Definition

An individual who is in charge of a certain group of tasks, or a certain subset of a company. A

manager often has a staff of people who report to him or her. As an example, a restaurant will often
have a front-of-house manager who helps the patrons, and supervises the hosts. In addition, a
specific office project can have a manager, known simply as the project manager. Certain
departments within a company designate their managers to be line managers, while others are
known as staff managers, depending upon the functionality of the department.

A General Manager has broad, overall responsibility for a business or organization. Whereas a
manager may be responsible for one functional area, the General Manager is responsible for all
areas. Most commonly, the term general manager refers to any executive who has overall
responsibility for managing both the revenue and cost elements of a company's income statement.
This is often referred to as Profit & Loss (P&L) responsibility. This means that a general manager
usually oversees most or all of the firm's marketing and sales functions as well as the day-to-day
operations of the business. Frequently, the general manager is also responsible for leading or
coordinating the strategic planning functions of the company.

In many cases, the general manager of a business is given a different formal title or titles. Most
corporate managers holding the titles of Chief Executive Officer (CEO) or President, for example,
are the general managers of their respective businesses. More rarely, the Chief Financial Officer
(CFO), Chief Operating Officer (COO), or Chief Marketing Officer (CMO) will act as the general
manager of the business. Depending on the company, individuals with the title Managing Director,
Regional Vice President, Country Manager, Product Manager, Branch Manager or Segment
Manager may also have general management responsibilities.

In consumer products companies, general managers are often given the title Brand Manager or
Category Manager. In professional services firms, the general manager may hold titles such as
Managing Partner, Senior Partner, or Managing Director.

In non-profit enterprises, the general manager is often given the title Executive Director.

Job of a manager is to lead the team

to formulate new policies to increase the sales
to keep up the co-ordination of the subordinates
to motivate employees to give their best which increases the
efficiency level
to utilise the man power in such a way that it would give optimum
return to
the company.

Management in all business and human organization activity is simply the act of getting people
together to accomplish desired goals and objectives. Management comprises planning, organizing,
staffing, leading or directing, facilitating and controlling or manipulating an organization (a group
of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing
encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources,
technological resources, and natural resources.
Management can also refer to the person or people who perform the act(s) of management

An organization (or organisation — see spelling differences) is a social arrangement which

pursues collective goals, which controls its own performance, and which has a boundary separating
it from its environment. The word itself is derived from the Greek word ὄργανον (organon [itself
derived from the better-known word ἔργον ergon - work; deed - > ergonomics, etc]) meaning tool.

In the social sciences, organizations are studied by researchers from several disciplines, the most
common of which are sociology, economics, political science, psychology, management, and
organizational communication. The broad area is commonly referred to as organizational studies,
organizational behavior or organization analysis. Therefore, a number of different theories and
perspectives exist, some of which are compatible, and others that are competing.

• Organization – process-related: an entity is being (re-)organized (organization as task or

action).
• Organization – functional: organization as a function of how entities like businesses or state
authorities are used (organization as a permanent structure).
• Organization – institutional: an entity is an organization (organization as an actual purposeful
structure within a social context)

What Types Of Organization Are There?

December 1, 2006 by Adam

Filed under Business

5 Comments

As entrepreneurs, many of us will or already have started up a business. Like me, this business
could be a number of relatively small internet sites or it could range to a full-fledged retail outlet.
Either way there are different organisations which you can choose to take the form of which may
help or hinder your pathway to success.

The following four types of organisation are relevant to businesses in the UK, but if anyone can
give me information on different types in the USA or Australia I would be happy to post them up.

1) Sole Trader - this is simply someone who owns his/her own business. As I said I would class
myself as a sole trader blogger and internet entrepreneur. This title is pretty loose and more
importantly there is no legal distinction between the owner and the business. But the owner can use
a trading name instead of his own.

2) Partnership - a partnership is formed when a business is setup from between 2 to 20 people.

These partners will have a legal agreement drafted up for them specifying rights and duties.
However still, there is no legal distinction between the owners and the business.

Partners can be a tricky situation to deal with. Many people have forged great partnerships together
but family partnerships can end up disastrous. Read Entrepreneur.com’s Article on 10 Tips for
Working With Family Members for more.
3) Private Limited Company (Ltd.) - if you’re in the UK you may have seen a lot of these around,
maybe on the high-street or maybe an internet based e-commerce company. These businesses are
registered with Companies House and have between 1 and 50 shareholders. These shareholders may
be family or friends and you get to have the “Limited” word in your company name.

The actual definition behind the terminology is that the liability of the company is limited to the
capital (shares) invested. The shares however cannot be traded on the stock exchange. If the
company were to go bankrupt however, the owner would not be personally liable for debts incurred.

4) Public Limited Company (plc) - This is a company where shares must be available to the
general public through the Stock Exchange, and this therefore means that the PLC needs a Stock
Exchange Listing. The process for obtaining one of these involves a costly process which may also
take a long time. There are certain requirements for having a PLC too; there must be:

• at least £50,000-worth (Republic of Ireland: €38,092.14) of share capital of which at least

25% must have been paid for.
• two shareholders
• two directors, one of whom may also be the company secretary
• a certificate of entitlement (the trading certificate) to do business and borrow capital