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UNIT-V
1. Define electric current.
Electric current is defined as rate of flow of electric charge i=dq/dt amperes
where q is the charge in coloumbs.The unit of current is the ampereswhich is the
current that flows when 1 coloumb of charge is transferred in one second.
Kirchoff’s current law(I law): The sum of the currents flowing towards a junction is
equal to the sum of the currents flowing away from it.
Kirchoff’s Voltage law(II law): In a closed circuit the sum of the potential drops is
equal to the sum of the potential rises.
Alternators can be classified into the following two types according to its rotor
construction
• Smooth cylindrical type alternator
Salient pole alternator
While starting, rotor conductors are stationary and they cut the revolving magnetic
field and so an emf is induced in them by electromagnetic induction. This induced
emf produces a current if the circuit is closed. This current opposes the cause by
Lenz’s law and hence the rotor starts revolving in the same direction as that of the
magnetic field.
No, if the speed of induction motor is Ns then the relative speed between the
rotating flux and the rotor will be zero and so no torque is produced.
The power factor is the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current.
COSθ=R / Z ; COSθ= Real Power/ Apparent power.
21.Give the difference between squirrel cage motor and slip ring motor.
26. How will you find the direction of emf using Fleming’s right hand rule?
The thumb, the forefinger and the middle finger of the right hand
are held so that these fingers are mutually perpendicular then
Forefinger –field
Thumb-motion
Middle finger-I, current.
27. How do you find the direction of force produced using Fleming’s left hand
rule?
The thumb, the forefinger and the middle finger of the left hand are
held so that these fingers are mutually perpendicular then
Forefinger –field
Thumb-motion (due to force)
Middle finger-I, current