Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
IMPLEMENTATION
Functional Implementation
Technical Implementation
Implementation of Operations
OPERATIONS
O SAP Solution Manager fornece ferramentas para o mapeamento dos requisitos técnicos
e funcionais, permitindo desenhar e documentar uma solução aderente aos negócios da
empresa, envolvendo soluções SAP e não SAP.
ETAPAS DE IMPLEMENTATION
1 - Project Preparation
- Planejamento
- Divulgação p/ Empresa
- Início Oficial
2 - Business Blueprint
- Conhecer a Organização
- Desenhar conceitualmente
- Emititr o Business BluePrint
3 - Realization
- Configurar testes
- Desenvolver os programas necessários
- Executar os testes
- Encerrar o material de treinamento
4 - Final Preparation
- Testes de Sistemas
- Treinamento de usuários finais
- Transportes, cargas de dados
- Fechamento de sistemas legados
OPERATIONS
Divisão de Remessa
Define para um item de venda as informações necessárias para as remessas, tais como
quantidade, data de remessa e quantidade confirmada.
FONTE DE DADOS DO DOCUMENTO DE VENDAS
- Fluxo de documentos
- Síntese de Status
- Log de dados Incompletos
- Exibição de modificações
" O doc. contábil é um documento subsequente indireto do fornecimento pois ocorre após
o faturamento."
O registro mestre além de conter dados que controlam a maneira como as transações
contábeis são registradas e processadas pelo sistema, inclui todas as informações sobre
um cliente com o qual é necessário para manter relações de negócios.
É dividido em 3 Segmentos:
Uma transação comercial somente poderá ser faturada pela área de Vendas &
Distribuição depois que todos os segmentos de cadastro de clientes tenham sido criados.
PARCEIROS DE NEGÓCIOS "Específicos p/ fornecedores e clientes.
Todas as funções que uma pessoa física ou jurídica pode assumir, são apresentadas pelos
parceiros de negócios no sistema. Utilizados p/ definir os Direitos e as responsabilidades
de cada parceiro de negócio.
Bloqueio de Ordem
Bloqueio de Fornecimento
Bloqueio de Faturamento
COTAÇÕES PRÉ-VENDAS
Pode ser criada com referência, como um documento inicial e a partir de um contato
comercial.
Uma cotação pode ser referenciada até o montante completo ou até que alcance a data
de validade.
ORDEM DE VENDA
É possível criar uma ordem de venda de uma cotação, contrato, uma ordem, um
programa de remessa, um documento de faturamento.
Motivo de Recusa - Se o cliente desistir de comprar algum item, você pode atribuir um
motivo de recusa para cada um desses itens.
Venda a vista
Venda Imediata
Processamento em Background
PROGRAMA DE REMESSAS
CONTRATO
- Listas e Relatórios
SIS - É uma ferramenta flexível que permite coletar, consolidar e utilizar dados,
provenientes do processamento de vendas e distribuição.
Estruturas de Informação
• Característica
• Unidade de período
• Índices
ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE VENDAS
Os dados de condição de preço são transferidos para os registros que depois alimentarão
os documentos de faturamento.
• Esquema de cálculo
• Tipo de Condição
• Seqüência de Acesso
• Tabela de Condição
• Registro de Condições
VENDAS E DISTR.
ORDENS EM ATRASO
Uma ordem não está totalmente confirmada se a data da remessa de um item não puder
ser mantida.
EXPEDIDOR DA MERCADORIA
Solution Manager
1. Organizational Structure
2. Document Type
3. Item Category
4. Schedule Line category
5. Copy Control
6. Condition Technique
O client 100 e 110, estão na mesma instance. Automaticamente o client 100 atualiza o
110 ou vice-versa.
Uma Company Code pode ter várias org. de vendas, várias organizações de vendas
podem ter somente uma company code.
You need at least one sales organization to use sales and distribution functions in the
system.
Sales Office and sales group são estruturas opcionais, ou seja, não são obrigatórios.
PROCESS OVERVIEW
PRE-SALES ACTIVITY
Um Canal de Distribuição, são as formas que Org. Vendas distribui as vendas. Está
associado à Sales Organization.
Uma Plant ou Centro, pode ser uma fábrica, ou filial. Precisa ser associado a uma
combinação da Org. Vendas e Canal de Distribuição. E associado unicamente a uma
Company Code. É essencial para determinar um Shipping Point.
Uma cotação pode gerar várias ordens e várias ordens podem ser gerados por várias
cotações.
O que diz para o Sistema o comportamento que o item tem que ter?
Item Category.
After you posting goods Issue the delivery document is available at the billing due list.
Stocks
Transfer of requirement
Doc. Flow
Billing Due List
Account Doc.
O cadastro do cliente p/ a Company Code deve ser realizado no FD01, pela área de FI.
Quando ocorre uma mudança no cadastro de cliente o único dado que muda na ordem, é
o endereço do cliente.
Quando não se pode misturar o grupo de produtos, você deve escolher uma division
diferente. Não pode ser Cross Division.
DETERMINAÇÃO DE PLANT
PROCESS OVERVIEW
You can enter a sales order with many items in a single screen.
Throughout a procurement process step in sales and distribution, you can check the
availabiltity of the ordered goods and Transfer the requirements to materials
planning.
Shipping
Shipping processing in Sales and Distribution begins when you create the delivery
document.
The Delivery document, controls, supports and monitors numerous sub process
for Shipping processing.
You can create one or more outbound deliveries from the order - you can also combine
items from more than one order in an outbound delivery. But the orders must correspond
with the characteristics that are essential for the shipping process. (Shipping Point,
Delivery Date, Ship to Address.)
You can not posting goods issue, without doing the picking.
The Goods issue Carrie Out five things in the system automatically.
BILLING DOCUMENT
Creating a billing document includes Copying information from the sales order and the
delivery document onto the billing document.
- Payer
- Billing Date
- Destination Country
Header - The data for the document header is valid for the entire document.
Items - Each item in the sales document has separate data. Each sales document can
contains several items.
Schedule Lines for line items - Schedule line contain delivery quantities and delivery
dates. They clearly belong to an item. The item can have several schedule line.
• Delivery doc. Header - The data for the document header is valid for the
entire document.
• Delivery doc. Item - Each item in the delivery document contains its own
data.
Picking
You create a transfer order for an outbound delivery. A Transfer order is generated
for a Warehouse number. And during this process, only the deliveries that are necessary
for picking are taken into account.
UNIT 4 - SUMMARY
GENERAL DATA - Relevant for sales and accounting valid for all
organizational units
SALES AREA DATA - Relevant for Sales organization, Distrib. Channel and
Division.
COMPANY CODE DATA - Relevant for accounting valid for Company Code
The Cstomer master includes all data necessary for processing orders, deliveries,
invoices and customers payments.
Customer Master in General Data
By changing the Customizing settings, you can hide certain fields on a tab page or make
them required entry fields.
TAB PAGES
• ADDRESS
• CONTROL DATA
• PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS
• MARKETING
• UNLOADING POINTS
• EXPORT DATA
• CONTACT PERSONAL
Customer Master
Sales Area Data
You can maintain the sales area data in various ways, deppending on the sales area.
(Sales Org., Distrib. Channel., Division)
Wich are the mandatory partner functions in the Customer Master necessary for
processing a Sales Order?
• Sold to party
• Ship to party
• Payer
• Bill to Party
Customer Master
Company Code Data
The company code data in the Customer Master comprises the following tab pages:
When you change a master record after having used it to create documents (orders,
deliveries, billing documents and so on)
1. Basic data 1 - Relevant, for all areas valid for all organizational units
2. Sales - Sales Organization - Relevant for Sales, valid for sales
organization and Distr. Channel
3. Sales General Plant: Relevant for Sales - Valid for Delivering Plant
4. Purchasing - Relevant for materials Management, valid for plant
5. Further - Relevant for construction requirements planning accounting,
and so on.
You can use this kind of processing to enter multiple materials with various divisions in
a Sales order:
Na Sony os documentos de vendas em sua maioria são Cross Division, a área de vendas
do documento será selecionado com base no cliente e cada item terá sua division. Para
fins estatíticos eu posso decidir se será mantida a Division do Item ou a Division do
Documento.
You can control the following in Customizing, according to the sales document type.
You can not use this kind of processing to enter multiple materials with various divisions
in order.
In Customizing you can control the data on wich prices, surcharges and discounts,
freights or taxes can be dependent.
• OUT PUT
- Output is information that is sent to the customer via various
media, such as mail, EDI, or fax. Ex. The Printout of a cotation or an order confirmation.
- Output determination as with pricing takes place using the
condition technique.
In the Output Master Data, you define the transmission medium, the time, and
the partner function for an output type.
- Output types includes quotations, orders confirmations, and
invoices.
The system determines which field will be displayed in the incompletion log. If the user
does not complete them during sales order processing.
* You receive the incompletion log either, automatically when the data is saved, or by
choosing edit Incompletion log.
* In Customizing you can define wich fields shoud be part of the incompletion log.
If you do not need the master Data (Customer / Material and condition master data) to be
differentiated accourding to distribution channels, you have to set up a representative
distribution channel.
You do it in Customizing.
I s the same of the Master Data for Distr. Channel, however it applies to a division.
- Standart Order
- Contract (QTD or VALUE)
- Cash Sales (Quando uma ordem automaticamente já cria uma delivery e
emite um boleto)
- Rush Order (É a mesma coisa mas não emite boleto)
* Different business process can be identified and controlled by means of the sales
document type.
* The sale document type controls the sales documents. Similarly the delivery type can
be used to control the shipping documents and the billing type can be used to control the
billing documents.
- When processing an item, the system automatically attempts to determine the associated
delivering plant from the master data. The entry can later be changed manually.
Serch Strategy:
Shipping Point
The System tries to determine a Shipping point for every item to be delivered.
Using three fields:
Route Determination
The system tries to determine a route for every item to be delivered, using 4 fields as
search keys for determine the route automatically.
Shipment Scheduling
In shipment and transportation scheduling, you define the time at which the receipt of the
goods at the customer can be acknowledged (confirmed delivery date)
The Preparation time > Loading time > Transportation lead time > and transit time.
• Order date
• Material availability date
• Loading date
• Goods issue date
• Delivery date
Bacward Scheduling
The goal of shipment and transportation scheduling is to confirm a delivery date for a
material requested by a customer.
If the system confirm that the material is available using the two dates.
Forward Scheduling
If one of the two dates is before the order date confirmation of, the requested delivery
date, can not take place. The system attempts to determine the next possible date (forward
scheduling).
Two scheduling lines are generated for the sales line item:
• The date of the first corresponds the requested delivery date has no confirmed
quantity
• The date of the second shows the confirmed date and the confirmed amont.
Delivery Creation
To make shipping faster and easier, you can use the delivery due list to create more than
one Outbound delivery Simultaneosly.
The system controls the creation of outbound deliveries via the Shipping Point, the
Selection data (picking date) and other criteria grouped on various tab.
There are fields in Master Data and in the sales document where you can store customer
defaults for processing deliveries.
You can also introduce picking via collective processing. To do this, you can select a
worklist from all the Outbound deliveries ready for picking and create several transfer
order at the same time.
The system controls, the creation of transfer order via the Shipping point, the selection
data and other criteria.
- The system controls the posting of the goods issue via Shipping Point, the
Selection Date and ither criteria.
Options:
Depending on the system setting, these can either be order items or Outbound delivery
items.
Worklists:
1 - The delivery list is used to process many sales document for outbound deliveries.
3 - The goods issue worklist, for outbound deliveries will post goods issue, for many
deliveries.
4 - The billing due list is used to create invoices for outbound deliveries and orders.
UNIT 6
An availability check in the sales order is carried out during sales order processing if:
1. Customer-Material Information
2. Ship-to-party Customer Master Record
3. Material Master Record
Transfer of Requirements
The communication between sales and distribution and procurement is carried out
via requirements.
* The proposal for the item level comes from the Customer-material info.
- Current Stock
- Planned Inward movements (Such as purchase order, requisitions, planned
order).
- Forecast outward movements (Such as existing sales orders, deliveries)
* The system executes at first a backward scheduling trying to confirm the date taking
in consideration the requested delivery date and the material availability date and then
to confirm the deliveries scheduling.
São deliveries.
* You can use it to combine deliveries with the same transportation requirements such as
forward agent, destination route, or means of transport.
Utiliza os outbound deliveries, pegando os itens que possuem a mesma data, o mesmo
destino.
Packing itens are assigned to the required means of transport (Truck, for example).
Unlike packing in the delivering, packing in the shipment can be carried out for several
deliveries.
You can invoice the customer for shipment costs, wich are based on effective shipments
cost.
You can implement the following activities in the sales support system.
Pre-Sales Documents
2) A quotation needs to be totally referenced to have a complete status. In this case The
quotation is partly referenced (3) to the order (2).
Item Categories
By using an item category, the system can process a material differentely in each sales
document type.
The item category in the sales document is defined using the sales document type and
the material.
Make to order
Make to order production is chareacterized, by the fact materials are not stored in the
warehouse, but produced specially for a particular sales order.
You just need a one level (bill of material explosive) and you do not need to generate
dependent requirements.
In Sales order processing, the costs and sales revenue for a sales order are collected in a
controlling object for that item and setted in a profitability analysis.
Packing - During packing, delivery items can be assigned to packaging materials. The
handling units created by this can be packed in additional packaging materials.
• Goods issue for delivery of an individually produced material reduces the sales
order stock.
• Sales order stock is a special stock which can be used only for the special sales
order
Complants Processing
• Credit and debit memo requests can be created with reference to a billing
document or a sales order.
• Both contains a Billing Block
• When the billing documents are posted (credit / debit memo) the required
accounting documents are generated automatically.
O sistema entende que é um item de crédito devido ao Item Category + Document Type.
Approving a Credit Memo
• The return, credit memo request, debit memo request and invoice correction
request documents, contain a billing block.
• Credit memo request é um sales document type.
• Credit memo é um Billing Document.
Returns
The invoice correction is used to correct quantities or values for which the customer
has already been billed.
A billing document may have to be cancelled, for example if the payment terms or
address of the payer have changed.
SOURCES OF SD INFORMATION
DOCUMENT FLOW
The document flow is another online list function. It displays the history of related
documents.
LIS - Is used to review and analyze key figures throughout the entire Logistics area in
the system.
LIS AGGREGATES and stores this data in the data warehouse. The data can be
aggregated with regard to quality or quantity:
The SIS is based on information Structures that comprise three basic types of
information:
STANDART ANALYSIS
The analysis is based on the information structures. First, select the required data scope
depending on the characteristics and period of the information structure.
• Printed
• Dowloaded as a file to your local PC
• Dowloaded to a spreadsheet program
• Sent to one or more employes
FLEXIBLE ANALYSES
Flexible analyses in LIS allow you to determine which data in which format is combined
to create an individual report.
SAP BW ARCHITECTURE
SAP Business Information Warehouse allows you to view the transaction oriented OLTP
and the analyses oriented OLAP environment together.
Allows you to integrate SAP and non SAP system as a source data.
• All Organizational units within a client are subject to one business control.
• You can use the company code and business area to represent a group from a
financial accounting perspective.
• Each company code represents an independent accounting unit. Several
company codes can use the same chart of accounts.
A Business Area is a separate business unit for wich cross-company code internal
reporting can be carried out. Using this Organizational unit is optional.
• You use Business area if you want to calculate profit and loss
statements independently of the company code.
SALES ORGANIZATION
DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL
DIVISION
SALES AREA
• Sales document, delivery document and billing documents are always assigned
to a sales area. Every sales process always takes in a specific sales area.
• The relevant Master Data can usually be maintaned explicity for each sales
area, for example:
• Sales Material Master Data (The division is a general field of the material
master; as a result a material can only be assigned to one division.)
SALES PERSON - Is assigned to a sales office and group in the sales employee
Master record.
* One plant can be assigned to several distribution chains as the delivering plant. It
also can be assigned to several sales organizations.
* It is also possible for the delivering plant of a distribution chain to belong to a different
independent company code in the corporate group. (That is, the plant belongs to a
different company code to the sales organization. This is know as cross company
sales.
UNIT 11
• Master Data - The system reads the master data defined for a Customer, a
material or a pricing condition.
• Existing Document Data
• Customizing - Defalt values for creating documents can be defined in
customizing.
• Hard-coded controls - Different information sources can be weighted using
controls hard -codes.
You can enter different types of Master Data in the SAP System. Such as information on
business partners materials, customer material, item proposals. bills of material,
prices, discounts and rebates, taxes freight, output and texts so on.
The system will frequently access the data during order processing.
The essential business partners for sales transaction are sold-to-party, ship-to-party,
payer and bill-to-party.
- These business partners play various roles (called partner functions) in the business
process.
- When you enter a sales document you can also enter the ship-to-party instead of the
sold-to-party.
• The business data in a sales document is taken from the master data records for
the different Business partners.
• Delivery address and control information are taken from the ship-to-parties master
record.
• The bill-to-party contains the address to which the invoice should be sent. This
address may be different from that of the payer.
Business Data - You can define business data (such as payment conditions, incoterms)
at document header level or for each item.
• You can decide in customizing for the Item category, wheter business data at
item level should be able to differ from business data at header level. You define
this option separately for each item category.
If there isn't a plant in the material master record the system will be unable to determine a
valid plant and it cannot determine any other document data.
SALES SUMMARY
• You can define new item categories. To do this , you should always copy existing
item categories that have already been created, then change these to meet your
requirements.
• The delivery relevance is only for items without schedule lines. You could
indicate that a text item was relevant to delivery, for example.
Every item in a sales document is controlled by means of its item category. These enables
you to:
Other example for using subitems include the explosion of BOMS of service items in
sales documents.
Example a
Computer - You can store this structure in the systems a bill of materials. All the items
in the systems in the bill of material (BOM) that you want to control in the sales
document must be flagged as relevant for sales. If you create a BOM material with BOM
usage 5 (sales and distribution), all the items in the Bill of material will be automatically
flagged as relevant to sales.
• By makking the appropriate settings in Customizing for the item categories in the
sales document, you only need to enter the material number of the BOM.
• The BOM appears in the sales document as a structure with main items and sub
items.
• The individual item categories control what a bill of material can do in a sales
document.
• In Customizing, you define and assign item categories for the main and sub-items
of the Bom in the sales document.
• In Customizing, for item category, you control wich items are relevant to pricing
and how you want to implement requirement transfer.
• The schedule line category is defined with a two character key. The first indicates
the sales process in wich the Schedule Line category is used.
• The second indicates what happens to the schedule lines within logistics
The dialog box contains the six tab pages for Inquiry, Quotation, Order,
Contract, Scheduling agreement and Billing document.
- You can create sales documents with reference to documents that already
exist.
If you want to restrict the reference to an item (for example, only until the full
quantity in the preceding document has been referenced), set the appropriate
Completion rule in the item category.
If you enter a reason for rejection, the item receives “Completed” status.
DOCUMENT FLOW
They are updated for the overall document and for individual items.
COPYING CONTROL
RUSH ORDERS
Rush orders and cash sales are sales document types that are used in the
sales from plant process or for when the customer needs to pick up their goods
immediately from the warehouse.
When you create a rush order, the systems automatically and immediate creates
a delivery of type LF.
CASH SALES
When you save a cash sales the system automatically creates a delivery and
prints a document that can be given to the customer as an Invoice. (Porém ele
não faz o Goods issue) que deverá ser feito em BackGround por algum
programa)
Cai na prova:
No processo de Cash Sales quando eu for fazer o Billing, vai emitir a Invoice?
Não!
In consignment processing, goods are delivered to the customer but remain the
property of the company until they are actually used. An invoice is not created
until the customer withdraws goods from the consignment stock. Up until that
point, the customer has the right to return consignment goods.
When goods are issued, both the customer special stock at the customer and the
stock in the delivering plant are reduced. This transaction is relevant for billing.
You create a delivery free-of-charge document when you want to send your
customer a sample, for example.
Customizing for sales document type determines that this transactions requires a
preceding document.
You can also decide what happens to these item regard to pricing and billing
there.
INCOMPLETION LOG
You can define these data fields in customizing for the incompleteness log.
In customizing for sales document types, the incompletion messages field allows
you to control whether incomplete sales documents can be saved or not.
The procedure controls what effects the incomplete data has on the process.
Example: If the terms of payment are missing, the order can be delivered
but it cannot be billed. At the same time, you will not be able to create a new
order with reference to an incomplete order.
In each procedure you determine which fields are checked for completion.
Various business Partners exists within the market place, with various business
relationships to each other. Examples of business partners are:
Customer
Vendor
Employee
Contact person
Partner Functions
In the sales document has been configured so that only one partner can be
assigned to each partner function. The only exception is for outline
agreements (partner function AA and AW).
You can also define partners at item level in the sales documents. Business
partners that are only defined in the header cannot be changed at item level
however.
You can prohibit anyone from changing a partner that has already been entered
(You can indicate that the sold-to party cannot be changed in the sales document
for example).
For example: You use the account group to assign the partner determination
procedure for the customer master.
The account groups controls the amount of data and the response of customer
master records.
There are two types of contracts – value and quantity. Contracts can cover both
goods and services. Generally no restrictions apply to the different contract
forms.
A contract is an outline agreement between you and your customer that is valid
for a certain time period. The contract does not contain any schedule lines
delivery, quantities or delivery dates.
Rental and maintenance contracts are frequently used in the service industry.
Um contrato gera uma Release Order (que é a mesma coisa que uma ordem
standard, mas é referenciado a um contrato).
In copying control, you decide which types of sales documents can be used as
release orders from a contract.
You can create release in any currency but the total value is updated in the
currency of the contract.
You can either bill the value contract directly or you can bill each release
order.
Pode ser feito pagamento de acordo com um programa de pagamento.
If a release exceeds the target value in a contract item, you can configure
how the system reacts: no response, two different warning messages or an
error message.
Normally, both the sold-to party and other business partners are authorized
to release from a contract. They may also be several ship-to parties.
In customizing for sales document types, you can activate the contracts data.
You can maintain contract data at both the header and the item level in the
sales document. Contract data at header level is valid for all items as long as the
data at item level is not different.
Determining Dates
When you create a contract the system proposes, for example, the start and
end dates of the contract. You define the date determination rules in
customizing. Its also have a duration category, Subsequent activities,
Cancellation procedure.
Scheduling Agreements
The system can provides you an overview of all the open quantities.
If the quantity in the schedule lines exceeds the target quantity, the system
issues a warning message.
You do not need a material master record for the material number that you
are replacing.
When you enter an order you can enter use different material numbers for the
same product.
Master Data
With the condition technique you can create data records depending only on
the material number or depending on the material and the customer number.
If there is more than one material defined in the master record for material
determination/product selection, the sequence in which they appear defines the
priority that they have.
When you enter an order, the system tries to fill the quantity of the order with the
first material in the material determination master record. If there is not enough of
this material, it fills the remaining quantity with the next material.
You can choose whether or not you want re-run material determination when
the delivered is created.
The sequence of the substitution material in the master data influences the result
of the automatic product selection in the order.
If you want the material that is first entered in the order to be included in the
substitution, then you must enter it in the substitution list.
• Procedure Determination
• Procedure
• Condition Type
• Access Sequence
• Access
• Condition Table
• Condition Record Master Data
Material Listing
You want to make sure that your customer receives only specific materials. You
enter these materials as a material listing. This listing is controlled by the
condition Technique.
You define in the sales document type whether the system checks the material
listing or not.
Material Exclusion
You want to ensure that the customer does not receive certain materials. You
enter these materials as a material exclusion. The material exclusion is also
controlled with the condition technique.
FREE GOODS
Free goods can be part of the order quantity not included in the invoice. This is
called an inclusive bonus quantity. The ordered goods and the free goods both
involve the same material. The quantity units of the free goods and ordered
goods must be the same.
Free goods can also take the form of extra goods that are free of charge. These
are called exclusive bonus quantities. In exclusive bonus quantities, the
extra goods are delivered free of charge and are not included in the invoice.
The exclusive free goods appear in the sales document as a separate, free-
of-charge item.
Both forms of free goods are handled in the same way in the order. The material
that has been ordered is entered as main item and the free goods material is
automatically displayed as a sub item.
The item category determines how the item is controlled later in the business
process.(for example, for delivering or pricing).
You can also enter free goods manually by entering data in the higher-level
item and item category fields (TANN). In this way however, the system does
not refers to the free goods master record.
If pricing is re-run in the sales order, it does not affect the free goods
determination.
You can define master records for one level in many different ways, for example,
material, customer/material, price list category / currency / material or customer
hierarchy / material.
You can restrict master record for one level in many different ways:
Validity period
Minimum quantity
Calculation rule
Scales
When you specify a calculation rule, you decide how the system determines
the free goods quantity from the additional and document quantities.
Tree Calculation rules are provided in the standart system. It can be:
Rule 1 – Pro Rata (Compre 100, ganhe 10, compre 136, ganhe 13)
Rule 2 – Unit Reference to Units (100 – ganhe 10, 136-ganhe 10, 200-
ganhe 20)
Rule 3 – Whole units (100-ganhe 10, 200-ganhe 20, 136-ganhe 0)
You can see detailed information about free goods in Accounting or analyses.
Revenues, sales deductions and costs of free goods can be transferred to
Accounting in different ways.
The system uses the information about the sales area, document
determination procedure (from the sales document type) and customer
determination procedure (from customer master) to determine the free goods
procedure.
The conditions contains a list of the condition types for free goods.
If the search is successful, the system generates a sub item for the free goods in
the document.
Por tipo de documento você define qual price procedure pode utilizar.
Logistics Execution
Logistics Execution
Logistics execution provides you with all necessary functions for mapping the
execution of logistical processes that are largely not industry-specific. It basically
involves more or less complex goods receipt and goods issue process.
Process Overview
In Logistics Execution there are two ways of modeling goods receipts and goods
issues: You can create either a delivery or an inventory management posting at
the beginning of the process.
The terms “Shipping” or shipping process are often used in conjunction with
deliveries. These actually only describe outbound goods movements, the original
process that relates to an order. Shipping is also the name given to the
department responsible for the logistical process of the logistical process of
delivery handing (picking, packing, loading).
Since the deliveries document can also be used in other areas, we refer to
deliveries related to sales document as Outbound deliveries.
The outbound delivery in the SAP system supports the processing of shipping
activities in the warehouse and at the shipping point.
Several storage locations within a plant can refer to the same warehouse
number.
The allowed combinations of shipping point and plant are defined in the
Customizing application of the enterprise structure.
Any number of loading points can be assigned to a shipping point. Only one
shipping point can be assigned to a loading point. Ou seja, Um loading point
só pode ter um shipping point.
A shipping point can process the outbound deliveries of several plants. This
is only useful if the plants are located in the same general vicinity.
Delivery Type
Number assignment
Partner (diferentes como um vendor)
Delivery split by warehouse number
Texts (específicos)
Reference to order (Criada ou não com referência a uma ordem ex.
pallets, não necessita de uma ordem)
Relevant for shipping
Route determination
Output
The delivery item category controls how delivery items are handled and
processed during the shipping process.
• When you copy an order item to a delivery, the system copies the
item category of the order item to the delivery item.
Copying Control
• Under what conditions data is copied from the order to the outbound
delivery
• Under what conditions several orders can be combined in an outbound
delivery
• Which data is to be transferred
• Whether the reference should be recorded in the document flow
Order items that are due for delivery that have the same shipping criteria are
shipped together. Required shipping criteria include the shipping point, the
route, and the ship-to party.
An item category is not specified for order-independent items in the delivery, for
deliveries without reference to an order or for outbound deliveries.
In this case the system determines an item category for the delivery according to
the assignments specified in Customizing. For determine the item category, the
system takes into account the Delivery type and the item category group
(from the material master) Additional usages are set internally, for some
functions.
Delivery relevance on the item category level is valid only for text or value items.
The goods issue movement type (or goods receipt movement type for
returns deliveries) is defined at the schedule line category level.
The ECC systems supports the following functions within shipping processing:
The shipping condition is proposed from the sales document type if a shipping
condition has been assigned to it.
Order items with different shipping points are therefore not copied into the
same outbound delivery.
Route Determination
Route determination is carried out in the order item and depends on:
In the order item you can manually overwrite the route that is determined.
Backward Scheduling
The earlier date to create the delivery is the earlier date between Pick/pack time
and transportation lead time?
Yes!
Transit time:
Loading Time
Pick/Pack time
Transportation planning lead time
The loading time and pick/pack time come from the shipping point; the
transit time and transportation planning time come from the route.
Forward scheduling
First the system performs backward scheduling in the order. If this results in a
date in the past, the system automatically perform forward scheduling, which
confirms a new delivery date. The same happens if the material is not available
at the material availability date.
When you create outbound delivery you can carry out forward scheduling
again.
Route Schedules
A route
A weekday as the departure date, along with a departure time
A list of ship-to parties
An itinerary (optional)
You can use schedules in sales orders, stock transfers orders, and outbound
deliveries. The system determines them automatically.
If you use collective processing (delivery list), you can deliver goods for all
types of shipping documents. This can take place online or in the background
(overnight for instance).
In the standart system, a user role is assigned to each delivery scenario. You can
maintain the user roles in Customizing.
If no storage location for picking is specified in the order item, the system
determines the storage location when it creates the outbound delivery and copies
it into the delivery item.
Door or staging area determination can take place at the delivery header level,
depending on the goods recipient or the route schedule.
Staging area determination can also take place at the delivery item level if the
storage conditions (material master) are also taken into account.
Note that different staging area at the delivery item level lead to a transfer order
split because the staging area is a header field in the transfer order.
You can Change or add to delivery documents after they have been saved.
However, information such as ship-to parties and shipping points can no
longer be changed once you have created the outbound delivery.
You can also add items to the outbound delivery without referring to an
order.
The outbound delivery monitor displays all deliveries that are still to be
processed or that have been processed.
This includes processing output types for shipping, such as the delivery note.
You can use the inbound delivery monitor to monitor and execute inbound
delivery activities in the same way.
Picking
Picking is the process of preparing goods for delivery to the customer with
special attention paid to dates, quantity, and quality.
Sap recommends that you use the Warehouse Management transfer order
functions. For this purpose you do not need to implement the complete WM
system; Lean WM is sufficient.
Using Lean WM, means using a small part of the functions provided bythe
Warehouse Management Component.
In the standart configuration of the system, the prerequisite for posting goods
issue is that picking-relevant items are completely picked. This means that the
delivery quantity and the pick quantity in the outbound delivery must be the
same.
The transfer order is a document with which the goods movements within a
warehouse complex can be initiaded and monitored.
Instead of print out the transfer order as a picking list, you can transfer the data
in the transfer order to an external system using portable data capture or to a
warehouse control unit.
By confirming the TO, you verify the quantities removed from the warehouse.
Then, you can post the goods issue. This completes the shipping process.
- Material number
- Quantity to be moved
- Source and destination storage bin
If you have a warehouse with random storage, you need to use WM system
with full functionality. Since a material can be stored in different storage bins or
even several storage bins at the same time, precise inventory management at
the level of the storage bin is required.
Lean WM, does not have inventory management at the level of the storage bin
and is therefore more suitable for fixed bin warehouses.
- Storage sections
- Reserve storage bins
- Strategies for putaway and picking
- Replenishment
- Inventory at storage bin level
For Lean WM, you need at least one warehouse number and at least one
storage type from which picking takes place. You also need one storage type in
which goods are stored.
Picking areas can be defined for each warehouse number and storage type.
In WM, you have the following options for printing using a print code:
In picking, differences may occur between the quantity actually removed and the
delivery quantity. However, you can only post a goods issue if the picking
quantity and delivery quantity are the same.
You must confirm the transfer order and therefore also picked quantities before
the goods issue is posted.
Bathes
You can specify a bath in the relevant detail screen for materials handled in
batches (Whether or not a material is handled in bathes is indicated in the
material master record in the “Storage 1” and “Purchasing” screens). When
delivering a sales order, this batch is copied to the outbound delivery. You can
not change it there.
If a batch has not been specified in the sales order, you can enter one in the
“picking overview” screen of the outbound delivery.
Serial Numbers
You can assign a unique serial number to each material. This allows you
monitor goods movement for individual materials.
You can also have serial number assigned automatically by the system.
You must specify all serial numbers before posting goods issue.
You can enter the condition values manually or determine them using pricing
condition technique.
You can split an existing delivery into several smaller deliveries, which is useful
if, for example, there is not enough room in your truck to hold the entire delivery.
When you split a delivery, you create one or more new deliveries, called
“results”, and the “remainder”.
Pode-se se fazer split fora do transportation.
If business partners are involved in the shipping process, or some functions are
performed by non-SAP systems, you need to exchange information with these
other parties. Normally electronic data interchange (EDI) messages are used for
external communication, and Application Link Enabling (ALE) messages are
used for internal communication.
The delivery interface groups together all EDI and ALE messages that refer to
the delivery. They are all based on the same IDoc (É um txt que você recebe e
coloca dentro do sistema).
When you call up the logo of incomplete items, the system checks if the data in
the outbound delivery is complete.
In the outbound delivery, the system can check completeness at both header and
item level.
In the Customizing, you can control which fields, if not entered, cause an
outbound delivery to incomplete and which effects this has on follow-on activities
such as picking, packing, goods issue, and billing.
- Quantity checks
- Material substitution
- Credit and risk management
- Controllable error messages
- Delivery split by warehouse number
- Group of outbound deliveries
- Dangerous goods check
- Export control
- Texts
PACKING
Packing Materials
You must create material master records for the different packaging materials.
In the material master, you define special data such as packing weight and the
volume permitted for each shipping material.
Handling Unit
The handling unit header contains information about the packaging material
used in packing.
Packing Functions
This creates new handling units. You can use as many levels as required
(multilevel packing).
In Customizing, you specify whether each delivery item category is relevant for
packing.
The packing proposal in the order can be copied to the outbound delivery. You
control this at the header level in the copy control table for deliveries.
Packing materials
Materials to be packed
Text Items
Subordinate packing instructions
Rules concerning rounding, minimum quantities, an do on
Definition of a check profile
Packing Station
Each packing station can be controlled individually using the terminal ID, and can
therefore be used to carry out different processes.
You may need to manage stock for packaging Materials. To enable you to do
this, the system can generate a separate item in the outbound delivery for
each packaging material.
You can bill the customer for the packaging materials, or you can use returnable
packaging materials that are not billed.
- In the former case, you must create the packaging materials in the
material master record with item category group VERP. The item
category determination procedure in the standart system determines
item category DLN. These items can be copied to the billing document
- If you use returnable packaging materials, you must create them in the
material master record with item category group LEIGH (item
category TAL is determined). These items will not be copied to the
billing document.
Within the inbound delivery, you can create new handling units or adopt existing
ones.
Goods Issue
Posting goods issue requires that all mandatory shipping activities have been
performed.
If goods Issue for an outbound delivery is canceled, the goods issue posting is
reset.
On the selection screen, you can select one or more outbound deliveries for
which you want to cancel the goods issue posting.
QM in Shipping
The Quality Management (QM) component supports Sales and Distribution with
quality inspections for goods issues (for example, packing inspections).
You specify in the quality Management view of the material master if a quality
inspection is to be carried out for the material.
When the outbound delivery is created in the SD, QM auatomatically creates an
inspection lot for the delivery items that are relevant for inspection.
After receiving the goods, the ship-to-party transfers the proof of delivery by IDoc
to SAP R/3 and thereby confirms the quantities for the entire delivery.
The system creates the billing document based on the correct (verified)
quantity. Creating the billing document via the billing due list is blocked until proof
of delivery has been confirmed.
Before you can use the proof of delivery function, you need to define which
delivery item categories are relevant for the POB (proof of billing) process. You
also need to define reasons for deviation, and in the customer master you are
using for the POB process, specify POB relevance.
PRICING FUNDAMENTALS
Groups of conditions
Condition Types:
• Prices
• Discounts/Surcharges
• Freight
• Taxes
Conditions type
Sales Organization
Distribution Channel
Customer
Material
Condition Records
The values in a condition record, such as price, surcharge and discount, can be
defined according to a scale. You can specify an unlimited number of levels in a
scale.
Eu posso ingressar um valor numa price normalmente sem estar numa condition
record?
Posso.
Condition Type
The condition type determines the category of a condition and describes how the
condition is used.
Condition Maintenance
This means that condition records can now be maintenance across all
condition types and condition tables. For example, you can display and
maintain the material prices and the discounts and surcharges for a customer in
one step.
Pricing procedure
All condition types permitted in pricing are available in the pricing procedure.
You need to determine how the system should use conditions by specifying the
requirements for each condition.
The sequence in which the system accesses the conditions in the business
document is also determined in the pricing procedure.
Access Sequence
Cada condition type possui uma access sequence, dentro de uma access
sequence você encontra condition tables, que estão gravados pelos usuários
numa condition record.
A Condition table is a combination of fields, which form the key for a condition
record.
Pricing Overview
Exemplo:
First, the relevant pricing procedure is determined based on the sales area,
customer, and sales document type.
The system reads the condition type of the first step and then determines the
assigned access sequence for this condition type.
The system reads the access sequence. The sequence of the condition
tables represents the search strategy to find the relevant condition record.
Each condition table represents one access, which can be made for a condition
record with specified key.
The system searches for valid condition records with the key specified by the
condition table.
If the first access does not find a valid condition record, then the system
searches for the next access using the next condition table.
After the system finds a valid condition record for an access, the system reads
the condition record and copies the value that corresponds to the scale into the
sales document.
The whole process is repeated for each condition type until the system has
finished the entire pricing procedure.
Conditions can also be entered at the document header level. These are know as
header conditions and are valid for all items.
These header conditions are automatically distributed among the items based on
net value. The basis for distributing the header conditions can be changed in the
pricing procedure by selecting the appropriate routine.
You have two options to control the New pricing function in the sales document:
These functions are supported for both the sales and billing documents.
The condition table contains the keys that can be used to create dependent
condition records.
You can add your own condition tables using tables from 501 through 999.
Condition Tables
Condition tables are used to define the structure of the keys of a condition
record.
The key fields of a condition table must appear at the start of the table.
In the condition table you can determine whether a field appears in the
header or in the item of the generated fast entry screen for the maintenance of
condition records.
Access Sequence
The order of the entries in an access sequence defines the hierarchy of the
various levels.
Within each access sequence, you can specify the document field or source field
with which an access is performed.
Examples:
- Material or pricing material?
- Document currency or local currency?
- Sold-to party or ship-to party?
Access requirements
You can also creates your own condition types. You can determine the
characteristics of each condition type, for example, whether or not the
condition type represents surcharges or discounts and whether or not the
condition type should be dependent on values or quantities.
Pricing Procedure
The condition types are combined in the required sequence in the pricing
procedure.
Procedure Determination
Finally, you need to maintain the determination of the pricing procedure. The
pricing procedure is determined according to the following factors:
• Sales Area
• Customer pricing procedure field in the customer master
• Document pricing procedure field that is assigned to the sales
document type
The information required to add new pricing fields is available in the IMG
documentation. Search for create new fields using the condition technique.
To solve particular problems, you need to build and link all the pricing
components creatively.
New fields may be added to the pricing field catalog. This allows you to use the
new field to define condition tables.
The layout of the lists and the condition records reported is set in Customizing.
When creating a new program for pricing reports, you first decide the views in
which you want to analyze the condition records.
Depending on which fields are selected, the system generates a list of tables,
which contain at least one of the selected fields.
You can also call up the classis maintenance transaction for conditions by
choosing Select using condition type.
During the process, changes can be made to the rate, validity period, and
additional sales data in the newly created records.
The price change function allows you to maintain multiple condition records
simultaneously.
Copying rules are maintained in Customizing and you may create your own
copying rules.
o Promotion
o Sales deal
o Rebate agreements
You can maintain long texts in the condition records for pricing and
agreements, such as rebates, sales deals, and promotions.
If required, long texts in the rebate agreement can be copied to the documents.
However, text control customizing offers no possibility to copy the text long
texts from condition records to the documents.
Text is not copied when you create condition records with reference.
The net price list provides an option to create price information for a
customer on a selected quantity of materials.
(aqui)
Condition Indices
You can create and use condition indices to search for condition records
that were created for a variety of condition types and condition tables.
For example, you can view all the condition records that apply to a particular
customer or product.
Before you use the indices that are delivered in the standard version, you
must first activate the indices in Customizing for sales.
If you create your own indices, the system automatically activates each new
index when you generate it. In additional you must specify an update
requirement for each condition index.
You can configure for each condition type whether or not the system updates
the condition indices when you post the condition records for the
corresponding condition type.
The release status is predefined. At present the following status are defined:
• Released (Liberado)
• Blocked
• Released for price simulation (net price list)
• Released for planning and price simulation (planning in CO-PA
Calculation Type
Changeable calculation Types
The calculation type for acondition type is defined in Customizing. This calculation type
determines how prices or discounts and sucharges are calculated for a condition.
The calculation type can now be selected when creating a condition record for the first
time.
When creating new condition records, you can select a calculation type that differs from
the one set in Customizing.
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
Group conditions
For group conditions with varying keys, item quantities are accumulated for
scale point determination purposes but the rate for each item is calculated
from its individual condition record.
Excluding Conditions
A requirement can evaluate the condition exclusion indicator and ignore the
condition if the indicator is set.
The condition exclusion indicator can be set in either the condition type or
the condition record.
During pricing, the conditions, which result in the best price (lowest charge or
highest discount) are selected from this group. All other conditions are
deactivated.
Condition Update
Condition Supplements
Condition supplements do not have their own access sequence. They are found
together with the underlying condition record.
Hierarchy Pricing
To define the condition table key for hierarchies such as this, you need to
include partial quantities for a predefined quantity of characteristics.
Without hierarchy accesses, you need to create a condition table for each
combination and assign all the accesses to these tables in an access sequence.
The new solution, you need a single condition table (= one access).
The functions in hierarchy accesses enable you to solve problems using one
access to a condition table.
When you create the access sequence to use this condition table, you need to
define at the field whether or not each field is a fixed component of the key or
whether or not the field is optional.
Hierarchy accesses also provide clear and easy master maintenance because
the different condition records for a condition type can be created together in
the quick entry screen for maintaining conditions.
For pricing you can determine and use data that is not contained in the
document.
Pricing date
Scale quantity
Item price list
Into account (condition type PBUD).
• The special agreements that are determined are used in the condition
type, PBBS. As a result, the base prices are read.
• On the basis of these prices, the gross price is calculated in the condition
type, PBUP, using the percentage value from condition type, PBUD.
The header condition type HM00 allows you to enter the order value manually.
The new order value is then distributed proportional between the items,
taking into account the previous net item value. Taxes are determined again
for each item.
The PN00 condition in the standard system allows you to specify the net
price for an item manually. The original conditions are deactivated.
You may create minimum value for each order using condition type AMIW, if
the value in the order header is less than this minimum order value during
pricing, the system uses a minimum as the net order value automatically. The
minimum order value is a statistical condition.
Condition type AMIW is a group condition and is divided among the different
item according to value.
Você possui uma Price group numa condition record com a condition type AMIW
que está com o valor mínimo de 200.
O sistema automaticamente altera o NET desta ordem para 200. que é o AMIW
mínimo para aquele cliente.
You can create a minimum price for a material using condition type PMIN. If
the minimum price is not met during pricing, the system determines the
difference using condition type PMIN.
Você possui uma condition record de material com a condition type PMIN com
um valor de 1.500 para um material. Na ordem o PR00 determinou um preço de
1600 – o desconto do K007 de 160 que seria cobrado o valor de 1440. O PMIN
define então o valor de 1500 pois é o preço mínimo daquele material..
Scale Pricing
You can maintain condition records with interval scales if the condition type
is set to scale type D in Customizing. Interval scales cannot be used for
group conditions.
Hierarchy Path
If one or more nodes in the hierarchy path of sales order contain pricing
information, the system takes these nodes into account automatically
during pricing according to the underlying access sequence.
Hierarchy Discount H101
The pallet discount grants the customer a discount for whole units of measure
only, such as complete pallet.
You can maintain a rounding unit in Table T001R (SAP NetWeaver > General
Setting > Currencies > Define rounding rules for currencies) for each
company code and currency. If the final amount in the order header differs
from the rounding unit, the system rounds the amount up or down as
specified.
Cost VPRS
In the standard version, condition type VPRS is used to retrieve (recuperar) the
standard cost. The pricing procedure uses this condition type as a statistical
value.
In the standard system, condition type SKTO is used to retrieve the cash
discount rate. The pricing procedure uses this condition type as a statistical
value.
You can either enter the customer expected price manually in the order or
retrieve the price from the incoming IDoc in an EDI environment.
You can use condition type EDI1 to compare the net price for each item. You
can use condition type EDI2 to compare the overall item value, which is
obtained by multiplying the net price and the quantity.
Um código IVA por sua vez, aponta para uma TAX PROCEDURE, que é
responsável em definir o que será calculado através das conditions Types.
A TAX PROCEDURE, por sua vez aponta para uma PRICING PROCEDURE, lá
as conditions types assinaladas ou marcadas na Tax Procedure definirá como
se calcula estes impostos na Ordem.
The condition Type for TAX is entered into the pricing procedure.
The access sequence is used to find the appropriate condition record for the
current situation.
Pricing Agreements
Validity Period
You can define a promotion or general marketing plan for a product line for a
certain period of time.
You can then link promotion with specific sales deals, which are then linked to
special condition records used for promotional pricing or discounts.
The sales deal number and promotion number are displayed in the detail
screen of the billing item. The Sales Information System can be used to
capture and report the statistics for the sales deals and promotions with a
user-defined information structure.
The release status of a sales deal controls where you can find the condition
records for a sales agreement.
Rebates (Bonificações)
You may define rebates at as many levels as you require, similar to any other
pricing condition.
• Material rebate
• Customer rebate
• Customer hierarchy rebate
• Material group rebate
• Independent of sales rebate volume
The rebate agreement is created with a specific rebate agreement type. The
features of each rebate agreement type are set in Customizing.
Condition records are linked to the rebate agreement specifying the rebate
rate and the accrual rate.
Processing Rebates
Rebates are different from other discounts in that they are based on the sales
Volume generated by the customer within a specified period and are paid
retrospectively. The rebate details are defined in a rebate agreement.
Rebate Processing
The validity rebates are determined by the pricing procedure using the rebate
basis subtotal.
The system uses the access sequence to search for the valid rebate condition
record. If valid condition records is found, the accrual rate is read.
Settling Rebates
The system uses the accumulated amounts in the rebate agreement to create a
rebate settlement. Status A refers to an open rebate agreement.
The system generates a rebate credit memo request for the rebate payment
amount specified.
You can display the sales volume and drill-down in the rebate agreement.
You can perform a final Settlement for the rebate agreement in the following
ways?
• Manually
• Automatically
• In the background
Partial rebate settlement can be limited for each rebate agreement type, as
follows:
You may have a Rebate that does not refer to a particular material but rather
to a group of materials or to a customer.
When creating a credit memo, the settlement material is the source for
important material master data, for example, account determination.
Retroactive rebate agreements allow you take into account billing documents
created before the rebate agreement is created.
The rebate basis for the billing documents created previously is accumulated
and recorded in the rebate agreement.
All billing documents have the same structure. They are made of the header
and any number of items.
The header contains the general data that is valid for the entire billing
documents. This includes:
The items contain the data relevant for each individual item. This includes:
• Material number
• Billing Quantity
• Net Value of the individual items
• Overview screens
• Detail Screens
o Screens at header level with general data
o Screens at item level with specific data for items.
WORKING WITH ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS IN CUSTOMIZING
In the first step, you define your own organizational structure in the relevant
data views.
In the next step, you assign the various organizational units to each other.
A Sales organization can sell goods from more than one plant.
In the sales order the system automatically creates a delivering plant on the
basis of a priority rule.
Organization in Accounting
Each company code in the system uses general ledger accounts from exactly
one chart of accounts.
The Business Area represents an organizational unit for which you can
carry out internal reporting. A company code may be divided into multiple
business areas.
Billing Types
• F2 Invoice
• F8 Pro forma Invoice
• G2 Credit memo
• L2 Debit Memo
• Re returns
• S1 Cancellation invoive
• S2 Cancellation Credit memo
• LR Invoice List
• LG Credit memo List
• IV Intercompany billing (invoice)
• IG Intercompany billing (credit memo)
• Cash Sale
You can create new billing types or redefine existing ones in the standard
system to meet the requirements of your company installation.
Many of the control parameters in the billing type influence further processing in
Financial Accounting (posting block, account determination).
• Number assignment
• Partners
• Texts
• Output
• Rebates
• Posting Block
• Special features of the FI Interface
• Account determination
• Invoice list type
• Cancellation billing type Number assignment
In Customizing for the item category, you can determine whether billing is to
be carried out with reference to a delivery or an order.
Delivery-Related Invoices
If you want to ensure that goods have already been shipped before an invoice is
created, create an invoice with reference to a delivery.
You can create an invoice for goods (the carpet) and service (laying
(assentar) the carpet), as long as the corresponding requirements for combining
the two are met.
Order-Related Invoices
If you want to invoice a customer for services rendered, normally you create
an invoice with reference to the sales order because deliveries are not usually
created for services.
Cancellation
The reference document of the billing document (for example, the delivery for
the canceled invoice) can now be billed again.
You also have the option of canceling individual items in a billing document.
You can create credit and debit memos either with reference to credit or
debit memo request (sales document), or, if your company does not require
a release procedure in the case of complaints, directly with reference to a
billing document.
You can release a credit memo request or return by removing the billing block.
The value of theses items will not be copied into the billing document.
Credit memo requests are usually blocked for billing (that is, credit) upon
creation until the employee responsible releases this block.
If the value of the credit memo request is below a certain minimum limit, then it
can be released automatically by the system.
First all credit memo items are listed, followed by all debit memo items.
The credit memo item cannot be changed. The corresponding debit memo
item, however, can be updated according to new characteristics (new
pricing, change in quantity).
You can delete debit and credit memos in pairs.
You can create an invoice correct for quantity difference or Price difference.
Returns
You create a return for goods sent back from a dissatisfied customer.
Returns are processed in the same way as a credit memo requests.
The credit memo is billed with reference to the order, which means it refers to
the return request document, not to the return delivery.
Billing Types for pro forma invoices are available for export transactions.
You can create pro forma invoices with reference to orders or deliveries. You
do not need to post the goods issue before creating a delivery-related pro
forma invoice.
You can create as many pro forma invoice as required, since the billing
status in the reference document is not updated.
Cash Sales
For cash sales, payment is made when goods are ordered. The invoice is
also printed at this time.
The actual billing document can be created later after the goods issue has
been posted.
⇒ Sales document
⇒ Outbound delivery
⇒ Billing document
Reference Document
The quantities can be taken from the delivery; the prices however are taken
from the underlying order.
Data Flow
You can, to a certain extent, influence data flow from reference documents to
billing documents. This is done using:
⇒ Billing Types
⇒ Copying control
o At header level:
• Foreign trade data
• Allocation number
• Reference number
• Item number assignment
o At Item Level
• Quantity
• Pricing
You can also use data transfer routines to influence the data flow to meet
your individual requirements. For example, Terms of payment can be copied
from the customer master instead of the preceding sales document.
Copying Control
The system administrator can define how data is transferred in the billing
process in the copying control table. Controls are determined for:
• The header
• The item
• Billing quantity;
• Pricing and exchange rate
• Should price, be carried out again or should prices from the
order be copied over, and at what exchange rate?
• Updating the quantity and value in the reference document
• Where should the conditions in the billing document be carried
over from, copying over shipment costs from the shipment
cost document?
In copying control you can specify whether goods issue has to be posted
before billing can be carried out.
Billing Quantity
Deliveries and order quantities are referenced in billing. You can also take
into account, the quantity already billed (Depending on the area for which
the relevant billing type is used).
This makes it possible, to create an order-related billing document for quantities
already delivered. (Ex.: Quantity already delivered minus quantity already
billed).
Pricing Overview
An access sequence is stored for every condition type. This defines the
search strategy the system utilizes when searching for valid condition records.
For each access, the key fields are filled with document data so that the
system can search for available condition records in the condition file.
When determining a suitable, valid condition record, the scale is read with the
number of pieces or the value from the item, and the corresponding
price/discount is set in the document.
The procedure described above is carried out for every single condition type
contained in the pricing procedure.
At the time of billing, the following possible pricing types may be set for the
items:
A: The pricing elements are copied from the reference document and updated
according to a scale.
B: Pricing is carried out again.
C: The manual pricing elements are copied, and pricing is carried out again for
the others.
D: The pricing elements are copied unchanged from the reference document.
G: The pricing elements are copied unchanged from the reference document.
The tax conditions are determined again.
H: The pricing elements are copied unchanged from the reference document.
The system administrator can assign a pricing type or define new ones for
each type and item category combination.
The system administrator can also define how the rate is determined.
OPTIONS FOR CREATING BILLING DOCUMENTS
The selection criteria for a Billing Due List is: Sold-to party, billing date, and
destination country.
After saving a Billing Due List, you can display the log to determine which billing
documents were created from a billing due list and whether any errors
occurred.
You can process the billing due list in simulation mode. The system displays
the billing documents without saving documents.
You can process invoices periodically. All deliveries due for billing on a certain
date can be combined into one collective invoice.
When you create a document, the system copies the next invoice date from
the factory calendar to the appropriate document as the billing date.
This cancels all the Billing documents in a collective run. The caneled billing
documents are combined under a collective processing number in collective
processing type S and can be displayed by choosing Billing document – Log.
You can then bill the preceding documents for the canceled billing document
again.
Using the general billing Interface, you can Invoice external documents in the
SAP system. (that is, orders and deliveries not created in the SAP system).
If the header partners or data in the header fields are not identical, the
system will automatically perform an invoice split.
All header partner and header fields in the billing document can cause an
invoice split.
You can configure the SAP system to create one billing document for each sales
document.
Invoice List
Invoice List contains various billing documents (invoices, credit and debit
memos) and can be sent to a payer on specified days or at certain intervals.
Billing Plan
When processing an order, instead of storing a single billing date, you can
store a detailed billing plan with several billing dates in the sales document at
item level.
$
You can also define a billing plan at header level, which is then valid for all
items assigned to it. These header billing plans are assigned to sales
document types.
Periodic billing is often used for rental and service agreements, in order to
bill the full amount periodically at certain dates.
Periodic Billing
The start and end dates define the duration of the billing plan. If possible
they are taken from the contract data. You may decide not to set an end
date (if the duration is unlimited).
You can create new dates either directly in the billing plan, or using the report
RVFPLA01. You should schedule the report to run at regular intervals, since
new dates are not compiled automatically when individual settlement periods
are billed.
Milestone Billing
During milestone billing, the total value to be billed is distributed among the
individual dates according to certain rules.
You can enter as many dates per billing plan as you require.
The system creates an entry in the billing index for each billing date.
Dates that have already been billed can no longer be changed in the billing
plan.
Milestone area assigned to the billing plan dates and blocked for billing until the
milestone is confirmed as completed.
The system can also determine whether the amount to be billed counts as a
final invoice for which as yet unbilled dates must also be taken into account.
Within pricing, condition records are created for special condition types, for
which monthly prices can be defined.
The billing plan type is determined from the document item category and
the relevance for billing.
Date descriptions represent the text description for the corresponding billing
dates in the billing plan.
The date categories defined have a control function at billing date level. For
example, they determine which billing rule is used to settle the date, whether the
billing date is a fixed date and whether a billing block is set for this date.
Date rules are needed in the billing plan, in order to define the start date and the
end date, as well as to determine the corresponding billing dates.
Down payments are usually arranged with the customer when dealing with plant
engineering and construction or capital goods.
When processing partial/final invoices, the down payments made are transferred
as down payment to be cleared. Within Financial accounting, the down
payments are deducted from the special reconciliation account and entered in
the standard reconciliation account. The down payments for clearing then
appear as open items for the customer and reduce the receivables total.
Down payment processing is carried out with the billing plan function.
The value of the agreed down payment can be entered either as a fixed amount
or as a percentage of the value of the item.
As soon as the billing date (in the billing plan) for the down payment has been
reached, the system creates a down payment invoice and sends it to the
customer.
The down payment request in FI, is created automatically from the down
payment request in Sales and Distribution.
When a payment request is settled, the especial General Ledger (G/L) indicator
A displays the incoming payment in Financial Accounting as a down payment
by posting.
You can view the down payments in the open items of accounts receivable
under the special G/L indicator A.
For partial and final invoices, the down payments made are transferred to the
billing documents as down payments for clearing.
During partial invoicing, the amount of the down payment to be cleared can
be changed.
In this case, the maximum amount for clearing is the amount received as down
payments minus the down payments already cleared.
During final invoicing, all uncleared down payments are taken into account.
Installment Plan
For installment payment terms, you must specify the number and amount
of the installment in percentage and payments terms for each installment
payment.
The sales revenue accounts are created in FI, in order to receive certain
evaluations and to be able to carry out reconciliation with the Profitability
Analysis.
For this reason you can set different criteria for account determination of the
relevant accounts. The following criteria are defined in the standard system:
• Chart of accounts
• Sales organization
• Account assignment group for payer (Payer Master Record)
• Account assignment group for material (Material Master Record)
• Account key (Discounts and surcharges – Pricing Procedure)
The condition tables contain the fields and field combinations upon which
revenue account determination depends.
The key fields are filled with document data, so that the system can search for a
corresponding G/L account for the relevant combination.
Business Areas
A business area can report financial information across several company codes
with regard to specif fields of activity.
Business area balance sheets and profit and loss statements can only be
used for internal reporting.
This can lead to different business areas being determined for several items
within the same order.
SD/FI INTERFACE
The system sends billing data in invoices, credit memos, and debit memos
to Financial Accounting and posts them to the correct accounts.
• Billing date
• Pricing
• Account determination
• Output determination data
Once the billing document, has been released to accounts, you can only
change output data.
Posting Block
However, you might not want the data to be transferred automatically for certain
billing types. In that case you can set a posting block for the billing type
concerned.
The system will then generate the accounting documents only after you
have released the billing document.
This allows you to generate Sales and Distribution billing documents first, then
print out the billing documents and finally, transfer them to FI. In this way you
can improve system performance.
You can automatically fill the Reference number and allocation number fields
in the accounting document with numbers from SD documents.
The allocation number, is in the customer line item and is used for sorting line
numbers.
In Customizing for copying control in billing, you can define which numbers
will be copied as reference or allocation numbers:
You must first create billing documents and post them to Financial
Accounting before you combine them in an invoice list. The number that was
saved as a reference number in copying control is then transferred to Financial
Accounting.
When the invoice list is created, the reference number from the invoice list
overwrites the reference numbers from the individual billing documents.
This enables you to post incoming payments with the invoice list number.
Up until now, the system has given all Sales and Distribution documents the FI
document type RV.
CAI NA PROVA
When maintaining master data, you can represent the relationship between
the head office and its branches.
You can either represent this relationship with the partner functions in Sales and
Distribution, or with the Head office field in the accounting segment of the
customer master record.
You can use the Head office/branch field in the billing type to control which
partner functions in the billing document should be transferred do Financial
Accounting.
Negative Postings
In the SAP standard system, cancellations and credit memos are posted on
the opposite side of the account as compared to posting receivables to the
customer.
If you wish to do this, you must activate the Negative postings field for the
billing types for credit memos and cancellations.
The system transfers this information to Financial Accounting across the FI-
CO interface.
The period for the billing document baseline payment date can be used as
the basis for value dating the credit memo.
Controlling processing of credit memo value dating is carried out via the
value dated credit memo field in billing types.
If this indicator is blank, then the procedure continues as usual, that is, the credit
memo is due immediately on the billing date.
If the Value Credit Memo field is selected in the credit memo billing type, the
reference billing document is not cleared, and if the baseline date for payment
for the originating billing document is after the billing date in the credit memo,
the baseline payment from the originating billing document is entered in the
Value Date Field in the credit memo.
Copying Control
Document Flow
You can create sales document with reference to documents that were
created previously.
You can enter a different requested delivery date for all the items in the
new document.
In this way you can transfer individual items and partial quantities from the
reference document into the new document.
There are Copying control tables for Sales Document, Deliveries and Billing
Document. They can control:
• Copying Requirements
• Allowed source and target documents
• Data transfer routines
• Update document flow
• Transfer schedule lines?
• Influence the document status
• Quantity/Value Update
• Control of price determination
There are three levels for copying control for sales documents:
- Header
- Item
- Schedule line
Copying Requirements
Before data is copied from the reference document to the target document,
certain requirements must be met.
Once the copying requirements are satisfied, the specified data transfer routines
are executed.
In copying control, the item level controls are defined for each item category for
every “Target document type / Source document type” pairing.
• Quantity/value pos/neg:
• Copy quantity
• Pricing type
• Update document flow
The item category determination rules also apply when you create sales
documents with reference.
TEXT CONTROL
The material master record contains a purchase order text and a sales text.
Texts can also be copied from a reference document to another sales and
distribution document.
You can determine the conditions under which texts are to be copied, for
example, whether the text is copied from the customer master record, or from a
preceding document.
You can define different text determination procedures for each text object.
Example, the sales document header or the central text for a customer.
The text determination procedures contain all the text types that can be
maintained for a text object.
You can define an access sequence for every text type in the text
determination procedure for documents.
You can also define specific controls for each text type, such as including a
text type in the incompleteness log.
Every access step contains a specified text object as the source for the
access.
For document text determination procedures you can also specify whether:
Each attribute of a text object must then be assigned to one of the defined
text determination procedures.
This means that when you create a customer master record, the system uses
the text determination procedure that has been assigned to that customer’s
account group.
The text source for text objects VBBK (Sales and distribution header texts) and
VBBP (Sales and distribution item texts) can be selected in the configuration for
the billing type.
If “Text Delivery” is switched off, the corresponding texts are taken from the
order.
If “Text Delivery” is switched on, the corresponding texts are taken from the
outbound delivery.
OUTPUT DETERMINATION
Output in the SAP system is for communication purposes (particularly with the
customer).
Output Types in SD
In the Sales document, Delivery document and Billing document, you have
the follows Output Types:
The transmission medium determines how output is issued. For example, you
can agree with the customer that an order confirmation is sent by EDY or that
notification is given beforehand by way of the Internet.
A program with the relevant layout sets can be assigned to each output type
and transmission medium.
Communication Strategy
Timing of Output
You determine the transmission medium, the time and the partner function in
the condition record.
Output Processing
Procuring and Preparing Data
The structure and data in the documents that are processed online are stored in
the database.
To transmit output, the system procures the data from the database and
prepares it for the required transmission medium.
Printing Data
The system procures and prepares data in two sparate steps when printing
documents.
The printing controls are defined in the SAPscript form, independent of the
print output program.
Simple changes that do not need preparation logic or new fields in the
communication structure can be processed directly in the form with
SAPscript.
This means that if you need to create any document, you can copy most of it
from an existing communication structure.
The real work starts when writing the processing program and its form definition.
General Data is assigned directly to clients. It is then valid for both the various
company codes as well as the different sales areas.
You can add your own account groups to those that are predefined in the SAP
standard system.
You can use field selection for each account group to determine whether field
entries are option or required. Any fields that are not required can be hidden.
The field status information for the two influencing factors (account group
and transaction) are combined in pairs.
Table Control
Table control is a display element that enables you to configure the table view to
meet customer-specific requirements.
The supplementary tool GuiXT allows for flexible design of individual screens.