Abstract:

This project focuses on developing an embedded system to

control the operation of the stepper motor using micro controller.
It consists of two parts; one is transmitter which consists of pc,
level converter, microcontroller, RF transmitter. Another one is
receiver which consists of RF receiver, microcontroller, stepper
motor and stepper motor driver.
If we want to control the motor the information is given to the
microcontroller using pc. Microcontroller recognizes the data and
provides the appropriate information to the RF transmitter. It
transmits the desired signal to the RF receiver. RF receiver
receives the signal, decodes and gives it to the micro controller.
Finally the micro controller according to the received signal
controls the motor with the help of motor driver.

PC based electrical appliances control is an interesting PC based

project, mainly useful for industrial applications, home
automation, and supervisory control applications. This project
gives exact concept of interfacing a high voltage electrical device
or DC / AC motor to high sensitive personal computer system.
This project is the first step to design of PC based industrial
automation projects.

We are using the rs232 as the communication medium between

pc and controller.

We are controlling the dc motor by sending signals from the pc to

controller.
 This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805
three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation.
Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out put of
secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.

Robotics is interesting domain in the present engineering

world. Here this project describes how to control a stepper motor
using PC. This project is very useful in Robotics, for the Arm
moment of the Robot and to move the robot forward and
backward direction.

MAX232 IC is used for RS232 communication in this project.

One of the 8051s many powerful features is its integrated UART,
otherwise known as a serial port. The fact that the 8051 has an
integrated serial port means that you may very easily read and
write values to the serial port. If it were not for the integrated
serial port, writing a byte to a serial line would be a rather tedious
process requiring turning on and off one of the I/O lines in rapid
succession to properly "clock out" each individual bit, including
start bits, stop bits, and parity bits.

However, we do not have to do this. Instead, we simply need to configure the

serial ports operation mode and baud rate. Once configured, all we have to do is
write to an SFR to write a value to the serial port or read the same SFR to read a
value from the serial port. The 8051 will automatically let us know when it has
finished sending the character we wrote and will also let us know whenever it has
received a byte so that we can process it. We do not have to worry about
transmission at the bit level--which saves us quite a bit of coding and processing
time.

Of all motors, step motor is the easiest to control. Its handling

simplicity is really hard to deny - all there is to do is to bring the
sequence of rectangle impulses to one input of step controller and
direction information to another input. Direction information is
very simple and comes down to "left" for logical one on that pin
and "right" for logical zero. Motor control is also very simple -
every impulse makes the motor operating for one step and if
there is no impulse the motor won't start.

Pause between impulses can be shorter or longer and it defines

revolution rate. This rate cannot be infinite because the motor
won't be able to "catch up" with all the impulses.

The key to driving a stepper is realizing how the motor is

constructed. A diagram shows the representation of a 4 coil
motor, so named because 4 coils are used to cause the revolution
of the drive shaft. Each coil must be energized in the correct
order for the motor to spin.

In this project, the stepper motor can be rotated in clock wise and anti-clock
wise direction with 5 or 10 steps spin. This direction can be controlled by giving a
command through PC’s hyper terminal tool. This project is also useful for
positioning of Antenna.