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97 4 dichromate.
Briefly describe how you would conduct an experiment, using the materials (2) State the condition(s) under which the compound reacts with
and apparatus listed below, to nickel-plate a clean metal spoon. (Diagrams potassium dichromate.
are NOT required.) State the expected observation of the experiment.
(3) What product is formed from the compound in the redox reaction ?
a clean metal spoon, a nickel plate, nickel(II) sulphate crystals, a large
beaker of distilled water, a d.c. power supply and connecting wires (iii) In the presence of a dilute acid, chromium(II) ions react with
(8 marks) atmospheric oxygen to form chromium(III) ions and water.
(1) Write the half equation for the formation of chromium(III) ions.
(2) Write the half equation for the formation of water.
97 8b (3) Write the overall equation for the reaction.
Read the following paragraph concerning chromium and answer the
questions that follow: (iv) Suggest TWO ways in which chromium can be used to prevent the
corrosion of iron.
The Greek word "chroma" means colour. Many
chromium-containing compounds and chromium containing (9 marks)
gemstones are beautifully coloured. The oxidation number of
chromium in its compounds can be +2, +3 and +6.
97 9b (2) Draw a labeled diagram to show the set-up for the experiment, use
X and Y are different metals. A student studied the reactivity of X, Y and half-cells A and C.
copper by setting up two electrochemical cells using the following materials (iv) Arrange X, Y and copper in the order of increasing reactivity. Explain
and apparatus. The results of the experiment are tabulated below: your answer.
(v) What would be observed when a piece of copper foil is immersed in an
aqueous solution containing 1 mol dm-3 of Y2+ ions? Explain your
answer.
98 6b
The table below includes some information about three types of dry cells.
The voltage of each type of cell is 1.5 V.
(i) What is the meaning of the term ‘saturated solution’? (The life of a cell has been determined from its use in a test with a motorized
(ii) Explain the use of the strips of filter paper in the experiment. toy.)
(iii) The student had to use an additional instrument to determine the (i) Decide and explain which type of cell should be used in a small
direction of electron flow in the external circuit. CD-player (Discman).
(1) What instrument did the student use ? (ii) A package of 24 zinc-carbon cells is now being offered at a special price
Chem I / Section 3 : Chemical Cells and Elecdtrolysis
Prepared by Chemistry Department – QUEEN’S COLLEGE
of $49.90. Assuming that your radio consumes one zinc-carbon cell per 99 6a
month, would you buy a package of these specially-priced cells for the Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. Under suitable conditions,
use of your radio ? Explain your answer. 80.0 cm3 of hydrogen and 60.0 cm3 of oxygen (with one of the reactants in
(iii) The half-equations below show the changes at the two electrodes, A and excess) react to give water. The volumes of both gases are measured at room
B, of a silver oxide cell during discharge: temperature and pressure.
(i) Draw the electronic diagram of water, showing electrons in the
A: Zn(s) + 2OH– (aq) → ZnO(s) + H2 O(l) + 2e– outermost shells only.
B: Ag2 O(s) + H2 O(l) + 2e– → 2Ag(s) + 2OH– (aq) (ii) Assume that the two gases undergo complete reaction. Deduce the
(1) Decide and explain which electrode, A or B, is the anode. volume of the remaining gas, measured at room temperature and
(2) Write the overall equation for the reaction that would occur in the pressure, at the end of the reaction.
cell during discharge. (iii) Water can be decomposed by electrolysis with the following set-up to
give hydrogen and oxygen.
(iv) The following information was found on the packaging of a brand of
zinc-carbon cells:
99 8a
The diagram below shows the longitudinal section of a zinc-carbon cell.
(i) Write a half-equation for the reaction that occurs at the zinc case of the
cell during discharge.
(ii) State the function of following substances in a zinc-carbon cell.
(1) carbon rod
(2) manganese(IV) oxide
(iii) Suggest a chemical test to show the presence of ammonium ions in the
moist paste of ammonium chloride.
(iv) Explain whether you agree with the following statement.
Cd + OH– → Cd(OH)2
NiO 2 + H2 O → Ni(OH)2 + OH– (9 marks)