.
4) And although most New Zealanders say they are True / False
proud of their country‘s multicultural mix, a few take
umbrage at an upsurge of immigration: annual net
migration (new arrivals minus departing locals has
risen to over 70,000 in the country of fewer than 5m
people, 16 times as many as in 2008.
5) Ms Ardern has made lofty promises to build 100,000 True / False

skyscrapers, reduce child poverty and clean up polluted
lakes.
91
E. Match the words.
1. political a. control
2. to strengthen b. umbrage
3. stagnant c. sentiment
4. take d. science
5. anti-immigration e. parliament
6. representative f. wages
F. Render the text.
Unit 2. World News (Foreign Coverage)
World news or international news or even foreign coverage is the news media
jargon for news from abroad, about a country or a global subject. For journalism, it
is a branch that deals with news either
sent by foreign correspondents or news
agencies, or — more recently —
information that is gathered or
researched through distance
communication technologies, such as
telephone, satellite TV or the internet.
Although in most of the English-
speaking world this field is not usually regarded as a specific specialization for
journalists, it is so in nearly all the world. Particularly in the United States, there is
a blurred distinction between world news and "national" news when they include
directly the national government or national institutions, such as wars in which the
US are involved or summits of multilateral organizations in which the US are a
member.
92
There are essentially two types of reporters who do foreign reporting: the foreign
correspondent (full-time reporter employed by a news source) and the special
envoy (sent abroad to cover a specific subject, temporarily stationed in a location).
The correspondent is a reporter based in a foreign city (often the capital of a
country) covering a region, a country or sometimes even an entire continent. He or
she regularly files stories to the news editor. He/she gathers materials for these
stories from local officials, members of the community, and the local media, as
well as from events he/she directly witnesses. Correspondents typically stay in
touch with the local community and maintain contacts with other journalists and
correspondents in order to identify strategic sources in the government, among
diplomats, members of the military and other organizations on the ground who
may provide important information.
The Economist October 28th 2017 (page 52)
The UN in conflict zones
SINCE the end of August, more than half of the 1m Rohingy as in the state of
Rakhine in Myanmar have fled across the border to Bangladesh. The flight of the
Muslim minority group is the quickest mass departure of people from any country
since the genocide in Rwanda in 1994. Rohingyas are still pouring into makeshift
camps, bringing with them stories of how villages were incinerated, children shot
dead, women raped and babies tossed into canals. If the exodus continues few of
them will be left in Myanmar.
The Tatmadaw, Myanmar‘s army, is chiefly responsible for the ethnic cleansing. It
is aided and abetted by local Rakhine politicians, while the government of Aung
San Suu Kyi has done little to stop the violence. But the UN is at fault, too. Despite
Having 19 agencies in Myanmar, and several offices and plenty of staff in Rakhine
state, it has failed to stop the catastrophe or warn of its coming.
93
Inside the UN, some officials argue that those in charge of the mission
downplayed the treatment of Rohingyas to win the co-operation of Myanmar‘s
authorities in order to build schools, sanitise dirty water and develop a civil service
— “capacity building” in UN-speak. The special rapporteur for human rights in
Myanmar, Tomas Quintana, says he was discouraged from visiting Rakhine state
by the head of the mission, Renata Lok-Dessallien. The Canadian denies this, but
has been recalled to the UN headquarters in New York. A UN mission, whether a
multi-agency presence as in Myanmar or one of its 15 peacekeeping operations,
can be a thankless task. Those in charge are constrained by local and international
politics. Yet they could do much better. Myanmar is far from the first example of a
dysfunctional mission. The UN has repeatedly dawdled in response to atrocities.
Antуnio Guterres, secretary- general since January 2016, wants to reform how
operations are run. The plight of the Rohingya show much work he has to do.
Cosying up to the bad guys

The failings in Myanmar are reminiscent of those of the UN‘s mission in Sri Lanka
at the end of the civil war in 2009 between the government and the Tamil Tigers, a
guerrilla group. An internal review led by Charles Petrie, a former UN official,
concluded there had been ―systemic failure‖. Mr Petrie accused the members of
the Sri Lankan mission of appeasing the government in Colombo, so that they
could promote their development work and receive international aid. Standing up
for human rights was often deemed too difficult. In Myanmar, instead of
confronting the government on behalf of the Rohingya, the UN championed a
policy of development for all in Rakhine state. That ignored how the delivery of
services would inevitably be channelled through, and controlled by, those in
power, namely Buddhist Rakhine politicians, the enemies of Rohingyas. A report
commissioned by the mission in Myanmar in 2015 pointed out that such an
approach would be ―more likely to reinforce discrimination than change it‖. The
Petrie report chronicled how the Sri Lankan mission recorded all the civilian
deaths attributed to the Tamil Tigers, but understated the numbers of civilians
94
killed or wounded by the army — again, to keep the government sweet. This
pattern was also apparent in Rwanda in 1994 and in the United Nations-African
Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID), one of the UN‘s largest-ever peacekeeping
operations, established in 2007. In 2013 Aicha Elbasri, the spokeswoman for the
mission, resigned, handing in a list of 16 cases where UNAMID had “concealed”
assaults on civilians and even UN peacekeepers.
Ban Ki-moon, Mr Guterres‘s predecessor, commissioned another UN review,
which upheld five of the complaints. Ms ElBasri, Moroccan by birth, argues that
the deceptions were carried out to avoid offend in the Sudanese government of
Omar al-Bashir, adding that Africans in the mission were keen to defend one of
their own. Mr Ban said that the ―tendency to underreport‖ had left him ―deeply
troubled‖.
But no one was held accountable, and nobody had to resign. The whistle blower,
however, forfeited her job. Missions need the consent of the host governments to
operate; the UN cannot invade. But too often agencies and blue helmets (as in the
headgear worn by peacekeepers) are lackeys of autocrats, forming ―abusive‖
relationships with those in power, according to Richard Gowan of Columbia
University. This undermines the UN‘s claim to moral authority. The operation in
the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a case in point. The UN has
deployed peacekeepers there since 1999, and MONUSCO, the French acronym by
which the mission is known, now has about 16,000 troops, and costs more than
$1bn a year. Since 2016, the UN has failed to prevent violence that has forced over
1m people to flee their homes. Troops get away with defining their operating
boundaries conservatively. Perversely, they are rewarded for not using their kit, as
they are reimbursed for equipment returned in good condition. Meanwhile
MONUSCO cannot easily get rid of under performing civilian staff, partly
because of pressure from trade unions but also because of the complex way in
which UN headquarters imposes its choice of recruits on the mission.
95
Standing idle
Another $1bn-per-year mission, UNMISS, has done almost nothing to prevent the
descent into civil war and famine since South Sudan gained independence from
Sudan in 2011. The 12,500 peacekeepers have a mandate to protect civilians, but
have failed to do so. In August 2016 aid workers were raped, beaten and robbed by
South Sudanese government troops just minutes away from the main UN
compound in Juba, the capital. Despite desperate phone and text messages from the
victims, the 2,000 or so troops never stirred. ―[The blue helmets] are supposed to
protect civilians,‖ admits a UN official in South Sudan. ―But they don‘t.
Something is upside down. It‘s not working.‖
One reason for the failure is that the mission asks permission from the government
before it sends out troops, fearing that otherwise politicians will obstruct the
delivery of food and medicine to the starving and the sick even more than they
already do. But since it is often the government carrying out the massacres,
permission is often refused or delayed. The UN argues that, despite the manifest
failings of these missions, it is better to have them than not. The mere presence of
its troops can sometimes deter attacks, and even if blue helmets are reluctant to go
out and help civilians, at least the civilians can huddle in and around its bases for
protection, as in South Sudan. The UN has no mandate to impose its will
independently on a country. All peacekeeping missions are authorized by the
Security Council, and subject to approval by the General Assembly, giving China
and Russia ample room to minimize the scope of missions in the interests of their
clients and allies. Such was the case in Sudan. China has considerable economic
interests here, and it struggled for years to prevent any outside intervention in
Darfur. Eventually, in 2007, it did concede to sending in UNAMID, but only after
ensuring that the mission could cause Mr Bashir as little inconvenience as
possible. The offer of Western troops was kept to an absolute minimum, denying
UNAMID the sort of kit and operational efficiency that might have made a
difference. Another reason why, when the call goes out from New York,
peacekeeping generally attracts troops from poor countries (see chart), is because
96
the pay is relatively high. But they are typically risk averse. Some forces commit
crimes. Another whistle blower, Anders Kompass, exposed Allegations of sexual
abuse of young children by troops in the Central African Republic in 2015.
Rather than take on the difficult task of improving peacekeeping operations,
Mr Ban tried to encourage reporting of abuses of human rights. That way, the
theory went, countries could avoid the crimes which would lead to the intervention
of troops in the first place. His main initiative, ―Human Rights Up Front‖, required
all staff to take responsibility for reporting abuses. But in Myanmar this policy has
failed at first contact with the enemy.
Remaking the peace

Mr Guterres has a chance to do much better. For example, he could increase the
annual budget for the human-rights office ($190m), which is dwarfed by the
$12bn spent on the UN Development Programme (UNDP). He could have heads of
mission report to him, not to UNDP, so as to reduce the risk that human-rights
abuses are ignored by officials who rely on local politicians‘ support for their pet
projects. Mr Guterres has said he wants the UN to do more before the blue helmets
have to wade in. In recent years it has tried to mediate between factions in several
countries. Sometimes it has staved off all-out war, thus avoiding the need for
peacekeepers. Kofi Annan, a former secretary-general, rescued Kenya from a
descent into further violence after disputed elections in 2007, for example; a team
helped to stabilize Guinea after a coup in the west African state in 2008; and the
UN also brokered a deal in Madagascar in 2011. Building on these successes, Mr
Guterres has called for a ―surge in diplomacy for peace‖, and has set up a ―High-
Level Advisory Board on Mediation‖, which includes such luminaries as Michelle
Bachelet, the president of Chile, and Justin Welby, the Archbishop of Canterbury.
Jaw-jaw is, of course, better than war. But as the failure in Myanmar shows, the
UN still has a lot to learn about keeping the peace.
97
B. Active vocabulary
distinction различие
foreign correspondent иностранный корреспондент
special envoy специальный репортер
minority group меньшинство
makeshift camps временные лагеря
incinerated испепеленный
abetted подстрекаемый
downplayed сглаженный
“capacity building” наращивание потенциала
rapporteur докладчик
discouraged обескураженный
headquarter штаб-квартира
presence присутствие
dawdle медлить, бездельничать
guerrilla group партизанская группа
systemic failure системный сбой
international aid международная помощь
commissioned введен в эксплуатацию
reinforce усиливать
attributed приписаны
spokeswoman пресс-секретарь
“concealed” assaults скрытые нападения
predecessor предшественник
deception обман
tendency to underreport тенденция к недооценке
deeply troubled глубоко обеспокоенный
held accountable нести ответственность
resign в отставке
whistleblower осведомитель
98
blue helmets «голубые каски» (миротворцы ООН)
“abusive” relationships оскорбительные отношения
undermine подрывать, дискредитировать
a case in point пример
troops войска
boundaries границы
reimburse возмещать
get rid of избавляться от
trade union профсоюз
massacres резня
reluctant неохотный
inconvenience неудобство
risk averse несклонный к риску
dwarfed карликовый
stave off предотвращать
all-out war тотальная война
a coup переворот
luminary светило, знаменитость

1. What‘s the difference between a foreign correspondent and a special envoy?
2. How does the reporter look for facts and opinions in a foreign city?
3. Do you agree with the statement: ―A UN mission, whether a multi-agency
presence as in Myanmar or one of its 15 peacekeeping operations, can be a
thankless task‖?
4. How do you understand the ―abusive relationships‖ in the context of the article?
5. Why do ―the blue helmets‖ have such name?
6. Why don‘t the blue helmets protect civilians?
7. What does the initiative ―Human Rights Up Front‖ mean in the text?
8. Do you agree with the statement: ―The UN still has a lot to learn about keeping
the peace‖ after reading the article?

1) There is a blurred distinction between world news True / False
99
and "national" news in the United States.
2) There are three types of reporters who do foreign True / False

reporting.
3) Myanmar is the first example of a dysfunctional True / False

mission.
4) Mr Ban said that the ―tendency to underreport‖ had True / False

left him ―deeply happy‖.
5) The blue helmets forms ―abusive‖ relationships with True / False

those in power.
6) MONUSCO is the German acronym by which the True / False

mission is known.
7) ―High-Level Advisory Board on Mediation‖ True / False

includes such luminaries as Michelle the president of
Chiliand the Archbishop of Canterbury.
E. Match the words.
1. global a. failure
2. multilateral b. operations
3. sanitise c. unions
4. peacekeeping d. discrimination
5. dysfunctional e. subject
6. systemic f. abuses
7. reinforce g. deaths
8. civilian h. water
9. trade i. mission
10. human-rights j. organizations
F. Render the text.
100
Unit 3. Business Journalism
Business journalism is the branch

of journalism that tracks, records,
analyzes and interprets the
business, economic and financial
activities and changes that take
place in a society. Topics widely
cover the entire purview of
all business activities related to the
economy of a nation.
This area of journalism covers news and feature articles about people,
places and issues related to the field of business. Most newspapers, magazines,
radio, and television news shows carry a business segment. However, detailed and
in depth business journalism can be found in publications, radio, and television
channels dedicated specifically to business and financial journalism.
Journalists who work in this branch are classed as «business journalists».
Their main task is to gather information about current events as they related to
business. They may also cover processes, trends, consequences, and important
people, in business and disseminate their work through all types of mass media.
The Week USA January 27, 2018

Finance: Wall Street titan demands good deeds
The world‘s largest investor declared this week that «he plans to hold
companies accountable» for not just their financial performance but also their
contribution to society, said Andrew Ross Sorkin in The New York Times.
Laurence Fink, the founder and chief executive of investment firm Black Rock,
this week wrote to more than 1,000 CEOs of global companies and declared that
101
his firm, which manages more than $6 trillion in investments, will invest only in
companies that «do more than make profits» — they must also make a positive
impact on society. Given that Fink has the «clout to make this kind of demand»,
the letter could prove to be a «watershed moment on Wall Street». It‘s going to
take more than a strongly worded letter to get corporate America to change, said
Stephen Gandel in Bloomberg.com. Fink‘s annual missive to executives is timed
around Davos, «the ultimate CEO lip-service confab», and in the past, his bark has
been «louder than his bite». In 2014, he implored CEOs to think longer-term and
resist inflating stock prices with share buybacks. Last year, he called for them «to
be mindful of changes to the environment». Sure, Fink has chalked up some small
wins with his previous communiqués, but unless he «backs it up with some action,
it‘s hard to see how it will actually help».
business journalism деловая журналистика
track (v) следить
interpret интерпретировать, толковать,
объяснять
feature article тематическая статья, очерк
in depth глубоко, тщательно
consequence последствие
disseminate распространять
declare объявлять, заявлять
hold accountable привлекать к ответственности
founder основатель
chief executive исполнительный директор
profit (v) получать прибыль,
приносить/извлекать пользу
annual missive ежегодный доклад
102
1. What is the purpose of business journalism?
2. What does this area of journalism cover?
3. Where can we find detailed and in depth business journalism?
4. What is the main task of business journalists?
5. What do you think about Laurence Fink's statement? Do you agree that
companies should make a positive impact on society? Why?
1) Topics widely cover the entire purview of all True / False

business activities related to the economy of a
nation.
2) Most newspapers, magazines, radio, and television True / False
news shows carry a culture segment.
3) Journalists who work in this branch are classed as True / False
"reporters".
4) Their main task is to gather information about True / False
current events as they related to business.
5) The world‘s largest investor declared this week that True / False
―he plans to hold companies accountable‖ for not
just their financial performance but also their
contribution to politics, said Andrew Ross Sorkin in
The New York Times.
6) It‘s going to take more than a strongly worded letter True / False
to get corporate America to change, said Stephen
Gandel in Bloomberg.com.
E. Match the words.

1. financial a. firm
2. to interpret b. the work
3. current c. to society
4. disseminate d. activity
5. contribution e. the business
6. investment f. events
F. Render the text.
103
Unit 4. Corporate Media
Corporate media is a term which refers to a system of mass media production,

distribution, ownership, and funding which is dominated by corporations and
their CEOs. It is sometimes used as a pejorative term in place of mainstream
media, which tends to also be used as a derisive term, to indicate a media system
that does not serve the public interest.
For example: By Clifford Krauss, May 17, 2018
Sanctions on Iran and Venezuela May Empower U.S. Rivals

President Trump faces a difficult juggling act as he tries to persuade China, India
and other countries to join in oil sanctions against Iran while also pressuring
Venezuela.
Since the two oil-producing giants compete for the same markets, squeezing one
may end up helping the other. Squeezing both may send oil prices soaring.
A Venezuelan election is scheduled on Sunday that President Nicolás Maduro is
almost certain to win because the main opposition is boycotting the vote, calling it
a sham. To protest election abuses and human rights violations, Trump
administration officials have warned that Venezuela could face tighter financial
sanctions, including measures making it harder to export oil.
The administration is also working to reduce Iran‘s oil exports now that it has
removed the United States from the nuclear deal negotiated by the Obama
administration. Unless Iran and the other countries that signed the 2015 nuclear
pact can reach a compromise, Washington plans in the coming months to press a
number of punishing measures, like sanctions on banks in countries that do not
reduce Iranian oil imports.
Simultaneous moves against the Iranian and Venezuelan governments would
amount to a complicated geopolitical game, with energy-hungry countries likely to
104
look for ways to dodge sanctions and adversaries likely to seek ways to take
advantage.
―There‘s a lot of pinball action,‖ said Amy Myers Jaffe, an energy expert at the
Council on Foreign Relations. ―It‘s difficult for the United States to employ two
sets of sanctions at once and not disturb the oil markets when they are as tight as
they are.‖
Iran and Venezuela, both OPEC members, remain critical suppliers on world
markets, together providing roughly one of every 20 barrels. The predicaments
they face are big reasons that oil prices have climbed nearly 20 percent in recent
months — with Brent crude, the international benchmark, at almost $80 a barrel
— threatening global economic growth.
Over the last three years, the two countries have been a seesaw of production.
Although Iranian oil exports have recovered from Western sanctions that preceded
the deal to restrict its nuclear development, exports from Venezuela have
plummeted. Now, they could plunge together.
Venezuelan output is the lowest in three decades, falling by more than 200,000
barrels a day since late last year alone. Now, up to a third of its remaining one
million barrels a day in exports are at risk because of the near-collapse of the state
oil company, sanctions and the new confrontation with ConocoPhillips.
ConocoPhillips has seized cargoes at a refinery it leases in Curaçao and various
storage facilities in Aruba, Bonaire and St. Eustatius to enforce a $2 billion
arbitration ruling against the state oil company, Petróleos de Venezuela, known as
PDVSA.
The facilities were used to blend Venezuelan heavy crude with lighter oils, and the
port in Curaçao was able to dock the largest tankers that typically send crude and
other fuels across the Pacific.
distribution распределение
ownership владение
105
pejorative уничижительный
derisive насмешливый
juggling жонглирование
persuade уговаривать
scheduled запланированное
measures меры
adversaries противники
suppliers поставщики
roughly грубо
benchmark эталонный тест
confrontation противоборство
cargoes грузы
crude сырье
1. Why does Trump try to persuade China, India and other countries to join in
oil sanctions against Iran?
2. ―It‘s difficult for the United States to employ two sets of sanctions at once
and not disturb the oil markets when they are as tight as they are.‖ said Amy
Myers Jaffe, an energy expert at the Council on Foreign Relations. Do you
agree or disagree with this statement? Why?
3. What happens if USA will impose sanctions on Iran and Venezuela?
4. When is a Venezuelan election scheduled?
1) A Venezuelan election is scheduled on Sunday that True / False

President Nicolás Maduro is almost certain to win
because the main opposition is boycotting the vote,
calling it a sham.
2) The predicaments they face are big reasons that oil prices True / False
have climbed nearly 20 percent in recent months — with
Brent crude, the international benchmark, at almost $80 a
barrel — threatening global economic growth.
106
3) Unless Iran and the other countries that signed the 2015 True / False
nuclear pact can‘t reach a compromise.
4) ―There‘s a lot of basketball action,‖ said Amy Myers True / False
Jaffe, a light expert at the Council on Foreign Relations.
5) Now, up to a third of its remaining one million barrels a True / False
day in exports are at risk because of the near-collapse of
the state oil company, sanctions and the new
confrontation with ConocoPhillips.
E. Match the words.
1. difficult a) crude
2. critical b) measures
3. international c) roughly
4. heavy d) term
5. providing e) juggling
6. pejorative f) benchmark
7. including g) suppliers
F. Render the text.
Unit 5. Yellow Journalism
Yellow journalism, or the yellow press, is a US term for a type of journalism that
presents little or no legitimate well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching
headlines to sell more newspapers. Techniques may include exaggerations of
news events, scandal-mongering or sensationalism. By extension, the term yellow
journalism is used today as a pejorative to decry any journalism that treats news
in an unprofessional or unethical fashion.
107
The term is chiefly used in the US. In the UK, a roughly equivalent term is
tabloid journalism, meaning journalism characteristic of tabloid newspapers, even
if found elsewhere.
Frank Luther Mott identifies yellow journalism based on five characteristics:
1. scare headlines in huge print, often of minor news;
2. lavish use of pictures, or imaginary drawings;
3. use of faked interviews, misleading headlines, pseudoscience, and a
parade of false learning
from so-called experts;
4. emphasis on full-
color Sunday supplements,
usually with comic strips;
5. dramatic sympathy with the "underdog" against the system.
By Tess Koman for Delish, April 12, 2018

Khloé Kardashian Has Given Birth To A Baby Girl
Congratulations, mama!
Per TMZ, Khloe Kardashian gave birth to a baby girl on Thursday morning.
This comes just two days after footage of her boyfriend Tristan Thompson
allegedly cheating on her by kissing and motor-boating other women began
making the rounds online.
Khloe gave birth in Cleveland, despite reports she was trying to get back to
L.A. in the wake of the scandal. Tristan was reportedly in the delivery room at the
time, though that hasn't been confirmed. Kim Kardashian and Kris Jenner also
reportedly flew in to Cleveland when Khloe went into labor, so they were
presumably there when it happened as well.
108
This is Khloe's first baby — it's Tristan's second. Per PEOPLE, he has a 16-
month-old son from a previous relationship. Thompson's ex Jordan Craig weighed
in on the Thompson's alleged cheating (he reportedly left her for Khloe when she
was nine months pregnant), writing "If you respect yourself and you respect others,
you would never make light of the misfortune of anyone, nor would you feel
indemnified when it comes at the expense of others" on her Instagram Story on
Monday.
Nothing has been reported yet on mom and baby's condition, though
hopefully everyone is happy and healthy and well.
The 33-year-old has long been open about her struggle to conceive. Her
daughter comes just about 10 weeks after little sister Kylie Jenner gave birth to
baby Stormi. Neither confirmed she was pregnant until she was very far along —
Khloe confirmed her pregnancy just three months ago; Kylie only confirmed she
was pregnant after having given birth.
"My greatest dream realized! We are having a baby! I had been waiting and
wondering but God had a plan all along. He knew what He was doing. I simply had
to trust in Him and be patient. I still at times can't believe that our love created life!
Tristan, thank you for loving me the way that you do! Thank you for treating me
like a Queen! Thank you for making me feel beautiful at all stages! Tristan, most
of all, Thank you for making me a MOMMY!!! You have made this experience
even more magical than I could have envisioned! I will never forget how
wonderful you've been to me during this time! Thank you for making me so happy
my love!‖, - she wrote at the time.
Congrats, Khloe!!! Wishing you and bb girl all the very best.
exaggerations перегибы
pejorative унизительный
decry осуждать
109
pseudoscience лженаука
supplements дополнения
footage кадры
presumably предположительно
indemnified компенсируемый
struggle схватки
pregnant беременная
envision вообразить
1. What is the modern idea of the yellow journalism?

2. What equivalent term has the yellow journalism?
3. What basic characteristics of the yellow press highlighted Frank Luther
Mott?
1) By extension, the term yellow journalism is used True / False

today as a pejorative to decry any journalism that
treats news in an unprofessional or unethical fashion.
2) Frank Luther Mott identifies yellow journalism based True / False
on ten characteristics.
3) Khloe gave birth in L.A. in the wake of the scandal. True / False
4) This is Khloe's second baby — it's Tristan's first. True / False
5) Kylie only confirmed she was pregnant after having True / False
given birth.
E. Match the words.
1. well-researched a) relationship
2. so-called b) news
3. previous c) condition
4. baby's d) strips
110
5. eye-catching e) headlines
6. comic f) experts
F. Render the text.
Unit 6. Music Journalism
Music journalism (or "music criticism") is media criticism and reporting about
popular music topics, including pop music, rock music, and related styles.
Journalists began writing about music in the eighteenth century, providing
commentary on what is now thought of as classical music. In the 2000s, a more
prominent branch of music journalism is an aspect of entertainment journalism,
covering popular music and including profiles of singers and bands, live concert,
and album reviews.

By Tom Ewing for Pitchfork articles, August 27, 2009
The Decade in Pop

Taylor Swift released a new track to radio a couple of months back - the
"Pop Mix" of "You Belong With Me". Her original mix doesn't sound not-pop to
my ears: it's punchy, twangy, airbrushed country, a sweet sound backing up a
sharp song about playing the long game, waiting in the background while the
person you love wastes their time on a loser. What does the "Pop Mix" do to it? It
adds an alt-rock bassline, compressed buzzsaw guitars on the chorus, and a power-
pop solo in the middle eight. "Pop" in this context means "sounds as much as
possible like 'Since U Been Gone'".
All that ballast crushes the song's sweetness. But what I, or any other writer,
think hardly matters - pop is a troublesome genre for the critic or obsessive fan
111
because they don't get much say in what counts. It's not like club music where
every new twist and trick gets its own name soon enough. It's not like metal
where the truth or falsity of the music forges and animates fandoms. It's not like
hip-hop where debates over realness are encoded into the tracks themselves. Pop is
defined by success in the marketplace - meaning some changeable combination of
the labels, the radio, the gossip blogs, the folks who buy music for ads and TV
shows, and the people they are trying to please: you and me.
It's not a free marketplace, or a fair one; it's not rational, and it often ignores
or destroys quality. But as soon as you step aside from it, as soon as you start to
say, "OK, this stuff is proper pop and this stuff isn't," you're defining something
else.
Not that I'd blame you. The fierce sense that the market is failing - that pop
has gone wrong and that its spirit lives only in exile - sits somewhere behind every
independent movement that lays claim to the p-word, and every hopeful revivalist.
Pop wears many skins and sheds them constantly and inconveniently. The husks
can be beautiful, what wriggles free of them often awkward and ugly - naturally
it's tempting to settle on a discard, pay it cult, study and describe it.
Like indie pop, for instance. One reason I like that Taylor Swift single is that
in sentiment it reminds me of music I heard on John Peel in the 80s - the mousy
righteousness of Taylor's unspoken infatuation is pure Sarah Records. But there
the similarity ends. As music, indie pop held, and holds still, that a messy sketch of
an ideal form is worth more than a glossy grab at whatever works.
You might say ideals should beat pragmatism - but all the ideals of "perfect
pop" we have started out as hopes and hustles. The 60s girl groups and janglers
that indie pop drew on were going for effectiveness, and it happened that beauty
worked. The appeal of pop, for me, is that its definition of effective keeps changing
- yes, conservatism brings return, but so does novelty. The constant dance of
"what's great" and "what works" is what keeps me a pop fan: It's as close as art
comes to sport.
112
punchy энергичный
twangy звонкий
airbrushed распылѐнный
buzzsaw циркулярная пила
twist and trick крутки и хитрости
falsity фальшь, ложность
forge подделывать
animate воодушевлять, вдохновлять
marketplace рынок
revivalist возрожденец
inconveniently неудобно
husks обѐртки
awkward неловкий, неудобный
righteousness справедливость
infatuation слепое увлечение
janglers жонглѐры
C. Answer the questions:
1. What is the purpose of the musical journalism?

2. What does this area of journalism cover?
3. What is the story about the Pop Mix album?
4. Why is pop a troublesome genre for the critic?
5. What does appeal for pop-music mean?
6. Do you agree with the author‘s opinion?
1) Journalists began writing about music in True / False

the eighteenth century, providing commentary
on what is now thought of as classical music.
2) Taylor Swift released a new track to radio a couple True / False
113
of months back - the "You Belong With Me".
3) Pop isn‘t defined by success in the marketplace. True / False
4) Pop wears many skins and sheds them constantly True / False
and inconveniently.
5) The 60s girl groups and janglers that indie pop drew True / False
on were going for effectiveness, and it happened that
beauty worked.
E. Match the words.
1. prominent a) fan
2. live b) bassline
3. alt-rock c) concert
4. obsessive d) grab
5. free e) marketplace
6. glossy f) branch
F. Render the text.
Unit 7. Sports Journalism
Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on sporting topics and

competitions. Also sports journalism is the essential element of many news media
organizations. While the sports department (along with entertainment news) within
some newspapers has been mockingly called the toy department, because sports
journalists do not concern themselves with the 'serious' topics covered by the news
desk, sports coverage has grown in importance as sport has grown in wealth,
power, and influence.
Sports covers many aspects of human athletic competition, and is an integral
part of most journalism products, including newspapers, magazines, and radio and
television news broadcasts. While some critics don't consider sports journalism
114
true journalism, the prominence of sports in Western culture has justified the
attention of journalists to not just the competitive events in sports, but also to
athletes and the business of sports.
Sports journalism in the United States has traditionally been written in a
looser, more creative and more opinionated tone than traditional journalistic
writing; the emphasis on accuracy and underlying fairness is still a part of sports
journalism. An emphasis on the accurate description of the statistical performances
of athletes is also an important part of sports journalism.
A) Read and translate the following passage:
INDEPENDENT
Tuesday 8 May 2018
Manchester United defender Phil Jones has described Sir Alex Ferguson
as "like a father" to him.
Former United boss Ferguson, who won 38 trophies during his time at Old
Trafford, remains in a Salford hospital having undergone emergency surgery on
Saturday following a brain haemorrhage.
Jones is one of those currently at United who was signed by Ferguson,
having joined from Blackburn in 2011, and the England international has described
how pivotal his old manager was in helping him settle in. "I am just devastated,
absolutely devastated," Jones said. "He is such a legend in my eyes. He is the one
who brought me to the club and gave me that opportunity to play for one of the
biggest clubs in the world. He's taken me under his wing like a father and it was
shocking, it's sad, but I know his character. I know he has that fight in him.
Hopefully he'll recover well."
115
Current top-flight managers at United's rival clubs such as Arsene Wenger,
Pep Guardiola and Jurgen Klopp all had messages of support for 76-year-old
Ferguson over the weekend.
And on Sunday, after some Manchester City fans ran onto the pitch to
celebrate their Premier League title success, two supporters held up a sign which
read: "Football aside get well Fergie".
"He has got all his family and friends around him, the support from all the
players and staff at Man United and football around the world," Jones added.
"When something like that does happen it's nice that the football world comes
together and shows support and we are all rooting for him. I'm sure he will be
fine."
Jones' team-mate Juan Mata also dedicated his weekly blog post to
Ferguson.
"This blog's entry is going to be particularly short, if you don't mind," Mata
said. "This Saturday, all of us were overwhelmed by the news about Sir Alex
Ferguson's health condition. This circumstance has had a huge impact on
Manchester United, as you can imagine. All of us are united right now, wishing Sir
Alex a speedy recovery. He has been a unique and fundamental figure in the
football world over the last few decades".
B) Active Vocabulary
essential важный, существенный,

неотъемлемый
mockingly насмешливо
prominence известность
justified оправданный
emphasis акцент, особое внимание
accuracy точность
defender защитник (спорт.)
116
undergone претерпеть, перенести, испытать
brain haemorrhage кровоизлияние в мозг (мед.)
pivotal основной, центральный
devastated опустошѐнный
staff сотрудники
rooting for smb болеть за кого-либо
dedicate посвятить
entry запись
overwhelmed потрясѐнный, ошеломлѐнный
circumstance обстоятельство
C) Answer the questions.

1. What does sports journalism cover?
2. Sports journalism was called «toy department». What do you think about
it?
3. What are the main features of sports journalism?
4. What happened with Alex Ferguson?
5. Why has Phil Jones mentioned Alex Ferguson as "like a father" to him?
D) Match each statement true or false.

1) Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on True / False
sporting topics and competitions.
2) Sports journalism in the United Kingdom has True / False
traditionally been written in a looser, more creative
and more opinionated tone than traditional journalistic
writing; the emphasis on accuracy and underlying
fairness is still a part of sports journalism.
3) An emphasis on the accurate description of the True / False
statistical performances of athletes is also an
important part of sports journalism.
4) Manchester United defender Phil Jones has described True / False
Sir Alex Ferguson as "like a brother" to him.
5) Former United boss Ferguson, who won 38 trophies True / False
during his time at Old Trafford, remains in a Salford
hospital having underwent emergency surgery on
Saturday following broken leg.
6) Current top-flight managers at United's rival clubs True / False
such as Arsene Wenger, Pep Guardiola and Jurgen
Klopp all had messages of support for 76-year-old
117
Ferguson over the weekend.
E) Match the words.

1. essential a. events
2. integral b. fairness
3. competitive c. impact
4. underlying d. element
5. huge e. recovery
6. speedy f. figure
7. fundamental g. part
F) Render the text.
Unit 8. Science Journalism
Science journalism conveys reporting about science to the public. The field
typically involves interactions between scientists, journalists, and the public. The
aim of a science journalist is to render very detailed, specific, and often jargon-
laden information produced by scientists into a form that non-scientists can
understand and appreciate while still communicating the information accurately.
One way science journalism can achieve that is to avoid an information deficit
model of communication, which assumes a top-down, one-way direction of
communicating information that limits an open dialogue between knowledge
holders and the public.
Science journalists often have training in the scientific disciplines that they
cover. Some have earned a degree in a scientific field before becoming journalists
or exhibited talent in writing about science subjects. However, good preparation
for interviews and even deceptively simple questions such as "What does this mean
to the people on the street?" can often help a science journalist develop material
118
that is useful for the intended audience. Science journalists must understand and
interpret very detailed, technical and sometimes jargon-laden information and
render it into interesting reports that are comprehensible to consumers of news
media.
The New York Times

By Veronique Greenwood
May 3, 2018
Call it a galaxy in a bottle
Last Wednesday, astronomers in Europe released a three-dimensional map

of the Milky Way. It is the most detailed survey ever produced of our home
galaxy. It contains the vital statistics of some 1.3 billion stars — about one percent
of the whole galaxy. Not to mention measurements of almost half a million
quasars, asteroids and other flecks in the night.
Analyzing all these motions and distances, astronomers say, could provide
clues to the nature of dark matter. The gravity of that mysterious substance is said
to pervade space and sculpt the arrangements of visible matter. Gaia‘s data could
also reveal information about the history of other forces and influences on our
neighborhood in the void. And it could lead to a more precise measurement of a
historically troublesome parameter called the Hubble constant, which describes
how fast the universe is expanding.
The map is the latest result from the European Space Agency‘s Gaia
mission, which was launched into an orbit around the sun in December 2013. It
was built by an international collaboration of European astronomers and
universities as the successor to the Hipparcos satellite, which charted the positions
of about 2 million stars. Gaia‘s cameras find the distances to stars by triangulation,
measuring how their images shift against background stars and quasars as the
spacecraft swings from one side of its orbit to the other — a baseline of about 186
119
million miles. A preliminary data release, containing information on 2 million
stars, was published in 2016.
The new data set is based on 22 months, from July 2014 to May 2016, of
staring at the sky. The first sifting of these stars has led to new insights into the
types and colors and ages of the stars, and has allowed astronomers to distinguish
subsets of stars with different histories and origins in the galaxy, which could lead
to a better account of how and when the Milky Way formed.
The mission continues. The final Gaia catalog, expected in the early 2020s,
will include positions, motions, brightnesses and other parameters of over a billion
more stars. There is Big Data and then there is Cosmic Data.
―Gaia is astronomy at its finest,‖ said Fred Jansen, of ESA, the mission‘s
manager.
convey передавать, сообщать
comprehensible понятный
three-dimensional трѐхмерный
survey обзор
fleck пятно, крапинка, частица
clues ключи к разгадке
pervade пронизывать, наполнять
triangulation триангуляция (деление геометрической
поверхности на треугольники и вычисление
углов протяжений тригонометрическим
способом. Геодезический метод
нахождения опорных точек на земной
поверхности, служащих для
топографических съемок и различных
геодезических измерений на местности.)
shift сдвиг, смещение

swing качание, колебание
preliminary предварительный
120
sifting просеивание, анализ
insight понимание
distinguish выделять, различать
1. What does science journalism include?

2. What is the purpose of a science journalist?
3. What does three-dimensional map of the Milky Way contain?
4. What is «Gaia»?
5. What do you think about space exploration? Is it necessary for scientists to
explore the universe?

1) Science journalism conveys reporting about True / False
science to the public.
2) Science journalists often have training in the True / False
scientific disciplines that they cover.
3) Last Wednesday, astronomers in Europe released True / False
a two-dimensional map of the Milky Way.
4) It contains the vital statistics of some 1.3 billion True / False
stars — about five percent of the whole galaxy.
5) Gaia‘s data could also reveal information about True / False
the history of other forces and influences on our
neighborhood in the void.
6) The map is the latest result from the European True / False
Space Agency‘s Gaia mission, which was
launched into an orbit around Venus in December
2013.
E) Match the words.

1. jargon-laden a. audience
2. one-way b. stars
121
3. knowledge c. information
4. intended d. holders
5. background e. direction
F) Render the text.
Unit 9. Food Columns
The terms food critic, food writer, and restaurant critic can all be used to
describe a writer who analyzes food or restaurants and then publishes the results of
their findings. While these terms are not strictly synonymous they are often used
interchangeably, at least in some circumstances. Those who share their opinions
via food columns in newspapers and magazines are known as food columnists.
They are often experts in the field.
https://www.esquire.com/food-drink/restaurants/a19042079/most-exclusive-
restaurants/
Example: Esquire.com, ‗How to Get a Table at the World's Most Exclusive

Restaurants‘ by Diana Spechler, 2 March 2018
From secret locations to golden tickets, snagging a reservation is just the

beginning.
To enter Mesa 1, the newest restaurant at the W Hotel in Punta de Mita in
Mexico, you walk through a jungle to a bridge submerged in water. When you
move to step on it, the bridge rises from the depths, creating a dry passage. (The
magic of water pumps.) On the other side, a table whittled from a tree trunk seats
one party, up to twelve people, once a night. And then the bridge disappears,
122
marooning you with your dining companions and the restaurant staff. Mesa1 is
one of the latest in a handful of restaurants around the world to bank on that siren
song of exclusivity: If there‘s only one table, everyone wants to sit at it.
That partly explains why some of these restaurants succeed, but when your
business model is to turn most customers away, and to charge what 95 percent of
the Earth‘s inhabitants would never spend on even a week of meals, your product
had better be exceptional.
I like to think I‘m impervious to manipulation, whether it‘s an email from a
faraway prince requesting the contents of my checking account or a restaurant
insisting that my dinner is not a dinner but a journey. But when you pair the
intoxicating buzz of an exclusive table, gourmet food, good wine, and a beautiful
ambience, well, it totally works on me. It works on a lot of people.
And in a world that often makes us feel unseen, if you have the chance (and
a bunch of disposable
income) why not succumb to
the illusion? Here are 5 of the
best places to do it.
Mesa 1
When you book
Mesa 1, you‘ll hear about
their three menus; choose one,
or allow Chef Marco to
prepare a mix of the three –
the poultry-based "Air" menu
offers a duck mole with fig chutney, the seafood-based "Water" menu features a
king crab in green gazpacho that will solve all your problems, and the meat-based
"Land" menu stars a ribeye with mashed potatoes, mushrooms, and black truffle
sauce. Either way, you can't lose.
123
The meal starts with watching the sunset – from there, you‘ll dine in the
dark, the setting lit only by votive candles, so as not to dim the stars that seem to
be twinkling just for you.
UNA
London, United Kingdom
―Experience‖ is a popular buzz word in restaurants with one table, and
collaboration, or at least the illusion of collaboration, makes diners feel special.
That‘s crucial: Service must transcend standard fine-dining tropes and transport the
guests, reminding them that they‘re somewhere most will never go, enjoying a
meal that most will never enjoy. UNA manages to transport you, but to a place that
feels like home – or at least like a guest in someone else's – while feasting on some
of the finest Argentinian dishes Europe has to offer.
Ultraviolet
Shanghai, China
"A single noodle, presented in a concentric circle, made of fresh cuttlefish,"
is a sentence from Ultraviolet‘s website that I will never stop hearing in a movie-
trailer voice. Adding to the suspense, you'll be eating it in a secret location. Chef
Paul Pairet believes in the importance of not just the few hours the diners spend at
the table, but the memories they make: "the taste after the taste."
Solo per Due
Vacone, Italy
Italian for "just for two," Solo per Due lives up to its name: One table and
two seats, overlooking a Roman villa. Guests call ahead to discuss and collaborate
on the dining experience before it happens. (Recently, one couple wanted to eat
their dinner among 400 blue roses. The restaurant complied.)
Solo per Due features an analogous mix of jobs, rejecting the idea that the
chef is the star of the show: "Our work takes place behind the scenes," says
Giovanni Di Claudio. "You don‘t know who cooks, who‘s in service. We are a
team. Everyone contributes to the success of the event."
124
Feeling romantic? In 30 years, Solo per Due – at least according to Solo per
Due – has hosted 4,500 marriage proposals. "Our job is to make the feeling of love
unleash," says Di Claudio. "We are like a mysterious enzyme that, if present in a
mixture of two chemical compounds, triggers a surprising reaction."
é by José Andres
Las Vegas, Nevada
No Wonka, but each guest at é is admitted with a golden ticket and assigned
his or her own chef. The restaurant forgoes menus, opting instead for a server who
functions as an emcee, explaining the courses, telling a story.
"During service," says head chef Eric Suniga, "the guest is surrounded by a
team of chefs, who are doing everything from cooking to plating to serving."
From your seat at this bar in Las Vegas, close your eyes and you just might
think you're traveling through Spain.
submerged погруженный
depths недра
whittled вырезанный
marooning высаживать на необитаемом острове
exceptional исключительный
impervious невосприимчивый
ambience окружение, атмосфера
disposable income свободные деньги
succumb поддаться
dim тускнеть
twinkle сиять
buzzword модное слово,ключевое
noodle лапша
cuttlefish каракатица, головоногий моллюск
suspense неизвестность, интрига
125
reject отвергать
unleash давать волю, высвобождать
enzyme фермент
compound соединение (хим.)
admitted признанный

1.Who is a food columnist?
2.What are the main points of the example?
3. Do you agree with the statement: ‗But when you pair the intoxicating buzz of an
exclusive table, gourmet food, good wine, and a beautiful ambience, well, it totally
works on me. It works on a lot of people‘?
4. How do you understand ‗a buzz word‘ in the context of the article?

1) Those who share their opinions via True / False
food columns are known as market
columnists.
2) Buzz of an exclusive table, gourmet True / False

food and a beautiful ambience works on
a lot of people.
3) UNA manages to transport you to a True / False

place that feels like home – or at least
like a guest in someone else's.
4) "A single noodle, presented in a True / False

concentric circle, made of fresh
cuttlefish," is a sentence from José
Andres‘s website.
E. Match the words.

1.dry a. proposal
2. siren b. tropes
3. surprising c. passage
126
4. marriage d. reaction
5. fine-dining e. song
F. Render the text.
Unit 10. Investigative Journalism
Investigative journalism is a form of journalism in which reporters deeply

investigate a single topic of interest, such as serious crimes, political corruption, or
corporate wrongdoing. An investigative journalist may spend months or years
researching and preparing a
report. Investigative journalism
is a primary source of
information. Most investigative
journalism is conducted by
newspapers, wire services, and
freelance journalists.
Practitioners sometimes use the
terms "watchdog reporting" or
"accountability reporting".
An investigative reporter may make use of one or more of these tools, among
others, on a single story:
 Analysis of documents, such as lawsuits and other legal documents, tax
records, government reports, regulatory reports, and corporate financial
filings
 Databases of public records
 Investigation of technical issues, including scrutiny of government and
business practices and their effects
 Research into social and legal issues
127
 Subscription research sources such as LexisNexis
 Numerous interviews with on-the-record sources as well as, in some
instances, interviews with anonymous sources (for example whistleblowers)
 Federal or state Freedom of Information Acts to obtain documents and data
from government agencies

EXAMPLE: The Bureau of investigative journalism, January 2012
Revealed: Deaths that were not in official report

Between 1998 and 2009, according to the IPCC, there were 16 cases of
restraint related deaths in police custody. The data, however, on which this
conclusion was based was not available for scrutiny. After months of protracted
argument and Freedom of Information requests the IPCC finally released to the
Bureau the names of 86 people who died in circumstances where restraint was
used but was not necessarily a direct cause of death.
We cross-referenced these names with other cases in the public domain and
found there were other cases that did not appear in the list of 16, in which restraint
clearly played a part in the deaths.
This included the case of Simon Bosworth, a property valuer in
Peterborough, who died after police restrained him, possibly as he was having an
epileptic fit.
It turns out the IPCC has a very tight definition of ‗in custody‘ – defined
only as when someone has been formally arrested or detained under the mental
health act. This does not include people who have died after being in contact with
the police.
There are in fact two lists. The one which includes the widely quoted list of
sixteen deaths in custody only records the cases where the person has been arrested
or detained under the mental health act. So, an individual who comes into contact
128
with the police – is never arrested or detained – but nonetheless dies after being
restrained, is not included in the figures.
In Mr Bosworth‘s case, for example, he called the police because he thought
he was being burgled. He was restrained because he was acting strangely – but not
arrested.
Glaring omissions?
There are other cases which raise serious questions about the information
published by the IPCC. There are seemingly glaring omissions. The IPCC‘s
definitive list of 16 deaths in police custody does not include well-publicised cases
like that of Roger Sylvester – a case that led the Metropolitan police to review
restraint training.
But even using the IPCC‘s tightly drawn definition, the Bureau has
identified cases that are still missing. Giles Freeman, a schizophrenic from Slough,
is not on the list. The inquest jury handed down a narrative verdict that he died of:
‗cardio-respiratory arrest as a result of restraint and excessive activity whilst
suffering a psychotic episode.‘
Another is Andrew Jordan. He was detained by police officers under the
Mental Health Act. The inquest jury found that: ‗Mr Jordan died in part because of
asphyxia caused by prolonged restraint.‘ The IPCC figures showing the relatively
low level of deaths in custody have been used to inform the debate over the use of
restraint by the police.
Our investigation has raised serious questions about the definitions being
used, which exclude cases that are clearly relevant.
129
B. Active Vocabulary.
investigative journalism журналистское расследование
watchdog reporting служба сторожевого пса
accountability reporting отчет о подотчетности
tax налог
IPCC (Independent Police Complaints независимая комиссия по

Commission) рассмотрению жалоб на действия
полиции
police custody содержание под стражей в полиции
scrutiny исследование; изучение
circumstances обстоятельства
widely quoted широко цитируемый
glaring вопиющий
seemingly по-видимому
well-publicised cases широко распространенные случаи
restraint сдержанность; ограничение
inquest расследование
whilst в то время как
suffering страдание
130
1. What is Investigative journalism?

2. What tools can an investigative reporter use?
3. Is it dangerous to be an investigative journalist? Why?
4. Do you agree that the journalistic investigation is more truthful than the
police inquest?

1) Journalist investigates several topical issues True / False
simultaneously.
2) You will not find in the list of dead True / False

unofficially detained people.
3) The police continue to apply established True / False
methods of detention after the death of Roger
Sylvester.
4) In his investigation, a journalist can rely on True / False
the freedom of information law to obtain
documents and data.
E. Match the words.
1. watchdog a. sources
2. prolonged b. activity
3. anonymous c. reporting
4. excessive d. restraint
F. Render the text.
131
Unit 11. New Journalism
New Journalism is a style of

news writing and journalism,
developed in the 1960s and
1970s, which uses literary
techniques deemed
unconventional at the time. It is
characterized by a subjective
perspective, a literary style
reminiscent of long-form non-
fiction and emphasizing "truth"
over "facts," and intensive
reportage in which reporters
immersed themselves in the stories as they reported and wrote them. This was in
contrast to traditional journalism where the journalist was typically "invisible" and
facts are reported as objectively as possible. The phenomenon of New Journalism
is generally considered to have ended by the early 1980s.
From Tom Wolfe’s “The Last American Hero Is Junior Johnson. Yes!”
(Esquire: March 1965)
Ten o‘clock Sunday morning in the hills of North Carolina. Cars, miles of
cars, in every direction, millions of cars, pastel cars, aqua green, aqua blue, aqua
beige, aqua buff, aqua dawn, aqua dusk, aqua aqua, aqua Malacca, Malacca
lacquer, Cloud lavender, Assassin pink, Rake-a-cheek raspberry. Nude Strand
coral, Honest Thrill orange, and Baby Fawn Lust cream-colored cars are all going
132
to the stock-car races, and that old mothering North Carolina sun keeps exploding
off the windshields. Mother dog!<…>
Working mash wouldn‘t wait for a man. It started coming to a head when it
got ready to and a man had to be there to take it off, out there in the woods, in the
brush, in the brambles, in the muck, in the snow. Wouldn‘t it have been
something if you could have just set it all up inside a good old shed with a
corrugated metal roof and order those parts like you want them and not have to
smuggle all that copper and all that sugar and all that everything out here in the
woods and be a coppersmith and a plumber and a cooper and a carpenter and a
pack horse and every other goddamned thing God ever saw in this world, all at
once.
unconventional нетрадиционный
reminiscent напоминающий
immersed погруженный
beige бежевый
mash затор, пробка
brambles ежевика
muck грязь
corrugated metal roof крыша из гофрированного металла
smuggle перевозить, заниматься
контрабандой
1. When did «new journalism» develop?

2. What are techniques of new journalism? Find them in article.
3. What is the difference between a traditional journalism and «new» one?
133
4. Do you agree that the phenomenon of new journalism ended?
1) New Journalism is a style of news writing and journalism, True/False

developed in the 1950s and 1960s, which uses literary techniques
deemed unconventional at the time.
2) It is characterized by a subjective perspective, a scientific True/False
stylereminiscent of long-form non-fiction and emphasizing
"truth" over "facts," and intensive reportage in which reporters
immersed themselves in the stories as they reported and wrote
them.
3) This was in contrast to traditional journalism where the journalist True/False
was typically "invisible" and facts are reported as objectively as
possible.
4) The phenomenon of New Journalism is generally considered to True/False
have ended by the early 1980s.
E. Match the words.
1. literary a. journalism
2. traditional b. perspective
3. stock-car c. style
4. subjective d. races
F. Render the text
Unit 12. Travel Journalism
Travel journalism is a special direction in the mass media, focused on providing

information about travel in the context of developing such topics as geography,
history, culture, tourism, etc.
134
National Geographic February 2018. Page 12

«DRIVING ME WILD»
Growing up in Calcutta, my holidays followed a pattern. Summers were

spent in Darjeeling and winters in Puri. It mattered that we were getting away. I
didn‘t ever concern myself with how far we went. When I was 13, though, my
father announced we were going to Nepal. For the first time, I was leaving the
country. I was, my sister reminded me, going abroad. Distance, suddenly, meant
something. Kathmandu‘s streets did not seem foreign, but its casinos certainly
were. Strangely, I was allowed to gamble. I beat the dealer. I then won at
blackjack. I was on a roll. I did not want to leave.
My sister grew concerned — ―The way he signals for cards is not normal.‖
My mother tried to calm her. ―We‘ll be in the forest tomorrow. Trust me, he‘ll
forget.‖ It‘s regrettable, but mothers do know better. We flew south the next
morning, all the way to Chitwan National Park. I had never seen a forest before. I
still remember how it smelt, how my glasses fogged up, how everything —
including me — felt newly alive.
Established in 1964, the Tiger Tops Jungle Lodge had earned itself quite the
reputation for responsible travel by the mid-nineties. Sitting around a fireplace on
our first night there, the resident naturalist told my sister, ―Just three nights ago, a
tiger had walked up to the very edge of our lodge.‖ The wild does make children of
us all, but I found my 17-year old Didi‘s response to it particularly annoying. She
demanded that our family of four stay in a single room. This meant I had to
squeeze myself into a single bed she had monopolised. I was instructed to always
be in her line of vision. She dug her nails into my hands when we went out on an
elephant safari, and she held me close to her. I had never felt braver. <…>
135
pattern шаблон, образец

gamble азартная игра, авантюра
on a roll в ударе
concerned обеспокоенный
calm (v) успокаивать
regrettable прискорбный
fogged up запотеть
squeeze втиснуться

1. What does travel journalism include?
2. Do you agree that the job role of a travel journalist is very interesting?
Why?
3. Is the work space of a travel journalist limited?
4. What do you think about travel articles? Do readers like them?

1) Travel journalism is a special True / False
direction in the mass media, focused on
providing information about travel in
the context of developing such topics
as geography, politics, economics,
tourism, etc.
2) Growing up in Calcutta, my True / False
holidays followed a pattern.
3) Strangely, I was allowed to gamble. True / False
I beat the dealer. I then won at poker. I
was on a roll. I did not want to leave.
4) It‘s regrettable, but fathers do know True / False
better.
5) Sitting around a fireplace on our first True / False
night there, the resident naturalist told
136
my sister, ―Just three nights ago, a tiger
had walked up to the very edge of our
lodge.‖
6) She dug her nails into my hands True / False
when we went out on an elephant
safari, and she held me close to her. I
felt fearful.
E) Match the words.

1. provide a. travel
2. responsible b. annoying
3. resident c. brave
4. particularly d. information
5. feel e. naturalist
F) Render the text.
Unit 13. Gonzo Journalism
Gonzo Journalism (Gonzo - "crazy") - a direction in journalism, which is

characterized by a deeply subjective style of first-person narration, while the
reporter does not act as an impartial observer, but as a direct participant in the
events described, using his personal experience and openly expressing emotions,
thereby emphasizing the main meaning of these events. In "gonzo-journalism"
quotes, sarcasm, humor, exaggeration and even profanity are also actively used,
which is an integral feature of this style.

Time, June 2001. «DOOMED LOVE AT THE TACO STAND»
By HUNTER S. THOMPSON.
137
TIME asked HUNTER S. THOMPSON, a former copyboy here who went on
to an even more exciting career as a gonzo journalist, to report from the set of the
movie being made of his 1971 book, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, in which
Johnny Depp plays Thompson and the author appears in a cameo role. Thompson,
who this year published a volume of collected letters called The Proud Highway,
ended up taking Depp's car and checkbook on a romantic adventure. Fasten your
seat belts...
Oct. 11th (HOLLYWOOD)
Going to Hollywood is a dangerous high-pressure gig for most people, under
any circumstances. It is like pumping hot steam into thousands of different-size
boilers. The laws of physics mandate that some will explode before others --
although all of them will explode sooner or later unless somebody cuts off the
steam.
I love steam myself, and I have learned to survive under savage and unnatural
pressures. I am a steam freak. Hollywood is chicken feed to me. I can take it or
leave it. I have been here before, many times. On some days it seems like I have
lived at the Chateau Marmont for half my life. There is blood on these walls, and
some of it is mine. Last night I sliced off the tips of two fingers and bled so
profusely in the elevator that they had to take it out of service.
But nobody complained. I am not just liked at the Chateau, I am well-liked. I
have important people thrown out or black-listed on a whim. Nobody from the
Schwarzenegger organization, for instance, can even get a drink at the Chateau.
They are verboten. There is a ghastly political factor in doing any business with
Hollywood. You can't get by without five or six personal staff people -- and at least
one personal astrologer.<…>
impartial беспристрастный
there by тем самым
138
emphasizing подчеркивающий, выделяющий
end up завершить
fasten закрепить, скрепить
savage дикарь, невоспитанный человек
chicken feed жалкие гроши
profusely обильно
take it out of service вывести из строя
on a whim по прихоти

1. What does the word «gonzo» mean? What is «gonzo-journalism»?
2. What do you think about popularity of this direction among readers?
3. Do you agree that subjective style of narration is appropriate in «gonzo
journalism»?

1) Gonzo Journalism — a direction True / False
in journalism, which is
characterized by a deeply
objective style of first-person
narration
2) Going to Hollywood is a True / False
dangerous high-pressure gig for
most people, under any
circumstances.
3) On some days it seems like I True / False
have lived at the Loews
Hollywood Hotel for half my
life.
4) There is a ghastly political factor True / False

in doing any business with
Hollywood.
139
E) Match the words.
1. impartial a. role
2. cameo b. factor
3. hot c. observer
4. political d. steam
F) Render the text.
Unit 14. Multimedia Journalism
Multimedia journalism is media product that is dedicated to one topic and

combines several formats — photo, video, text, infographics, interactive.
Combinations of formats can be different, but this material always has a common
meaning, purpose, theme, idea, problem. Convergence is synonymous with
multimedia journalism. Convergent journalism is a result of merging, integration
of information and communication technologies into a single information resource.
Today, modern media companies are expanding their range of information and
entertainment products and use the "new" forms of delivery of media products:
online newspaper, radio on the Internet, web TV. For the first time a new approach
to media activities and the definition of "system mass media" was introduced by
V. S. Khelemendik in 1977. Modern Newspapers, radio, television and the Internet
operate in a multimedia environment, where rapprochement is formed.
https://ksj.mit.edu/multimedia-journalism/
http://www.nytimes.com/projects/2012/snow-fall/index.html#/?part=tunnel-creek
Example The New York Times, JOHN BRANCH, 2012
140
Snow Fall
The Avalanche at Tunnel Creek
The snow burst through the trees with no warning but a last-second whoosh
of sound, a two-story wall of white and Chris Rudolph‘s piercing cry:
―Avalanche! Elyse!‖
The very thing the 16 skiers and snowboarders had sought — fresh, soft
snow — instantly became the enemy. Somewhere above, a pristine meadow
cracked in the shape of a lightning bolt, slicing a slab nearly 200 feet across and 3
feet deep. Gravity did the rest.
Snow shattered and spilled down the slope. Within seconds, the avalanche
was the size of more than a thousand cars barreling down the mountain and
weighed millions of pounds. Moving about 70 miles per hour, it crashed through
the sturdy old-growth trees, snapping their limbs and shredding bark from their
trunks. Somewhere inside, it also carried people. How many, no one knew.
Elyse Saugstad, a professional skier, wore a backpack equipped with an air
bag, a relatively new and expensive part of the arsenal that backcountry users
increasingly carry to ease their minds and increase survival odds in case of an
avalanche. About to be overtaken, she pulled a cord near her chest. She was
knocked down before she knew if the canister of compressed air inflated winged
pillows behind her head.
She had no control of her body as she tumbled downhill. She did not know
up from down. It was not unlike being cartwheeled in a relentlessly crashing wave.
But snow does not recede. It swallows its victims. It does not spit them out.
Snow filled her mouth. She caromed off things she never saw, tumbling
through a cluttered canyon like a steel marble falling through pins in a pachinko
machine. Seconds later, tumbling uncontrollably inside a ribbon of speeding
snow, she was sure this was how she was going to die.
141
Moving, roiling snow turns into something closer to liquid, thick like lava.
But when it stops, it instantly freezes solid. Saugstad was mummified. She was on
her back, her head pointed downhill. She could not move her legs. One boot still
had a ski attached to it. She could not lift her head because it was locked into the
ice. But she could see the sky. Breathe easy, she told herself. Do not panic. Help
will come.
B. Active Vocabulary.
multimedia journalism мультимедийная журналистика
convergence конвергенция; слияние
merging объединение; слияние
rapprochement сближение
whoosh свист рассекаемого воздуха
avalanche лавина
barreling down катиться вниз
skier лыжник
knocked down сбивать с ног
tumble падать; кувыркаться
spit плевать
cluttered захламленный
ribbon лента
142
1. Is multimedia journalism popular?

2. Do you agree that multimedia journalism is more informative?
3. Is the stylistics of this text different from the newspaper?
4. Do you think you need details in a multimedia text or better leave them to
media content?
1) Snow avalanche resembles a True / False

liquid, because of its high speed, it
does not have time to freeze
quickly
2) Skiers have some time to escape True / False
from the approaching avalanche
3) There is equipment that will help True / False
survive in the avalanche
4) The last thing the skiers saw was a True / False
cracked meadow in the form of a
moon
E. Match the words.
1. increase a. environment
2. communication b. part
3. multimedia c. technologies
4. expensive d. survival
F. Render the text.
Unit 15. Street Journalism
The concept of citizen journalism (also known as "public", "participatory",

"democratic", "guerrilla" or "street" journalism) is based upon public citizens
143
"playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, analyzing, and
disseminating news and information." Similarly, Courtney C. Radsch defines
citizen journalism "as an alternative and activist form of news gathering and
reporting that functions outside mainstream media institutions, often as a response
to shortcomings in the professional journalistic field, that uses similar journalistic
practices but is driven by different objectives and ideals and relies on alternative
sources of legitimacy than traditional or mainstream journalism". Jay Rosen
proposes a simpler definition: "When the people formerly known as the audience
employ the press tools they have in their possession to inform one another."
Civil journalism (also called public, unified or democratic) is a type of
journalism or a form of alternative media that has become widespread with the
development of the Internet and new digital technologies, which implies the
activity of non-professional authors. Civil journalism is based on the fact that
ordinary citizens take an active part in the process of collecting, analyzing and
disseminating information.
BBC-News 16 May, 2018

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-44137979
Russia World Cup: Argentina 'flirting manual' panned
The Argentine Football Association (AFA) has been panned for including a
chapter about "how to stand a chance with a Russian girl" in a manual it handed to
journalists travelling to the World Cup in Russia.
It recommended that journalists "look clean, smell nice and dress well" in
order to impress Russian "girls".
It also urged them to treat women as "someone of worth".
The advice caused an outcry on social media and the AFA has since removed
it.
144
The association apologised and said that an internal investigation had found
that part of the material was "printed by mistake".
The controversy comes just months after the Argentine capital, Buenos
Aires, saw the biggest women's march in Latin America with protesters decrying
rampant sexism and demanding an end to violence against women.
Argentine journalist Nacho Catullo said he was among the dozens of
reporters and football officials attending a free course on Russian language and
culture held by the AFA for those travelling to the World Cup in Russia.
On his Twitter account he described (in Spanish) how they were handed a
manual in which the chapter on "how to stand a chance with a Russian girl"
featured.
He tweeted photos of the chapter which started being shared and mocked on
the internet as the course was still going on.
According to Catullo, officials then interrupted the course, collecting the
manuals only to return them with the controversial pages torn out.
"Muymoderno el manual de estilo de la AFA sobre el Mundial

(The AFA style manual about the World Cup is very modern)
9:08 PM - May 15, 2018
6,638
4,605 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
Report
End of Twitter post by @nachocatullo"
The advice is divided into eight sections and goes straight to the point.
"Because Russian women are beautiful, many men just want to sleep with
them," it suggests high up.
"Maybe they want that too, but they are also persons who want to feel
important and unique.
145
"Don't ask stupid questions about sex. For Russians, sex is something very
private and not discussed in public."
'Take the initiative'
It also urges Argentine men to start preparing early: "Russian women like
men who take the initiative, if you're not self-confident then you need to start
practicing talking to women."
To those Argentine men still doubting themselves it offers encouragement:
"Remember that many [Russian women] don't know much about your country,
you're new and different, this is your advantage over Russian men."
Finally, it urges men to be choosey and to concentrate on those Russian
women with whom they may stand a chance.
"Normally, Russian women care about the important things but of course
you'll also find those who just care about material things, money or whether you're
handsome, you name it. But don't worry, there are many beautiful women in
Russia and not all are for you. Be selective!"
Sources in the AFA told local media that the controversial chapter had been
lifted from a blog on the internet. It is not yet clear who decided to include it in the
manual.
citizen journalism гражданская журналистика

public общественность
participatory участие
democratic демократичность
guerrilla партизанский
"street" journalism «уличная» журналистика
civil journalism гражданская журналистика
panned панорамирование
manual руководство
146
urged настоятельно
outcry выкрик
controversy полемика
decrying порицания
rampant безудержный
demanding требовательный
dozens множество
doubting сомневающийся
controversial спорный
1. What is citizen journalism?

2. What did the Argentine Football Association prepare?
4. What did the Argentine journalist Nacho Catullo say?
5. Which chapter was removed from the blog?
1) The journalist does not need to take the True / False

initiative.
2) The journalist should look well-groomed. True / False
3) Citizens do not take any part in civil journalism. True / False
4) The AFA leaders kept information for the True / False

football fans.
5) The heads caused protests in social networks. True / False
E. Match the words.
1. alternative a. a chance
2. stand b. themselves
3. protesters c. media
4. football d. officials
147
5. doubting e. decrying
F. Render the text
Unit 16. Economic Journalism
The role of economic journalism is to promote progress, analyzing, giving

suggestions and explaining economic reality (ERBOLATO, 1981).
On the whole, economic journalism can be defined as a ―dissemination of facts and
issues related to the economy and the financial sector‖ (QUINTГO, 1987, p. 25).
However, observation of the most important media shows that economic
journalism should be connected with
the continuity of economic events in the
country and the relations among all
these events. As defined by Kucinski
(1996), economic journalism is a
different kind of journalism, not only
informing about unique and shocking
events, but also having to deal with the
constant transformation of economic
reality, with new variables that arise
and the lack of independence of the events.
The economy is a process, and rightly so, economic journalism reflects this
constant connection of continuous events. An important aspect that characterizes
economic journalism, as the author explains, is its relationship with capitalist logic.
According to the author, there is a conflict between serving the public with correct
information, free of opinion and ideology, and proximity to the logic of capitalism,
because the newspaper is still a company, concerned with its profit (KUCINSKI,
1996).
148
Example: China Plans to Offer Major Trade Concessions, but Skepticism

Abounds
By Mark Landler and Ana Swanson, May 17, 2018
Chinese negotiators are preparing to offer the United States a mammoth package
of promises to buy more American goods, in a bid to pare down the trade deficit
between the two countries and to defuse President Trump‘s aggressive moves
against China‘s trade practices.
The package, which officials said could approach the $200 billion in trade
concessions that the administration requested from the Chinese government earlier
this month, would allow Mr. Trump to claim a major victory in his campaign to
rebalance America‘s trade relationship with its biggest economic rival.
But economists said any Chinese promises would be largely illusory, given the
structural hurdles in China to buying more American exports. And critics say it
could impair Mr. Trump‘s more ambitious agenda to punish China for pressuring
American companies to hand over valuable technology.
The negotiations with Beijing come at a critical moment for Mr. Trump, four
weeks before he is to meet the leader of North Korea, Kim Jong-un, for talks about
giving up his nuclear arsenal. Twice in the last month, Mr. Kim has traveled to
China to confer with President Xi Jinping. Some administration officials said they
believed China was using its influence over North Korea as leverage to push Mr.
Trump for a trade deal.
―The short answer is these are unrealistic numbers,‖ said Chad Bown, a senior
fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Even if the Chinese stopped buying other foreign products, like Airbus airplanes
from the European Union or soybeans from Brazil, and purchased solely American
149
products, it would add up to only a small fraction of the $200 billion total. ―It
would even be a stretch to get it to $50 billion,‖ Mr. Bown said.
That is because the United States economy is already running near its full
productive capacity, meaning it would not be able to produce enough new goods to
meet Chinese demands, especially in the short term.
In that scenario, the United States would probably stop selling airplanes, soybeans
and other major exports to other countries and sell them to China instead —
shrinking the United States trade deficit with China but leaving the United States
trade deficit with the entire world unchanged.
interpret толковать
provide обеспечивать
segment часть, отрезок
in-depth в глубине
dedicated преданный
negotiator посредник
mammoth гигантский
concessions уступки
campaign кампания
illusory иллюзорный
hurdles барьерный бег
impair ухудшать
150
agenda повестка дня
pressuring давление на
nuclear ядерный
leverage средство достижения цели
shrinking сокращение

1. How do you understand the statement ―The short answer is these are unrealistic
numbers‖?
2. Why will the United States probably stop selling airplanes, soybeans and other
major exports to other countries?
3. What package of promises Chinese negotiators are preparing to offer the United
States?
4. Why did economists claim that any Chinese promises would be largely illusory?
5. What can happen if China stopped buying other foreign products?
1) Detailed and in-depth business journalism may appear in True / False

publications, radio, and television channels dedicated
specifically to business and financial journalism.
2) ―The long answer is these are unrealistic numbers,‖ said True / False
Chad Bown, a senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for
International Economics.
3) The package, which officials said could approach the $200 True / False
billion in trade concessions that the administration
requested from the Chinese government earlier this year.
4) The United States would probably stop selling airplanes, True / False
soybeans and other major exports to other countries and
sell them to China instead.
5) Most newspapers, magazines, radio, and television-news True / False
shows include a business segment.
6) Purchased solely Chinese products, it would add up to only True / False
a small fraction of the $100 billion total. ―It would even be
a stretch to get it to $10 billion,‖ Mr. Bown said.
151
E. Match the words.
1. nuclear a) journalism
2. pressuring b) package
3. ambitious c) arsenal
4. leverage d) companies
5. structural e) agenda
6. in-depth f) trade
7. a mammoth g) hurdles
8. shrinking h) to push
F. Render the text.
Unit 17. Religious Journalism
Religious journalism is the direction of journalism, in which journalists are

engaged in describing and studying the life and activities of religious confessions,
organizations and associations, as well as the forms and extent of their influence on
public, political and cultural processes. Religious journalism includes a wide
variety of thematic lines, sometimes quite far behind.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/11/traditional-antisemitism-is-back-
global-study-finds
Example: The Guardian.com, by Harriet Sherwood, religion correspondent.

11 Apr 2018
152
Insecurity among Jewish people worsened by rise of racist right and anti-
Israeli left
Feelings of insecurity are widespread among European Jews as a result of

the resurgence of the extreme right, a heated anti-Zionist discourse on the left and
radical Islam, according to a global study of antisemitism.
Last year the number of recorded violent antisemitic incidents fell by about
9% compared to 2016 – and by almost 50% compared with the 2006-14 average –
but there was a notable increase in harassment and abuse, according to a survey
published by the Kantor Center.
The report highlights a strengthening of the extreme right in some European
counties, ―accompanied by slogans and symbols reminiscent of the 1930s‖ and
―the intensity of the anti-Jewish sentiments expressed in a variety of ways [...]
especially on street demonstrations‖. It says this may explain a discrepancy
between the levels of fear among European Jews and the actual number of
incidents.
―Expressions of classic traditional antisemitism are back and, for example,
the term ‗Jew‘ has become a swear word,‖ it says.
The 105-page report examines the prevalence of antisemitism in Europe, the
post-Soviet region, the US, Canada, Australia, South America and South Africa. It
records 327 major incidents of violence, vandalism and desecration in 2017,
compared with a peak of 1,118 in 2009 and a low of 78 in 1989, the year the study
began. It found 30% of attacks were directed at individuals, 20% at cemeteries and
memorial sites, and 17% at synagogues.
It attributes the decrease to better security and intelligence, more
government spending, fewer Jews identifying themselves as such on the street, and
the attention of right wingers diverted to rising immigration.
It adds: ―But – and this is a major point – this situation is not necessarily
perceived in Jewish communities as a sufficient positive development, because the
presence of security measures means that they are a necessity, and mainly because
153
it is overshadowed by the many verbal and visual expressions, some on the verge
of violence, such as direct threats, harassments, hateful expressions and insults.
These take place in working places, schools, universities, playgrounds, near Jewish
homes and institutes, on football/soccer fields, during demonstrations in the streets,
and all the more so in the social networks.‖
In the last weeks of 2017 and the first months of 2018 a number of
demonstrations took place in different countries after Donald Trump‘s
controversial announcement that the US would henceforth consider Jerusalem
the capital of Israel, the report notes.
Reactions to the move included attacks on Jews, antisemitic slogans,
including calls for murder, and the burning of the Israeli flag. ―These incidents do
not necessarily originate in Muslim and Arab circles and countries, but rather come
from a variety of groups and circles, from most of the political spectrum, leftwing
groups included.‖
The report says: ―The rise of leftist antisemitism that supports radical
Muslim anti-Israeli attitudes expressed in antisemitic terms such as in the BDS
[boycott, divestment and sanctions] and Antifa [militant anti-fascist] movements,
and certainly in the UK Labour party led by Jeremy Corbyn.‖ Many Jews in the
UK were ―losing their traditional political home‖ as a result of feeling betrayed by
Labour, it adds.
As result of insecurity, an increasing number of Jews were no longer
wearing identifying items in public or attending synagogues on Jewish holidays.
―Once some Jews do not participate in Jewish traditional gatherings, do not
appear in the public sphere identified as Jews, avoid mentioning their real name on
the internet, do not openly support Israel, if communities run out of the financial
resources given heavy security costs and not much is left for culture and education
activities – the ability to live a full Jewish communal and individual life is
jeopardised, and so is Jewish identity,‖ the report says.
154
resurgence возрождение
increase рост
survey опрос
discrepancy противоречие
swear word ругательство
prevalence распространѐнность
desecration осквернение
rightwinger «правый» (в политике), консерватор
divert отклонять
sufficient достаточно
overshadow затмевать
controversial противоречивый
announcement объявление
henceforth отныне, с этого времени
divestment отчуждение
Labour party лейбористская партия (рабочего класса)
Betray предавать
jeopardize поставить под угрозу

1.What does religious journalism describe?
2.What is anti-Semitism? List examples of manifestation of this.
3.How do you understand the following statement: ‗Expressions of classic
traditional antisemitism are back and, for example, the term ‗Jew‘ has become a
swear word‘? What role do citations play in the text?
4.What are key ideas in the Guardian‘s text?

1) Religious journalism includes just True / False
one thematic line
155
2) The term ‗Jew‘ has become a True / False
swear word.
3) As result of insecurity, an True / False

increasing number of Jews were
no longer wearing identifying
items in public or attending
synagogues on Jewish holidays.
4) The ability to live a full Jewish True / False

communal and individual life is
protected, and so is Jewish
identity.
E. Match the words.
1. political a. lines
2. antisemitic b. expressions
3. thematic c. spectrum
4. hateful d. demonstrations
5. street e. incidents
F. Render the text.
Unit 18. War Correspondent
A war correspondent is a journalist who covers stories firsthand from a war

zone. They were also called special correspondents in the 19th century.
According to JP 1-02, United States Department of Defense Dictionary of
Military and Associated Terms, a military journalist is "A US Service member or
Department of Defense civilian employee providing photographic, print, radio, or
television command information for military internal audiences.
156
Embedded journalism refers to news reporters being attached to military
units involved in armed conflicts. While the term could be applied to many
historical interactions between journalists and military personnel, it first came to be
used in the media coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. The United States
military responded to pressure from the country's news media who were
disappointed by the level of access granted during the 1991 Gulf War and the
2001 U.S. invasion of Afghanistan.
The practice has been criticized as being part of a propaganda campaign
whereby embedded journalists accompanied the invading forces as cheerleaders
and flacks.
Military journalism is a genre of journalism aimed at covering hostilities
(wars, counterterrorism operations, ethnic and religious conflicts), as well as the
incorporation of state policy against the press during hostilities.
History
Military journalism begins with the emergence of communication
technologies. Quite early the value of military communications realized by
Alexander the great. In campaigns he was accompanied by specially trained people
who recorded his military successes and immortalized them in history.
The situation changed with the invention of Johann Gutenberg in 1450
printing press, which allowed to inform the General public about the events in the
war. One of the first such references was the capture of Lesbos by French and
Venetian forces. For Newspapers war became the main plot-first of all, the war
with the Ottoman Empire.
The first British newspaper Weekly news owes its appearance to Thirty years
of war (1618-1648).
Aljazeera 16 May, 2018
157
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/05/opcw-chlorine-possibly-attack-syria-
saraqeb-180516104540335.html
OPCW: Chlorine possibly used in attack in Syria's Saraqeb
International watch dog OPCW says samples from Saraqeb showed

unusual presence of the chemical in the local environment.
Chlorine was possibly used as a weapon in the rebel-held northern Syrian
town of Saraqeb in early February, the international chemical weapons watchdog
has said.
A fact-finding mission by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical
Weapons (OPCW) determined that "chlorine was released from cylinders by
mechanical impact in the Al Talil neighbourhood of Saraqeb" on February 4, an
OPCW statement said on Wednesday.
The team's conclusions were based on finding two cylinders "which were
determined as previously containing chlorine".
In addition, the OPCW said environmental samples had "demonstrated the
unusual presence of chlorine in the local environment".
Its team also interviewed witnesses and found that a "number of patients at
medical facilities shortly after the incident showed signs and symptoms consistent
with exposure to chlorine".
About 11 people were treated after the attack on February 4 for mild and
moderate symptoms of toxic chemical exposure, including breathing difficulties,
vomiting and unconsciousness, the OPCW said in a report on its findings.
Ahmet Uzumcu, OPCW director-general, harshly criticised the chemical
attack.
"I strongly condemn the continued use of toxic chemicals as weapons by
anyone, for any reason, and in any circumstances," he said in a statement.
"Such acts contradict the unequivocal prohibition against chemical weapons
enshrined in the Chemical Weapons Convention."
158
In line with its mandate, the OPCW did not say which side was responsible
for the chlorine attack on Saraqeb, which lies in rebel-held territory in the
province of Idlib.
But witnesses told OPCW investigators that the munitions were dropped in
barrel bombs from a helicopter, the report said.
Only Syrian government forces are known to have helicopters.
The OPCW is also investigating a suspected chemical attack on April 7 in the
Douma enclave near Damascus, which prompted missile attacks by the US,
France and Britain.
Those findings are expected by the end of the month.
A joint OPCW-UN mechanism for Syria has previously concluded that the
government of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has used both sarin nerve agent
and chlorine, killing and injuring hundreds of civilians.
Rebels were found to have used sulphur mustard once on a small scale.
The Syrian government denies the allegations.
military journalist военный журналист

embedded journalism встраиваемая журналистика
emergence появление
immortalized увековеченный
plot-first сюжетно-первый
organization for the Prohibition of организация по запрещению
Chemical Weapons (OPCW) химического оружия
chlorine хлор
international watchdog международный наблюдатель
rebel-held повстанцы
cylinders цилиндры
medical facilities медицинское оборудование
159
mild and moderate symptoms легкие и умеренные симптомы
vomiting рвота
unconsciousness беспамятство
harshly резко
condemn порицать
unequivocal prohibition недвусмысленный запрет
enshrined закреплѐнный
munitions военное снаряжение
barrel bombs боевые бомбы
enclave анклав
prompted missile подготовленная ракета
rebel бунтарь
sulphur mustard серная горчица
allegation утверждение
1. Who is a war correspondent? What is military journalism?

2. What is embedded journalism?
3. What happened in the Syria‘s Saraqeb?
4. What is OPCW's opinion?
5. What were the symptoms of chemical poisoning in the affected people?
6. What is the conclusion of the OPCW-ON joint mechanism?
1) The beginning of military journalism depended True / False

on the emergence of communication
technologies
2) The first British newspaper appeared during the True / False
Thirty Years' War
3) Chlorine was not used as a weapon. True / False
4) Only the Syrian government has helicopters. True / False
160
5) After the attack on February 4, there were no True / False
casualties.
E. Match the words.
1. military a. exposure
2. local b. prohibition
3. chemical c. units
4. unequivocal d. difficulties
5. breathing e. bombs
6. barrel f. environment
F. Render the text
161
REFERENCES
1) The Economist October 28, 2017, page 25
2) The Economist October 28th 2017, page52
3) The Week USA January 27, 2018
4) Clifford Krauss, May 17, 2018
5) Delish, April 12, 2018
6) Pitchfork articles, August 27, 2009
7) INDEPENDENT Tuesday 8 May 2018
8) The New York Times May 3, 2018
9) Esquire.com, ‗How to Get a Table at the World's Most Exclusive Restaurants‘
by Diana Spechler, 2 March 2018
10) The Bureau of investigative journalism, January 2012
11) Tom Wolfe‘s ―The Last American Hero Is Junior Johnson. Yes!‖ (Esquire:
March 1965)
12) National Geographic February 2018. Page 12
13) Time, June 2001.
14) The New York Times, JOHN BRANCH, 2012
15) BBC-News 16 May, 2018
16) BRAZILIAN JOURNALISM RESEARCH - Volume 4 - Number 2 - Semester
2 – 2008, p.178
17) The G uardian.com, by Harriet Sherwood, religion correspondent. 11 Apr 2018
18) Aljazeera 16 May, 2018
162
INTERNET RESOURCES
https://www.ldoceonline.com/
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page
http://metro.co.uk/
http://www.bbc.com/news
https://dictionary.cambridge.org
https://www.theguardian.com/international
https://www.independent.co.uk
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/asia/nepal/everes
t-climb-new-rules-blind-disabled-visitors/
https://www.menshealth.com/
https://www.esquire.com/food-drink/restaurants/a19042079/most-exclusive-
restaurants/
https://ksj.mit.edu/multimedia-journalism/
http://www.nytimes.com/projects/2012/snow-fall/index.html#/?part=tunnel-
creek
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-44137979
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/11/traditional-antisemitism-is-
back-global-study-finds
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/05/opcw-chlorine-possibly-attack-syria-
saraqeb-180516104540335.html
163

V Pechat Posobie ZhURNALISTY S Oblozhkoy

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

V Pechat Posobie ZhURNALISTY S Oblozhkoy

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ

ДОНЕЦКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ

Печатается по решению Учѐного совета факультета иностранных языков

Кобзев Н. В., кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры теории и

Insights of journalism: учебно-методическое пособие для аудиторной и

Пособие предназначается для студентов 1-4 курсов филологического факультета

© Филатова Е. В., Журавлѐва Л. В., Черная М. Е., 2018

Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку предназначено для

Unit 1. Newspaper and Magazine Journalism

Newspaper and Magazine journalism is a particular form of journalism (the

A Newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about

Meditation “Does Nothing to Make You a Better Person”

You might be feeling peaceful as you sit

compassionate happening at the beginning

mindfulness feeling sympathy for people who are suffering

conveyed the effect or influence that an event, situation etc.

announcing relating to your feelings or how you control them

investigate to try to find out the truth about something such as

randomised to show that something such as a belief or

initial used to say that you have heard that something is

impact to officially tell people about something, especially

emotionally-engaging a way of improving your mental state that involves

biased to communicate or express something, with or

invalidates to choose things in a way that is not carefully

A Magazine is a publication, usually a periodical publication, which is printed or

The Reason You Might Be Having So Many Nightmares

shuteye needing a lot of effort

chicken-or-the-egg to continue to exist, be noticeable etc. for longer

conundrum uncertain about what to do or say because you are

taxing used to say that it is difficult or impossible to

hesitant feelings of sadness

linger something that happens

issue a subject or problem that is often discussed or

hand in hand a confusing and difficult problem

Digital journalism also known as online journalism is a contemporary form of

Read the following article and do the tasks

OUR BLUE PLANET

The deep ocean is as challenging to explore as deep space; we have

This abundance in life is due in part to a downward current that

New data discovered on this expedition has implications on fishing

stunning severe, cruel, or unkind

thrive the natural home of a plant or animal

dodge to gradually become smaller or weaker before

harsh to make it possible for someone to do something, or

invertebrates to move quickly to avoid someone or something

species a group of animals or plants whose members are

habitat easily broken or damaged

dissolve extremely attractive or beautiful

fragile a living creature that does not have a backbone

Photojournalism is a particular form of journalism (the collecting, editing, and

To your attention: 2 photo stories taken from BBC official site

This crowd is made up of priests on a pilgrimage in Bucharest, Romania, ahead of

devotee(s) someone who enjoys or admires someone or

confines a situation in which something old or forgotten

baptise 1) relating to a god or religion, 2) very important or

resurrection limits or borders

pilgrimage to accept someone as a member of a particular

In pictures: CAUGHT BETWEEN TWO

Helpless against the fury

A journey of faith to land’s end

contend with to go under the surface of the water and be

choppy a very small island

submerge a ceremony that is always performed in the same