GSM Basics - Chathura

GSM Basics
1. What are the main three bands available in GSM? (900, 1800, 1900).
2. What is meant by Extended GSM900? (Bandwidth of GSM900 increased 880-915 uplink and
935-970 down link).
3. How many channels available in 900 and 1800 bands? (124 and 374).
4. What is meant by frequency hopping? ( Sending the same data in different frequencies)
5. What is the relationship between ARFCN and GSM channel? (ARFCN is the no assigned to a
specific frequency of a channel).
6. Why GSM uses ‘half rate’ communication in certain situations? (When capacity of a sector is not
sufficient enough to serve the demand, data rates of the users will be reduced to enhance the
no of users who can be served by the sector).
7. What is the duration of a GSM time slot? (156.25 bits, 0.577 ms)
8. How many information bits can be included in a GSM TS? (114 bits)
9. What is GSM multi frame? (1 multi frame = 26 GSM frames for TCH, 51 GSM frames for
signaling).
10. Describe briefly, why bit interleaving process use in communication systems? (In such a situation
where a communication channel is totally destroyed and all the data bits of a sample are
included in the communication channel, then the BER is 100%. Using interleaving process the
BER can be reduced).
11. Describe GSM Hopping Process.
12. What is MAIO & HSN
13. Why use different MAIO for a Same HSN?
Network Planning - Pamitha
1. What are the main objective of the radio network planning?
  With lowest cost
  To provide certain service grade (Quality of service)
  To meet current and future traffic requirement
  To satisfy current and future coverage requirement  

2. What is Erlang?
It is an unit of telecommunication traffic measurement

3. What are the commonly use Eralang tables & what are the different between
that table?
Erlang B – Assume that if calls cannot go through then they get dropped.
Erlang C – Assume that if a call does not get through then it will wait in a queue.

4. What is capacity planning?

This is process of increasing traffic by adding Trxs traffic channels and proper use of frequency
reuse pattern.
5. Why is frequency reuse pattern used?
Frequency reuse pattern is used for capacity planning. To minimize frequency interference
problems.
6. What is co-channel interference and adjacent channel interference?
The interference  caused  by using same channels  in a network is called co channel
interference and interference caused by adjacent channels of is called adjacent channel
interference
7. How do you minimize co-channel interference & adjacent channel interference
proper frequency planning and proper reuse pattern.
8. What are the Anti-interference technique ?
  Dynamic power control (DPC)
  Diversity receiving technique
  FH technique
  Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)
9. What is the Frequency Hopping?
Frequency hopping is a technique by which frequency of the signal is changed with very burst in
such a way that there is minimum interference in the network
10. What is Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)?
It is a method of momentarily powering-down, or muting, a mobile when there is no voice input
to the set.
It is a feature that controls the power of the transmission when the mobile is in “Silent” mode.
When the subscriber is not speaking on the mobile a voice detector in the equipment detects
this and send a burst of transmission bits to BSS, indicate this inactivity.
Thereby reducing interference in the network and improving the efficiency of the network.
11. What are the diversity techniques?
Frequency diversity
Space Diversity
Polarization Diversity.
12. What are the Frequency Reuse Patterns
Single Frequency Reuse Pattern (4×3,3×3)
Multiple Reuse Pattern (MRP)
Concentric Circle