TURKEY

TURKEY -2009
Country Presentation - Logistics
 TURKEY
LOCATION
Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia
bordering the Black Sea, the Aegean Sea
and the Mediterranean Sea

• 8,333 km Coastline
• 2,627 km Territorial Borders
• Around 73 Million 561
Thousand 312 People
 TURKEY
GEO-ECONOMICAL
‘East Meets West’

Gateway from/to
• Europe
• Central Asia
• Black Sea
• East Mediterrenean
• Gulf
 TURKEY
GEO-ECONOMICAL
Among World’s 10 Big Emerging
Markets
Growing Industries
• Transport & Logistics • Telecommunications - IT
• Automotive • Energy
• Textiles • Iron & Steel
• Retailing • Defense Industry
• Tourizm

60% of the population are under age 30

 TURKEY
GEO-ECONOMICAL
Close Integration With
International Community

Memberships
• UN • World Bank
• NATO • World Trade Organization
• European Council • EFTA
• OECD • Black Sea E.C. Zone
• IMF • EU Customs Union
 TURKEY
EU
Customs Union In Power Since 1996

Turkey Fully Trade Volume

Adopted EU
Policies
• Trade Regime • Today the Volume is about
• Legislative - 243 Billion USD per Year
• Common Foreign Trade - 102 Billion USD Export
Tariffs vis-a-vis 3rd - 141 Billion USD Import
Countries
 TURKEY
ECONOMY
Turkey’s Total Exports in Years
Exports 2000-2009
140.000 132.027
120.000
107.272
102.139
100.000
85.535
Value US$ 80.000 73.477
63.167
(000.000) 60.000
47.253
40.000 31.334 36.059
27.775
20.000

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Years
 TURKEY
ECONOMY
Turkey’s Total Imports in Years
Import 2000-2009
250.000

200.000 201.964
170.063
Value US$ 150.000 139.576 140.869
116.774
(000.000) 100.000 97.540
69.340
54.503
50.000 41.399 51.554

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Years
 TURKEY
ECONOMY
Turkey’s Total Foreign Trade in Years
Total Foreign Trade 2000-2009
350.000 333.991

300.000 277.335

250.000 243.008
225.111

200.000 190.251
Value
160.707
(000.000 US$)
150.000
116.593
100.000 82.278 72.733 87.612

50.000

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Years
 TURKEY
Top 10 Trade(Export) Partners of Turkey

(US$ 000.000)
• GERMANY USD 9,791
• FRANCE USD 6,210
• UNITED KINGDOM USD 5,920
• ITALY USD 5,892
• IRAQ USD 5,126
• SWITZERLAND USD 3,932
• U.S.A. USD 3,225
• RUSSIA USD 3,202
• U.A.E USD 2,899
• SPAIN USD 2,824
 TURKEY
Top 10 Trade (IMPORT) Partners of
Turkey
(USD 000.000)
• RUSSIA USD 19,719
• GERMANY USD 14,096
• CHINA USD 12,663
• U.S.A. USD 8,572
• ITALY USD 7,673
• FRANCE USD 7,090
• SPAIN USD 3,776
• UNITED KINGDOM USD 3,467
• IRAN USD 3,406
• UKRAINE USD 3,156
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS
Regional Freight Flow
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS
Int’l Freight Value

Export+Imports (USD) OTHER;

12.877,715;
US$ % AIR;
21.327,335;
5%

SEA 130.267,564 53,6 9%

RAIL 2.618,342 1,1 SEA;

130.267,564;
ROAD 75.916,582 31,2 ROAD;
54%
75.916,582;
AIR 21.327,335 8,8 31%

OTHER 12.877,715 5,3 RAIL;

2.618,342; 1%
TOTAL 243.007,538 100,0
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS
Int’l Freight Volume - Weight

QUANTITY
Tons % OTHER;
RAIL;
SEAFREIGHT 166.223,538 82,3 1.640,591 7.337,175
AIR;
ROADFREIGHT 25.133,084 12,4 1.571,452

RAILFREIGHT 1.640,591 0,8

AIRFREIGHT 1.571,452 0,8 SEA;
OTHERS 7.337,175 3,6 166.223,538

TOTAL 201.905,840 100

 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ocean Transport
Ports in Turkey
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ocean Transport
Containers Handled in 2009
TEU Volume in 2009
2.582.700
3000000
2500000
2000000
TEU Valume 1500000 880.774
784.142
1000000
14.801
500000
0
Marmara Sea Aegean Sea Mediterranean Black Sea
Years

-Total 4.262.417 TEU

-61 % in Marmara Region
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean Transport
Ambarlı Port Complex in Istanbul
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean Transport
Ambarlı Port Complex in Istanbul

Facts & Figures

- 7 Terminals
- 1,84 million TEU handled in 2009
- 43,07% of Turkey, 71,08% of the region
- 2nd largest in East-Med, bigger than Pireaus
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean Transport
Ambarlı Port Complex in Istanbul
Ambarlı, Marmara, Turkey Comparison
5.000.000
4.500.000
4.000.000
3.500.000
3.000.000
TEU 2.500.000
2.000.000
1.500.000
1.000.000
500.000
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Years
Ambarlı TEU Marmara TEU Total Turkey TEU
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean Transport
Ambarlı Port Complex in Istanbul
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Ambarlı TEU 358.000 564.000 775.000 1.078.000 1.186.000 1.446.269 1.939.864 2.067.943 1.835.986

Marmara
TEU 763.334 1.007.317 1.311.882 1.723.246 1.907.497 2.285.311 2.944.937 3.120.357 2.582.700

Turkey TEU 1.533.457 1.933.218 2.444.525 3.053.370 3.300.316 3.822.727 4.711.523 4.904.593 4.262.417

Ambarlı vs.
Marmara 46,90% 55,99% 59,08% 62,56% 62,18% 63,29% 65,87% 66,27% 71,08%

Ambarlı vs.
Turkey 23,35% 29,17% 31,70% 35,31% 35,94% 37,83% 41,17% 42,16% 43,07%
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean Transport
Istanbul – Transit Hub For Black Sea
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS - Ocean Transport
MERSIN – Preparing to be the leader of region
- One of the most important logistics centers for Turkey
and Middle East and Central Asia (CIS)
- Due to geogrophical location and multi-mode connection facilities
- Seaport / Free Zone / Railway / Airport / Truck formation
- Studies have been started in coordination with the Undersecreteriat
of Foreign Trade to establih logistics center
- Project is funded by EU
- Recently, RO-RO line from Mersin to Trieste (Italy) became
operational
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ocean Transport
Port Privatizations
In last 5 years Turkish Ports have gone through successful
Privatization process. Global players like Hatchison, PSA, Dubai Ports
have taken part in this process.
- Hopa Port, Park Holding - 1997
- Trabzon Port, Albayrak Group - 2003
- Derince, Turkerler Group – 2007
- Antalya Port, Çelebi & Kutman JV – 2007
- Mersin Port, PSA - 2007
- Container handling has increased 30%
- Break bulk handling capacity has reached to 4 million tons
- Vessel waiting time for berthing is down to 1 hour
-Samsun Port, Ceynak Logistics – 2008
-Bandırma Port, Çelebi Group – 2008
-Nemport Port, Akdeniz Kimya - 2010
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road Transport Intl.
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road Transport
Very regulated market place:
- A new law introduced in 2002
- Main principles are:
- Professional aptitude (proved by training & exam)
- Financial competence (proved by capital stock)
- Professional credibility / good reputation
- The new law introduces 37 different type of licenses

Turkey is member to:

- TIR system
- CMR Convention
- ADR
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road Transport
Largest Truck Fleet in Europe

TOTAL
TRUCK 45.450
LORRIES 16.280
TRAILER 3.106
SEMI-TRAILER 53.510
TANK TRAILER 1498
Number of Companies 1.488
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road Transport
Major routes
To the West:
- by road via Balkans
- by ro/ro services via Italy

To Russia and Central Asia (CIS)

- by various ro/ro services from Black Sea Ports to Russian
Ports
- by road via Iran
- by road via Georgia

To the Middle East, Near East and Gulf Countries:

- by road via Iran / Iraq / Syria / Jordan
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Road Transport
Foreign Trade on the Road

Value Of Goods By Road

100.000
90.000
80.000
70.000
60.000
50.000
40.000
30.000
20.000
10.000
0
Value 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
(.000) Years
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ro/Ro Operations
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Ro/Ro Operations

Nr.Of Trucks Used Ro/Ro (Export&Import)

1.600.000 1.440.746
1.479.843 1.477.851

1.400.000
1.200.000 1.149.145 1.148.594

1.001.340
1.000.000
Traffic 800.000
600.000
400.000
200.000
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Years
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport
Railway Network
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport

-Total length of the railways 10.984 km

- 21% is electrified (2.305 km)
- Private companies can operate their own freighter cars
- Monthly block train departures has reached to 3750
- 750 block trains for international operations
- 7 block train routes to Europe
- Automotive transportation by rail
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport

TCDD Cargo Valumes

3.500,000 3.099,870 3.215,417
2.906,496 3.002,951
3.000,000
2.500,000 2.358,84

Volumes 2.000,000
(Tons) 1.500,000
1.000,000
500,000
0,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Years
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Rail-Ferry Lines
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport

Two Major Projects:

- MARMARAY
Underground Connection between
Istanbul’s European and Asian sides

- BAKU / TBILISI / KARS

Railway Connection
of Anatolia with Caucasus
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport
Marmaray Project

- Rail tube-tınnel beneath

Bosphorus

- Linking Europe rail network to

Middle East and CIS

- Total length 1387m

- Planned to be in use by 2013

 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport
Baku/Tbilisi/Kars
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Railway Transport
Regional Route Development

1- Hopa – Batumi Railway Connection

2- Samsun – Poti Ferry Connection
3- Baku – Tbilisi – Kars Railway Connection
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Air Transport

- 19 Domestic Airports - 24 International

Airports
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Air Transport
-Total 17 Airlines acredited by Civil Aviation
- Representing fleet of 301 aircrafts
-78.651.367passengers / 1.595,699(including cargo,
baggage and mail) tons cargo

- Flag Carrier – TURKISH AIRLINES

- 130 Passenger plane / 4 Cargo plane
- Other Carriers
- MNG Airlines / 16 Cargo plane
- ACT Airlines / 7 Cargo plane
- ULS Airlines / 7 Cargo plane
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – Air Transport
Freight Volume
AIR FREIGHT TRAFFIC
Domestic International Total
2.000.000
1.500.000
Tons

1.000.000
500.000
0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Years

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Domestic 181.198 188.936 262.647 315.858 373.055 414.192 399.213 444.903

International 698.935 742.255 860.461 933.697 973.934 1.131.833 1.130.464 1.150.796

Total 880.133 931.191 1.123.108 1.249.555 1.346.989 1.546.025 1.529.677 1.595.699

*Cargo, Baggeges and mails

 TURKEY
LOGISTICS
Regional Cooperation Agreements

TRACECA – The New Silk Route

- Turkey is member to TRACECA Interstate–Programme
- And party to MLA, Basic Multilateral Agreement

ECO – Economic Cooperation Organization

- Transit Transport Framework Agreement

These agreements contain standards and regulations aimed at

the facilitation and harmonization of transit transport for the
signatories, including the republics of Central Asia.
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – TRACECA
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – ECO
ECOLPAF – ECO Logistics Providers Associations
Federation
 TURKEY
LOGISTICS – ECO
ECOLPAF – ECO Logistics Providers Associations
Federation

ECOLPAF is under establishment by:

- ICC, Istanbul Chamber of Commerce
- UTIKAD, Turkish Freight Forwarders and Logistics Service Providers Association

ECOLPAF’s Mission:
Representation of the vast majority of National Organisations of ECO
Freight Related Service Providers