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IO Z V IC H
I. GOLDBERG
G. YA N K O V SK Y
Государственные центральные курсы заочного обучения
иностранным языкам «ИН-ЯЗ»
Г. О. ИОЗВИЧ И. И. ГО Л ЬД БЕ РГ
Г. Н. ЯНКОВСКИЙ
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ язык
Учебное пособие для II курса
Иозвич Г. О. и др.
И75 Английский язык: Учеб. пособие для II курса / Г. О. Иоз
вич, И. И. Гольдберг, Г. Н. Янковский.— 4-е изд., дораб.— М.:
Просвещение, 1986.— 304 с.— В надзаг.: Гос. центр, курсы заоч.
обучения иностр. яз. «Ин-яз».
У чебное п особи е по английскому языку предназнач ено студен там II курса. О но со держ и т 14
уроков и рассчитано на первый сем естр обучения. В п особи е, помимо грам м атических и лекси
ческих объяснений и текстов, включены лексико-грам м атические упраж н ения, ключи для с а м о
контроля, а так ж е справочный м атериал и словарь.
СТРУКТУРА ПОСОБИЯ
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ УКАЗАНИЯ
Н аписание букв
П ечатны е буквы
Аа Aa
вь ВA
Сс С с С с,
Dd Dd Ж
Ее E e & *
Ff
Gg C o .
Hh И
гАь
Ii J K o f sC
Jj и
Kk 1C A x U
LI i.X £ Л
Mm m m У?Ъ / m ,
Nn T t tv Уъ л
Oo 0 a O ' O'
Pp PP
Qq
Qa £ &
Rr R. y i/ /г л .
Ss A A, J yds
Tt 3 -1 ьГ J
Uu LI u tC ло
Vv 1/ IT Sir
Ww
Wur sur
Xx
X% X X ,
Yy
y. y.
к v
Zz 9- f '
LESSON ONE THE FIRST LESSON
§ 2. Залог. Voice
В английском языке различают два залога: д е й с т в и т е л ь
ный з а л о г (Active Voice) и с т р а д а т е л ь н ы й з а л о г
(Passive Voice).
Действительный залог указывает на то, что лицо (или пред
мет), выраженное подлежащим, совершает действие.
We build many new houses every Мы строим много новых домов
year. каждый год.
Страдательный залог указывает на то, что лицо (или пред
мет), выраженное подлежащим, подвергается действию.
Many new houses are built every Много новых домов строится каж-
уеаг. дый год.
The bread is cut very thin by my Хлеб нарезан очень тонко моей
sister. • сестрой.
Не cut the bread with a knife. Он нарезал хлеб ножом.
Эти же предлоги of, to, by, with могут сохранять свое лек
сическое значение, и тогда они переводятся на русский язык
отдельными словами.
В ы раж ает падеж ны е отнош ения. С охр аняет свое л ексич еское зн ачен ие и пере
П редлог
Отдельным словом не переводится водится на русский язык предлогом
of Moscow is the capital of the She alw ays speaks of her son.
Soviet Union. Москва — сто Она всегда говорит о сыне.
лица Советского Союза. This ship is built of wood. Этот
корабль построен из дерева.
Not all of them came in time.
He все из них пришли вовремя.
to Give this book to your brother. This street leads to the centre. Эта
Дайте эту книгу вашему брату. улица ведет к центру.
Не went to the cinema. Он пошел
в кино.
11
by This book is w ritten by Pushkin. Come and sit by me. Подойди и по
Эта книга написана Пушки сиди около меня.
ным. I go by this house every day. Я про
хожу мимо этого дома каждый
день.
Не will return by the end of the
week. Он вернется к концу недели.
12
в) Форма множественного числа others другие заменяет су
ществительное во множественном числе. Оно может употреб
ляться с определенным артиклем или без него в зависимости от
ситуации в контексте.
Some people like tea, others prefer Некоторые люди любят чай, другие
coffee. предпочитают кофе.
Some of the students of our group Некоторые студенты нашей группы
are reading in the reading-room , the читают в читальном зале, другие пи-
others are writing. шут.
13
§ 7. Существительные в общем падеже
в функции определения и их перевод на русский язык
Существительное в общем падеже часто употребляется в
функции определения к другому существительному.
Когда определение выражено существительным без предлога,
оно ставится перед существительным, которое оно определяет:
a pocket watch карманные часы
a shoe departm ent обувной отдел (отдел обуви)
the Moscow metro московское метро
Leningrad University Ленинградский университет
Текст*
CHILDREN’S WORLD1
На пластинке урок 7.
20
• While he was walking through the toy department he met an
old friend of his.
VICTOR: Hello, Nick! What are you doing here in Moscow?
NICK: Hello, Victor! I’m so glad to meet you. I’m here on
vacation. I want to buy some things that Kate told me to buy.
VICTOR: And who is Kate?
NICK: Kate is my wife. We got married eight years ago in
Tomsk. We have two boys. One is seven, and the other is three.
VICTOR: And I am married to Mary. Our eldest son is younger
than yours. He is only six. Tomorrow is his birthday and I must
do some more shopping. Let’s do our shopping together.
Victor helped Nick to buy some shirts, socks, shoes and other
useful things. Nick also bought a red tie for his elder son and
some toys for the other boy.
At one o’clock it was raining hard and they decided to have
lunch. They went to the cafe on the third floor. After lunch they
did some more shopping together. Victor helped Nick to choose
a pocket watch.
VICTOR: Now, let’s go to my place.4
NICK: Excuse me, I can’t. I must be at the hotel at four b
means, and it is half past three.
VICTOR: Well, you have enough time. Go by metro, it is the
quickest means of city transport. But promise me to come to see
us tomorrow.
NICK: All right. I’ll come tomorrow by all means, good-bye. •
Shopping in L o n d o n 5
— Excuse me, how do I get to the shoe department?
. — Come this way, please. I’ll show you.
— Thank you.
* * *
21
Пояснения к тексту
1. Children’s World — Детский мир. В книжных заглавиях и
газетных заголовках артикли обычно опускаются, например:
Indian Camp (Е. Hemingway) — Индейский поселок (Э. Хемин
гуэй); Piano (William Saroyan) — Пианино (У. Сароян); Big
Store Fire on Television (M orning Star) — Пожар в большом ма
газине показан по телевидению (английская газета «Морнинг
Стар»).
2. a powerful air conditioning system — мощная установка
для кондиционирования воздуха (для регулирования влажности и
температуры воздуха)
3. and looked at a thousand and one things... — и смотрел на
массу вещей (дословно: на тысячу и один предмет — от назва
ния сборника арабских сказок «Тысяча и одна ночь»). В отли
чие от русского языка, в английском языке составные числитель
ные, оканчивающиеся на one, согласуются с существительными
и глаголами во множественном числе, например:
There are thirty-one days in May. В мае тридцать один день.
Our library received two hundred В прошлом месяце наша библиоте-
and sixty-one books last month. ка получила двести шестьдесят одну
книгу.
4. Let us go to my place. — Давай поедем ко мне (домой); зд.
place — дом, жилище
5. Shopping in London — Покупки в Лондоне
6. Eight = Size eight — английский размер обуви, соответствую
щий размеру 42 в нашей стране
Jokes
AT A BOOK SHO*
22
лифты; детские товары; воздух в залах свеж и прохладен; игру
шечная железная дорога; бесшумные эскалаторы; приводится
в действие электричеством; с этажа на этаж; подарок ко дню
рождения; продавец; прилавок с игрушками; отдел игрушек;
шел сильный дождь; мы поженились восемь лет назад; из одного
отдела в другой; делать покупки; ходить за покупками; сюда,
пожалуйста; какие ботинки вы хотите? какой размер? вот пара
вашего размера; они как раз моего размера; это все.
11 К. Переведите на русский язык.
1. Which is known as the Children’s World Store; 2. It is visited
by more than 250,000 customers a day. 3. Everything from chil
dren’s furniture to little toys is sold here. 4. Goods are carried up
and down from floor to floor. 5. The endless halls are lighted by
hundreds of electric lamps. 6. I’m here on vacation. 7. We got
married eight years ago. 8. I’m married to Mary. 9. Let us do our
shopping together. 10. Shoes and other useful things; 11. A red tie
for his elder son; 12. I must be at the hotel at four o’clock by all
means. 13. Excuse me, how do I get to the shoe department?
★ 12 К. Переведите письменно текст урока 1 на русский язык, начиная
со слов: Магу asked her husband to buy a birthday present ... и кончая сло
вами: ... he met an old friend of his.
★ 13 К. Откройте скобки, поставив глаголы в Present Indefinite в дей
ствительном или страдательном залоге (по смыслу).
1. When Nick (to come) to Moscow he always (to do) his shop
ping in the Children’s World Department Store. 2. This store (to
be) one of the biggest in Moscow. 3. The goods that (to sell) there
are very good. 4. In this store customers (to carry) from floor to
floor by escalator. 5. The air in the halls (to cool) in summer and
(to heat) in winter by a powerful air conditioning system. 6. The
machines there (to operate) by electricity. 7. The salesmen and
saleswomen always (to help) their customers to buy things that
fit them perfectly.
★ 14 К. Заполните пропуски местоимениями another, (the) other, (the)
others.
1. What is there on ... side of the page? 2. It is very hot today.
Have .\. glass of lemonade. 3. There were two boys in the room.
One of them was tall;t^..° was short. 4. Don’t take these^magazines,
I shall give you som e<>Фм>5 . J ^ f t my watch and some0../ things on
the shelf. 6. I must try ^ n _ coat, this is not my size. 7. These
goods will be sent by sea, 4..<?by,'air.
I Go S h o p p i n g
1. I needed ... a pair of shoes and so I went ... the new depart
ment store. 2. ... the corner ... the street I met my friend Victor.
3. He was going ... the store too. 4. He wanted to buy a pair ...
shoes ... his son. 5. Victor promised to help me to do the shopping
... this big store. 6. He took me ... the shoe department ... the
third floor. 7. The salesman ... the shoe counter asked, “What is
your size?” I answered, “Forty-one.” 8. ... a minute the salesman
brought me a pair ... good strong shoes. 9. I tried them ... , they fit
ted me perfectly and I bought them.
18 К. Заполните пропуски в зависимости от смысла словами из списка.
Глаголы поставьте в соответствующей форме.
(electricity, counter, shirt, transport, to fit, price, to carry,
to excuse, cool, custom ers, means, kind, goods, departm ent store,
to promise)
1. Yesterday Nick ... to come to see us soon. 2. This pair of
gloves ... me perfectly. 3. I met Ann at the ... of a big department
store some days ago. 4. The lazy boy did not like work of any ... .
5. The day was hot but the ... felt very comfortable in the ... halls
of the big store. 6. The ... of the present was rather high but I had
no time to look for another present. 7. ... me but I could not come
to see you yesterday. 8. This department store sells ... of all kinds.
9. He always wears a white ... when he goes to the theatre.
10. I needed a new hat and went to the ........ at the corner of our
street. 11. The Negro boy ... goods for the customers. 12. It was
the only ... to help his family. 13. ... lights our streets. 14. Airplanes
are the quickest means of ... .
19 К. Замените выделенные слова или словосочетания подходящими по
смыслу словами и словосочетаниями из текста урока.
1. This store has more children’s goods than any other store
of this kind in Moscow. 2. He went from one department to another
24
and looked at a lot of things on the counters. 3. He saw different
toys and at last decided to buy a toy railway. 4. I am so pleased to
meet you. 5. Kate is my wife. I married her eight years ago.
6. Please show me the way to the shoe department. 7. Oh, they are
just the right size.
★ 20 К. Переведите на английский язык.
а) 1. Эскалаторы приводятся в действие электричеством.
2. Здесь продается детская мебель. 3. Она любит ходить из од
ного отдела в другой. 4. Детям нравится ездить вверх и вниз на
эскалаторе. 5. Эскалаторы более удобны, чем лифты. 6. При
мерьте эти туфли, они как раз вашего размера. 7. Он обещал
навестить нас завтра. 8. Какой размер перчаток вы носите? Мой
размер восемь.
б) 1. Это пальто прекрасно *на вас сидит. Когда вы его ку
пили? — Я купила его неделю тому назад в большом универ
сальном магазине на нашей улице.
2. Я должна сделать кое-какие покупки сегодня.— Что вы хо
тите купить? — Я хочу купить платье для дочери.— Я тоже хочу
купить платье. Пойдемте вместе в универсальный магазин.
3. Покажите это платье, пожалуйста. Оно очень милое.
Я хочу примерить его.— Пройдите, пожалуйста, сюда. Платье
отлично сидит на вас.— Это как раз мой размер, и оно очень
удобное. Я возьму его.
21. Прочтите вслух вопросы и ответьте устно на них.
1. Is the Children’s Department Store visited by many custom
ers? 2. What kind of goods does this store sell? 3; How are the
halls of the store lighted? 4. What kind of escalators are there in
the store? 5. Why are escalators more convenient than lifts? 6. For
whom did Mary ask Victor to buy a birthday present? 7. How old
were their two boys? 8. What store did Victor promise Mary to go
to? 9. At what counter did Victor finally stop? 10. What is the toy
railway operated by? 11. Who was Kate? 12. What did Victor help
Nick to buy? 13. Where did the friends have lunch? 14. What did
the friends do after lunch?
22. Расскажите об одном из ваших посещений универсального магазина.
Используйте следующие слова и словосочетания:
department store; counter; customer; price; to do shopping;
this way, please; excuse me; a bigger choice; a bigger (smaller)
size; rather comfortable; just my size; to try on; to fit perfectly;
saleswoman; a lot of goods; my size is; useful; nice.
* * *
25
LESSON TWO THE SECOND LESSON
30
She will have to learn this rule by Она должна будет (ей нужно будет,
heart. надо будет, придется) выучить это пра
вило наизусть.
Вопросительная и отрицательная формы Present и Past In
definite образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола to do
в соответствующем времени.
Do you have to go there every day? Должны ли вы ходить туда каждый
день? (Нужно ли вам...)
You don’t have to go there every day. Вам не нужно ходить туда каждый
день. (Вам нет необходимости, Вы не
Did you have to walk to work yes- g aM ПрИШЛ0СЬ вчера пойти пешком на
terday? работу?
They didn’t have to walk to work yester- Им не нужно было (не пришлось)
day. вчера идти пешком на работу.
Сочетание had (to) с последующим инфинитивом указывает
на то, что действие действительно было выполнено.
"к Упражнение 5 К. Переведите на русский язык.
1. We had to work last night. 2. They will have to work next
Sunday. 3. We have to work hard on our English. 4. Mary will
have to go shopping again in a few days. 5. She had to come to
the office early that day.
★ Упражнение 6 К. Напишите следующие предложения: а) в вопроситель
ной форме; б) в отрицательной форме.
1. They had to work on Sunday. 2. Mary will have to buy a new
hat. 3. She had to go shopping after breakfast. 4. Ann has to write
a letter to her sister at once. 5. John has to go to the department
store today. 6. They will have to go to work early tomorrow.
Упражнение 7 К. Напишите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени.
1. We must do our lesson more carefully. 2. Must they read
this book? 3. Kate must learn this poem by heart. 4. Must Victor
go to Kiev? 5. I must buy a new tie. 6. She must write a letter
to her friend.
31
We are not able to do it. 1 Мы не можем (не в состоянии) сде
We are unable to do it. J лать это.
She was able to see the new film. Она смогла посмотреть новый фильм.
Were they able to finish their work Они смогли (сумели) закончить свою
last night? работу вчера вечером?
We were not able to find him. 1 Мы не смогли (не были в состоянии)
We were unable to find him J найти его.
I shall be able to buy these gloves Я смогу (буду в состоянии) купить
tomorrow. эти перчатки завтра.
Will they be able to come tonight? Они будут в состоянии (смогут ли
они) прийти сегодня вечером?
They won’t be able to do it. \ Они не смогут (не будут в состоянии)
They will be unable to do it.J сделать это.
32
Will you take this tie or that one? Вы возьмете этот галстук или тот
(галстук)?
I don’t like this suit. Show me Этот костюм мне не нравится, пока-
another one, please. жите мне, пожалуйста, другой.
There are several m agazines on the На столе несколько журналов, кото-
table, which ones do you w ant to read? рые из них вы хотите почитать?
2 Заказ 223 33
б) после глагола to be:
Не is also here. Он тоже здесь.
Is he also here? Он тоже здесь?
Текст
SHOPPING IN MOSCOW
На пластинке урок 8.
2* 35
it either. I bought a white cotton blouse which is now in fashion.
I’ll be able to wear it with my black skirt. I also bought a wool
len sport jacket. I liked it so much that I bought another one for
you. I hope you will like it too. Mine is grey and yours is dark
green and I hope it will fit you. The colour is also in fashion.
In another department a nice winter coat was shown to us.
I was not able to buy it because it was too expensive for me.
My friend Tanya bought it. Then I was offered another coat which
was much cheaper than the first one. The price was something
that I could afford. The c o a t , fitted me perfectly and I decided
to buy it. It is getting cold in Moscow and I’ll need it pretty
soon.
Oh, yes, I still have to buy another hat which I’ll wear with my
new coat. I also need another pair of gloves. I’ll have to go shop
ping next week again, because tomorrow all the shops will be
closed. Yesterday I was too tired and was not able to go to another
shop. I had to return to the hotel and have a rest.
Please write to me as soon as possible!. Don’t forget that we’ll
be sent to the conference in Kiev very soon. This conference is
much spoken about. The first report will be made by professor
Borisov. He will explain to us how the new machines work.
My best regards to everybody.
Yours sincerely,
Kate.
• Shopping in L o n d o n
Пояснения к тексту
1. Dear в письмах на английском языке является формулой
обращения. В личном письме dear означает дорогой, а в офи
36
циальном деловом письме dear — уважаемый: Dear Ann, ... Д о
рогая Анна! Dear Mr. Smith, ... Уважаемый мистер Смит!
После обращения в английском письме ставится запятая, а не
восклицательный знак, как в русском письме, после запятой сле
дующая строка письма начинается с заглавной буквы.
В личных письмах принято заканчивать письмо словами: Му
best regards to ... (your parents, brother, everybody, etc.), Привет
... (родителям, брату, всем и т. п.), Yours sincerely,— Искренно
Ваш (твой).
После заключительных слов письма, непосредственно перед
подписью, ставится запятая.
2. This way, please.— Сюда, пожалуйста.
A Joke
POOR MEMORY
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 2
12. Прочтите текст урока дважды. Сначала про себя, стараясь понять его
общее содержание, а затем вслух и переведите его устно на русский язык.
13. Отработайте чтение отрывка текста, записанного на грампластинку.
14 К. Переведите следующие предложения и словосочетания на русский язык.
1. shopping in Moscow; 2. all the other days of the week;
3. Tanya and I went to do some shopping. 4. not far from; 5. the
latest fashions; 6. I did not like it either. 7. I was offered another
coat. 8. I also need another pair of gloves. 9. How do I get to the
glove department? 10. It’s on the left. 11. What size do you wear?
12. They are just my size. 13. This pair will do. 14. This way,
please. 15. That lift will take you to the fourth floor.
★ 15 К. Переведите текст урока 2 письменно, начиная со слов: In another
department a nice ... и кончая словами: Yours sincerely, Kate.
16 К. Замените действительный оборот страдательным. Дайте два варианта,
где это указано.
1. The doctor sent Peter to the country for summer. 2. The
saleswoman showed Mary a nice blouse (2). 3. Mary bought a new
hat last week. 4. The saleswoman measured M ary’s head. 5. They
gave us new gloves (2). 6. They made a very nice hat for Mary.
7. The saleswoman offered us some dresses in the latest fashion
(2). 8. Did she leave her new jacket in the wardrobe? 9. Did
Mary buy that blouse yesterday?
37
★ 17 К. Переведите на английский язык предложения при помощи стра
дательного оборота.
1. Меня послали за доктором. 2. За доктором послали не
сколько минут назад. 3. Девушкам показали нейлоновые блузки,
(два варианта) 4. Катя купила синюю юбку и белую блузку для
своей маленькой сестры. 5. Маленькому мальчику обещали но
вую игрушку, (два варианта) 6. Когда купили эту шерстяную
куртку? 7. В этом магазине тысячи людей перевозятся эскалато
рами каждый день.
★ 18 К. Замените страдательные обороты действительными.
1. The money was paid by Kate at the counter. 2. The news
paper was left on the table by Mary. 3. A new foreign language
will be studied by our students next year. 4. Peter was shown
a toy railway by Nick.
i f 19 К. Переведите на английский язык.
40
§18. Будущее продолженное время.
Future Continuous
У твердительное Вопросительное О трицательное
п р едлож ен ие п р едл ож ен ие п р едл ож ен ие
б) Инфинитивом.
Определение, выраженное инфинитивом, переводится на рус
ский язык либо инфинитивом, либо существительным, либо опре
делительным придаточным предложением.
She gave the boy a cup of milk to Она дала мальчику выпить чашку
drink. молока.
The conference to take place in Kiev Конференция, которая состоится в
is very im portant. Киеве, очень важная.
Here is the article to be translated Вот статья для перевода (которую
into English. нужно перевести) на английский язык.
She chose a pair of gloves to wear Она выбрала пару перчаток, которые
with her new coat. она будет (сможет) носить с новым
пальто.
в) Причастным оборотом.
They were given a table standing near Им дали столик, стоявший (который
the window. стоял) около окна.
Не took the book lying on thetable. Он взял книгу, лежавшую (которая
лежала) на столе.
The boy dressed in his best clothes Мальчика, одетого в лучшее платье,
w as taken for a walk. повели на прогулку.
42
Упражнение 4 К. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Have you any English books to read? 2. The new store to be
built in our street will be very large. 3. He was the only man to
come by bus. 4. He was not the only one to offer his help. 5. We
saw a wide stairs leading to the second floor. 6. The article de
scribing the football match is very interesting. 7. All the books
taken from the library must be returned before the holidays.
8. People dressed in winter coats were walking on the other side
of the street.
43
1. She wore a long coat and a black hat. 2. My sister and my
parents were pleased with the news. 3. My brother likes blue and
green ties. 4. They could go to the club and the cinema that eve
ning. 5. He could ask and answer questions in Italian.
1. Neither the grey nor the brown dress (fits, fit) you. 2. Either
he or his wife (is, are) at home now. 3. Neither Ann nor the
children (was, were) at home. 4. Neither my sister nor I (am, are)
busy in the evening. 5. Neither Betsy nor Bill (was, were) pleased
with the conversation. 6. Either Victor or his friends (comes, come)
to see us every Sunday. 7. Neither you nor they (knows, know) it.
8. Either my book or yours (was, were) lost yesterday.
44
Слова и словосочетания к тексту
button ['bAtn] п пуговица
crowd [kraud] п толпа, множество, масса (кого-л.)
crowd [kraud] v толпиться, собираться толпой
е. g. The pupils crowded round the teacher. Ученики толпи
лись вокруг учителя.
w. comb, to be crowded (with) быть полным народу, наби
ваться битком, заполнять до предела.
е. g. The lecture hall was crowded with students. Аудитория
была битком набита студентами,
dollar ['dola] п доллар (100 центов)
dressmaker f'dres.meika] п портниха
drop [drop] v (-рр-) ронять
е. g. She dropped her cup and broke it last night. Она уро
нила вчера вечером свою чашку и разбила ее.
w. comb, drop in зайти, заглянуть (к кому-л.)
е. g. Drop in any time tomorrow and I shall give you my
dictionary. Зайдите в любое время завтра, и я дам вам
свой словарь.
w. comb, to drop in on a person зайти к кому-либо (без
предупреждения)
е. g. Не drops in on me very often. Он очень часто заходит
ко мне.
w. comb, to drop in at a place заходить куда-либо
e. g. On my way home I’ll drop in at the library and take the
books. По дороге домой я зайду в библиотеку и возьму
книги.
either ... or ['а 1 бэ...э:] conj или ... или
first [fa:st] adv сначала, сперва, в первую очередь (при перечис
лении)
е. g. First read the article, and then translate it into English.
Сначала прочтите статью, а затем переведите ее на
английский язык.
at first сначала, первое время (при противопоставлении)
е. g. At first Victor couldn’t swim at all, but now he swims
' quite well. Сначала (первое время) Виктор совсем не
умел плавать, а теперь он плавает хорошо,
fitting room ['fitigrum] п примерочная (комната)'
hairdresser ['he9,dres9] п парикмахер
hairdresser’s (shop) парикмахерская (обычно женская)
hello ['he'lou] int (тж. hallo, hullo) Алло! Привет!
help [help] v помогать
w. comb, to help smb. on (off) with a coat (jacket), etc. по
мочь кому-л. надеть (снять) пальто, жакет и т. п.
е. g. Let me help you on (off) with your coat. Позвольте мне
помочь вам надеть (снять) пальто;
mile [mail] ti миля (= 1609 м)
mind [maind] ti ум; мнение, мысль
45
w. comb, to change one's mind передумать, изменить свое
решение (мнение)
е. g. I hope you won’t change your mind. Я надеюсь, что вы
не передумаете.
w. comb, to make up one’s mind решить (ся) (сделать что-л.)
е. g. Не made up his mind to go there at once. Он решил по
ехать туда немедленно.
Если подлежащее имеет форму множественного числа,
то в этих сочетаниях mind также имеет форму множе
ственного числа.
They made up their minds to meet on Sunday. Они ре
шили встретиться в воскресенье.
syn. to decide v решить (принять решение)
neither ['па 1 бэ] ргоп ни один; ни тот ни другой
е. g. Neither of them could swim. Ни один из них не умел
плавать.
neither ... nor ['па 1 бэ...пэ:] conj ни ... ни
part [pout] v расставаться, расходиться
е. g. Let us part friends. Расстанемся друзьями.
ant. to meet [mi:t] v (past, p. p. met) встречать (ся)
perhaps [pa'haeps] adv может быть, возможно
e. g. I shall perhaps see him tomorrow. Я, возможно (может
быть), увижу его завтра.
syn. maybe ['meibi:] adv может быть
е. g. Maybe (perhaps) he left for Kiev yesterday. Может
быть, он уехал вчера в Киев,
pick up ['pik'Ap] v поднимать (с полу, с земли); подобрать не
тяжелый предмет
е. g. The boy picked up the ball and ran to the yard. Маль
чик поднял мяч и побежал во двор.
ant. drop v ронять
reach [ri:tj] v достигать, доходить; доезжать, добираться (до).
После глагола reach предлог отсутствует.
е. g. We reached the station early in the morning. Мы добра
лись до станции рано утром.
syn. to get v (past, p. p. got) добираться, доезжать; дости
гать (места)
е. g. When we got home it was already dark. Когда мы до
брались домой (пришли домой), было уже темно.
It takes me ten minutes to get to the factory. Мне нужно
десять минут, чтобы добраться до завода,
ring up ['пд'лр] v (past rang up ['гэед'лр], p. p. rung up ['глд'лр])
звонить; звонить по телефону. Обратите внимание на
место послелога в примерах:
е. g. Ring me up tomorrow morning. Позвоните мне завтра
утром (дополнение выражено местоимением).
Ring up Peter in a few days. Позвоните Питеру через
несколько дней (дополнение выражено существитель
ным).
46
syn. to telephone ['telifoun] v звонить по телефону
e. g. Let him telephone me at once. Пусть он позвонит мне
по телефону немедленно,
shorten ['jb:tn] v укорачивать(ся); сокращать(ся)
На пластинке урок 9.
47
Текст
A BIRTHDAY PRESENT
Betsy had some money to spend. She got a nice birthday pres
ent from her husband Bill. She made up her mind to buy a spring
dress and a nice pair of shoes. There were some other things to
buy too. Betsy left the house after lunch. She walked for some
time, and finally reached the Fair Store1 with crowds of customers.
It is one of the largest department stores in Chicago always
crowded with people.
Betsy went from one department to another. Finally she came
to the department where dresses were sold. She saw a nice brown
dress with large white buttons that were in fashion that spring. At
first she wanted to try it on, but then she changed her mind. Its
price was ten dollars. It was rather expensive for Betsy. She could
not make up her mind to buy it, and she decided to ask Bill. Betsy
left the store and rang up Bill. It was almost five o’clock. She
went to Bill’s office which was only half an hour’s walk from the
store. She wanted to drop in at the office but when she came up to
the building Bill was already standing at the corner.
“Hello,” he said, “where is the dress?”
“Oh, Bill, I saw a dress I liked so much! But it was too expen
sive, I couldn’t make up my mind to buy it. Let’s go to Partridge’s2
together.”
“But first let’s have dinner,” said Bill. “We can go to that small
restaurant at the corner of Main Street.3 It’s only half a mile’s
walk from here, and it’s never crowded at this time of the day.”
At first they couldn’t make up their minds what to do, but then
they decided to have dinner. In ten minutes’ time they entered the
restaurant at the corner of Main Street. They were given a table
standing near the window. At first neither Betsy nor Bill liked the
place, but then music began to play and they could see the gay
crowd.4 The meal was very tasty. After dinner they went to P a r
tridge’s together.
In the store they found the department where dresses were sold.
The saleswoman standing behind the counter said:
“What can I do for you?”5
“Please show me a woollen dress, not too expensive.”
“What colour do you prefer?”
“ I prefer either grey or brown, but not too dark.”
She was shown two dresses, but she liked neither of them.
“I’ll find you some others and then perhaps you will try them
on,” said the saleswoman.
“I think I’ll try on this brown dress with white buttons,” said
Betsy.
“Please come into the fitting room.”
The saleswoman helped her on with the dress. It fitted per
fectly, but Betsy found it too long.
48
“I like the colour of the dress, and I think it fits me very well,
but it must be shortened. I think you will have to make it a little
shorter,” said Betsy.
“Oh, th at’s a simple matter. I’ll call the dressmaker and she’ll
do it.”
“When can I have it?” asked Betsy.
“It will be shortened and ready the day after tomorrow, any
time in the morning,” said the dressmaker.
“I’ll be passing your store the day after tomorrow, so I’ll drop
in between twelve and one.”
“All right, madam. We’ll be waiting for you.”
“Now pay for it,” said Bill.
Betsy paid the money and they left the store.
“Now I have Jo buy a pair of shoes to wear with my new
dress,” Betsy said. From Partridge’s they went to a shoe store
where Betsy was offered some nice shoes. She chose a pair of
brown shoes. With the rest of the money she bought a pair of
brown gloves to wear with her new dress and two pairs of stock
ings.
Just as Betsy and Bill went out into the crowded street Betsy
dropped the box with her shoes. Bill picked it up. At the corner
they parted. Bill went home, and Betsy hurried to the hairdresser’s.
(Based on Theodore Dreiser)
Пояснения к тексту
1. The Fair Store [fta'fea'sto:] «Ярмарка» — название магазина
2. Partridge’s = Partridge’s store — магазин Партриджа. P a r t
ridge ['poutrid3 ] Партридж, фамилия владельца. Перед назва
нием магазина артикль отсутствует, так как существительное
в притяжательном падеже имя собственное.
3. Main Street ['meinstrbt] Мэйн Стрит — название улицы
4. the gay crowd — зд. веселая публика
5. What can I do for you? разг. — Что вам угодно? Чем могу
быть полезен (полезна)?
A Joke
HARD CHOPS
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 3
9. Прочтите текст урока дважды. Сначала про себя, стараясь понять его
общее содержание, затем во второй раз и переведите его на русский язык.
10. Отработайте чтение отрывка текста, записанного на грампластинку.
49
★ 11. Найдите в тексте урока слова и словосочетания, соответствующие
следующим:
она решила купить весеннее платье; и наконец добралась до
магазина; всегда заполненный людьми; большие белые пугови
цы; но затем она передумала; оно было довольно дорогое; она
позвонила по телефону Билу; она хотела зайти в контору; когда
она подошла к зданию; я не могла решиться; сначала давай по
обедаем; ей не понравилось ни одно из них; продавщица помогла
ей надеть платье; примерочная комната; портниха; в любое вре
мя утром; я зайду между двенадцатью и часом; Бетси уронила
коробку с туфлями; на углу они расстались; она поспешила в
парикмахерскую.
12 К. Переведите следующие предложения и словосочетания на русский язык.
1. at first she wanted to try it on; 2. she could not make up her
mind to buy it; 3. which was only half an hour’s walk from the
store; 4. it’s only half a mile’s walk from here; 5. neither Betsy nor
Bill liked the place; 6. but she liked neither of them; 7. the depart
ment where dresses were sold; 8. What can I do for you? 9. the
saleswoman helped her on with the dress; 10. it must be shortened;
11. th a t’s a simple matter; 12. it will be shortened and ready;
13. I’ll be passing your store; 14. I’ll drop in between twelve and
one; 15. with the rest of the money she bought; 16. Bill picked up
the box; 17. at the corner they parted.
★ 13 К. Переведите текст урока 3 письменно, начиная со слов: “ Hello/'
he said, “where is the dress?” и кончая словами: . . . the department where
dresses were sold.
14 К. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Завтра в это время мы будем отдыхать за городом. 2. Во
вторник в 6 часов я буду готовить уроки по английскому языку.
3. На следующей неделе в это время мы будем слушать лекцию
по английской грамматике.
★ 15 К. Переведите на английский язык предложения, обращая внимание
на перевод слова „сначала“.
1. Сначала я хотела пойти в кино, но затем решила пойти
в библиотеку. 2. Ты можешь пойти гулять, но сначала сделай
это упражнение. 3. Сначала прими душ и переоденься, а затем
мы пообедаем. 4. В воскресенье я загляну сначала к Виктору,
а затем поеду в парк.
★ 16 К. Заполните пропуски предлогами или наречиями, где это необхо
димо.
My Vi s i t to a D e p a r t m e n t Store
to make up one’s mind, to buy, to meet, to go from one depart
ment to another, to be sold, to be shown, to be in fashion, rather
51
expensive, cheap, to change one’s mind, to be crowded, crowds of
customers, counters, saleswomen, to help on (off) with, to leave
the store, any time, to part.
★ 22 К. Замените действительный оборот страдательным. Дайте два ва
рианта, где это указано.
1. Mother gave me some hot tea (2). 2. Victor gave the first
lesson yesterday. 3. She teaches French. 4. The old woman told
Mary many interesting facts (2). 5. We saw them here yesterday.
6. Everybody will see the picture soon. 7. They will tell him to
do it at once. 8. They pay him money for his work (2).
★ 23 К. Напишите следующие предложения в действительном залоге, внесите
все необходимые изменения.
1. All birthday presents are kept by my little daughter on her
shelf. 2. Several new shops were opened by the City Soviet on the
outskirts of the town. 3. Hundreds of birthday presents are sold
by this store every day. 4. I was promised this book by my eldest
sister. 5. Leningrad is divided by the Neva into two parts.
24 К. Напишите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени (см. § 13).
1. We must do our lessons more carefully. 2. They must read
this book too. 3. Must Victor go to Kiev? 4. He must not go there.
25 К. Напишите следующие предложения в будущем времени (см. § 14).
1. Магу can go to the dressm aker’s to try on her new dress.
2. She cannot afford this dress. 3. Can they translate this article?
26 К. Поставьте вместо точек наречия also, too или either.
1. My friend cannot afford to buy such an expensive dress ... .
2. He is ... dressed in the latest fashion. 3. She bought a white
blouse ... . 4. This woollen dress is not so cheap ... . 5. This sport
jacket is not my size. I can’t wear it ... . 6. These dresses are in
fashion ... . 7. The big store is ... on the left side.
Locked In (Взаперти)
On Saturday evening two girls, Alice and Garnet were reading
books at the library. Garnet (to finish) her story and (to ask),
“What time it (to be)?” Alice said, “I (to ask) Miss Kennedy, I
(to think) it (to be) late,” Then she (to call) loudly, “Garnet,
there (to be) nobody here!” Garnet (to jump) from the chair and
(to enter) the next room. It was true. There (to be) nobody in the
53
library. Garn£t (to run) to the door. It (to lock). They (to try)
to open the windows, but the girls (not+ ..can) open them. The
back door (to lock) too. ^ '
'W M ( '
XI. Поставьте вместо точек требуемые по смыслу местоимения one
(ones).
1. Is this dress shorter than that ... ? 2. I don’t like this hat,
show me another ... . 3. I want to buy some socks, but the grey ...
are too expensive, they won’t do. 4. Which of the shoes do you
prefer, the black shoes or the brown ... ?
XII. Напишите следующие предложения в отрицательной форме, внесите все
необходимые изменения.
1. She also likes nylon dresses. 2. He is able to hear her too.
3. This book is interesting too.
XIII. Переведите на английский язык, а) Используйте страдательный залог,
дайте два варианта, где это указано.
1. Тысячи людей посещают этот магазин каждый день. 2. На
втором этаже продавались различные товары. 3. Бетси показали
несколько платьев (2 вар.). 4. На окраине города будет открыто
много новых магазинов в будущем году.
б) Используйте парные союзы neither...nor, either...or.
1. Я не купил ни ботинок, ни носков в этом магазине вчера
(2 вар.). 2. Я куплю или коричневое, или синее платье завтра.
3. Они не приехали ни в субботу, ни в воскресенье (2 вар.).
в) Используйте наречия first и at first.
1. Сначала мы пойдем в обувной магазин, а затем в Дет
ский мир. 2. Сперва Бетси пошла в парикмахерскую, а затем по
спешила домой. 3. Первое время она читала английские книги
с помощью словаря, а теперь она читает их без словаря.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1 (Б )
Locked In
“What we (to do )? ” said Alice and she (to begin) to cry. She
(still + to cry) when Garnet (to ask), “You (to know) that it (to
be) Saturday. Then we (to have) to be here till Monday. We
(to die) of hunger.”
It (to get) dark. There (to be) neither a telephone nor an
electric light in the library. The girls (to come up) to Miss Ken
nedy’s desk. It (not + to lock). They (to find) a big piece of choc
olate in it. The girls (to take) the chocolate and (to sit) down at
the window and (to eat) the chocolate. Now they (to feel) a little
happier.
55
XI. Поставьте вместо точек требуемые по смыслу местоимения one (ones).
1. These two ties are very bad, I like neither this ... nor that
... . 2. I don’t like brown shoes, show me some black ... . 3. Is this
man taller than that ... ? 4. This pencil is too soft, give me
another ... .
XII. Напишите следующие предложения в отрицательной форме, внесите все
необходимые изменения.
1. They like to listen to the radio too. 2.She is also an English
teacher. 3. He can also play this game.
XIII. Переведите на английский язык, а) Используйте страдательный залог,
дайте два варианта, где это указано.
1. В этом магазине продаются платья и обувь. 2. В том ма
газине продают детские товары. 3. Ей предложили коричневые
туфли (2 вар.). 4. Сотни поездов привозят различные товары в
столицу каждый день.
б) Используйте парные союзы neither...nor, either...or.
1. Бил не мог выбрать ни галстука, ни сорочки (2 вар.).
2. В воскресенье мы пойдем в кино или в театр. 3. Он не нашел
ее тетради ни на столе, ни на книжной полке.
в) Используйте наречия first и at first.
1. Сначала ей не понравилось это платье, но потом она пере
думала и купила его. 2. Сначала Бетси выбрала материал, по
том пошла к портнихе. 3. Первое время она не умела говорить
по-английски, а теперь она говорит довольно хорошо.
LESSON FOUR THE FOURTH LESSON
I have seen this film. Have I seen this film? I have not seen this film.
He (she) has seen this Has he (she) seen this He (she) has not seen
film. film? this film.
We (you, they) have seen Have we (you, they) We (you, they) have not
this film. seen this film? seen this film.
58
в) Сочетанием how long сколько времени, как долго:
How long have you lived in Mos- Сколько времени вы живете в Мо-
COW ? скве?
II
Вопрос
п одтверж даю щ ий отрицаю щ ий
вы сказы вание вы сказы вание
You are not tired, are you? Вы не No, I am not. Yes, I am.
устали, не правда ли? Д а, не устала. Нет, устала.
Vera won’t come tonight, will she? No, she w on’t. Yes, she will.
Вера не придет сегодня вечером,
не правда ли? Д а, не придет. Нет, придет.
You don’t w ant to go to the cinema, No, I don’t. Yes, I do.
do you? Вы не хотите пойти в кино,
не так ли? Д а, не хочу. Нет, хочу.
Anna hasn’t read this article, has she? No, she h asn ’t. Yes, she has.
Анна не читала этой статьи, не так
ли? Да, не читала. Нет, читала.
There are not many people in the No, there a ren ’t. Yes, there are.
cafe, are there? В кафе немного
народу, не правда ли? Д а, немного. Нет, много.
1. This is your radio set, isn’t it? 2. There aren’t two windows in
your room, are there? 3. They have a TV set, haven’t they? 4. You
can’t speak French, can you? 5. You haven’t bought a new coat,
have you? 6. They have been to the Crimea, haven’t they?
:к Упражнение 6 К. Закончите следующие предложения, образуя расчленен
ные вопросы.
1. It is not pleasant to swim on a rainy day... 2. You won’t go
to the South this summer... 3. Her gloves are brown... 4. They did
not go on an excursion on Sunday... 5. She likes winter sport...
6. Bob cannot swim ... . 7. Lizzie is a pretty girl... 8. Victor doesn’t
speak French... 9. Mother is waiting for us... 10. She has read
this book...
63
§ 27. Обозначение хронологических дат
Годы в английском языке при чтении обозначаются количе
ственными числительными, а не порядковыми числительными, как
в русском. Числительные, обозначающие годы, читаются сле
дующим образом:
1968 — nineteen hundred and sixty-Тысяча девятьсот шестьде
eight, разг. nineteen sixty-eight мой год.
1917 — nineteen hundred and sev- Тысяча девятьсот семнадцатый год.
enteen, разг. nineteen seventeen
1900— nineteen hundred Тысяча девятисотый год.
1905 — nineteen hundred and five, Тысяча девятьсот пятый год.
разг. nineteen five или: ['nainti:n'ou'faiv]
Тексты
TIME AND SEASONS
3* 67
If we want to mention the year, we say for example, the year
nineteen hundred and sixty-seven or nineteen sixty-seven (1967),
or nineteen hundred (1900), or nineteen five (1905), or nineteen
seventeen (1917).
Every year is also divided into four seasons: spring, summer,
autumn and winter. Summer and early autumn are usually the
best seasons and people go to the country for their holidays.
PROVERBS
Jokes
SIX CLOCKS
Задания к стихотворению
1. Прочтите стихотворение вслух, добейтесь правильного чте
ния.
2. Переведите стихотворение устно на русский язык и срав
ните свой перевод с литературным переводом.
3. Выучите английское стихотворение наизусть.
69
P oem
Пояснения к стихотворению
1. But different folk have different views... Но у разных лю
дей различные взгляды...
2. She sends ’em abroad on her own affairs... Она посылает их
повсюду по своим собственным делам..., ’em — поэтическое сокра
щение от them.
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 4
9. Прочтите текст урока дважды. Сначала про себя, стараясь понять его
общее содержание, затем во второй раз вслух и переведите его устно на рус
ский язык.
10. Отработайте чтение отрывка текста, записанного на пластинку.
11 К. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания на русский язык:
1. I have taken a month’s holiday; 2. a great deal; 3. there are
many signs of coming winter; 4. I’ve never seen Leningrad in early
spring either. 5. juicy pears; 6. water-melons and grapes; 7. I’m
sure; 8. I prefer hot weather.
★ 12 К. Переведите текст урока 4, начиная со слов: Time flies... и кончая
словами: Don’t mention it.
★ 13 К. Поставьте специальные вопросы к отдельным членам предложения
и один общий вопрос (всего 5 вопросов).
They have seen many beautiful places in the Crimea.
★ 14 К. Поставьте по два альтернативных вопроса к каждому предложению.
1. They have lived in this house ... (1950, the last fifteen
years). 2. We have not seen Nick ... (Saturday, a week). 3. It
hasn’t rained here ... (more than a week, August). 4. They have
not travelled by plane ... (1957, the last ten years). 5. I have not
eaten such juicy pears ... (childhood, a long time).
★ 17 К. Откройте скобки, поставив по смыслу глаголы в Past Indefinite
или Present Perfect.
1. Your sister (to come) to Moscow? — No, she (not to come)
yet. 2. You (to meet) your parents? — Yes, I have. When they (to
arrive)? — They (to arrive) an hour ago. 3. I (not to see) the new
film yet. Let’s go and see it together. 4. I (to know) Ann for five
years, I (to know) her since she (to move) to our house in 1962.
5. I (to meet) Peter several times since last Friday. 6. You (to
read) the new book by T? — Yes, I have. When you (to read) it? —
I (to read) it last week. 7. How long you (to be) here? — I (al
ready to be) here for twenty minutes.
Summer Holiday
1. I have made ... my mind to go ... my holiday ... the South
this summer. 2. I shall go there ... plane. 3. I have never flown and
I shall make this first trip ... air ... pleasure. 4. Modern planes are
very comfortable, the temperature ... the plane is usually 18 or
20 degrees ... zero because such planes have an air-conditioning
system. 5. The plane is the quickest means ... transport. 6. I have
never been ... Sochi and I hope I’ll enjoy my holiday ... there.
19 К. Заполните пропуски словами из списка по смыслу. Глаголы по
ставьте в соответствующем времени.
(at midnight, to be obliged, calendar, century, degree, for in
stance, frost, a great deal of, to intend, sign, temperature, with
pleasure, work-day, zero)
1. He spends ... money on books. 2. I ran into the room but
72
there was no ... of him. 3. The boy fell ill and he had a very high
... . 4. The Soviet Union has many large rivers ... the Volga, the
Lena. 5. His ... sometimes begins at midnight. 6. I don’t like it
when the temperature drops below ... . 7. Ann looked very sad and
we all felt we ... to help her. 8. They ... to go to the country last
summer. 9. He worked hard the whole day and came home only
... . 10. I asked Victor to help me and he did it . . . . 11. We had
five ... of frost last night. 12. There was a very heavy ... at
midnight. 13. The ... helps us to divide a year into days and
months. 14. The 15th ... began in 1401 and ended in 1500.
20 К. Замените выделенные слова близкими по значению словами или
словосочетаниями из текста.
1. If we want to speak about the year, we say for instance, the
year 1967. 2. I have travelled a lot in my life and I prefer to
travel by air. 3. I am going to spend my holiday in Batumi.
4. Yes, September and October are usually beautiful months in
the Crimea. 5. Will you do me a kindness? I shall do it with joy.
6. Thank you very much.— That’s all right.
21 К. Измените предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали фактам, из
ложенным в тексте урока.
1) I have travelled very little in my life. 2. I prefer to travel
by train. 3. I am not going to spend my holidays in Batumi. 4. I
shall do it unwillingly.
★ 22 К. Переведите на английский язык:
1. Как правило, я люблю путешествовать на самолете, но мой
друг Виктор никогда не летал на самолете. Он предпочитает
путешествовать на поезде. Прошлым летом мы решили провести
свой отпуск в Сочи. Мне потребовалось два часа, чтобы доле
теть туда. Виктор должен был выехать из Москвы на два дня
раньше. В поезде было очень жарко. Днем температура была
около тридцати градусов выше нуля. Когда Виктор приехал
в Сочи, он сказал: «Я никогда так не уставал. Я обещаю тебе,
что я вернусь в Москву на самолете».
2. «Я намереваюсь пойти в кино»,— сказала Анна.
«Сделай мне одолжение и купи два билета на завтра»,—
попросила Кейт.
«Я это сделаю с удовольствием, Кейт»,— ответила Анна.
(Вечером.)
«Вот твои билеты, Кейт».
«Большое спасибо, Анна».
«Не стоит благодарности».
23. Прочтите вслух вопросы и ответьте устно на них. Правильность отве
тов проверьте по тексту.
1. When did the 19th century close? 2. How many weeks does
a year consist of? 3. What days does a week consist of? 4. What
seasons do you know? 5. At what time of the year do people
73
usually take a holiday? 6. Has Akimov ever travelled by plane?
7. Does Borisov prefer to travel by plane or by train? 8. Akimov
prefers hot weather, doesn’t he? 9. Why does Akimov intend to
spend his holiday in Batumi? 10. Did the plane stop in Sochi for
a long time? 11. Did Akimov send a letter or a telegram? 12. Bo
risov took Akimov’s letter with pleasure, didn’t he?
24. Закончите расчлененные вопросы и дайте на них ответы: а) подтвер
ждающие и б) отрицающие высказывание.
1. You have received my telegram, ... 2. It’s a pleasure to hea
it, ... 3. They have had lunch in the train, ... 4. She was going
to meet you at the airport, ... 5. She will do us a favour, ... 6. He
has a day off tomorrow, ... 7. They can’t come today, ... 8. They
decided to fly, ... 9. There are a lotof juicy melons in Batumi, ...
25. Переделайте косвенные вопросы в прямые. Обратите внимание на раз
ный порядок слов в прямом и косвенном вопросах.
О б р а з е ц :
Ask Peter:
a) when he comes home from the office.
When do you come home from the office?
b) if he tried on the hat when he bought it on Friday.
Did you try on the hat when you bought it on Friday?
c) w hat he will do on Sunday.
W hat will you do on Sunday?
H ow 1 W e n t f or My H o l i d a y
to take a month’s holiday; to travel by plane; to go by train;
by boat; a great deal; the temperature; 20 degrees above zero;
to do somebody a favour; to do something with pleasure; as a
rule; juicy pears and grapes; melons and water-melons; fine
weather; rainy days.
LESSON FIVE THE FIFTH LESSON
I have been sent here. Have I been sent here? I have not been sent here.
He (she, it) has been Has he (she, it) been sent He (she, it) has not been
sent here. here? sent here.
We (you, they) have Have we (you, they) been We (you, they) have not
been sent here. sent here? been sent here.
75
1. A new theatre has been built in this city. 2. These tickets
have been brought by Victor. 3. Many interesting plays have been
shown on television this month.
Упражнение 2 К. Замените действительный оборот страдательным. Про
изведите все необходимые изменения.
1. They have just finished the work. 2. He has shown Nick
a modern television set (2 вар.). 3. Ann has laid the table. 4. Boris
has hung the curtains. 5. Betsy has chosen brown gloves. 6. She
has fried some potatoes.
Упражнение 3 К. Откройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Perfect
или Past Indefinite (Passive Voice).
1. They (a lre a d y -f-to send) to Moscow to study. These
students (to send) to Moscow last year. 2. Today’s newspapers
(already + to bring). Today’s newspapers (to bring) five minutes
ago. 3. New shops (to open) all over the city. These new shops
(to open) last week.
They left the room without saying Они ушли из комнаты, не сказав ни
a word. слова.
Не came in without knocking at the Он вошел, не постучав в дверь,
door.
77
После глаголов finish, go on, enjoy и некоторых других упо
требляется только герундий:
She finished cleaning the room and Она закончила уборку комнаты (уби-
went for a walk. рать комнату) и пошла погулять.
Father went on reading hisnews- Отец продолжал читать газету (чте-
рарег. ние газеты).
78
They got permission to leave at Они получили разрешение выехать
once. немедленно.
Much progress was m ade during the За последние две недели они сделали
last two weeks of their studies. большие успехи в своих занятиях.
They got little new information from Они получили мало новых сведений
the student’s report. (данных) из доклада этого студента.
It’s fjne weather today. Сегодня прекрасная погода.
Роет
The M o m e n t s
The moments fly,— a minute’s gone;
The minutes fly,— an hour is run;
The day is fled**— the night is here;
Thus flies a week, a month, a year.
ф Прочтите вслух словосочетания.
e x p e rie n c e d ^ teachers
with 'g r e a t e r \ speed
the 'twentie4h"\ century
an 'autoymatic de'vice for 'changing ^ records
We 'study 'English by ycorres ^ pondence.
'Don’t 'get e x ^ cited about it!
'Let’s have a 'cup o f ^ t e a .
На пластинке урок 11.
The day is fled — День пролетел
82
# Прочтите предложения вслух. Следите за ударением и интонацией.
A.: 'Do you 'like 'watching yt e l e / vision in the evening?
B.: Of-^course, I \ d o , I 'also 'listen to th e ^ r a d io every day.
A.: I 'usually 'hear the 'news in the J morning before 'going
to ^ work. I 'like 'radio and ,tele vision.
Текст
LEARNING ENGLISH BY CORRESPONDENCE
Пояснения к тексту
1. ... ten per cent of the TV time goes to sport — десять про
центов телевизионного времени отводится спорту
2. ... specially prepared records made by experienced teachers —
специально подготовленные грампластинки, наговоренные квали
фицированными преподавателями
3. ... while you follow the text in the textbook — в то время
как вы следите по тексту в учебнике
4. ... in the original — в оригинале
5. the Foreign Languages Correspondence Courses — Заочные
курсы иностранных языков
84
6. True, I never give advice...— Правда, я никогда не даю
советов
7. 141 think it over.—Я подумаю об этом.
A Joke
AN EXPLANATION
A little boy was asking his brother, a big boy in the fifth
form, about wonders of science.*
“How does the telegraph work?”
, “Oh, ...well, like a long, long dog. If you step on his tail in
New York he barks** in Chicago.”
“Then how does the radio work?”
“Oh, it’s just the same, only without the dog.v
SO DO WE ALL
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 5
9. Прочтите текст урока дважды. Сначала про себя, стараясь понять его
общее содержание, затем во второй раз вслух и переведите его устно на рус
ский язык.
10. Отработайте чтение отрывка, записанного на грампластинку.
11 К. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания на русский язык.
1. which has been built in Moscow; 2. much tim
voted to music, science and education; 3. the latest
which is broadcast over the radio; 4. you listen to the record while
you follow the text in the textbook; 5. the system of assignments;
6. which are sent for checking; 7. the Correspondence Courses;
8. language examinations at school; 9. make learning a language
rather easy; 10. scientific work; 11. it is a great help to us;
12. What do you mean? 13. nonsense; 14. I never give advice;
15. Don’t get excited.
★ 12 К. Переведите текст урока 5 письменно, начиная со слов: We have
one of the most modern radio sets... и кончая словами: — return to the records
again.
85
★ 13 К. Замените действительный оборот страдательным. Произведите все
необходимые изменения.
1. The students have listened to the lecture with interest.
2. Aleck has told me the latest news (2 вар.). 3. Has John bought
any new records? 4. My parents have paid much money for this
television set. 5. We have not changed our plans.
★ 14 К. Переведите на английский язык, используя Present Perfect (P as
sive Voice).
1. Моему брату дали это задание (2 вар.). 2. Моим родите
лям показали телевизор (2 вар.). 3. Ему дали хороший совет
(2 вар.). 4. Только что передали по радио хорошие новости.
5. Им дали хорошее образование. 6. Эти пластинки были купле
ны для моей сестры. 7. Эта пьеса была переведена на англий
ский язык. 8. Все задания были проверены нашим преподава
телем. 9. Эти открытия были сделаны нашими инженерами. 10. Они
сделали большие успехи.
★ 15 К. Откройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в Present Perfect или Past
Indefinite (Passive Voice) по смыслу.
1. This rule (to explain) yesterday. This rule (just + to ex
plain) by the teacher. 2. This news (to broadcast) last night. This
concert (to broadcast) over the radio. 3. The new assignment
(just + to receive). These assignments (to check) a few minutes
ago. 4. All her time (to devote) to her little child. At this school
much time (to devote) to geography a few years ago. 5. A lot of
consultations (to give) over the radio. A lot of consultations (to
give) by this teacher last year. 6. All these exercises (to correct)
during this year. These exercises (to correct) by our teacher last
Monday.
★ 16 К. Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения.
1. Stop crying. 2. Не walked instead of running, and of course,
he was late. 3. Children learn very much by asking questions about
everything they see around them. 4. By listening to English rec
ords we learned to speak correct English. 5. I am interested in
studying foreign languages. 6. He went for a walk without wait
ing for his sister. 7. She left the room without saying good-bye.
8. Going by plane is the quickest means of travelling. 9. We spoke
about different methods of studying English.
H ow I U se My R a d i o Set
to turn on the radio; to listen to the radio; the latest news;
to learn by radio; to make progress; to get a great deal of infor
mation; to study with the help of records; to study smth. by cor
respondence; to be interested in; to tell the truth; to turn off the
radio; to devote time to music; to have lessons on television; to
be thankful to; to get excited.
LESSON SIX THE SIXTH LESSON
93
of my history book. It drops to the floor. My face becomes red. Papa
turns round, sees the card and looks at my face and the card lying
on the floor. He makes a silent sign and I bring him the card. I am
silent while Papa studies the card, my school card.3 Mr. Singer has
written down my marks in it.
Robert Shannon
Arithmetic 5 English 5
Geography 5 French 5
History 5 Drawing 4
Place in class: 1st4 George Singer.
I can see that Papa is surprised. At first he looks at me angrily,
he doesn’t believe me. He thinks it is a trick. But no, he sees the
school card, the signature. I read his thoughts. It must be true. He
is not pleased at all. He gives me back the card, and I return to my
books.#
Soon Mama looks at me and makes a sign. I put away my books
and go to bed. I am tired. My last thought is that in a week or two I
shall see my friend Gavin again.
The week of Murdoch’s examinations has come, and he now stands
in the hall in his best shoes and clothes. Mama brushes him all
over.5 At last he is ready to leave. He hurries to catch the 9.20 train
for Winton, to take the Post Office examinations. Mama and I are
standing at the door waving to him. In our hearts we wish him well.6
In the evening Murdoch came back on the four o’clock train and
his father was already waiting for him impatiently.
“How did you get on?”7
“ I found today’s examination very easy,” Murdoch said. Papa was
pleased. Mama smiled proudly.
A few days later Grandpa, Kate and I went to the town of Ardfillan
to buy things for Mother. As we approached the railway station I
saw Murdoch. He was standing near the platform. Murdoch ran
up to us. He was very pale. Suddenly he began to cry. He said,
“ I’ve failed. The examiners sent me home. What shall I do? What will
Papa say?”
We all were silent.
(E xtract from The Green Years by A. J. Cronin, adapted)
Пояснения к тексту
1. take the Post Office examination — держать экзамен на з а
мещение вакансий в Почтовом ведомстве
2. a seed catalogue ['kaetabg] — каталог семян
3. a school card — школьный табель
4. Place in class: 1st (first) — Место в классе — первое. При
перечислении, если после порядкового числительного нет опреде
ляемого существительного, артикль не ставится.
94
5. Mama brushes him all over. — Мама чистит его щеткой с
головы до ног.
6. In our hearts we wish him well. — В глубине души мы ж е
лаем ему удачи. Здесь heart — душа; in one’s heart — в глубине
души.
7. to get on — делать успехи, преуспевать
How did you get on? зд. Как ты справился с экзаменом?
PROVERBS
A Riddle
What is that which no one wishes to have, yet no one wishes to
lose.
(реэц p|Bq у )
A Joke
TEACHER: Johnny, why are you late for school every morning?
JOHNNY: Every time I come to the corner a sign says, “School.—
Go slow.”
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 6
5. Прочтите текст урока дважды. Сначала про себя, стараясь понять его
общее содержание, затем во второй раз и переведите его на русский язык.
6. Отработайте чтение отрывка, записанного на грампластинку.
7 К. Переведите следующие предложения и словосочетания на русский язык.
1. Gavin is still away; 2. I go out for a breath of fresh air; 3. Papa
is surprised; 4. he doesn’t believe me; 5. I read his thoughts; 6. she
makes a sign; 7. I put away my books; 8. my last thought;
9. he hurries to catch the train; 10. M ama and I are standing at
the door, waving to him; 11. his father was waiting for him
impatiently; 12. as we approached the railway station.
★ 8 К. Переведите текст урока 6 письменно, начиная со слой: Murdoch
is already sitting at the table . . . и кончая словами: Mr. Singer has w ritten down
my m arks in it.
95
★ 9 К. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык.
1. We sat in the room watching the football match on TV.
2. I hid the money in the book hoping not to spend it before my
holiday. 3. He spent almost an hour with me telling me the whole
truth. 4. She greeted him waving her hand.
★ 10 К. Откройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужной по смыслу форме:
Present Indefinite, Past Indefinite, Present Perfect (Active).
1. You ever (to be) to Leningrad? — Yes, I (to be) there twice.
When you (to be) there last time? — I (to be) there a year ago.
2. When you (to get) this modern TV set? — My parents (to
give) it to me as a birthday present last September. You (to use)
it much this week? — Yes, I (to use) it every evening this week.
3. My friend (to be) not at home last night. I think he (to go)
to the country. When he (to go) there? — I think he (to go) there
two days ago.
4. There (to be) a letter on the table. Who (to write) it? —
I think my eldest brother (to write) it.
5. As a rule, she (to visit) us twice a week, but this week she
(to visit) us four times.
6. When you usually (to have) your dinner? — I usually (to
have) my dinner at 3 o’clock. I (to have) my dinner half an hour
ago.
11 К. Поставьте определенный или неопределенный артикль, где это необ
ходимо.
David Is Sent to School
1. In ... book David Copperfield ... English writer Charles
Dickens tells ... story of ... small boy who was sent to one of ...
schools near London. 2. ... boy described ... school in ... following
words: 3. ... school “Salem House” was ... big building. 4. I went
into one of ... schoolrooms. It was ... emptiest room I have ever
seen. 5. It was ... long room with three long lines of ... tables in it.
6. Pieces of ... paper were on ... floor. 7. ... walls were covered
with ... ink; ... air was unpleasant. 8. For some days I was alone
in ... school with Mr. Mell who teaches ... arithmetic and ... geogra
phy. 9. ... boys have not yet come from ... holidays; Mr. Creakle,
... teacher of ... history was away at ... seaside. 10. I had my meals
with Mr. Mell in ... big empty hall. 11. There was no ... news from
home; I felt bad.
12 К. Заполните пропуски словами из списка по смыслу. Глаголы поставьте
в соответствующем времени и залоге.
(to catch sight; to be surprised; opposite; postcard; to disturb;
bald; to believe; to hide; to catch; to go out for a breath of air;
silent; thought)
1. He ... that he will learn the whole truth tomorrow. 2. She
saw only one eye, the other ... under a black handkerchief. 3. He ...
the train in time. 4. I ... because I do not feel quite well at this
96
moment. 5. He ... at the news but he didn’t say anything. 6. He
did not even try ... of the new plane, he was too tired. 7. Our house
became very ... after my father’s death. 8. The man sitting opposite
took off his hat and I saw that he was ... . 9. “I don’t think this
noise ... you,” he said impatiently. 10. He never sent any telegram,
he wrote a ... . 11. The boys stopped just ... the house. 12. After
a minute’s ... he went to the airport.
13 К. Выделенные слова или словосочетания замените подходящими по смыслу
словами и словосочетаниями из текста урока.
1. Most of the people of Levenford are at the seaside. 2. Gavin
has not come yet. 3. I put my text-books on the table in front of
Murdoch, without making any noise so as not to disturb him.
4. My new teacher Mr. Singer lost his hair. 5. My card fell to the
floor. 6. I can see that Papa did not expect such a thing. 7. I have
a good idea of what he thinks. 8. He goes out of the house to be
in time for the 9.20 train.
14 К. Измените предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали фактам, изло
женным в тексте урока.
1. Most of the inhabitants were in the mountains. 2. I am pa
tiently waiting for Gavin. 3. Every morning I stay in my room
before my holiday homework. 4. I have never seen a seed c a ta
logue. 5. I put my text-books on the table behind Murdoch. 6. At
this moment a card falls out of geography book and flies to the
ceiling. 7. It must be untrue. 8. He is highly pleased. 9. In our
thoughts we wish him well.
My S t u d i e s
to do one’s exercises (assignments); to study hard; to take
an examination; to make much (little) progress; to get good (bad)
marks; to fail in one’s examination; to pass an examination; to
wait impatiently for one’s vacation.
★ 19 К. Поставьте специальные вопросы к отдельным членам предложения
и один общий вопрос (всего 5 вопросов).
Aleck has told Nick the latest news.
★ 20 К. Поставьте три альтернативных вопроса к предложению (см. § 24).
Ann has used the English records several times (Nick, French,
once).
★ 21 К. Закончите следующие предложения, образуя расчлененные во
просы. Дайте на каждый вопрос по два ответа, подтверждающий и отрицающий
высказывание (см. § 25, 26).
1. It is not difficult at all ... 2. Your radio set is a radio-gramo-
phone ... 3. George wants to show his radio set to Bob ... 4. He
h asn ’t yet used his radio-gramophone ...
★ 22 К. Переведите на английский язык, используя Past Indefinite или
Present Perfect (Passive Voice) ( c m . § 3, 23, 28).
1. Эти товары были привезены самолетом. Когда они были
привезены? Они были привезены на прошлой неделе. 2. Первая
линия московского метро была построена в 1935 году. 3. Радио
приемник был спрятан в книжном шкафу. 4. За последние не
сколько лет в Москве было построено много новых домов. 5. Нас
98
учили английскому языку в течение трех лет. 6. Эти научные сведения
только что получены нашим институтом. 7. Очень интересные но
вости были переданы по радио. Когда передали эти новости?
Эти новости передали вчера вечером.
★ 23 К. Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в P ast Indefinite или P as
Continuous (Active Voice) (см. § 78).
1. When the sad news (to come), I (to have a rest) in the Cri
mea. 2. What heavy box you (to carry) when I (to meet) you last
night? — I (to carry) a box with gramophone records to the Post
Office. I (to send) these records to my sister as a birthday present.
3. I (to have) my dinner when the postman (to bring) the letter.
4. She (to prepare) her lessons when her brother (to come) home
last night.
i f 24 К. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык (см. § 29).
1. This may be done without reading the rule. 2. I have tried
to remember this poem by reading it several times. 3. George got
a lot of money by translating this book. 4. I don’t believe she
stopped smoking. 5. You are simply breaking my heart by studying
so badly. 6. We watched TV without saying a word. 7. You will
get home more quickly by taking the Metro. 8. She likes reading
English books in the original. 9. They spent much money on buy
ing English books. 10. Swimming is my favourite sport.
i f 25 К. Переведите заключенные в скобки слова на английский язык, ис
пользуя инфинитив цели.
1. Не hurried to the station (чтрбы попасть на последний по
езд). 2. They worked hard (чтобы закончить задание вовремя).
3. The girl has taken the book to her room (чтобы спрятать ее от
своего маленького брата). 4. We turned on the radio (чтобы
услышать последние известия). 5. They studied hard (чтобы сде
лать хорошие успехи).
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2 (А )
4* 99
IV. Поставьте три альтернативных вопроса к данному предложению:
Robert has made good progress in his studies (Gavin, slow
progress, in the work).
V. Поставьте расчлененные вопросы, используя следующие предложения.
Дайте ответы на вопросы 1, 2, подтверждающие высказывание, а на вопросы
3, 4 — отрицающие высказывание.
1. Не has travelled by plane a great deal. 2. We are approach
ing Sochi now. 3. They haven’t felt the heat this summer so much.
4. We can see many signs of approaching winter.
VI. Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в P ast Indefinite или P ast
/Continuous (по смыслу).
1. What you (to do) at 10 o’clock yesterday? — I (to have) m
English lesson at that time. 2. When 1 (to come) to see my friend
last night he (to read) a book and his wife (to do) her English
assignments.
VII. Переведите на английский язык, используя P ast Indefinite или Pres
ent Perfect (P assive Voice).
1. Эта статья написана одним из наших студентов. Когда он
была написана? Она была написана три дня назад. 2. Эти грамплас
тинки куплены моим братом. Когда они были куплены? Они были
куплены вчера вечером.
VIII. Откройте скобки, поставив глаголы по смыслу в Present Indefinite,
Future Indefinite, Present Perfect (Active Voice).
A.: I (not to see) you for ages. Where you (to be) all this time?
B.: I (to be) ill for the last few weeks.
A.: I (to hope) that you feel better now.
B.: Not yet, I (to have) a bad cold, and I still (to feel) bad.
A.: You (to take) your holiday and go to the country in May?
B.: Oh, no, I (to change) my plans and (to intend) to go to
the seaside.
A.: When you (to expect) to go there?
B.: I think I (to go) there in September or at the beginning of
October. The weather (to be) still warm and there (to be) a lot
of fruit at that time of the year.
A.: You (ever + to be) to the South before?
B.: No, I (not + to be) there.
A.: You (to go) by plane or by train?
B.: I (to go) by plane. I (not + to travel) by plane since 1965.
IX. Заполните пропуски определенным или неопределенным артиклем, где это
необходимо.
As .1. rule we have ^ warm weather in October, there are no
storms and each time we tune in <£. radio Ч& reception is good.
I like watching 7.*, plays on ... television or listening to good
music over tfc. radio. We often hear Т/я classical music. Such ...
concerts help me ... great deal in understanding ... music. Some
times I watch ... television programmes devoted to ... study of ...
100
mathematics, 777 physics and ... foreign languages. These lessons
on (Jll television help me to make ... good progress in my studies.
X. Поставьте вместо пропусков предлоги или наречия, где это необходимо.
1. Some people turn ... their radio sets so early .:. the morning
that their neighbours can neither work nor rest. I think such
people must be sent ... a small island where they can make noise
disturbing anybody.
2. The thought that a man speaking ... the radio ... the studio ...
Moscow can be heard on the other end ... the world makes us
proud ... the progress which has been made ... science of the 20th
century. We all must be thankful ... science ... the great discoveries ...
this century.
XI. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:
a) 1. The man stood at the door waving to his friend. 2. She
listened to the story believing every word of it. 3. The children ran
into the room telling us the news.
b) 1. You can help me a great deal by explaining this rule.
2. He entered the room without greeting me. 3. She spent the whole
day writing letters. 4. Reading books in the original is very useful.
XII. Переведите заключенные в скобки слова, используя инфинитив цели.
1. Papa took the card (чтобы прочитать ее). 2. Robert sat down
at Murdoch’s table (чтобы сделать свои уроки). 3. Robert left the
room (чтобы не беспокоить Мэрдока).
XIII. Напишите короткий рассказ (не более страницы) на тему: How I
study English by correspondence. Используйте слова и словосочетания из текста
урока 5.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2 (Б )
We have had ... fine weather ... last two days, but there are
signs of ... coming autumn.
Every time we tune in ... radio ... reception gets worse and
worse. We usually listen to ... latest news in ... morning before
going to ... work. In ... evening we like to listen to ... programmes
devoted to ... science and ... education. While listening to ... radio
we get ... great deal of ... useful information. Twice ... week I have
... English lessons and ... mathematics on ... television; and once
... week we study by ... radio. These programmes are a great help
to us and we make ... good progress in our studies.
102
X. Поставьте вместо пропусков предлоги или наречия, где это необходимо.
My first radio set was made ... my elder brother and we were
very proud ... it, but the reception was rather bad. Now I have
a modern radio-gramophone, a present ... my mother. I am thank
ful ... her ... this beautiful present. ... the evening I turn ... the set
and then tune ... to a Moscow station. ... fine weather the reception
is very good. I listen ... music and the latest news ... pleasure. As
I am interested ... science I often listen ... scientific lectures broad
cast ... the radio. I always listen ... the radio ... disturbing my
neighbours.
XI. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:
a) 1. Bob stood at the window laughing. 2. Mama met me
smiling. 3. He listened to the record repeating every word aloud.
b) 1. He left the room without looking at me. 2. It’s an auto
matic device for changing records. 3. I prefer swimming in the
sea. 4. Learning poems by heart is very useful.
XII. Переведите заключенные в скобках слова, используя инфинитив цели.
1. We shall go to the seaside (чтобы поплавать). 2. We hav
bought some new French records (чтобы изучить язык). 3. We
ran to a house (чтобы спрятаться от дождя).
XIII. Напишите короткий рассказ (не более одной страницы) на тему:
How I intend to spend my holiday this sum mer. Используйте слова и слово
сочетания из текста урока 4.
LESSON SEVEN THE SEVENTH LESSON
I (he, she, it) had Had I (he, she, it) I (he, she, it) had not
worked. worked? worked.
We (you, they) had Had we (you, they) We (you, they) had not
worked. worked? worked.
104
Mary wentshopping after she had Мэри пошла за покупками после
prepared dinner. того, как она приготовила обед (P ast
Perfect в придаточном предложении).
Alice had ru n g up John before he Алиса позвонила Джону перед тем,
went home. как он пошел домой.
When Mary came home I, he had already read the new spaper.
Before they w ritten the letter.
105
§ 37. Будущее перфектное время
(действительный залог).
Future Perfect (Active Voice)
У твердительное Вопросительное О трицательное
п редлож ен ие п р едлож ен ие предлож ение
I shall have worked. Shall I have worked? I shall not have worked.
He (she, it) will have Will he (she, it) have He (she, it) will not have
worked. worked? worked.
We shall have worked. Shall we have worked? We shall not have
worked.
You (they) will have Will you (they) have You (they) will not have
worked. worked? worked.
I shall
cooked the dinner.
we have
By two w ritten all the letters.
o’clock gone to the library.
he, she will
listened to the English records.
you, they have
110
Текст
UNFORTUNATELY NOT EVERYBODY CAN AFFORD IT
There are self-service shops all over Britain today, all based
on the principle that self-service belongs to the future.
The first self-service shop was opened in Romford, Essex, by
the London Co-operative Society1 in 1942. One of the best is the
self-service shop at Barkingside, Essex, which the LCS had opened
just before beginning its new policy for better service.
There are special counters for fresh meat and frozen meat;2
a fish counter; counters for milk, butter, m argarine and cheese.
There are also shelves with tinned foods, sardines and jams. There
is a special vegetable department in which the vegetables are all
pre-packaged, potatoes washed and cellophane-wrapped.3 Another
counter has bags containing one onion, two turnips and two car
rots to flavour a stew. There is also a special counter for sausages
and ham.
It will take me too long to describe all the departments of the
self-service shop. But I believe that people want this kind of shops.
These shops are full of conveniences for the customer.
“You don’t have to prepare a shopping list before coming here.
It’s all under your eyes,” said one customer.
“I like to see all the prices,” said a second.
“You have a much wider choice of goods here,” said a third.
But the thing most often mentioned was time. Not far away
there is a factory where many women work. They don’t have to
spend their whole- lunch-hour shopping as they did before the LCS
had opened the new self-service shop. Now they can buy everything
under one roof in ten minutes.
“The London Co-operative Society decided to open some new
self-service shops. There is no doubt that by the end of next year
many more food stores will have begun self-service,” said the
manager of this self-service shop.
Unfortunately, not many people can fully use all these conve
niences. During the last few years food prices in Britain have risen
again. The British workers’ standard of living is under attack all
the time.
You can hear conversations like this:
“I don’t know how we’ll manage this week,” said one house
wife.
“Where does the money go?” said a second.
“Everything is so.expensive now,” said a third.
“I can’t afford to buy any more food until pay-day,” said a
fourth.
Housewives who had, earlier in the week, exchanged “Happy
New Year” greetings, found themselves at the end of the week
with long faces and light shopping baskets, as the prices rose again.
This hit the low-paid workers and old-age pensioners first of all.
One woman, seventy-five years old, trying to live on a
ill
pension which is 20 per cent of the average weekly wages in
Britain, said: “I can afford to buy a small piece of fish once a week,
and a small piece of meat once a week. My meals often consist of two
cups of tea a day and of bread and m argarine.”
(Based on newspaper m aterial)
(Conversation)
Пояснения к тексту
1) the London Co-operative Society [5a'lAndan kou'oparativ
sa'saiati] сокращенно: the LCS [6fel'si:'es] — Лондонское коопе
ративное общество. В газетах и журналах часто употребляются
сокращения. При переводе на русский язык их необходимо рас
шифровывать и давать полный перевод на русский язык.
2) counters for fresh meat and frozen ['frouznj meat — при
лавки для парного и мороженого мяса
3) potatoes washed and cellophane-wrapped ['sebfein'raeptJ —
картофель, вымытый и завернутый в целлофан
A Joke
MOTHER: What in the world has happened to you? Your
shirt is full of holes?
TOMMY: We were playing grocery store and I was Swiss
cheese. (Swiss — швейцарский)
112
УПРАЖ Н ЕНИ Я К УРОКУ 7
8. Прочтите текст урока дважды: сначала про себя, стараясь понять его
общее содержание, а затем вслух и переведите его устно на русский язык.
9. Отработайте чтение отрывка, записанного на грампластинку.
★ 10. Найдите в тексте урока слова и словосочетания, соответствующие
следующим:
магазин самообслуживания; специальные прилавки; парное
мясо; мороженое мясо; полки, полные консервированных продук
тов; расфасованный; чтобы придать вкус жаркому; специаль
ный прилавок для колбас и ветчины; это займет у меня слишком
много времени, чтобы описать; приготовить список покупок; бо
лее широкий выбор товаров; под одной крышей; за десять минут;
несомненно; цены на продукты в Британии поднялись снова;
обменивались новогодними приветствиями; жить на пенсию;
средняя недельная зарплата; наконец я дозвонилась до тебя;
пригласил нас к себе; тебе не нужно ни о чем беспокоиться; по
дороге домой.
★ 11 К. Переведите текст урока 7 письменно, начиная со слов: You don’t
have to prepare a shopping list.., и кончая словами: ...said the m anager of
this self-service shop.
Buying Food
a) 1. Mary expected some friends to ... dinner on Sunday.
2. She decided to go to one of ... big food stores in ... centre of ...
city. ... store is very convenient for ... customer. 3. She got up early
in ... morning and went to ... food store. 4. She bought some fresh
meat, ... butter, and ... piece of ... cheese and ... tin of sardines.
5. On her way home she bought ... jar of ... strawberry jam. 6. She
wanted to buy some fruit, and ... bottle of ... wine, but ... fruit shop
was packed like ... tin of sardines and she decided to buy ... fruit
and ... wine after ... lunch.
b) 1. ... self-service shop just opened. 2. It was still early in ...
morning when ... m anager was surprised to see one customer,
then ... second, then ... third, then ... fourth. 3. In half ... hour ...
shop was full of ... people.
114
20 К. Заполните пропуски словами из списка по смыслу. Глаголы поставь
те в соответствующем времени.
(list, phone, self-service, policy, standard of living, m arga
rine, principle, ham, to manage, to flavour, to base, manager, to
worry, to hit, no doubt, sausage)
1. ... he will manage to get a good room. 2. She ... to take good
care of her children. 3. I saw her name on the ... of new students.
4. Mary had a short conversation with her friend over the ... .
5. Onions, carrots and turnips are vegetables used to ... a stew.
6. I always enjoy a piece of bread with ... . 7. I did not manage
to go to the ... shop last night. 8. The ... is rising all the time in the
Soviet Union. 9. For breakfast we often have Tried eggs and ... .
10. This is one ... of life I know better than you. 11. She did not ...
about little things while she was on her holidays. 12. No doubt the
new shop in our street ... on the principle of self-service. 13. Last
night the boy ... by a falling stone. 14. The first customers of the
newly opened self-service shop were met by the ... at the door.
15. Some people fry onions in ... instead of butter. 16. The policy
of the Soviet Union is the ... of peace.
21 К. Выделенные слова и словосочетания замените подходящими по
смыслу словосочетаниями из текста урока.
1. Self-service is the shopping principle of tomorrow. 2. Now
they can buy everything in one building in ten or fifteen minutes.
3. Everybody believes that by the end of next year many more food
stores ... 4. For the last few years food prices in Britain have gone
up. 5. One woman, 75 years old, trying to live on the money
paid by the British Government, could afford to buy a small piece
of fish once a week. 6. At the end of the week housewives looked
very unhappy. 7. I can’t afford to buy any more food until the day
on which wages are paid. 8. You don’t have to write down all the
things you want to buy before visiting the shop. 9. They invited
us to come to their house to spend with them Sunday and part of
Saturday.
22 К. Допишите следующие предложения, используя слова и словосочетания
из текста урока.
1. Each self-service shop has special ... 2. The vegetables are
all ... 3. For the last few years food prices in Britain ... 4. I cannot
afford to buy any more food ... 5. At last I have got you ... 6. Arvie
rang me up and invited us to their place ... 7. Please get a few
things ... 8. I’ll do it. You don’t have ...
23 К. Измените предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали фактам, из
ложенным в тексте урока.
1. There are general counters for fresh meat and frozen meat.
2. It will take me very little time to describe all the departments.
3. In short these shops are full of inconveniences for the salesman.
4. You have to write down all the things you want to buy before
visiting the shop. 5. This hit the highly-paid workers first of all.
115
★ 24 К. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Алиса пришла навестить свою подругу Энн. Девушки раз
говаривали, когда зазвонил телефон. 2. Это была мать Энн:
«Наконец я дозвонилась до тебя, Энн. Я занята сегодня вече
ром и не смогу купить все на ужин». 3. «Тогда я сделаю все
покупки, мама. Что мне купить?» 4. «Купи масла, сыру и кол
басы, а также купи немного яблок или груш. Не забудь купить
кофе. У нас нет кофе на завтрак». 5. «Хорошо, мама, я сделаю
это с удовольствием. Тебе не нужно ни о чем беспокоиться.
Я куплю все в магазине самообслуживания на углу улицы Пушкина.
У них там очень хороший выбор продуктов. Это все, мама?»
6. «Да, это все».
25. Прочтите вслух вопросы и ответьте на них устно. Правильность отве
тов проверьте по тексту урока 7.
1. What shops are based on the principle of self-service?
2. Where was the first self-service shop opened in Britain? 3. What
kind of counters are there in a self-service shop? 4. In what kind
of stores are only pre-packaged goods sold? 5. How are the vege
tables sold? 6. What do bags with stewing vegetables contain?
7. Why is a self-service shop a great convenience for the custom
er? 8. Why is it not necessary for the customer to prepare a shop
ping list when she goes to a self-service shop? 9. How long does
it take to do shopping where everything is under one roof?
10. Were there any hard attacks on the British workers’ standard
of living?
26. Переделайте косвенные вопросы в прямые и ответьте на них.
Ask Comrade В.:
a) 1. why British housewives often find themselves with long
faces and light baskets.
2. how often the old woman pensioner bought a small piece
of meat or fish.
3. what her meals usually consisted of.
b) 1. if Alice got John on the phone at last.
2. if John and Alice were invited to spend the week-end in
the country.
3. if John agreed to do the shopping.
27. Составьте короткий рассказ на указанную тему, используя следующие
слова и словосочетания:
{
I shall find is at *ho
ome. была ли она дома вчера
out wheth
er she
{ was at home
I last night
will be at home tom or-
Я узнаю, *\
118
§ 43. Употребление времен
в придаточных предложениях времени и условия,
относящихся к будущему
В придаточных обстоятельственных предложениях времени и
условия, относящихся к будущему времени (будущее время вы
ражено в главном предложении), которые вводятся союзами:
if — если; unless — если только ... не, разве ... не; when — когда;
while — в то время как, когда, пока; till, until — до тех пор пока
... не; as soon as — как только; before — прежде чем, до того как;
after — после того как и др., не употребляется будущее время.
В таких придаточных предложениях употребляется одно из на
стоящих времен — Present Indefinite, Present Continuous, Present
Perfect — в значении будущего, которое на русский язык перево
дится будущим временем.
Mr. Adams will come this evening Мистер Адамс придет сегодня вече-
when Father is at home. ром, когда отец будет дома.
I shall ring you up as soon as Kate Я позвоню тебе, как только Кейт
comes home. придет домой.
If Ann comes home late tonight, Если Анна придет домой поздно се-
Mother will be angry with her. годня вечером, мама будет сердиться
на нее.
We shall be late for the theatre unless Мы опоздаем в театр, если не отпра-
we leave at once. вимся немедленно.
I shall be reading the newspaper Я буду читать газету, пока вы будете
while you are writing the letter. писать письмо.
By the time you have come I shall К тому времени, когда вы придете,
be ready. я буду готов.
П р и м е ч а н и е : В придаточных дополнительных пред
ложениях, которые вводятся союзами: if — если, whether —
ли (в косвенном вопросе) или союзным словом when — когда,
действие, относящееся к будущему времени, передается гла
голом в будущем времени.
I don’t know when Mary will come Я не знаю, когда Мэри придет домой,
home.
I don’t know if they will be free Я не знаю, будут ли они завтра сво-
tomorrow. бодны.
Упражнение 3 К. Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в нужное по смыс
лу время. Переведите полученные предложения на русский язык.
1. If I (to go) to the theatre I shall not be able to see you tonight.
2. Unless it (to be) warmer on Sunday, I shall not go to the country.
3. I shall bring you the book if I (to finish) reading it by that time.
4. I shall do this translation while you (to have) breakfast. 5. We
shall have dinner as soon as Mother (to fry) the potatoes. 6. I don’t
know if he (to come) tomorrow.
121
Географические названия и собственные имена
Thompson Ditch ['tompsn'ditj] Томпсон Дитч (название канала)
Malaga ['тае1эдэ] (зд.) Малага,, небольшая дёревня в Калифорнии
Mourad [mu'rcud] Мурад
Joe [d3 0 u] Джо
А гат [э'гсит] Арам
Упражнение 5. Переведите на английский язык данные в скобках слова. Исполь
зуйте слова и словосочетания к тексту урока 8.
1. The boys went in a boat (через) a large river. 2. They are no
afraid of this (трудность). 3. He (оскорбил) my best friend. 4. The
storm (разразился) while we were walking in the forest. 5. She had
only a few minutes and her hands (дрожали) while she wrote the
postcard. 6. This (шоссе) leads to Kiev. 7. I always enjoy a ham
(бутерброд) for supper. 8. He is a good swimmer and (ныряет)
well. 9. They (отправятся) for the South in September. 10. They
will probably not come because of the storm and (слякоти). 11. Mary
is my youngest (двоюродная сестра). 12. The Volga-Baltic (канал)
is one of the biggest in the world. 13. The little girl (испугалась)
when she saw the big dog.
Работа над произношением*
• I. Упражнение в слитном чтении.
'out of 'doors; o n ^ t h e 'bank o f ^ t h e ca'nal;
two 'sausage 'sandwiches; u p ^ t o our 'elbows;
in ja c t; w ith jg re a t 'difficulty;
a 'very 'kind^Jboy; i n ^ t h e ’mud; a t^ 'o n c e .
• II. Прочтите текст “The Swimmer” вслух. Выучите текст наизусть.
THE SWIMMER
Johnny smiled when the teacher read the story of a man who swam
across a river three times before breakfast.
“You do not doubt that a trained swimmer can do that, do you?”
asked the teacher.
“No, sir,” answered Johnny, “but why didn’t he make it four times
and get back to the bank where his clothes were?”
Текст
• THE THREE SWIMMERS
122
It was a bright Saturday morning. We were sure the day would
be warm. We had two sausage sandwiches each, and ten cents for
the three of us. We decided to walk to the canal so that we would get
there about noon. We walked along the highway to M alaga and then
to the canal.
By the time we got to Thompson Ditch the weather had changed.
In fact it was the beginning of a storm. The water was roaring, the
sky was grey, growing black, the air was cold and unfriendly.
Joe said, “I have come all this way to swim and rain or no rain
I am going to swim.”
“So am I,” 1 I said.
“You wait, Aram,” my cousin Mourad said. “Joe and I will see
how it really is. If it’s all right, we’ll call you. Can you really swim?”
“Shut up!”2 I said. I always said “Shut up!” when I thought that
somebody had insulted me.
“Well,” Joe said, “can you, Aram?”
“Sure3 I can swim,” I said, but to tell the truth I was frightened.
I brought out my lunch and began eating one of the sausage
sandwiches. My cousin Mourad said. “We shall eat after we swim. Do
you want to have cram ps?”
I had quite forgotten. It was because I was so frightened.
“One sandwich won’t give anybody cram ps,” I said.
“ It’ll be more tasty after we swim,” Joe said. He was a very
kind boy. He knew I was frightened. I knew he was frightened, but
I knew he was hiding his thoughts.
“Let’s see,” Joe said. “We’ll swim across, rest, swim back, eat,
and unless the storm passes, start for home. If it doesn’t rain, we’ll
swim some more.”
“This storm isn’t going to pass,” my cousin Mourad $aid. He said
we must do it in a hurrv and start for home.
• By this time we had taken off our clothes and stood together
on the bank of the canal looking at the unfriendly water. Without
a word Joe dived in. Without a word my cousin Mourad dived in.
And then without a word I dived in too.
And then — and it w asn’t more than three seconds later — I
heard Joe’s voice. Joe was shouting and my cousin Mourad was
shouting and I was shouting. We had all dived into mud up to our
elbows, had got free only with great difficulty and had each come up
worrying, what had happened to the other two. We were all standing
in the cold roaring water, up to our knees in soft mud. The storm
broke out while we stood in the mud of the canal.
“Well,” Joe said, “we’ll be caught in the rain anyhow. Let us stay
in the water a little longer.”
We swam for not more than ten minutes but we were all trembling
with cold. Then we got out of the water and mud and dressed, and
standing under a tree ate our sandwiches. Instead of stopping the
rain continued, and we decided to start for home at once. •
(to be continued)
(From The Three Sw im m ers and the Educated Grocer
by William Saroyan, adapted)
123
Пояснения к тексту
1. “So am I” — „Я тоже",— сказал я. Оборот So am I, So is he
и т. п. выражает согласие говорящего с предшествующим выска
зыванием.
2. Shut up! — разг. вульг. Заткнись! Замолчи!
3. sure [Jus] adv — конечно, несомненно
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 8
6. Прочтите текст урока дважды: сначала про себя, стараясь понять его общее
содержание, а затем второй раз вслух и переведите его устно на русский язык.
7. Отработайте чтение отрывка, записанного на грампластинку.
5* 131
Thanks 'уегуЛ much, Mr. Abbot.
Not a t ^ a l l , the grocer said, T th a n k ^ y o u .
We 'saw the 'rainbow over the Si'erra N e ^ v a d a .
Текст
• THE THREE SWIMMERS
(Continued)
All the way to M alaga the country road was empty. In Malaga
we went into the grocery store and warmed ourselves at the stove
and bought a can of beans and a loaf of bread. The grocer was
a man named Abbot Darcous who was not a foreigner. He opened
the can for us, divided the beans into three parts on the paper
plates, gave us each a wooden fork, and cut the bread for us. He
was an old man who looked young and funny.
“Where have you been, boys?” he said.
“Swimming,” Joe said.
“Swimming?” he said. “How was it? Cold?”
“It was ice-cold.”
“Well, did you enjoy it?”
“Did we enjoy it?” Joe asked Mourad.
Mourad didn’t know whether we had enjoyed it. He said, “When
we dived in we found ourselves in the mud up to our elbows.”
“I see that you are all real heroes,” the grocer said.
The grocer got excited and opened a second can of beans, took
some into his mouth, and then divided the rest into three parts on
the paper plates.
“We haven’t got any more money,” I said.
“Now, boys, tell me what made you do it,” the grocer said.
“Nothing,” said Joe, with his mouth full of beans and bread.
“Well, tell me, what are you, Californians1 or foreigners?”
“We are all Californians,” Joe said.
• A car stopped in front of the grocery and we saw an old man
get out and come into the store.
“Open me a bottle, Abbot,” the man said.
“Judge Harm on,” I heard the grocer say, “I want you to meet2
three of the most heroic Californians of this great state. They have
just come from swimming.”
The grocer gave the Judge the open bottle. The Judge took
a drink.
“Are any of you m ad?” the Judge said.
The grocer burst out laughing. We finished the beans and the
bread. We were thirsty but couldn’t make up our minds to ask for
a drink of water. At last Joe said, “Mr. Abbot, please give us
a drink of w ater.”
“W ater?” the grocer said. “Water, my boy? Water is for swim
ming in, not for drinking.”
He took three paper cups, went to a small barrel with a tap,
132
turned the tap, and filled each cup with apple juice.
“Here, boys,” he said. “Drink. Drink this nice apple juice.”
The Judge poured the grocer a drink out of his bottle, lifted
the bottle to his lips, and said, “To your health, gentlemen.”
We all drank. The Judge put the bottle into his pocket, looked
at each of us carefully and said, “Good-bye, gentlemen.”
“Good-bye,” we said.
By this time our clothes were almost dry, but the rain hadn’t
stopped.
“Well,” Joe said, “thanks very much, Mr. Abbot. We must go
home.”
“Not at all,”3 the grocer said. “I thank you.”
We left the store quietly and began to walk along the highway.
By that time the rain had stopped. We walked along the highway
in silence. After a few minutes the black clouds parted, the sun
came through, and in the east we saw the rainbow over the Sierra
Nevada.
• (From The Three Sw im m ers and the Educated Grocer by William Saroyan,
adapted)
Пояснения к тексту
1. Californian ^kaeli'foinjan] n — калифорниец, уроженец шта
та Калифорния
2. I want you to meet — Я хочу представить вам (Я хочу,
чтобы вы познакомились)
3. not at all — нисколько, не стоит благодарности (в ответ на
спасибо), пожалуйста
Русскому выражению «пожалуйста» в ответ на благодар
ность соответствуют выражения: not at all; don’t mention it; that’s
all right. Слово please в таких случаях не употребляется, так как
оно выражает вежливую просьбу, а не ответ на благодарность.
Jokes
A RICH CHOI CE
A D ay in A p r i l
1. The boys started ... the canal early ... the morning ... S a tu r
day. 2. They arrived ... there ... noon. 3. When they arrived ... the
canal they did not enter ... the water ... once. 4. Joe told them
a funny story and the boys burst ... laughing. 5. Then they took ...
their clothes and ... a word dived the cold water. 6. Suddenly
a heavy storm broke ... . 7. The boys saw the dark roaring water
and they quickly swam ... the canal ... the bank. 8. They were
frightened and got ....... the water. 9. They put ... their clothes and
went ... Malaga. 10. There they went ... the store. 11. The grocer
opened a can ... beans and divided the beans ... three parts. 12. Then
he went ... a barrel and filled three cups ... apple juice. 13. The Judge
poured the grocer a drink ........ his bottle, lifted the bottle ... his
lips, and said, “...your health, gentlemen!” They all drank.
A Kind G r o c e r
а) 1. ... boys got out of ... water, dressed quickly and started for
Malaga. 2. They came to that small village in half ... hour. 3. They
stopped in front of ... grocery store, they decided to enter ... store.
4. ... grocer gave them ... can of ... beans and ... loaf of ... bread.
.5. The boys ate ... beans and warmed themselves at ... stove in ...
corner of ... store. 6. Soon ... old car stopped in front of ... grocery
and ... old man came into ... store and asked for ... bottle of ...
wine. 7. “Can I have ... cup of ... w ater?” asked Joe. 8. But ...
grocer gave each boy ... cup of ... apple juice instead of ... water.
9. When ... old man heard about ... heroic swimming of ... boys, he
lifted ... bottle to his lips, and said, “To your health, ... gentlemen!”
135
10. The boys drank ... juice, thanked ... grocer and left ... store.
11. They went ... home along ... empty highway in ... silence.
b) 1. ... Ai-Petri is one of ... highest peaks in ... Crimea. 2. Long
long ago ... Carpathians were connected with ... Alps; ... Caucasus
was probably connected with ... Balkan mountains. 3. ... Mont Blanc
is probably ... most famous peak in ... Europe. 4. ... Peak Lenin
is ... very well-known mountain in ... Pamirs.
15 К. Замените пропуски словами из списка по смыслу. Глаголы поставьте
в соответствующем времени.
(to pour, silence, drink, to fill, tap, not at all, funny, to warm,
to burst out, to lift, foreigner, barrel, health, mad)
1. This is a very ... story. 2. We listened to his story in ... .
3. There were quite a few ... at yesterday’s concert. 4. ... yourself
another cup of tea. 5. He called the waiter and ordered food and ... .
6. On the way John took off his socks and ... them with sand
and small stones. 7. The three men lay wet and trembling with
cold in the boat, they could not ... themselves for a long time.
8. The sea air will be good for his ... . 9. Suddenly John ... laugh
ing. 10. Peter quickly put his hand across John’s mouth and said,
“Are you ...?” 11. Peter ... his bag out of the taxi and quickly
went to the train. 12. When I come home I always turn the hot
water ... on and the cold water ... on and wash my hands. 13. They
filled the ... with water. 14. “I am very much obliged to you,”
said John. “... ,” answered Peter.
16 К. Допишите следующие предложения, используя слова и словосочетания
из текста урока 9.
1. In M alaga we went into the grocery store and ... 2. We
bought a can of beans and ... 3. He opened the can for us, divided
... 4. The grocer got excited and opened ... 5. “Now, tell me, boys,”
the grocer said, “what...?” 6. We were thirsty but couldn’t ma
up our minds to ask for ... 7. The Judge lifted the bottle to his lips
and said, “...” 8. Joe said, “Thanks very much, Mr. Abbot. We
must go home.” the grocer said. 9. We walked along the
highway ... .
17 К- Выделенные слова и словосочетания замените подходящими по смыслу
словами и словосочетаниями из текста урока.
1. We went into the grocery store and tried to get warm by
the fire. 2. He looked strange and young. 3. “Now tell me, boys,”
the grocer said, “why did you do it?” 4. The grocer suddenly began
to laugh. 5. We wanted to drink but couldn’t decide to ask for
a drink of water. 6. By this time our clothes were almost dry, but
the rain was still pouring. 7. We walked along the highway with
out saying a word.
18 К- Напишите синонимы к выделенным словам.
1. The old man begged for a drink of water. 2. The grocery store
was full ot the scent of apples. 3. The grocer was a man called
136
Darcous. 4. We bought a tin of beans. 5. The grocer began laughing.
6. Joe said, “Thanks very much, Mr. Abbot.” “Don’t mention it,”
the grocer said.
19 К. Измените предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали фактам, изло
женным в тексте урока.
1. The country road was crowded. 2. The grocer burst out cry
ing. 3. A car stopped at the back of the grocery. 4. We walked
along the highway talking fast in English.
20 К. Сгруппируйте данные ниже слова и словосочетания по противополож
ному значению.
cold; to open; to buy; the road was empty; to come in; to give;
to close; hot; to sell; a part; old; to burst out laughing; the road
was crowded; to take; a whole; to begin; light; young; dry; near
ly; dark; to finish; to burst out crying; wet; almost; to go out.
★ 21 К. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Когда мальчики вышли из воды, все еще шел сильный
дождь. 2. Они оделись и, дрожа от холода, съели свои бутер
броды. 3. К этому времени дождь еще не прекратился, и они ре
шили пойти домой. 4. По дороге домой они увидели бакалейную
лавку и зашли туда. 5. Они согрелись у печки и высушили свою
одежду. 6. Они купили в бакалейной лавке банку бобов и бухан
ку хлеба. 7. Им очень хотелось пить, и бакалейщик налил им
в три бумажных стаканчика яблочного сока. 8. Мальчики по
благодарили бакалейщика и пошли по шоссе домой.
22. Прочтите вслух вопросы и ответьте на них. Правильность ответов проверь
те по тексту урока 9.
1. Where did the boys go when they reached Malaga? 2. Why
did the three boys have to warm themselves at the stove? 3. What
did they buy in the store? 4. What did the grocer do with the can
of beans? 5. How did the grocer serve the beans? 6. What did the
grocer look like? 7. What stopped in front of the grocery? 8. What
made the grocer say to the Judge: “I want you to meet three of
the most heroic Californians”? 9. Why did the Judge ask the boys:
“Are any of you m ad?” 10. Did the grocer pour the boys some
water or some juice? 11. What did the Judge say before he drank
his wine? 12. What did the boys see in the east as they walked
along the highway in silence?
23. Переделайте косвенные вопросы в прямые и ответьте на них.
Ask your friend:
a) 1. whether the grocer was a foreigner.
2. whether the boys were Californians.
3. whether the man who got out of the car was young or
old.
b) 1. why the grocer burst out laughing.
2. why the boys couldn’t make up their minds to ask for
a drink of water.
137
3. what the Judge poured the grocer.
4. what Mr. Abbot said in answer to Joe’s thanks.
24. Составьте короткий рассказ от лица бакалейщика о том, как к нему
пришли три мальчика после купанья в канале. Используйте следующие слова
и словосочетания:
all the way; the grocer; the grocery store; a can of beans;
a loaf of bread; a foreigner; Californians; to dive into mud; ice
cold; to get excited; burst out laughing; a wooden fork; paper
plates; to divide into; an old man; with his mouth full of beans;
the most heroic; to take a drink; a bottle of wine; apple juice;
a small barrel with a tap; thanks very much; not at all; by that
time rain stopped; to dry the clothes; to be thankful.
"к 25 К. а) Составьте пять специальных вопросов к членам предложения и один
общий вопрос.
That morning the boys were walking along the highway to
Malaga.
b) Составьте один альтернативный вопрос, относящийся к подлежащему;
один расчлененный вопрос и один отрицательный общий вопрос.
The boys swam across the canal.
★ 26 К. Откройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужной форме:
a) Past Continuous, Past Indefinite, Past Perfect.
1. When I (to walk) into my room I (to see) my sister there.
She (already + to arrive) and (to sit) in the chair. 2. He (to tell)
me that he (not + to hear) from his brother the last two weeks.
3. When I (to come) in my brother (to listen) to the radio. He (to
say) that he (to turn) on the radio half an hour before. 4. Last
night we (to come) home late, we (to have) some tea and then
he (to tell) me what (to happen) during his trip to the South.
5. The room (to be) dark when I (to enter) it. I (to switch) on the
light and (to see)» that my cousin (to take) away all the unneces
sary books.
b) Past Indefinite, Past Perfect, Future in the Past.
1. Last night Victor (to tell) me how he (to take) part in the
expedition to the North. He said he (to finish) his written report
on Monday. 2. Yesterday Victor (to tell) me he (to be) to Batumi
a week before and (to have) a long talk with my eldest brother.
3. Ten minutes ago Ann (to tell) me that she (to send) a telegram
to her brother an hour before. She was sure her brother (to receive)
the telegram in time.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 3 (A )
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 3 (Б )
I (he, she, it) had been Had I (he, she, it) I (he, she, it) had not
sent there. been sent there? been sent there.
We (you, they) had been Had we (you, they) We (you, they) had not
sent there. been sent there? been sent there.
147
Упражнение 6 К. Заполните пропуски союзами as...as, so...as, than no
смыслу.
1. I hope this football match will be more interesting ... the last
Sunday’s match. 2. He likes to study history ... much as geography.
3. My friend Peter finds autumn ... pleasant ... spring. 4. History
is not ... interesting to Nick ... geography is. He finds geography
more interesting ... history.
149
better than I liked the old one. It was light and clean. There were
four chairs there and they were all occupied. The customers in
three chairs were having their hair cut. The young man in the
nearest chair was having his beard and moustache trimmed. His
hair had already been cut.
I thought I should have to wait a long time. I did not expect
the barber to do the job as quickly as he actually did. The barber
was an experienced one and it took him only six or seven minutes
to trim the beard and the moustache of his customer. The more
I looked round the barber shop, the more I liked it.
A few minutes later I heard the barber say, “Next”, and I took
the vacant chair. The barber washed his hands and then asked,
“What can I do for you?”
“I want to have my hair cut,” I said. I only had my hair cut.
I did not have .a shave at the barber’s because I had shaved at
home.
Opposite the barber shop there is a hairdresser shop. The hair
dresser shop is not so large as the barber shop but it is as nice
as any that I have ever seen. As a rule there are always a few
women here waiting for their turn. They usually sit at a table on
which there are newspapers and magazines, some of them with
the latest fashions.
Ф AT THE BARBER S
Пояснения к тексту
I. Won’t you sit down? — Вы не присядете? (Садитесь, пожа
луйста.)
Jokes
GOOD ADVI CE
The more we study, the more we know. The more we know, the
more we forget. The more we forget, the less we know. The less
we know, the less we forget. The less we forget, the more we
know. So why study?
IN THE MEANTIME. . .
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 10
8. Прочтите текст урока дважды: сначала про себя, стараясь понять его общее
содержание, а затем вслух и переведите его устно на русский язык.
9. Отработайте чтение отрывка, записанного на грампластинку.
★ 10. Найдите в тексте урока слова и словосочетания, соответствующие сле
дующим:
я увидел, как мужчина занял единственное свободное место;
мне пришлось подождать своей очереди; я огляделся; все кресла
были заняты; молодому человеку подравнивали усы и бороду;
напротив дамская парикмахерская; я буду свободен (освобожусь)
через несколько минут; я тороплюсь сегодня; мне нужно побрить
ся; да, так достаточно; сюда, пожалуйста; вам не придется долго
151
ждать; ваша очередь; придется подождать до следующей недели; в
любой день на следующей неделе; подходит мне больше всего.
II К. Переведите следующие предложения, слова и словосочетания на русский
язык:
1. The news (to broadcast) before the girl (to put) on her hat
and coat. 2. Peter (to tell) me what (to happen) to his father.
3. Nick (to look) at the man who was sitting in the next chair.
Nick was sure he (to see) the man before. Nick remembered that
he (to meet) the man at the theatre the night before. 4. We (to
enter) a cafe. John (to order) two cups of coffee and (to tell)
me what (to happen). He (to say) that the letter (to look) for
everywhere. We (to bring) two cups of coffee by a young waitress.
It (to be) not very hot, the same kind they (to give) us in the
camp.
★ 14 К. Соедините следующие предложения, прибавив after или before по смыслу.
Глагол одного из предложений поставьте в Past Perfect Passive Voice.
1. Mrs. Adams went to the hairdresser’s. All arrangements were
made over the phone. 2. He did not go to the nearest barber shop.
His beard was badly trimmed there. 3. The magazine was put
on the table. I came to the barber shop. 4. My moustache was
trimmed. I left the barber shop.
152
★ 16 К. Переведите на русский язык.
1. I shall have my kitchen painted next week. 2. When I entered the
hairdresser’s a young woman was having her hair done. 3. Victor
goes to the barber shop once every ten days to have his moustache
and beard trimmed.
★ 17 К. Переведите на русский язык. Укажите, какой частью речи являются
выделенные слова.
1. Vera is her only daughter. Ann speaks only English. 2. It
was a wide window. His eyes were wide open. 3. He is the very
man I am looking for. I know this man very well. 4. Ann is a
pretty girl. This article is pretty interesting. 5. They came from
a far village. They went far. 6. This highway runs straight. It is a
straight highway. 7. It rained hard last night. I don’t like hard
apples. 8. You won’t have to wait long. We waited for along tim
before they came.
★ 18 К. Перепишите предложения и поставьте наречия, стоящие в скобках,
в сравнительную или превосходную степень по смыслу.
1. I like that barber shop (well) than this one. 2. Yesterday I
got up (early) than usual. 3. Ann speaks French (well) of all.
4. He knows English (badly) than his brother. 5. I read (little)
than my sister. 6. The old man was sitting (comfortably) in the
only armchair. 7. She reads (much) than I do.
19 К. Заполните пропуски наречиями или прилагательными по смыслу.
1. The paint was not very ..., but he managed to paint the
floor quite ... (good, well). 2. He was an experienced barber and
trimmed my beard ... . He gave me a ... answer (quick, quickly).
★ 20 К. Вставьте as... as, (not) so... as, than.
1. This barber shop is ... light ... the new one. 2. This barber
shop is lighter and bigger ... the old one. 3. This highway is ...
wide ... Minsk Highway. 4. Going by train is ... quick ... going by
plane. 5. Girls now have their hair cut ... short ... boys.
★ 21 К. Заполните пропуски определенным или неопределенным артиклем, где
это необходимо.
1. I try to have my hair cut early in ... morning because ...
fewer are ... customers, ... better is ... service. 2. There are always
more customers at ... hairdresser’s than at ... barber’s. 3. ... women
usually devote more time to hairdressing than ... men do. 4. As ...
rule I always have my hair cut by ... same barber and so I some
times have to wait for my turn for ... long time.
22 К. Заполните пропуски предлогами или наречиями там, где это необхо
димо.
At th e B a r b e r ’s
1. When I entered ... the barber shop yesterday, I saw a vacant
seat ... the corner. 2. The barber asked me to sit ... . 3. I told him
153
to trim my hair ... the back and ... the sides but not to take ... too
much ... the front. 4. While the barber was cutting my hair a few
customers came ... the hall. 5. They sat ........ the table and began
to read newspapers. 6. They were waiting ... their turn.
23 К. Заполните пропуски словами из списка по смыслу. Глаголы поставь
те в соответствующем времени.
(turn, sharp, to occupy, only, to suit, seats, to trim, vacant,
paint, beard, actually)
1. The cinema was not very comfortable, and most of the ...
were broken. 2. Nick remembered that he had shaved off his ... .
3. I was given a hard bed in the small room, the ... place that was
not occupied. 4. We entered the room and immediately felt the ...
smell of paint. 5. Entering the garden he saw that the grass ... not
long before. 6. The old woman ... with her own thoughts. 7. I had
no time and could not wait for my ... to have my hair cut. 8. All
the seats had been occupied long before and when I came into
the hall there were no ... seats at all. 9. That was ... all he had
painted before he came home from the South. 10. She did not like
the smell of the new ... . 11. The ten o’clock train ... us very well
next Sunday.
24 К. Выделенные слова и словосочетания замените подходящими по смыслу
словами и словосочетаниями из текста урока.
1. As I entered the barber shop I saw a man take the last seat
which was not occupied. 2. I did not expect the barber to do the
job as quickly as he really did. 3. Won’t you take a seat and look
through the magazines? 4. Nine o’clock is the most convenient
time.
25 К. Измените предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали фактам, изложен
ным в тексте урока.
1. When I entered the barber shop I did not feel the smell of the
paint at all. 2. There were four chairs there and they were all
vacant. 3. As a rule there are never any women here waiting for
their turn. 4. There are magazines, some of them with old fashions.
5. Last night I made arrangem ents in person for ten o’clock. 6. You
will have to wait for a long time. 7. “I want to have my hair cut,”
said the lady. 8. I am not busy now.
157
Определенный артикль ставится перед употребляемыми в
разговорном языке словами the flu [flu:] (сокр. от influenza) и
the grippe.
Probably he has fallen ill with the Вероятно, он заболел гриппом,
grippe.
She has not fully recovered from the Она еще не поправилась полностью
flu yet. от гриппа.
★ Упражнение 3 К. Заполните пропуски определенным или неопределен
ным артиклем, где это необходимо.
1. My uncle caught ... bad cold yesterday. 2. I shall not go to
the theatre because I have ... headache. 3. Ann is at home already,
she has ... sore throat. 4. Father did not go to work, he has ...
grippe. 5. The temperature usually goes up when one falls ill
with ... influenza. 6. Everybody knows that ... quinsy is a serious
illness.
§ 55. Восклицательное предложение.
Exclamatory Sentence
Восклицательное предложение выражает сильное чувство удив
ления, радости, огорчения, негодования, восторга и т. п.
Восклицательные предложения обычно начинаются место
имением what — какой, что за и наречием how — как. Если после
what стоит и с ч и с л я е м о е с у щ е с т в и т е л ь н о е в е д и н
с т в е н н о м ч и с л е , топеред ним употребляется н е о п р е
д е л е н н ы й а р т и к л ь . Если после what стоит неисчисляемсе
существительное или исчисляемое существительное во множе
ственном числе, то артикль не ставится.
Восклицательное предложение произносится с сильным па
дением голоса на существительном, следующим за местоимением
what, или на прилагательном, следующим за наречием how.
What a nice"\boy John is!
H o w ^ happy I was to see him!
W hat a nice time we had! Как мы хорошо провели время!
How cold it is today! Как холодно сегодня!
How well she swims! Как хорошо она плавает!
W hat a warm evening! Какой теплый вечер!
W hat interesting work! Какая интересная работа!
W hat fine weather we are having! Какая хорошая погода сейчас!
Упражнение 4 К. Сделайте следующие предложения восклицательными,
используя местоимение what или наречие how.
1. Не will do important work. 2. They ran fast. 3. It was fine
weather. 4. The weather is bad today. 5. She is clever.
162
Текст
GOOD HEALTH IS ABOVE WEALTH1
6* 163
GEORGE: Will you be able to come and see me tonight?
FRANK: I’m sorry, I don’t feel quite well.
GEORGE: What is the matter with you?
FRANK: I have a bad cold and a cough. I feel more dead than
alive.2 I think I have the grippe. I am going to see the doctor today.
GEORGE: I am very sorry to hear that you don’t feel well. I hope
you will soon recover.
FRANK: Well, I hope it will not develop into anything serious.
Come to see me when you have a little time.
GEORGE: I’m sure you will have quite recovered by the end of
this week. I shall come to see you tomorrow.
FRANK: Drop in at four o’clock tomorrow.
GEORGE: Unfortunately I can’t. I have to talk to Professor Smith
about a patient of his who was operated on for appendicitis.
FRANK: Oh, what an unpleasant thing!
GEORGE: Yes, the operation was rather serious. We are to meet
at 5 o’clock at the hospital. I’ll come at seven. Good-bye. •
(Based on the London Linguaphone Course)
Пояснения к тексту
1. Good health is above wealth.— Доброе здоровье дороже
богатства (пословица).
2. I feel more dead than alive. — зд. Я чуть жив. (доел.: Ни жив
ни мертв.)
Jokes
OPERATI ON
“Why did you cut out the back part of the new book I bought?”
the wife asked an absent-minded doctor.
“Oh, goodness me,” he exclaimed. “It was marked “Appendix”,*
and I took it out without thinking.”
A FATAL MI STAKE**
164
“Never but once,” replied the surgeon.
“Was it fatal?”
“Almost, I asked 75 dollars for an operation and I found out later
that the patient had 800 dollars.”
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ И
7. Прочтите текст урока дважды: сначала про себя, стараясь понять его общее
содержание, а затем вслух и переведите его устно на русский язык.
8. Отработайте чтение отрывка, записанного на грампластинку.
★ 9. Найдите в тексте урока слова и словосочетания, соответствующие
следующим:
делать утреннюю гимнастику; если вы когда-нибудь заболеете;
история болезни; высокая температура; пощупать пульс; сильно
кашлять; измерять кровяное давление; ряд вопросов; симптомы
своей болезни; лекарство; рецепт; отнес рецепт в аптеку; через
неделю; что с тобой; заходи, когда у тебя будет время; я слишком
занят; мы должны встретиться; он был оперирован по поводу
аппендицита.
165
★ 13 К. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык.
1. Вчера моя сестра сказала, что она плохо себя чувствует.
2. Врач сказал, что у нее грипп. 3. Врач обещал, что она выздо
ровеет через несколько дней. 4. Виктор пришел Из аптеки и сказал,
что лекарство будет готово через час. 5. Я думал, что врач выслу
шивает сердце пациента, а он измеряет кровяное давление у
старика. 6. Врач оперировал этого больного вчера. 7. Я знал,
что это лекарство снизит температуру.
★ 14 К. Сделайте следующие предложения восклицательными, используя:
a) Местоимение what:
1. She has high blood pressure. 2. These are important instruc
tions. 3. It was a serious illness. 4. I have a bad headache. 5. He
is a difficult patient.
b) Наречие how:
1. He feels bad. 2. She often falls ill. 3. They recovered quickly.
4. He examined him thoroughly.
c) Местоимение what или наречие how по смыслу:
1. They are nice children. 2. He has a regular pulse. 3. This
exercise is easy. 4. It is a cold morning. 5. He feels well. 6. She
washed quickly. 7. They swim fast.
15 К. Заполните пропуски определенным или неопределенным артиклем, где
это необходимо.
173
razor, and rang the bell for hot water. In a few minutes a maid
appeared. Isherwood was standing in the middle of the room. Her
appearance was so sudden that he forgot the Italian for hot water,
and so had to use English, which was typical of an Englishman.
“Hot water, please.”
The maid knew much more English than Isherwood knew
Italian and the hot water was brought in a white jug.
“Anything else, sir?” she asked.
“No, nothing else, thank you,” and the maid disappeared.
Thomas shaved and washed himself, and brushed his hair, and
noticed that he was growing grey at the temples. He unpacked his
things and took out a pair of grey trousers. He looked at his watch
and heard the sound of a gong. Thomas understood that it was
time for dinner, and that he would have to change and go down
and eat something. He went down. After the dinner, which was
not very tasty, he went upstairs to his dark room and slept till five.
• In the evening he went to see the doctor whom he had been
told to consult.
He introduced himself: “My name is Isherwood. Dr. Haggard
himself told me to see you at once. I feel very glad you are here.”
Dr. Burt was a big man with a beard. He wore spectacles.
Isherwood liked his appearance.
“ I’ll have to examine you,” said the doctor.
“Of course. One lung was rather badly touched, but Dr. H ag
gard told me that it had healed.”4
- Dr. Burt made a thorough examination. Isherwood’s eyes were
anxious, and the doctor noticed their anxiety. The man had been
badly frightened. But that was natural.
“You can dress. I can find no signs of any active lung trou
ble.”5
“Good.”
“What about your weight?”
“I put on ten pounds at home.”
“Excellent. Put on another ten pounds. I myself will weigh
you once a month.”
Isherwood was putting on his shirt.
“Doctor, I must know the truth. Have I been sent here to die?”
The doctor looked at him and tried to encourage him with
kind words.
“ I’m sure that you are going to live to be seventy. That is my
point of view.”
Isherwood tied his tie, and the doctor noticed that he looked
at himself anxiously in the mirror.
“Eat well and take long walks in the fresh air.”
“May I smoke?”
“Not very much. Keep cheerful. You don’t really need anything
else! Come and have dinner with us on Friday and meet my
wife.”
“Thanks. Very kind of y o u /’ •
(E xtract from Exile by W. Deeping, adapted)
174
Пояснения к тексту
1. Не wore tweeds [twbdz] — Он был одет в костюм из твида.
Твид— пестрая шерстяная материя; зд. tweeds — костюм из
твида.
2. the luggage ticket — багажная квитанция
3. gong [дэд] — гонг — медный диск с загнутыми краями, при
меняется для подачи сигналов.
4. One lung was rather badly touched, but ... it had healed.—
Одно легкое было довольно сильно задето, но ... оно зарубцева
лось.
5. I can find по signs of any active lung trouble.— Я не на
хожу никаких признаков активного процесса в легких (тубер
кулеза) .
Jokes
WHY НЕ CHOS E THAT BRANCH OF MEDI CI NE
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 12
3. Прочтите текст урока дважды: сначала про себя, стараясь понять его общее
содержание, а затем вслух и переведите его устно на русский язык.
4. Отработайте чтение отрывка текста, записанного на грампластинку.
★ 5. Найдите в тексте урока слова и словосочетания, соответствующие сле
дующим:
приехать утренним поездом; выглядеть уставшим; коричне
вый кожаный чемодан; искать носильщика; ему показали ком
нату на третьем этаже; окно выходило на север; вид был неин
тересный; он посмотрел на себя в зеркало; он чувствовал себя
175
довольно плохо; я сам буду вас взвешивать один раз в месяц;
очень любезно с вашей стороны.
6 К. Переведите следующие предложения и словосочетания на русский язык.
1. Не wore a grey overcoat and a blue and white scarf. 2. No
one came to meet him. 3. a typical Englishman just capable of
asking; 4. Give me the change. 5. dirty and cheap; 6. rang the bell
for hot water; 7. a maid appeared; 8. He forgot the Italian for hot
water. 9. which was typical of an Englishman; 10. a white jug;
11. anything else; 12. I’ll have to examine you.
★ 7 К. Переведите текст урока 12 письменно на русский язык, начиная
со слов: Thomas shaved and washed himself... и кончая словами: Isherwood liked
his appearance.
I s h e r w o o d ’s Ar rival
1. That morning ... young Englishman arrived at ... small Ital
ian station. 2. ... Englishman, whose name was Isherwood, arrived
by one of ... morning trains. 3. Isherwood looked tired. He said he
had not slept in ... train ... whole night. 4. Isherwood slowly walked
along ... platform looking for ... porter. 5. At last he found one and
176
gave him ... luggage ticket. 6. In ... few minutes ... porter brought
... luggage and put it into ... taxi. 7. Isherwood told ... driver to
take him to ... Hotel Flora because it was ... cheapest hotel in ...
town. 8. Isherwood had no ... money and he could not afford ...
better hotel.
12 К. Заполните пропуски предлогами или наречиями там, где это необходимо.
At th e D o c t o r ’s
1. ... the afternoon Thomas went to see Dr. Burt. 2. The doctor
invited him to sit ... and asked him a series ... questions ... his
health. 3. He asked Thomas to take ... his shirt and listened ... his
heart and lungs. 4. Then Dr. Burt asked Thomas ... his weight.
5. When the doctor learned that Thomas had put ... five pounds ...
his arrival ... Italy, he looked anxious. 6. The doctor told Thomas
to take long walks ... the fresh air and he tried to encourage Tho
mas ... kind words.
13 К. Заполните пропуски словами из списка по смыслу. Глаголы поставьте
в соответствующем времени.
(anxiously, change, temples, weight, to introduce, to put on,
natural, appearance, view, anxious, typical, scarf, to disappear,
anxiety)
1. He feels much better and ... weight. 2. The heavy rain spoilt
the beautiful ... of the lake. 3. It is ... for him to swim well, he was
born in a small village on the sea. 4. His home tasks are full of ...
mistakes. 5. They ... quickly in the crowd. 6. When the parents
came home they could not find their children, and were very ... .
7. In ... he is like his father. 8. “My name is Brown.” Then he ...
the others to the professor. 9. The young girl had a bright ...
around her head. 10. Then the professor himself came in — thin,
like his son, with grey ... in dark hair. 11. They were watching the
game ... . 12. The woman paid the money, counted the ... , took her
package and went out of the shop. 13. After the man took the
medicine he lost ... . 14. He waited with ... for the doctor.
14 К. Выделенные слова или словосочетания замените подходящими по смыслу
словами и словосочетаниями из текста урока.
1. The maid entered the room so suddenly that Isherwood for
got the Italian for “hot w ater”. 2. ... and the maid left the room.
3. He went to see the doctor whom he had been told to visit so as
to ask his advice. 4. Isherwood told the doctor his name. 5. “ Г11
have to look you over,” said Dr. Burt. 6.Isherwood’s eyes had a
worried look. 7. “That is what I think.”
15 К. Измените предложения так, чтобы они соответствовали фактам, изло
женным в тексте урока.
1. You must paint the door the same day. 2. He must trim his
beard. 3. She must take the only vacant seat at the door.
★ 23 К. Откройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в нужной форме.
1. I shall not stay in the barber shop if (there + to be) no
vacant seats. 2. If all the seats (to occupy) I shall go home.
3. We shall paint all the doors as soon as we (to buy) some white
paint. 4. He will trim the grass in front of the house after the
storm (to pass).
24 К. Заполните пропуски союзами: as ... as, so ... as по смыслу (см. § 51).
1. This hospital is ... big ... the hospital in Sochi. 2. The GUM
has ... many customers a day ... the Children’s World Store. But
the Children’s World Store hasn’t ... many departments ... the
GUM has. 3. Our TV set is not ... good ... my brother's.
★ 25 К. Откройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужное по смыслу время.
Jean Is G o i n g t o Be O p e r a t e d on
That morning we (to take) to the doctor by the nurse as soon
as we (to arrive). The doctor (to be) as always kind and thorough.
But I (not + to understand) him when he said: “We (to have) to
operate on that leg in the near future, Mrs. Adams. Now it (to be)
shorter than the other one.” The doctor said that they (to send)
for Jean in a week’s time. We (to be) a sad couple as we (to
walk) to the station. Even the ice-cream I (to buy) Jean (not - f to
make) her happy.
X. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Сегодня она чувствует себя лучше, чем вчера. 2. Он самый
высокий мужчина в нашей больнице. 3. Его здоровье хуже, чем
ваше. 4. Он не так занят, как вы. 5. Это самый трудный вопрос.
Визит врача
Врач пришел к Нику. Он тщательно осмотрел Ника. Он по
щупал его пульс, выслушал сердце и легкие и измерил кровяное
давление. Врач сказал, что Ник серьезно болен и должен ле
жать в постели. У Ника была сильная простуда, но врач на
деялся, что она не перейдет в воспаление легких. Мэри хорошо
(надлежащим образом) ухаживала за ним, и через десять дней
Ник был снова вполне здоров.
LESSON THIRTEEN THE THIRTEENTH LESSON
182
★ Упражнение 1 К. Замените действительные обороты страдательными.
1. The doctor is examining the patient. 2. When I entered the
room my daughter was laying the table for three. 3. While Mother
was cooking dinner, Mary was putting the room in order and
laying the table for three.
I shall have been sent Shall I have been sent I shall not have been
there. there? sent there.
He (she, it) will have Will he (she, it) have He (she, it) will not
been sent there. been sent there? have been sent there.
We shall have been sent Shall we have been sent We shall not have been
there. there? sent there.
You (they) will have been Will you (they) have been You (they) will not have
sent there. sent there? been sent there.
built.
By then the new gram m ar rule explained.
the new factories will have been learned.
all the letters repeated.
sent.
184
§ 62. Артикль с названиями кораблей
Названия кораблей употребляются с определенным артиклем:
the ice-breaker “Fyodor Litke” — ледокол «Федор Литке», the
m/v (motor vessel) “Gastello” — теплоход «Гастелло», the “Tita
nic” [tai'taemk] — «Титаник».
Упражнение 4 К. Заполните пропуски определенным или неопределенным ар
тиклем, где это необходимо.
1. ... Soviet Union is bigger than all ... Latin America. 2. Mil
lions of Soviet people consider tourism to be the best type of ...
rest and each year more and mbre people travel to ... Siberia.
3. Many people are interested in travelling along ... Dvina and in
... Arctic Ocean. 4. Last year we went from ... Arkhangelsk to ...
Dixon. 5. We travelled on ... “T a taria ” to ... east. 6 . We enjoyed
our trip to ... island and back to ... Kola Peninsula, to ... Murmansk.
The Soviet Union occupies about one sixth of the land surface
of the globe; it is more than twice as big as any other country in
the world. The sun takes eleven hours to cross it. The distance be
tween Moscow and Vladivostok is greater than between Moscow
and New York. The Soviet Union is bigger than all Latin America,
and its European part alone is greater than all the rest of Europe.
Over one third of the territory of the Soviet Union lies beyond the
Arctic Circle.
In the far north is M urmansk, which is situated on the Kola
Peninsula; here the Northern Sea Route to the east begins. The
famous atomic ice-breaker “Lenin” sails from M urmansk on voy
ages into Arctic waters.
Before 1932 no ship had ever sailed in the ice-bound Arctic
seas. In 1932 the ice-breaker “Sibiryakov” made her 1 voyage from
the White Sea to the Pacific during one season of navigation.
Ordinary ice-breakers cover this distance of five thousand, six
hundred and seventy-one nautical miles 2 from Murmansk to Vla
divostok along the Northern Sea Route in 20—25 days.
The voyage between the same points along the Scandinavian
Coast, across the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Suez
Canal, the Indian Ocean, and the Pacific is twelve thousand, eight
hundred and twenty-nine nautical miles long and takes more than
three months.
Even in the middle of winter it is warmer in Murmansk i! ^n
in Moscow. It is an interesting fact that Murmansk has a higher
average temperature than Astrakhan on the Volga, nearly 20'Ю
miles farther to the south.
When the Baltic Sea at Leningrad and even the northern parts
of the Caspian and the Azov Seas are ice-bound, Murmansk re
mains ice-free. This is because the Gulf Stream brings warm water
across the Atlantic Ocean from the Gulf of Mexico to the Barents
Sea and the Kola Bay 3 on which M urm ansk is situated.
• M urm ansk winters are not very cold but they last a long
time — up to ten months. The central heating of the city operates
320 days a year. In winter it is dark all the time for a couple
of months, and in summer nights are as light as day.
Today M urmansk looks like any other modern city. Broad
streets have been laid and many new houses with all modern con
veniences have been built. Not far from the port there is a seamen’s
club. On the outskirts of the city a new district is being built.
A large part of the city of M urm ansk was destroyed during the
war. It was bombed on the first day of the Great Patriotic War in
1941 and bombing continued up to April 1945. Hundreds of sail
ors, soldiers and officers of the Soviet Army lost their lives here.
Among them was a machine-gunner Anatoly Bredov, Hero of the
190
Soviet Union. The people of M urm ansk named their best fishing
vessel after their hero. •
The M urmansk fishing fleet has its own fishing port, which
is situated next to the commercial port .4 The fishing fleet is being
modernized and requires more and more navigators and mechan
ics every year. The M urm ansk Navigation School, the first higher
educational institution 5 beyond the Arctic Circle, trains the neces
sary specialists.
The fishing continues the whole year. The fish is brought to
a mechanized cannery. By the end of this five-year plan, several
other factories will have been built.
Murmansk is the most important northern port in the Soviet
Union. Timber is brought in large quantities from Siberia and coal
is brought from Spitsbergen and Vorkuta. From M urm ansk large
quantities of apatite are sent to many European countries. The
loading and unloading in the port are fully mechanized.
Today Murmansk is the gateway to the Arctic. It is one of the
largest ports in the world situated beyond the Arctic Circle.
(Based on a series of geographical texts)
Пояснения к тексту
1 . К некоторым неодушевленным существительным среднего
рода англичане часто применяют местоимения женского рода. К
таким существительным относятся ship, boat, vessel, о которых
англичане говорят she, а не it. При употреблении притяжательных
местоимений its соответственно заменятся her.
Не noticed how well the skiff sailed. She is good, he thought.
Он заметил, как хорошо идет лодка. Она (лодка) хорошая, он
подумал. (Э. Хемингуэй)
2. nautical mile [rno:tikol 'mail] — морская миля. Мера дли
ны, равная 1852 метрам, принята для исчисления морских рас
стояний.
3. the Gulf of Mexico — Мексиканский залив; the Kola Bay —
Кольский залив; русскому слову «залив» соответствуют слова:
g u lf— морской залив с узким входом; bay — залив, букета с бо
лее широким входом, чем gulf.
4. next to the commercial port — рядом с торговым портом
5. the first higher educational institution — первое высшее учеб
ное заведение
Proverbs
Never offer to teach fish to swim. He учи рыбу плавать. (He
ученого.)
Never fry fish till it’s caught. He радуйся раньше времени.
(Цыплят по осени считают.)
191
Jokes
ARCTIC EXPLORER*
192
★ 14 К- Замените действительный оборот страдательным.
1. Our cannery is building houses for the workers in M ur
mansk. 2. When I entered the room my friends were talking about
the new mechanized system of loading timber. 3. At our cannery
more experienced workers teach the young workers. 4. Experienced
workers and specialists made interesting reports at the seamen’s
club last winter. 5. They had prepared everything for unloading
the ship by eight o’clock. 6 . The young engineers will have finished
the work by the end of the week. 7. The Gulf Stream brings warm
water into the Barents Sea. 8 . The people of M urm ansk named
one of the fishing vessels after Anatoly Bredov.
15 К. Откройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужной по смыслу форме.
Choosing a Suit
1. On that summer morning Alec and his wife (to walk) down
a broad street in Murmansk. 2. Soon they (to arrive) at the new
department store in the centre of the city and (to go) in. 3 . Alec
and Mary (to find) the department where men’s clothes (to sell).
4. Alec (to want) to buy a grey suit and (to ask) the salesman to
show him one. 5. Alec (to show) two suits. One (to be) just his
size and (to fit) him perfectly but Mary (not + to like) its colour.
6 . The other (to be) rather wide for Alec. 7. The salesman told
Alec that they (to receive) more suits a few days later and (to
have) a better choice. 8 . Alec (to say) he (to come) on Tuesday
again.
★ 16 К. Переведите на английский язык.
1 . К этому времени на следующей неделе мы приедем в Сочи.
2. К июлю будущего года он сдаст все экзамены в Мореходном
училище. 3. К концу этого месяца Алик вернется домой из пла
вания. 4. Газеты пишут, что холодная и дождливая погода из
менится к пятнице.
17 К. Заполните пропуски предлогами или наречиями, где это необходимо.
Visiting a Cannery
1. A few years ago I visited a cannery which is situated ... the
coast ... the Azov Sea ... the town of Kerch. 2. The manager
showed me the cold store (холодильник, склад) ... the factory.
3. As we stopped ... the gate ... the cold store. I wanted to go ...
but I was stopped ... the manager. 4. He made me put ... a heavy
coat and he put ... one himself. 5. The heavy door opened and we
went ... the cold store. 6 . Half a minute later I forgot the heat ... .
7. It was so cold that I was trembling .... cold. 8 . The tem pera
ture ... the cold store was ... zero.
7 Заказ 223 193
★ 18 К. Заполните пропуски определенным или неопределенным артик
лем, где это необходимо.
Russian Seamen
1 . ... geography has for ... centuries been ... favourite science
of ... Russian people. 2. In ... 14th and ... 15th centuries ... Russian
seamen made many voyages to ... foreign countries. 3. ...Afanasy
Nikitin visited ... India before ... Vasco de Gama. 4. In 1648 Se
myon Dezhnev travelled from ... Kolyma River to ... Anadir situated
on ... coast of ... Bering Sea, crossing ... north-east part of Arctic
Ocean. 5. ...Lomonosov dreamed of ... sea route from ... Europe
to ... Pacific Ocean along ... Siberian coast. 6 . In Soviet times ...
“ Sibiryakov” sailed from ... White Sea to ... Pacific along ... north
coast of ... Siberia in one navigation season. This was in ... year
1932.
19 К. Выделенные слова или словосочетания замените подходящими по
смыслу словами или словосочетаниями из текста урока.
1. In the Far North is M urm ansk which stands on the Kola
Peninsula. 2. In 1932 the “ Sibiryakov”— a ship used for breaking
the ice at sea made her voyage from the White Sea to the Pacific.
3. It takes the usual type of ice-breaker from 20 to 25 days to sail
from M urmansk to Vladivostok. 4. Hundreds of sailors, soldiers
and officers were killed here. 5. The fishing fleet is being changed
and made better. 6 . The M urm ansk Navigation School prepares
the necessary specialists. 7. The loading and unloading in the port
are done only by machines. 8 . Murmansk is one of the largest
ports in the world situated above the Arctic Circle.
20 К. Сгруппируйте данные ниже слова по два по противоположному
значению.
to last, open, less, north, to build, narrow, closed, ice-bound,
to destroy, cold, in the centre, loading, south, to stop, ice-free,
unloading, on the outskirts, more, wide, warm.
21 К. Заполните пропуски словами из списка по смыслу. Глаголы поставьте
в соответствующей форме.
(to destroy, to train, timber, •ordinary, ice-free, beyond, surface, •
voyages, territories, to lose one's life, to mechanize, globe, unload
ing, quantity, to be situated, point)
1. The USSR has ... both in Asia and in Europe. 2. In the
18th century Russian seamen travelled to every part of the ... .
3. A large ... of timber has been brought by this vessel. 4. It was
his ... day’s work. 5. Great Britain has many ... seaports. 6 . Many
Indians ... fighting for their independence in America. 7. In the
port of N. 96.5 (ninety-six point five) per cent of the loading and
unloading ... . 8 . These navigators and mechanics ... at a special
school last year. 9. The loading and ... of apatite are fully mechan
ized. 10. Bulgaria ... in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula.
1 1 . Columbus had made many ... before he discovered America.
194
12. Warsaw is situated on either bank of the Vistula, at the ...
where the river is crossed by railway lines. 13. Almost 4 /5 (four
fifths) of Coventry ... during World War II. 14. The ... of the sea was
calm. 15. Soviet ice-breakers sail for many months ... the Arctic
Circle.
★ 22 К. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Мурманск — незамерзающий порт. Он расположен на
Кольском полуострове недалеко от Баренцева моря за поляр
ным кругом. 2. Благодаря Гольфстриму вода в Кольском заливе
часто теплее воздуха. Зимы в Мурманске не очень холодные, но
они длятся до десяти месяцев. 3. Средняя температура в Мур
манске выше, чем в Астрахани. Порт открыт для судоходства
двенадцать месяцев в году. 4. В Мурманске всегда можно увидеть
много судов. Погрузка и разгрузка в порту полностью меха
низированы. 5. К концу этой пятилетки в Мурманске будет построено
несколько заводов.
23. Прочтите вслух вопросы и ответьте устно на них. Правильность отве
тов проверьте по тексту урока.
1. How much of the land surface of the globe does the Soviet
Union occupy? 2. How long does it take the sun to cross the Soviet
Union? 3. What distance is greater, the distance between Moscow
and Vladivostok or between Moscow and New York? 4. What is
bigger, the European part of the Soviet Union or all the rest of
Europe? 5. Does any territory of the Soviet Union lie beyond the
Arctic Circle? 6 . Where is M urm ansk situated? 7. What famous
ice-breaker sailed from M urmansk into Arctic waters? 8 . How long
did it take the ice-breaker “Sibiryakov” to make a voyage from
the White Sea to the Pacific in 1932? 9. How long does the voyage
from Murmansk to Vladivostok through the Suez Canal take?
10. W l^re is the average temperature higher, in M urmansk or in
Astrakhan? 11. Why do M urmansk winters last a long time?
12. Where is a new district being built in Murmansk? 13. Why
have the people of Murmansk named one of their best fishing ves
sels after Anatoly Bredov? 14. What specialists are trained at the
Murmansk Navigation School? 15. Why is M urmansk one of the
most important northern ports in the Soviet Union? *
24. Переделайте косвенные вопросы в прямые и ответьте на них.
Ask your friend:
1. what begins in Murmansk.
2. why the water in the sea in Murmansk is ice-free' in winter.
3. how long winter in M urmansk lasts.
4. whether summer nights in M urmansk are dark or light.
5. where the fishing port of Murmansk is situated.
6 . what goods are sent from M urmansk to many European
countries.
LESSON FOURTEEN THE FOURTEENTH LESSON
196
with everything because they achieved their aim. 4. I think they
ought to do everything possible to get there in time. 5. They are
allowed to work here. 6 . b to ld Nick that he was allowed to switch
on the TV set. 7. She will be allowed to take a vacation next month.
198
w. comb, to push through проталкивать ( с я ) ; пробивать(ся)
e. g. We pushed through the crowd without much difficulty.
Мы пробивались сквозь толпу без большого труда,
raincoat ['reinkout] п непромокаемое пальто; плащ
red [red] а рыжий
е. g. Nick was a tall man with red hair. Ник был высоким
человеком с рыжими волосами,
rescue ['reskju:] v спасать
е. g. They rescued the crew of the ship in distress. Они спас
ли команду корабля, терпящего бедствие,
rope [roup] п канат, веревка
shake [J*eik] v (past shook [Juk], p. p. shaken ['jeikan]) 1 . трясти;
2. дрожать, трястись
e. g. In order to get the apple the boy shook the apple-tree.
Чтобы достать яблоко, мальчик потряс яблоню,
shock [Jbk] п удар, толчок
е. g. A sharp shock woke me up. Резкий толчок разбудил
меня.
shore [Jo:] п берег (моря)
е. g. Everybody ran to the shore to see the ship arrive.
Все побежали на берег моря, чтобы посмотреть на при
бытие корабля,
signal ['signal] п сигнал
е- §• Signals of distress were sent by radio. Сигналы бед
ствия были переданы по радио,
success [sak'ses] п успех
successfully [sak'sesfuli] adv успешно
е. g. The sailors reached the shore successfully. Матросы
успешно достигли берега.
ant. unsuccessfully adv безуспешно
terrible [ЧегэЫ] а ужасный, страшный
e. g. It was a terrible shock to him. Это был ужасный удар
для него,
wave [weiv] п волна
е. g. The ship was thrown onto the shore by the waves. Ко
рабль был выброшен волнами на берег,
wreck [rek] п крушение, авария
е. g. We discussed this wreck more than once. Мы неодно
кратно обсуждали это крушение.
Текст
• THE STORM
200
It was half past nine, but the inhabitants of Llandudno were
walking along the main street and discussing the storm which was
quite unusual in the month of August. People who had visited
Llandudno every summer for twenty-five years said that they had
never seen such a storm. The new life-boat had gone out to sea
about six o’clock, had achieved nothing and at eight o’clock a
second life-boat, which was an old one, had left to rescue the crew
of the “H jalm ar” .
“Let us go to the pier,” said George.
“Nobody is allowed to go to the pier,” said the girls.
When they pushed through the crowd and at last arrived at the
gate to the pier, George saw some figures on the pier. The gate
was closed. He approached the gate and showed a card to the
man at the gate.
“Press,” said George and was allowed to pass. “Come along!”
he cried to the girls. “These ladies are with me,” he said and the
man let them pass. It was a victory for George.
The people on the pier said that the second life-boat had suc
cessfully rescued the crew of the Norwegian ship in distress and
was approaching the pier.
“I shall write an article about this for the “ Signal”,” said
George, whose thoughts were on the press . 1
“Oh, by all means!” exclaimed the girls.
• The pier shook and trembled under the shock of the waves.
The girls could see only the roaring waves. George and the girls
had never been so excited. At last the second life-boat approached
the pier. Everybody saw her and the little crowd shouted with joy.
A rope was thrown to the pier and George caught it. Then two
men with beards took the rope from his hands. Several men rushed
down to the lower part of the pier.
“Youstay here,” George told the girls and rushed down after
the men to the lower part of the pier.
George saw the arrival of the life-boat and the landing of the
rescued crew of the Norwegian ship. Soon the crowd disappeared
with the exception of a man with a red beard, who stayed behind
to examine the life-boat. He was captain of the boat.
As a journalist George knew that he ought to have aconversa
tion with him. A few questions were asked and were answered.
The next morning the sun was shining on the sea, which was
still stormy. A strong wind was still blowing. Everybody was
talking of the storm and life-boats. Llandudno was very proud of
its old brave life-boat which had brought to the shore the whole
crew of the “H jalm ar” in a terrible storm.
George was dead tired 2 because he had been a journalist till
three o’clock in the morning. At 6 o’clock in the morning he rose,
took an envelope and sent his article to the editor of the “ Signal”
by train to Stafford.
In the afternoon George and the two girls were cheerfully
walking along the main street when a newsboy brought the
201
“ Signal”, which had just arrived. George bought one newspaper
and opened it, and on the first page he saw his article.
“The terrible storm in North Wales. Special Report.” And at
the top of the page were the following words of the editor: “We
are thankful to Mr. Brown, a well-known figure in Stafford,” etc.
It was like a dream. It was a great success. Without a word
George gave the newspaper to Ruth. In his heart he was proud of
himself. •
(E xtract from The Card by Arnold Bennett, adapted)
Пояснения к тексту
1. ...said George, whose thoughts were on the press.— ... ска
зал Джордж, мысли которого были заняты прессой.
2 . George was dead tired — Джордж смертельно устал
Proverbs
The exception proves the rule. Исключение подтверждает пра
вило.
It’s hard sailing when there is Трудно плыть под парусами,
no wind. когда нет ветра.
Jokes
НЕ LIKED THE RAIN
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К УРОКУ 14
4. Прочтите текст урока дважды: сначала про себя, стараясь понять его
общее содержание, а затем вслух и переведите его устно на русский язык.
5. Отработайте чтение отрывка, записанного на грампластинку.
6. Найдите в тексте урока слова, имеющие общий корень со следующими
словами:
шторм, пирс, фигура, пресса, карточка, , журналист, сигнал,
капитан.
★ 7. Найдите в тексте урока слова и словосочетания, соответствующие
следующим:
когда поезд достиг Ландадно; спасательная шлюпка; нор
вежский; жители Ландадно гуляли п о‘главной улице и обсуждали
202
шторм; ничего не достигла; спасательная лодка ушла, чтобы спасти
команду; эти дамы со мной; вторая спасательная шлюпка успешно
спасла команду; нижняя часть пирса; за исключением; как
журналист; который только что прибыл; мы благодарны мистеру
Брауну.
8 К. Переведите следующие предложения, слова и словосочетания на русский
язык.
1. a storm at sea; 2. raincoat; 3. which was quite unusual; 4. a
ship in distress; 5. they pushed through the crowd; 6 . George was
allowed to pass; 7 . Come along! 8 . whose thoughts where on the
press; 9. several men rushed down; 10. George knew that he ought
to have a conversation with him. 1 1 . he was dead tired; 1 2 . the
editor; 13. a newsboy; 14. special report; 15. In his heart he was
proud of himself.
★ 9 К. Переведите текст урока 14, начиная со слов: The pier shook and
trembled ... и кончая словами: A few questions were asked and were an
swered.
The “Т i t a n i с” L о s t
1. In the morning when Sam entered ... the dining-room, Helen
was sitting ь\ the table ... the morning newspaper ... her hands,
and her face was as white as chalk. 2. Sam saw great black let
ters ... the top of the page: “The Titanic Lost”. 3. Helen’s sister and
her husband were ... the “Titanic”. 4. Sam hurried ... the “White
S ta r ” office. He saw a crowd ... people ... the entrance waiting ...
their turn to go in. 5. The people were anxious to find ... what had
happened ... their relatives and friends. 6 . At last Sam was called
... the office. 7. A man asked him to sit ... and said: “Well,
Mr. Braden, I have good news ... you. Mr. Elliot was rescued ...
thfe “Carpathia”.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 5 (A )
1. How long does it take the sun to cross the Soviet Union? (Les
son 13)
2. Which of the life-boats rescued the crew of the Norwegian sbip
in distress? (Lesson 14)
III. Поставьте к данному предложению три специальных вопроса и один аль
тернативный вопрос к прямому дополнению.
George showed a card to the man.
IV. Замените, действительный оборот страдательным.
1. When we came to the cannery, the workers were cleaning the
fish. 2. These workers are building a new district. 3. Our factory built
206
a new club last year, as a big fire had destroyed the old one. 4. Young
engineers are mechanizing the port. 5. The Soviet Government will
have opened many new factories in M urmansk by the end of the next
five-year plan.
V. Переведите на русский язык.
a) 1. Where is Denny? — He ought to be in his room. 2. Don’t
quarrel with your aunt, you ought to reinember her age. 3. It is going
to rain, you ought to take an umbrella.
b) 1. Why was George allowed to go to the pier? 2. The girls
were also allowed to pass, weren’t they? 3. Fishing boats were not
allowed to leave the port because of the storm.
VI. Откройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в нужном по смыслу времени и залоге.
Storm in Llandudno
The weather was bad and it (to rain) hard. The train (slowly +
to approach) Llandudno. When the train (to stop) two girls (to
greet) George at the station and (to tell) him that all the inhabitants
of Llandudtio (to go) to the port two hours before.
George (to decide) to go to the port at once and they (to hurry)
to the pier. When they (to reach) the pier, they (to tell) that the old
life-boat (already + to rescue) the crew of the “H jalm ar” . The life
boat (to expect) to come any minute.
George (to tell) the girls that he (to write) an article about the
“H jalm ar”. As he (not + to know) Norwegian he (to speak) to the
captain of* the life-boat. After George (to gather) enough material
he (to go) home and (to begin)' writing an article. By 3 o’clock in the
morning the article (to finish).
VII. Заполните пропуски определенным или неопределенным артиклем, где
это необходимо.
Murmansk is situated on ... Kola Peninsula beyond ... Arctic
Circle. It is ... very important port in ... north of />. USSR. M urmansk
is about ... size of ... Hull, one of ... fishing centres of :.. Britain.
Comrade Ivanov, who is ... captain of ... “Anatoly Bredov”, said
to ... journalist from Leningrad: “... few years ago only :.. M urmansk
vessels sailed long distances in ... Atlantic. Now ... collective fisheries
(рыболовецкие артели) which are situated along ... Baltic Coast
and ... Gulf of Riga, have many fishing vessels. These vessels operate
not only in ... North Atlantic but also n e artta shores of ... Africa.
УРОК 1
1 К.
a) 1. Is the old teacher seen? 2. Were these articles translated?
3. Was this brown dress bought by Mother? 4. Are English films
shown? 5. Will breakfast be served?
b) 1. The old teacher is not seen. 2. These articles were not
translated. 3. This brown dress was not bought. 4. English films are
not shown. 5. Breakfast will not (won’t) be served.
2 K.
1. New houses were (will be) built. 2. The new text was (will
be) read. 3. Our task was always done (will always be done) in time.
4. Books in foreign languages were (will be) sold.
3 K.
1. Окна этого кафе большие. 2. Он сказал своему сыну: «Том,
пойди вымой руки мылом, они грязные». 3. Комната была полна
света. 4. «Анна Каренина» была написана Львом Толстым в 1873—
1877 году. 5. Старая женщина сидела в кресле у окна. 6 . «Дай
это яблоко Джону»,— сказала мать Кейт. 7. Собака играла мячом.
4 К.
1. another story 2. the other side 3. other students 4. another
glass of tea 5. but the others were late 6 . the other is yours 7. others
like coffee
5 K.
1. Она учится в музыкальной школе. 2. Кейт купила весеннее
платье. 3. Через несколько минут они пришли в отдел перчаток.
4. Ты найдешь меня у прилавка с галстуками.
6 К.
a) 1. Она была совершенно беспомощна. 2. Все машины в зале
были бесшумны. 3. Вчера я купил очень полезную книгу. 4. Мы
ему очень благодарны за (его) помощь. 5. Наша поездка на юг
была чудесной (замечательной). 6 . Было бесполезно идти туда так
поздно. 7. Он был бессердечным человеком.
b) 1. Весной погода очень непостоянна (изменчива). 2. Пирог
был вполне съедобным. 3. Маленькой девочке не нравятся бью
щиеся куклы. 4. Вода была непригодна для питья. 5. Это были не
забываемые дни.
209
11
к.
1. который известен как магазин «Детский мир». 2. Его посе
щают более 250 ООО покупателей в день. 3. Здесь продается все —
от детской мебели до маленьких игрушек. 4. Товары перевозятся
вверх и вниз с этажа на этаж. 5. Бесконечные залы освещены сот
нями электрических ламп. 6 . Я здесь в отпуске. 7. Мы поженились
восемь лет назад. 8 . Я женат на Мэри. 9. Давай сделаем покупки
вместе. 1 0 . ботинки (туфли) и другие полезные вещи. 1 1 . красный
галстук для своего старшего сына. 1 2 . Я должен быть в гостинице
в четыре часа во что бы то ни стало. 13. Извините, как пройти в
отдел обуви (обувной отдел)?
12 К.
Мэри попросила своего мужа купить подарок старшему сыну
ко дню рождения и куклу для Энн, их маленькой дочери. У них
два мальчика, одному шесть лет, а другому четыре года. Виктор
обещал Мэри пойти в «Детский мир», потому что он (этот магазин)
имеет больший выбор детских товаров, чем любой другой магазин
такого рода в Москве (потому что в этом магазине выбор лучше,
чем в другом). Виктор пошел делать покупки в этот магазин
(универмаг). Он ходил из одного отдела в другой и смотрел
на массу вещей на прилавках. В различных отделах были сотни
продавцов и продавщиц.
Наконец Виктор остановился у прилавка с игрушками и попросил
продавщицу показать ему игрушки для мальчика шести лет (для
шестилетнего мальчика). Он увидел различные игрушки и нако
нец решил купить игрушечную железную дорогу, которая приво
дится в действие электричеством (игрушечную электрическую же
лезную дорогу). Ее цена была десять рублей. Затем продавщица
показала ему много красивых кукол. Некоторые были маленькие,
другие очень большие. Виктору понравилась большая кукла в
белом нейлоновом платье и белых туфлях, но было бесполезно по
купать большую куклу двухлетней девочке. Наконец он выбрал
маленькую куклу в красном платье. Цена куклы была довольно
высокой, но Виктор купил ее.
В то время как он шел (проходил) через отдел игрушек, он
встретил одного из своих старых друзей (своего старого друга).
13 К.
1. When N. comes to Moscow he always does his shopping. 2. this
store is one of 3. the goods that are sold there 4. customers are carried
5. the air in the halls is cooled, is heated 6 . the machines there are
operated 7. always help
14 K.
1. on the other side 2. Have another glass of lemonade. 3. the
other was short 4. some others 5. some other things 6 . another coat
7. the others
210
15 К.
1. Yesterday I tried on two coats. One coat was too small, the
other was too large. 2. I don’t like this coat, show me another, please.
3. There were two customers at the counter. One bought a pair of
gloves, and the other bought a nylon tie. 4. Have another cup of
coffee. 5. Nick bought for his boys shirts, shoes, and other useful
things. 6 . “Where are the students of our group?” “Andrew is here
and the others are at the library.”
16 K.
1. a boy 2. the eldest son of a poor worker 3. the last means; the
family; to work 4. the boy; for work for a long time; a job at one of
the big department stores 5. at the department store; different things
for the customers; in the store 6 . the salesmen; the customers;
the boy
17 K.
1. needed a pair; went to 2. at the corner of the street 3. was going
to 4. a pair of shoes for his son 5. in this big store 6 . took me to; on
the third floor 7. at the shoe counter 8 . in a minute; a pair of good
strong shoes 9. tried them on
1,8 K.
1. promised to come 2. fits me 3. at the counter 4. work of any kind
5. the customers, cool halls 6 . the price of the present 7. Excuse me.
8 . sells goods 9. a white shirt 10. the department store 11. carried
goods 12. the only means to help his family 13. Electricity lights our
streets. 14. the quickest means of transport
19 K.
1. has a bigger choice of children’s goods 2 . at a thousand and
one things on the counters 3. and finally decided 4. I’m so glad 5. We
got married eight years ago. 6 . excuse me, how do I get to 7. They
are just my size.
20 K.
a) 1. Escalators are operated by electricity. 2. Children’s fur
niture is sold here. 3. She likes to go from one department to anoth
er. 4. Children like to go up and down by escalator. 5. Escalators
are more convenient than lifts, 6 . Try on these shoes, they are just
your size. 7. He promised to come to see us tomorrow. 8 . What size
gloves do you wear? My size is eight.
b) 1. “This coat fits you perfectly. When did you buy it?” “1 bought
it a week ago in (at) the big department store in our street.” 2. “I
must do some shopping today.” “Wh^t do you want to buy?” “I,want
to buy a dress for my daughter.” “I also want to buy a dress. Let’s
go to the department store together.” 3. “Show me this dress, please.
It is very nice. I want to try it on.” “Come this way, please. The dress
fits you perfectly.” “It is just my size and it is very comfortable. I’ll
take it.”
211
УРОК 2
1 К.
1. That letter was written by Nick. 2. Those books were taken by
Mary from the library. 3. The air is cooled by this powerful system.
4. This toy will be bought by Nick. 5. Only goods are carried by this
lift. 6 . A new railway will be built (by the workers) near our village.
7. Last night some money was found by John. 8 . Newspapers are
brought by this man every day. 9. This work will be done (by him)
tomorrow. 10. This film was much spoken about.
K.
2
1. P. was shown the new flat. The new flat was shown to P.
2. Helen will be given a nice present by Mother. A nice present will
be given to Helen by Mother. 3. She was offered a new job. A new
job was offered to her. 4. The pupils will be told an interesting story
by the teacher. An interesting story will be told to the pupils by the
teacher. 5. We were promised an English book by Boris. An English
book was promised to us by Boris.
3 K.
1. Газеты приносят утром. 2. Эти товары были перевезены в
лифте. 3. Эти товары будут перевезены на поезде. 4. Эта статья бу
дет переведена завтра. Эту статью переведут завтра. 5. Эта статья
была переведена Виктором. Эту статью перевел Виктор. 6 . Нам
часто показывают новые фильмы. 7. Маленькой Анне подарили
(дали) новую куклу. 8 . Эту картину смотрели тысячи людей. 9 . Об
этой статье много говорили.
4 К.
1. could see him 2. must be sent 3. will be met 4. may be left
5. Who will make a speech? 6 . The speech will be made by
5 K.
1. Нам пришлось работать вчера вечером. 2. Им придется (нуж
но будет) работать в следующее воскресенье. (Они должны будут
работать.) 3. Мы должны (нам нужно) много (усиленно) работать
над английским. 4. Мэри придется (должна будет) снова пойти за
покупками через несколько дней. 5. Ей надо было (она должна
была) прийти в учреждение рано в тот день.
6 К.
a ) 1. Did they have to work? 2. Will M. have to buy? 3. Did she
have to go shopping? 4. Does Ann have to write a letter? 5. Does John
have to go to? 6 . Will they have to go to?
b) 1. They didn’t have to work 2. M. won’t (will not) have to buy
3 . She didn’t have to go shopping 4. Ann doesn’t have to write a letter
5. John doesn’t have to go to 6 . They won’t have to go to
212
7 К.
1. We had to do our lessons. 2. Did they have to read this book?
3. Kate had to learn. 4. Did V. have to go to Kiev? 5. I had to buy a new
tie. 6 . She had to write a letter.
8 K.
1. Они смогут (будут в состоянии) помочь тебе? 2. Она не смо
жет перевести эту статью без твоей помощи. 3. Вы сможете (буде
те в состоянии) прочесть этот рассказ на английском языке в буду
щем месяце. 4. Я Не смогу прийти (приехать) сюда снова. 5. Могла
она (была она в состоянии) идти так далеко пешком? 6 . Мы не смогли
попасть туда вовремя.
9 К.
1. She will be able to read English books. 2. I shall be able to
bring my dictionary. 3. Will you be able to buy this book for me?
4. They won’t be able (will not be able) to come. 5. He will be able
to work well.
10 K.
1. please give me one. 2. the red ones. 3. Have you one to give me?
4. sing me one before I leave. 5. buy black ones.
14 K.
1 . покупки в Москве 2. все остальные (другие) дни недели
3. Мы с Таней пошли за покупками. 4. недалеко от 5. последние
моды 6 . Оно мне тоже не понравилось. 7. Мне предложили другое
пальто. 8 . Мне также нужна еще одна пара перчаток. 9. Как мне
пройти в отдел перчаток? 10. Он налево. И. Какой размер вы но
сите? 12. Они как раз моего размера. 13. Эта пара подойдет. 14. Сю
да, пожалуйста. 15. Этот лифт довезет вас на четвертый этаж.
15 К.
В другом отделе нам показали хорошее зимнее пальто. Я не
могла его купить, потому что оно было слишком дорогое для меня.
Моя подруга Таня купила его. Затем мне предложили другое паль
то, которое было намного дешевле первого. Цена была мне по сред
ствам. Пальто отлично сидело на мне, и я решила купить его. В
Москве становится холодно, и оно мне довольно скоро понадобится.
О да, мне еще нужно купить другую шляпу, которую я буду
носить со своим новым пальто. Мне также нужна еще одна пара
перчаток. Мне придется снова пойти за покупками на будущей не
деле, потому что завтра все магазины будут закрыты. Вчера я
слишком устала и не была в состоянии пойти еще в один магазин.
Я должна была вернуться в гостиницу и отдохнуть.
Пожалуйста, напиши мне как можно скорее. Не забудь, что нас
очень скоро пошлют в Киев на конференцию. Об этой конферен
ции очень много говорят. Первый доклад будет сделан профессо
ром Борисовым. Он объяснит нам, как работают новые машины.
Привет всем.
Искренне твоя Кейт.
213
16 к.
1 . Peter was sent by the doctor to the country for summer. 2. A
nice blouse was shown to Mary by the saleswoman. Mary was shown
a nice blouse by the saleswoman. 3. A new hat was bought by M.
last week. 4. M ary’s head was measured by the saleswoman. 5. We
were given new gloves. New gloves were given to us. 6 . A very nice
hat was made for Mary. 7. We were offered some dresses in the latest
fashion by the saleswoman. Some dresses in the latest fashion were
offered to us by the saleswoman. 8 . Was her new jacket left in the
wardrobe? 9. Was that blouse bought by Mary yesterday?
17 K.
1. I was sent for the doctor. 2. The doctor was sent for a few
minutes ago. 3. The girls were shown nylon blouses. Nylon blouses
were shown to the girls. 4. A dark blue skirt and a white blouse were
bought by Kate for her little sister. 5. The little boy was promised a
new toy. A new toy was promised to the little boy. 6 . When was this
woollen jacket bought? 7. In this store thousands of people are carried
by escalators every day.
18 K.
1 . Kate paid the money at the counter. 2. Mary left the newspaper
on the table. 3. Our students will study a new foreign language next
year. 4. Nick showed P. a toy-railway (a toy-railway to Peter).
19 K.
1. I think you will be able to wear this dress, it is just your size.
2. He will be able to try on these shoes. 3. We’ll be able to do our
shopping in this store. 4. He will be able to buy this jacket, it is not
expensive. 5. They will be able to speak English in a year. 6 . She was
not able to (could not) walk so far. 7\ V. has to go to Kiev. He was
not able to get a ticket yesterday. He will have to go to the station
tomorrow. 8 . Your shoes *are out of fashion, you can buy new ones
in this department store. 9. This blouse is too expensive, show me a
cheaper one, please.
20 K.
1. some lighter ones 2. a very expensive one 3. black ones 4. Will
you buy a blue one loo? 5. larger ones
21 K.
1. M. isn’t a salesman either. 2. Mary doesn’t like to go shopping
either. 3 .‘She does not need a sport jacket either. 4. She can’t afford
to buy a new skirt either. 5. M. didn’t like a white blouse either. 6 . He
can’t afford such an expensive suit either. 7. This dress does not fit
you- either.
214
22 К.
1. it will do 2. any warm jacket either 3. than you can afford
4. We measured the box 5. too expensive 6 . out of fashion 7. what
colour 8 . than that one 9. She is pretty sure 10. this jacket 11. these
cheap shirts
23 K.
1 . which fitted me perfectly 2 . but it was too expensive for me
3. pretty soon 4. do you wear 5. These grey gloves will do.
УРОК 3
1 к.
1. Betsy’s dress 2. — 3. the doctor’s arrival 4. at a mile’s distance
from 5. Here is yesterday’s newspaper. 6 . The old lady’s voice
changed again.
2 K.
1. Shall we be preparing our lessons? We shall not be preparing
2. Shall we be waiting? We shall not be waiting 3. Will they be taking?
They will not be taking (won’t be taking).
3 K.
1. What will your son be doing at 5 o’clock tomorrow? 2 . At this
hour tomorrow I’ll be taking my examination in German. 3. He will
be waiting for us at the station from two to three next Sunday.
4. What will you be doing at 11 o’clock tomorrow? I’ll be writing a
letter at that time.
4 K.
1. У тебя есть какие-нибудь английские книги для чтения? 2. Но
вый магазин, который должен быть построен на нашей улице, бу
дет очень большим. 3. Он был единственным (человеком), который
приехал на автобусе. 4. Он не был единственным (человеком),
кто предложил свою помощь. 5. Мы увидели широкую лестницу,
ведущую (которая вела) на второй этаж. 6 . Статья, описывающая
футбольный матч, очень интересная. 7. Все книги, взятые из биб
лиотеки, должны быть возвращены до каникул. 8 . Люди, одетые в
зимние пальто, гуляли по другой стороне улицы.
5 К.
1. She wore neither a long coat nor a black hat. 2. Neither my
sister nor my parents were pleased with the news. 3. My brother likes
neither blue nor green ties. 4. They could go neither to the club nor
to the cinema that evening. 5. He could neither a s k , nor answer
questions in Italian.
6 K.
1. I shall write either to him or to his brother. 2. They want to
speak either to her or to her husband. 3. Either you or your friend
215
must read this article. 4. She must either ring up her friend or go to
see her. 5. My brother will go either to Sochi or to Batumi this summer.
7 K.
1. fits you 2. is at home 3. were at home 4. nor I am busy 5. nor
Bill was pleased 6 . his friends come 7. they know it 8 . yours was lost
yesterday.
12 K.
1 . Сначала она хотела примерить его. 2 . Она не могла решить
ся купить его. 3. которая была лишь в получасе ходьбы от мага
зина. 4. Он находится лишь (только) в полумиле ходьбы отсюда.
5. Ни Бетси, ни Билу не понравился этот ресторан. 6 . Но ей не по
нравилось ни одно из них. 7. отдел, где продавались платья. 8 . Что
вам угодно? 9. Продавщица помогла ей надеть платье. 10. Его
нужно укоротить. И. Это простое дело (пустяк). 12. Оно будет уко
рочено и готово. 13. Я буду идти (проходить) мимо вашего мага
зина. 14. Я зайду между двенадцатью и часом. 15. на оставшиеся
деньги она купила 16. Бил поднял (подобрал) коробку. 17. На
углу они расстались.
13 К.
«Привет»,— сказал он,— «где платье?» — «О, Бил, я видела
платье, которое мне очень понравилось! Но оно было слишком до
рогое, я не могла решиться купить его. Пойдем вместе в магазин
Партриджа (пойдем вместе к Партриджу)».— «Но давай сначала
пообедаем»,— сказал Бил. «Мы можем пойти в этот маленький
ресторан на углу Мэйн Стрит. Он находится всего лишь в полумиле
ходьбы отсюда, и там никогда не бывает много народу в это время
дня». Сначала они не могли решить, что делать, но затем они ре
шили пообедать. Через десять минут они вошли в ресторан на
углу Мейн Стрит. Им дали столик, который стоял у окна. Снача
ла ни Бетси, ни Билу не понравился ресторан, но потом заиграла
музыка и они увидели веселую публику. Еда была очень вкусная.
После обеда они пошли вместе к Партриджу (в магазин Парт
риджа). В магазине они нашли отдел, где продавались платья.
14 К.
1 . At this time tomorrow we shall be having a rest in the country.
2. At 6 o’clock on Tuesday I shall be preparing my English lessons.
3. At this time next week we shall be listening to a lecture on English
grammar.
15 K.
1. At first I wanted to go to the cinema but then I made up m
mind (decided) to go to the library. 2. You may go for a walk but first
do this exercise. 3. First take a shower and change and then we’ll
have dinner. 4. On Sunday I’ll drop in on V. first and then I ’ll go to
the park.
216
16 к.
1 . left home in the afternoon 2 . for half an hour and reached the
big store; with customers 3. from one department to another; make
up her mind; for her husband 4. entered the department 5. behind
(at) the counter; for you 6. for my husband 7. drop in; expect new
goods 8 . dropped in at the store 9. for the watch arid left the store
17 K.
1. Last week I went neither to the cinema nor to the theatre. 2. Ei
ther he or his sister will translate this article. 3. Neither he nor his pa
rents want to go to the South. 4. My brother could neither read nor write
when he went to school.*5. She had neither English nor French news
papers. 6 . I saw neither him nor his brother there. 7. Neither my
brothers nor my sister wants to see this film. 8 . He will come here
either tonight or tomorrow morning.
18 K.
1. were crowds of customers 2. She liked neither of them. 3. 1
shall drop in. 4. B. picked up the box. 5. They parted.
19 K.
1. reached the Fair Store with crowds of customers 2. rather
expensive 3. She could not make up her mind. 4. She rang up Bill.
5. It’s never crowded. 6 . It must be shortened. 7. I ’ll drop in.
22 K.
1. Some hot tea was given to me by my mother. I was given some
hot tea by my mother. 2. The first lesson was given by V. yesterday.
3. French is taught by her. 4. Many interesting facts were told to
Mary by the old woman. Mary was told many interesting facts by
the old woman. 5. They were seen (by us) here yesterday. 6 . The
picture will soon be seen by everybody. 7. He will be told to do it at
once. 8 . Money is paid to him for his work. He is paid money for his
work.
23 K.
1. My little daughter keeps all her birthday presents on her shelf.
2. The City Soviet opened several new shops on the outskirts of the
town. 3. This store sells hundreds of birthday presents every day.
4. My eldest sister promised this book to me. 5. The Neva divides
Leningrad into two parts.
24 K.
1. We hsd to do our lessons more carefully. 2. They had to read
this book top. 3. Did V. have to go to Kiev? 4. He did not have to go
there.
25 K.
1. M. will be able to go to 2. she won’t be able to afford 3. Wil
they be able to translate this article?
217
26 К.
1. an expensive dress either 2. He is also dressed. 3. a white blouse
too 4. not so cheap either 5. I can’t wear it either. 6 . are in fashion
too 7. is also on the left side
УРОК 4
I К.
1. Who has lost the tickets ...? What have they lost? 2. Who has
left the keys at home? Where has she left the keys? 3. How have we
learned the poem? 4. What has he seen?
3 K.
1 . 1 have visited Sochi many times. 2. V. went to S. last week.
3. have you ever slept 4. I have enjoyed this trip. 5. my brother didn’t
enjoy 6 . have you seen; When did you see her? — I saw her 7. My
grandfather has come. When did he come? 8 . He came; How often
did he visit your family last year? — He visited us twice last year.
4 K.
1 . Did they visit Kiev last summer or did their friends? Did they
visit Kiev or Minsk last summer? Did they visit Kiev last summer or
last winter?
2. Did Kate go to Sochi by train or did Ann? Did Kate go to Sochi
by train or by boat? Did Kate go to Sochi or to Yalta by train?
5 K.
1. Yes, it is. 2. No, there aren’t. 3. Yes, they have. 4. No, I can’t.
5. No, 1 haven’t. 6 . Yes, they have.
6 K.
1. is it? 2. will you? 3. aren’t they? 4. did they? 5. doesn’t she?
6 . can he? 7. isn’t she? 8 . does he? 9. isn’t she? 10. hasn’t she?
7 K.
a) The eighth of March nineteen sixty-eight; the thirty-first of De
cember nineteen fifty; the seventeenth of April nineteen hundred and
five (nineteen five).
b) On the first of January nineteen hundred; on the eleventh of
September nineteen two; on the first of May nineteen sixty-eight; on
the twenty-second of April eighteen seventy; on the seventh of No
vember nineteen seventeen; on the ninth of May nineteen forty-five.
II K.
1 . Я взял месячный отпуск. 2 . много 3. Имеется много примет
(признаков) наступающей зимы. 4. Я тоже никогда не видел Л е
нинграда ранней весной. 5. сочные груши 6 . арбузы и виноград
7. Я уверен. 8 . Я предпочитаю жаркую погоду.
218
12 К.
АКИМОВ: Время летит, мы приближаемся к какому-то боль
шому городу, не так ли?
БОРИСОВ: Да, мы приближаемся к Сочи. Вот где я живу с
1950 года. А сколько времени вы живете в Ленинграде?
АКИМОВ: Я живу в Ленинграде около двадцати лет.
БОРИСОВ: О, вы давно там живете.
АКИМОВ: Мы здесь останавливаемся?
БОРИСОВ: Да. Но это короткая остановка на четверть часа.
АКИМОВ: Не сделаете ли вы мне одолжение?
БОРИСОВ: С удовольствием. Какое?
АКИМОВ: Не отправите ли вы мое письмо, я только что закон
чил его.
БОРИСОВ: Да, конечно.
АКИМОВ: Моя жена просила сразу написать. Я написал не
сколько строк о поездке.
БОРИСОВ: Я сделаю это с удовольствием. Я отправлю его
здесь в аэропорту.
АКИМОВ: Я вам очень обязан.
БОРИСОВ: Не за что.
13 К.
1. Who has seen many 2. What have they seen in the Crimea?
3. What (kind of) places have they seen in the Crimea? 4. Where have
they seen many beautiful places? 5. Have they seen many beautiful
places in the Crimea?
14 K.
1 . Are they going to the Crimea or to Sochi? Are they going to
the Crimea by plane or by train? 2 . Has Ann taken pears or melons
for the sweet? Has Ann taken pears for the sweet or has Kate? 3. Did
he arrive in Moscow or in Minsk last night? Did he arrive in Moscow
last night or a week ago?
15 K.
1. is it? 2. didn’t you? 3. are you? 4. have you? 5. won’t you?
6 . aren’t there? 7. can’t you? 8 . w asn’t there? 9. haven’t they?
1 0 . doesn’t it?
16 K.
1. since 1950, for the last fifteen years 2. since Saturday, for a
week 3 . for more than a week, since August 4. since 1957, for the last
ten years 5. since childhood, for a long time
17 K.
1. Has your sister come to М.? — No, she has not come yet. 2. Have
you met your parents? When did they arrive? They arrived an hour
ago. 3. I have not yet seen the new film (yet). 4. I have known Ann
for five years, I have known her since she moved to our house in 1962.
219
5. I have met P. 6 . Have you read the new book by Т.? When did you
read it? I read it last week. 7. How long have you been here? I have
already been here for twenty minutes.
18 K.
1. I have made up my mind; for my holiday to the South 2. by
plane 3. by air with pleasure 4. in the plane; above zero 5. means
of transport 6 . to Sochi; there.
19 K.
1. a great deal of money 2. no sign of him 3. high temperature
4. for instance the Volga 5. his work day sometimes begins 6 . drops
below zero 7. we were obliged to help her 8 . they intended to go
9. at midnight 10. did it with pleasure 11. five degrees of frost
12. a heavy frost 13. The calendar helps us 14. The 15th century
began in 1401
20 K.
1 . to mention the year; for example 2 . a great deal; by plane
3. I intend to spend 4. are as a rule 5. do me a favour; with pleas
ure 6. I’m much obliged to you. — Don’t mention it.
21 K.
1 . a great deal 2. by plane 3. I intend to spend 4. with pleasure
22 K.
1. As a rule I like to travel by plane (by air), but my friend
Victor has never flown in a plane. He prefers to travel by train.
Last summer we decided (made up our minds) to spend our holi
days in Sochi. It took me two hours to fly there. Victor had to
leave Moscow two days earlier (before). It was very hot in the
train. In the daytime the temperature was about thirty degrees
above zero. When V. arrived in Sochi (came to S.) he said, “I have
never been so tired. I promise you that I’ll return to Moscow (go
back to M.) by plane.”
2 . “I intend to go to the cinema,” said Ann.
“Do me a favour and buy me two tickets for tomorrow,” asked
Kate.
“Г11 do it with pleasure, Kate,” answered Ann.
(In the evening)
“Here are your tickets, Kate.”
“Thank you very much, Ann.”
“Don’t mention it.”
УРОК 5
2 К.
1. The work has just been finished. 2. N. has been shown a
modern television set (by him). A modern television set has been
shown to N. (by him). 3. The table has been laid by Ann. 4. The
220
curtains have been hung by B. 5. Brown gloves have been chosen
by B. 6 . Some potatoes have been fried by her.
3 K.
1. They have already been sent to Moscow. These students were
sent 2 . have already been brought, were brought five minutes ago
3. have been opened all over the city, were opened last week
4 IC
1. Ему понравилась идея провести отпуск в Батуми. 2. Они
думают о поездке б Киев на следующей неделе. 3. Они шли
очень быстро, не останавливаясь. 4. Ходьба на лыжах — его лю
бимый вид спорта. 5. Она не могла позволить себе купить это
платье.
5 К.
1. Преподаватель закончил диктовать новое правило. 2. Он
бросил курить. 3. Я попросил его говорить медленно. 4. Мальчик
любит задавать вопросы. 5. Ему доставляет удовольствие чтение
английских книг. 6 . У меня было очень мало времени, и я даже
не мог остановиться, чтобы выкурить папиросу.
6 К.
1. information has 2. news has 3. progress has 4. facts ... have
5. money has
7 K.
1. Старик вышел из комнаты без всяких объяснений. 2. Учи
тель сделал все исправления красными чернилами. 3. У меня
был длинный разговор с В. 4. Он никогда не слышал этого вы
ражения. 5. Я получил приглашение на обед. 6 . Сколько ошибок
в твоем диктанте?
11 К.
1. который построен в Москве 2. много времени посвяща
ется (отводится) музыке, науке и образованию 3. последние
известия, которые передаются по радио 4. Вы слушаете пла
стинку, следя по тексту в учебнике. 5. система заданий 6 . ко
торые посылаются на проверку 7. заочные курсы 8 . экзамены
по языку в школе 9. делают изучение языка довольно легким
1 0 . научная работа 1 1 . Это большая помощь для нас. 1 2 . Что
вы имеете в виду? 13. Ерунда, вздор! 14. Я никогда не даю со
ветов. 15. Не волнуйтесь.
12 К.
У нас один из самых современных радиоприемников, и мы
пользуемся им почти каждый вечер. Если погода хорошая, прием
очень хорош и мы не испытываем никаких затруднений при на
стройке на любую станцию. Два раза в неделю у нас бывают
221
уроки английского языка по телевидению и по радио. Опытный
преподаватель говорит из студии так (таким образом), что все,
кто слушает и смотрит передачу по телевизору, понимают ка
ждое слово урока. Таким путем мы добиваемся хороших успехов
в изучении языка.
Наш радиоприемник является радиолой. Мы часто пользуемся
проигрывателем и изучаем английский язык при помощи пластинок
с уроками английского языка. Это очень хороший метод (спо
соб) изучения языков.
Изучение английского языка с помощью пластинок совсем
не трудно. Вы сидите в своей комнате, выполняете упражнения
и задания, слушаете специально подготовленные пластинки, со
ставленные опытными преподавателями. Язык, на котором они
говорят, настоящий английский язык. После того как тексты про
слушаны, вы стараетесь (сами) сказать предложения. Затем, когда
грамматика пройдена, вы снова возвращаетесь к пластинкам.
13 К.
1. The lecture has been listened to by the students with inter
est. 2. The latest news has been told to me by Aleck. I have been
told the latest news by A. 3. Have any new records been bought
by John? 4. Much money has been paid by my parents for this
television set. 5. Our plans have not been changed.
14 K.
1. My brother has been given this assignment. This assignment
has been given to my brother. 2. My parents have been shown the
television set. The television set has been shown to my parents.
з. He has been given good advice. Good advice has been given to
him. 4. Good news has just been broadcast over the radio. 5. They
have been given a good education. 6 . These records have been
bought for my sister. 7. This play has been translated into English.
8 . All the assignments have been checked by our teacher. 9. These
discoveries have been made by our engineers. 10. Good progress
has been made by them.
15 K.
1 . was explained yesterday; has just been explained 2 . was
broadcast last night; has been broadcast 3. has just been received;
were checked a few minutes ago 4. has been devoted; was devoted
5. have been given; were given 6 . have been corrected; were cor
rected
16 K.
1. Перестань плакать. 2. Он шел вместо того, чтобы побежать,
и, конечно, опоздал. 3. Дети очень много узнают, задавая вопросы
(спрашивая) обо всем, что они видят вокруг себя. 4. Слушая
английские пластинки, «мы научились говорить правильно по-анг
лийски. 5. Я интересуюсь изучением иностранных языков. 6 . Он
222
пошел погулять, не подождав свою сестру. 7. Она вышла из ком
наты, не попрощавшись. 8 . Путешествие самолетом — самый
быстрый способ передвижения. 9. Мы говорили о различных ме
тодах (способах) изучения английского языка.
17 К.
1. for the advice 2. what advice 3. in bad weather; the weather
4. good progress; the progress 5. such useful information 6 . the
information 7. permission 8 . the permission to use
18 K.
1. in bad weather; in getting 2. we listen in 3. broadcast by
Radio Moscow in English 4. come from 5. listens to the lectures
6 . in this way; are interested in; progress in the study of 7. learn
ing English by radio or with the help of; for any purpose; in the
original
19 K.
1. is devoted to 2. a great deal of 3. The reception is very good.
4. an experienced teacher 5. аз you become more experienced 6 . has
an automatic device 7. I never give advice.
20 K.
1. is good 2. one of the most modern sets 3. is a present from
my father 4. has an automatic device for 5. We are very pleased.
6 . Stop talking. 7. I shall turn on.
21 K.
1. B. and A. study French by correspondence. 2. They read the
texts and do the assignments. 3. They send the assignments to the
Courses where the teachers correct them. 4. From time to time
(now and then) they receive advice from their teachers. 5. The
advice helps them to make good progress in their studies. 6 . Last
week B. was walking along the street after work and met A.
7. They stopped. 8 . B. said, “Alice, I know you are interested in
gramophone records. I want to tell you some good news. I have
bought two records with texts in French (with French texts).”
A. “When did you buy them?” В. “I bought them yesterday in a big
store in Kirov Street.” A. “These records will help us in our studies,
won’t they?” B. “ Yes, of course. Let’s go to my place (house);
you know that Father has bought a new radio-gramophone. We
shall be able to listen to the French records.”
УРОК 6
1 К.
1. Он сидел в кресле, слушая (и слушал) радио. 2. Она смот
рела на картину, думая* (и думала) о том, что с ней делать. 3. Они
расстались, обещая скоро встретиться другие другом. 4. Он позво
нил мне по телефону и спросил моего совета.
223
2 К.
1. an article on modern physics 2. history 3. a good mark in
geography 4. The history of the USSR of the 20th century 5. mathe
matics
3 K.
irregular, indefinite, impossible, illogical
7 K.
1 . Г. еще не приехал. 2 . Я выхожу подышать свежим возду
хом. 3. Папа удивлен. 4. Он не верит мне. 5. Я читаю его мысли.
6 . Она делает знак. 7. Я убираю свои книги. 8 . моя последняя
мысль 9. Он торопится, чтобы попасть на поезд. 10. Мы с мамой
(мама и я) стоим у двери и машем ему. 1 1 . Отец нетерпеливо
ждал его. 1 2 . когда мы подошли к железнодорожной станции
8 К.
Мэрдок уже сидит за столом. Он усердно занимается. Он дол
жен держать экзамен на замещение вакансии в Почтовом ве.-
домстве в будущем месяце. Я не думаю, что М. в самом деле
занимается: он никогда не делал больших успехов в своих за
нятиях, и один или два раза я заметил каталог семян, спрятан
ный среди его книг. Его отец сидит в углу и смотрит на своего
сына. Я очень тихо кладу свои учебники на стол напротив Мэр-
дока, чтобы не помешать ему.
Уже три месяца, как я занимаюсь в старшем классе. Мой но
вый учитель мистер Сингер лысый и медлительный. Он (очень)
добр ко мне, и я сделал хорошие успехи в занятиях.
В этот момент карточка выпадает из моего учебника истории
и падает на пол. У меня краснеет лицо. Папа оборачивается,
видит карточку и смотрит на мое лицо и на лежащую на полу
карточку. Он делает молчаливый знак, и я приношу ему карточ
ку. Я молчу, пока папа изучает эту карточку, мой школьный
табель. Мистер Сингер записал в нем мои отметки.
9 К.
1. Мы сидели в комнате и смотрели футбольный матч по те
левизору. 2 . Я спрятал деньги в книгу, надеясь не истратить их
до отпуска. 3. Он провел со мной почти час и рассказал мне всю
правду. 4. Она приветствовала его, помахав рукой.
10 К.
1. Have you ever been — Yes, I have been there twice. When
were you — I was there a year ago. 2. When did you get this —
My parents gave it to me; Have you used it much — Yes, I have
used it 3. My friend was not at home; he has gone to the country —
When did he go there? I think he went there two days ago. 4. There
is a letter; Who has written it? — My eldest brother has written it.
5. she visits us; but this week she has visited us 6 . When do you
224
usually have your dinner? I usually have; I had my dinner half
an hour ago.
11 K.
1. in the book; the English writer; the story of a small boy; one
of the schools 2. the boy; the school; in the following words 3. the
school; a big building 4. one of the schoolrooms; the emptiest 5. a
long room; of tables 6 . of paper; on the floor 7* the walls; with
ink; the air 8 . in the school; arithmetic; geography 9. the boys;
the holidays; the teacher of history; at the seaside 1 0 . a big empty
hall 1 1 . no news
12 K.
1. he believes 2. the other was hidden 3. he caught the train
4. I shall go out for a breath of air. 5. was surprised at the news
6 . to catch sight of the new plane 7. very silent 8 . was bald 9. this
noise will disturb you 1 0 . a postcard 1 1 . opposite the house
1 2 . after a minute’s thought
13 K.
1. the inhabitants 2. G. is still away. 3. opposite Murdoch; very
quietly 4. was bald 5. dropped to the floor 6 . Papa was surprised.
7. I read his thoughts. 8 . He leaves the house
14 K.
1. at the seaside 2. I am impatiently waiting 3. Every evening
I go out for a breath of air. 4. I have caught sight of a seed catalogue.
5. opposite M. 6 . out of my history book; drops to the floor 7. It
must be true. 8 . not pleased at all 9. In our hearts
15 K.
1. Nick impatiently waited for his holidays. After a year’s work
at the factory N. decided to go to the seaside. He left home at
10 o’clock and caught the train in time. It was the end of Septem
ber and it was not very hot. There were few people in the train and
nobody disturbed N. The trip took about thirty hours. His friends
V. and K* met him at the station.
2. MOTHER: N. has been a student of the University for three
months already. Examinations will begin soon.
FATHER: Yes, he will have to take his examinations (exams)
next month.
MOTHER: I don’t think he has made, good progress in his
studies. I caught sight of some sport magazines among his text
books. I’m afraid he devotes too much time to sports.
FATHER: I shall speak to him this evening. He has always
been a serious boy. I’m sure that he will not fail in (will pass) the
exams (examinations).
8 Заказ 223 225
19 К.
1. Who has told Nick the latest news? 2. "What has A. told N.?
3. What (kind of) news has A. told N.? 4. What has A. done?
5. Has A. told N. the latest news?
20 K.
1. Has Ann used the English records several times or has
Nick? — Nick has. 2. Has Ann used the English records or the
French ones (records) several times? — She has used the English
records. 3. Has Ann used the English records several times or
once? — She has used them (the records) several times.
21 K.
1. at all, is it? No, it isn’t. Yes, it is. 2. radio-gramophone,
isn’t it? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 3. to Bob, doesn’t he? Yes, he does.
No, he doesn’t. 4. radio-gramophone, has he? No, he hasn’t. Yes,
he has. «
22 K.
1. These goods have been brought by plane. When were they
brought? They were brought last week. 2 . The first line of the Moscow
metro was built in 1935. 3. The radio set was hidden in the book-case.
4. During the last few years many new houses have been built in Moscow.
5. We have been taught English for three years. 6 . This scientific
information has just been received by our institute. 7. Very inter
esting news has been broadcast over (on) the radio. When was
this news broadcast? This news was broadcast last night.
23 K.
1. news came; I was having a rest 2. were you carrying when
I met you? I was carrying a box. I sent 3. I was having my dinner
when the postman brought the letter. 4. She was preparing her les
sons; her brother came
24 K.
1 . Это можно сделать, не читая (этого) правила. 2 . Я попы
тался запомнить это стихотворение, прочитав его несколько раз.
3. Дж ордж получил много денег, переведя эту книгу. 4. Я не
верю, что она перестала курить. 5. Ты просто разбиваешь мне
сердце, занимаясь так плохо (что занимаешься так плохо).
6 . Мы смотрели передачу по телевизору, не говоря ни слова.
7. Вы быстрее доберетесь до дому, если поедете на метро (по
ехав на метро). 8 . Она любит читать английские книги в ори
гинале. 9. Они истратили много денег на покупку английских
книг. 10. Плавание мой любимый спорт.
25 К.
1 . to catch the last train 2 . to finish their assignments in time
3. to hide it from her little brother 4. to hear the latest news 5. to
make good progress
226
УРОК 7
2 К.
1. my friend went; after he had lived 2. V. had never seen
before.he came 3. I went home after I had looked through 4. We
had gone; before we knew 5. when mother came K. had not yet
prepared
4 K.
1. will have brought; has brought; had brought 2. He has told;
will have told; had told
5 K.
1. Isn’t it a fine day today? 2. Won’t Tom go there? 3. Don’t
you like this book? 4. C a n ’t you swim? 5. Haven’t you seen M.
this morning? 6 . Isn’t he preparing his lessons?
1. Разве сегодня не прекрасный день? 2. Неужели Том не
пойдет туда? 3. Неужели вам не нравится эта книга? 4. Разве
вы не умеете плавать? 5. Разве вы не видели М. сегодня утром?
6 . Разве он не готовит уроки (сейчас)?
6 К.
1. The automobile 2. The elephant 3. a second time 4. the theatre
5. the teacher
11 K.
«Вам не нужно составлять (подготавливать) список покупок
до прихода сюда. У вас все перед глазами»,— сказала одна по
купательница. «Мне нравится, что я вижу все цены»,— сказала
вторая. «Здесь гораздо больший выбор товаров»,— сказала
третья.
Но чаще всего упоминалось время. Поблизости (недалеко)
находится фабрика, где работает много женщин. Им не прихо
дится (они не должны) тратить весь обеденный перерыв на по
купки, как это было до того, как Лондонское кооперативное об
щество открыло новый магазин самообслуживания. Теперь они
могут купить все под одной крышей за десять минут.
«Лондонское кооперативное общество решило открыть новые
магазины самообслуживания. Несомненно, что к концу будущего
года многие продовольственные магазины перейдут на само
обслуживание (начнут работать по принципу самообслужива
ния)»,— сказал директор этого магазина самообслужирания.
12 К.
1. Who had finished all her shopping in the self-service shop
by 12 o’clock? What had A. finished in the self-service shop?
Where had A. finished all her shopping? Bv what time had A.
finished all her shopping in the self-service shop? Had A. finished
all her shopping in the self-service shop by 1 2 o’clock?
227
2. Who will have finished his work at the factory by 5 o’clock?
What will P. have finished at the factory by 5 o’clock? Where will
P. have finished his work? By what time will P. have finished his
work at the factory? Will Peter have finished his work at the factory
by 5 o’clock?
13 K.
1. Haven’t food prices in Britain risen for the last few years?
2 . Couldn’t the pensioners afford to buy a piece of meat twice
a week? 3. Didn’t her meals usually consist of meat or fish?
4. Isn’t it convenient to buy food in self-service shops?
14 K.
1. Don’t you like self-service shops? 2. Didn’t you buy a piece
of cheese for supper? 3. Aren’t there any sardines in this self-
service shop? 4. Won’t we spend the week-end in the country?
5. Didn’t you get Arvie on the phone last night?
15 K.
1.
will have done; has done; had done 2 . has told me; will have
told all the stories; had told all the stories
16 K.
1. Did he manage? No, he did not manage; He will have done
it by 2. I spoke to; I did not see her; she had left; before I came
3. Did you do all? No, I did not do them. I had done some; I was
very tired. I shall have done them 4. I saw Ann; after she had
got
17 K.
1. We shall have finished our shopping by 12 o’clock tomorrow.
2. Kate will have prepared the stew and the soup by two o’clock.
3. Alice and John will have arrived at the station by seven o’clock
in the evening. 4. They will not (won’t) have got the manager on
the phone by that time.
18 K.
1 . was taking off her coat when the phone rang 2 . were you
doing; got you; I was doing 3. had known; got married to her
4. whom were you waiting for; saw; was waiting; had not seen
5. I went; had been away; had sent; returned 6 . had expected;
was of great help to me
19 K.
a) 1 . to dinner 2 . one of the big food stores in the centre of the
city; the store; for the customer 3. in the morning; the food store
4. butter; a piece of cheese; a tin of 5. a jar of strawberry jam
6 . a bottle of wine; the fruit shop; a tin; the fruit; the wine; after
lunch
228
b) 1. the self-service shop 2 . in the morning; the manager;
a second; a third; a fourth 3. half an hour; the shop; of people
20 K.
1. no doubt 2. she has managed 3. on the list 4. over the phone
5. to flavour a stew 6 . bread with sausage 7. self-service shop
8 . the standard of living 9. fried eggs and ham 10. principle of
life 11. She did not worry 12. will be based 13. The boy was hit
14. by the manager 15. in margarine 16. is the policy of peace
21 K.
1. the future 2. buy everything under one roof 3. There is no
doubt 4. have risen 5. to live on a pension 6 . found themselves
with long faces 7. until pay-day 8 . to prepare a shopping list 9. to
their place to spend the week-end with them
22 K.
1. special counters for fresh meat and frozen meat 2 . are all
pre-packaged 3. have risen again 4. until pay-day 5. got you on
the phone 6 . to spend the week-end with them 7. to take to the
country 8 . to worry about anything
23 K.
1. special counters 2. too long 3. full of conveniences for the
customer 4. You don’t have to prepare a shopping list. 5. the low-
paid workers
24 K.
1 . Alice came to see her friend Ann. The girls were talking
when the telephone rang. 2 . It was Ann’s mother: “At last I have
got you on the phone, Ann. I am busy tonight and I shall not be
able to buy everything for supper.” 3. “Then I shall do all the
shopping, Mother. What shall I buy?” 4. “Buy some butter, some
cheese and some sausage, and also buy some apples or pears.
Don’t forget to buy some coffee. We have no coffee for breakfast.”
5. “All right, Mother, I’ll do it with pleasure. You don’t have to
worry about anything. I shall buy everything in the self-service
shop at the corner of Pushkin Street. They have a very good
choice of food there. Is that all, M other?” 6 . “Yes, th a t’s all.”
УРОК 8
1 К.
1. he would see 2. the LCS would open 3. she would be free
2 K.
1. We knew we should see him. 2. We thought you had seen
him. 3. I knew you saw him. 4. I hoped my brother would soon
return. 5. He thought you were busy. 6 . She thought you would
be busy. 7. I hoped; would do her shopping
229
3 к.
1. If I go 2. unless it is warmer 3. if I have finished reading it
4. while you are having breakfast 5. as soon as Mother has fried
the potatoes 6 . if he will come tomorrow
4 K.
1. She is going to do 2. I am going to have 3. They are going
to take a walk. 4. We are going to see her. 5. Where are you going
to spend 6 . I am going to write
9 K.
1. один из его друзей, которого звали Дж о 2. Было ясное
субботнее утро. 3. Дж о любил находиться на открытом воздухе.
4. Мой двоюродный брат Мурад сказал, что Д ж о не ленив.
Просто он не хочет учиться. 5. Мы шли по шоссе. 6 . Погода пе
ременилась. 7. Вода ревела. 8 . Я прошел весь этот путь, чтобы
поплавать. 9. Но, по правде говоря, я был напуган. 1 0 . Я достал
свой завтрак и начал есть один из бутербродов с колбасой.
10 К.
К этому времени мы разделись и стояли все вместе на берегу
канала и смотрели на неприветливую (враждебную) воду. Не
говоря ни слова, Дж о нырнул. Не говоря ни слова, нырнул мой
двоюродный брат Мурад. И, не говоря ни слова, я тоже нырнул.
И тут,— а это произошло не более чем через три секунды, я
услышал голос Джо. Дж о кричал, и мой двоюродный брат Му
рад кричал, и я кричал. Мы все нырнули в ил по самые локти и
только с большим трудом высвободились, и каждый из нас под
нялся, беспокоясь о том, что случилось с остальными двумя. Мы
все стояли в холодной, ревущей воде, а наши ноги были по ко
лено в мягком иле. Буря разразилась, когда мы стояли в иле
канала.
«Ну» ,— сказал Д ж о,— «мы так или иначе попадем под
дождь. Давайте останемся в воде еще немного».
Мы поплавали еще не более десяти минут, но мы все дро
жали от холода. Затем мы вышли из воды и ила и оделись, и,
стоя под деревом, съели свои бутерброды. Вместо того чтобы
прекратиться, дождь продолжал идти, и мы решили немедленно
(тут же) отправиться домой.
11 К.
1. knew; would break out 2. were sure; wouldn’t dive 3. hoped;
wouldn’t go 4. knew; would probably be frightened by 5. thought;
would flavour
12 K.
1. would not break out 2. had already prepared 3. would change
4. had already gathered 5. were going to swim 6 . would phone me
7. would stop raining 8 . would not return 9. had not yet looked
through
230
13 к.
1. we shall not go; if the storm does not stop 2 . will be su r
prised when she sees 3. will take care of; until he is ready 4. won’t
swim; if the storm breaks out 5. will help them as soon as she
gets free 6 . shall go; if there is
14 K.
1. if the weather is fine 2. when the sun is high 3. if the storm
passes 4. if it doesn’t stop raining 5. after we have seen (see)
the new film on TV 6 . until you have come
15 K.
1. started for 2. of a storm 3. I was frightened 4. a sausage
sandwich 5. dived in 6 . broke out 7. were all trembling with cold
16 K.
1. across 2. difficulty 3. in a hurry 4. was probably insulted
5. broke out 6 . were trembling 7. the highway 8 . was frightened
by the storm 9. start for school 10. with his elbows on 11. the man
roared 12. probably 13. soft mud 14. its banks
17 K.
1. We are going to swim. 2. The storm is going to break out
soon. 3. My cousin is going to wait 4. He is going to speak. 5. She
is going to make 6 . They are going to start for 7. They were going
to see the new highway.
18 K.
to start for — to leave for; to decide — to make up one’s mind;
to be frightened — to be afraid; to take off — to undress; to trem
ble — to shake; highway — road; sure — certain.
19 K.
friendly — unfriendly; to remember — to forget; to talk — to
listen; roaring water — still water; d a r k — light; black — white;
the beginning — the end; cold — hot.
20 K.
1. What happened to Mourad? — He dived into the canal and
found himself in the mud up to his elbows. The water was very
cold and he was trembling with cold. 2 . “I have never swum in
such cold weather,” said one of the boys. 3. “Let us dress quickly,
it is going to rain,” said Joe. 4. “Yes, the sky h a s 'g ro w n dark,”
answered Mourad. 5. “Don’t be frightened! Dive in!” roared my
cousin Mourad. 6 . “Let us swim across the canal, then swim back,”
said Joe. 7. “We shall eat our sandwiches after we have returned
(have come back) to this bank of the canal,” said my cousin.
8 . We swam across the canal with difficulty. 9. It began to rain
231
(raining) but we were not in a hurry to get out of the water.
10. We saw two men across the canal. They were walking fast
along the highway.
УРОК 9
1 К.
1. expect him to come 2. hear her speak 3. want you to have
4. let him take 5. made P. stay 6 . noticed him come 7. believe
him to be
1 . Мы ожидаем, что он придет вовремя. 2 . Я люблю слушать,
как она говорит по-английски. 3. Мы хотим, чтобы вы хорошо
отдохнули. 4. Он не разрешит ему принять участие в этой ра
боте. 5. Доктор заставил П. остаться дома. 6 . Мы заметили, что
он вошел в комнату. 7. Вы полагаете, что он хороший врач?
2 К.
1 . A rarat 2 . The Andes; South America 3. The Himalayas;
India 4. Kazbek; the Caucasus
7 K.
1. Мы согрелись у печки. 2. банка бобов 3. человек по имени
Даркус 4. Он дал каждому из нас деревянную вилку. 5. Они
только что пришли с купанья. 6 . Судья внимательно посмотрел
на каждого из нас. 7. Что заставило вас сделать это? 8 . Мы
видели, как старик вышел из машины и вошел в лавку. 9. Я
слышал, как бакалейщик сказал 10. Судья выпил глоток. 11. Мы
увидели радугу на востоке.
8 К.
Бакалейщик расхохотался (разразился смехом). Мы закон
чили бобы и хлеб. Нам хотелось пить, но мы не могли решиться
попросить напиться (попить воды). Наконец Джо сказал: «Ми
стер Аббот, дайте нам, пожалуйста, напиться (попить воды)».
«Воды? — сказал бакалейщик.— Воды, мой мальчик? Вода
существует для того, чтобы в ней плавать, а не пить ее». Он
взял три бумажных стаканчика, подошел к бочонку с краном,
повернул (отвернул) кран и наполнил каждый стаканчик яблоч
ным соком.
«Вот, мальчики,— сказал он.— Пейте этот чудесный (хоро
ший) яблочный сок».
Судья налил бакалейщику стакан из (своей) бутылки, под
нял (поднес) бутылку к губам и сказал: «За ваше здоровье,
джентльмены».
9 К.
1. В. видел, что Т. пришел домой полчаса назад. 2. Он слы
шал, как она сказала, что все в порядке. 3. Я слышал, что он
уронил книгу на пол. 4. Я заставил его поднять книги. 5. Мы
232
видели, что она пишет письмо. 6 . Я хочу, чтобы ты переменила
платье. 7. Маме нравится, когда я ношу красное платье. 8 . Мне
не нравится, что мой брат так громко смеется.
10 К.
1. these young men hurry to the bus stop 2. Mary sing in her
room every day 3. the grocer divide the beans into three parts
4. Joe and Mourad dive into the roaring water 5. the Judge say,
“To your health, gentlemen!” 6 . eat a second can of beans 7. not
to eat his sandwich before swimming 8 . the grocer to be a very kind
man 9. the rain to stop in half an hour
11 K.
1 . as soon as you have opened (open) this can of beans 2 . be
fore they drink the apple juice 3. until their clothes have dried
4. after the boys have finished (finish) eating the beans 5. after
I have read (read) this book.
12 K.
1 . after he had left 2 . the rain stops you will have warmed
3. I shall fill 4. after the Judge had asked 5. he had given them
13 K.
1. started for; in the morning; on Saturday 2. arrived there
about (at) noon 3. arrived at; enter the water at once 4. burst out
laughing 5. took off; without a word dived into 6 . broke out
7. swam across the canal to 8 . got out of 9. put on; went to M.
1 0 . went to 11. a can of beans; divided the beans into three parts
12. went to; with apple juice 13. out of his bottle; to his lips; to
your health.
14 K.
a) 1. the boys; the water 2. half an hour 3. the grocery; the
store 4. the grocer; a can of beans; a loaf of bread 5. the beans;
the stove; the corner; the store 6 . an old car; the grocery; an old
man; the store; a bottle of wine 7. a cup of water 8 . the grocer;
a cup of apple juice; water 9. the old man; the heroic swimming
of the boys; the bottle; gentlemen 1 0 . the juice; the grocer; the
store 1 1 . home; the empty highway in silence
b) 1. Ai-Petri; the highest; the Crimea 2. the Carpathians; the
Alps; the Caucasus; the Balkan Mountains 3. Mont Blanc; the
most famous peak in Europe 4. Peak Lenin is a very; in the Pamirs
15 K.
1. funny story 2. in silence 3. foreigners 4. pour 5. drink 6 . filled
them 7. could not warm themselves 8 . health 9. burst out laugh
ing 10. Are you mad? 1 1 . lifted his bag 1 2 . hot water tap 13. bar
rel 14. not at all
233
16 к.
1. warmed ourselves at the stove 2. a loaf of bread 3. the beans
into three parts 4. a second can of beans 5. what made you do it?
6 . a drink of water 7. To your health, gentlemen! 8 . Not at all
9. in silence
17 K.
1. and warmed ourselves at the stove 2. looked funny 3. “What
made you do it?” 4. burst out laughing 5. we were thirsty but
couldn’t make up our minds to ask 6 . The rain had not stopped.
7. in silence
18 K.
1. asked for 2. the smell 3. named 4. a can 5. burst out laughing
6 . “Not at all,” the grocer said.
19 K.
1 . was empty 2. burst out laughing 3. in front of the grocery
4. in silence
20 K.
cold — hot; to open — to close; to buy — to sell; to give — to
take; a part — a whole; old — young; to begin — to finish; light —
dark; dry — wet; nearly — almost; to come in — to go out; the
road was empty — the road was crowded; to burst out laughing —
to burst out crying.
21 K.
1. When the boys got out of the water it was still raining hard.
2. They dressed and trembling with cold ate their sandwiches.
3. By that time the rain had not stopped yet and they decided to
go home. 4 . On their way home they saw a grocery store and went
in. 5. They warmed themselves at the stove and dried their clothes.
6 . The boys bought a can of beans and a loaf of bread in the
grocery store. 7. They were very thirsty and the grocer poured some
apple juice into three paper cups for them. 8 . The boys thanked
the grocer and walked along the highway home.
25 K.
a) 1. Who was (were) walking along the highway to M. that
morning? 2. When were the boys walking along the highway?
3. Where were the boys walking along the highway? 4. What were
the boys walking along? 5. What were the boys doing that morn
ing? 6 . Were the boys walking along the highway to M. that
morning?
b) 1. Did" the boys swim across the canal or did the girls?
2. The boys swam across the canal, didn’t they? 3. Didn’t the boys
swim across the canal?
234
26 К.
a) 1. I walked; I saw; she had already arrived; was sitting
2. he told me; had not heard 3. I came in; was listening; he said;
he had turned on 4. we came; had some tea; he told; what had
happened 5. the room was dark; I entered; I switched on; and
saw; my cousin had taken away;
b) 1 . told me; had taken part; he said he would finish 2 . told
me; had been; had a long talk 3. told me; had sent; would receive
27 K.
a) 1. If he comes in time, we’ll have enough time to go to the
river. 2. As soon as he comes I shall ring you up at once. 3. If
he buys the new English-Russian dictionary, he will be able to find
all the words. 4. They will start for Kiev as soon as they get the
tickets.
b) 1. By the end of this month we shall have visited all the
beautiful places near our village. 2. He will not (won’t) have
finished his assignments before you return. 3. He will have learned
all the new words by tomorrow. 4. Will she have done all the
exercises in this text-book by the end of August?
28 K.
1. before 2. after 3. before 4. since 5. after 6. as soon as 7. until
УРОК 10
t к.
a) 1. Had the report been finished by noon? 2. Had his story
been listened to? 3. Had the magazine been left on the round
table? 4. Had this film been seen by everybody? 5. Had my book
been taken by Joe? 6 . Had he been disturbed by anybody?
b) 1. The report had not been finished. 2. His story had not
been listened to. 3. The magazine had not been left on 4 . This
film had not been seen by anybody. 5. My book had not been taken
by Joe. 6 . He had not been disturbed by anybody. He had been
disturbed by nobody.
2 K.
1. N. went home after the vegetables had been bought. 2. She
bought all the things after she had been told theprices. 3. The
boys asked for water after the beans had been eaten up. 4. We
were frightened after a loud voice had been heard in the street.
5. The letter had been brought before I came home.
3 K.
1. Вам уже вымыли окна? — Нет еще. Мне вымоют их завтра.
2. Боб не может слушать последние известия, он еще не починил
свой приемник (ему еще не починили приемник). 3. Анна сфо
тографировалась вчера. 4. По каким дням вы обычно делаете
прическу? — Я обычно делаю прическу по пятницам.
235
4 К.
1 . correctly; a correct answer 2 . moved slowly; a slow car
3. was bad; read ... badly 4. a happy child; smiled happily
5 K.
1. more attentively 2. earlier 3. best of all 4. faster 5. later
6 . more correctly 7. most clearly
6 K.
1. will be more interesting than 2. as much as geography 3. as
pleasant as spring 4. is not so interesting as; more interesting than
history
11 K.
1. Новая парикмахерская не так далеко от моего дома, как
старая. 2 . Я почувствовал резкий запах краски. 3. Я хочу под
стричься. 4. она такая же хорошая, как любая из тех, которые
я когда-либо видел 5. Несколько женщин ждут своей очереди.
6 . на котором обычно лежат газеты и журналы 7. перманент
8 . усы 9. Я буду свободен (освобожусь) через несколько минут.
1 0 . Я тороплюсь сегодня. 1 1 . ваша очередь 1 2 . Вас подстричь поко
роче или только подровнять? 13. покороче сзади и с боков 14. До
статочно, спасибо. 15. Я договорилась по телефону. 16. Я хочу
сделать прическу. 17. Девять часов мне подходит больше всего.
12 К.
Я думал, что мне придется долго ждать. Я не ожидал, что
парикмахер так быстро справится со своей работой, как он это
сделал на самом деле. Парикмахер был опытный, и у него за
няло только шесть или семь минут, чтобы подровнять усы и
бороду своего клиента. Чем больше я осматривал парикмахер
скую, тем больше она мне нравилась.
Через несколько минут я услышал, как парикмахер сказал:
«Следующий», и я занял свободное место (кресло). Мастер вы
мыл руки и затем спросил: «Что вам угодно?» — «Я хочу под
стричься»,— сказал я. Меня только подстригли (я только под
стригся). Я не брился в парикмахерской, потому что побрился
дома.
13 К.
1 . had been broadcast; put on 2. P. told me; had happened
3. looked at; had seen; had met 4. entered; ordered; told me; had
happened; said; had been looked for; were brought; it was; they
had given us
14 K.
1. All arrangem ents had been made over the phone before Mrs
A. went to the hairdresser’s. 2., He did not go to the nearest bar
ber shop after his beard had been badly trimmed there. 3. The
magazine had been put on the table before I came to the barber
236
shop. 4. My moustache had been trimmed before I left the barber
shop (I left the barber shop after my moustache had been trimmed).
15 K.
1. The heavy barrel with paint had been brought by the work
ers to the third floor. 2. These doors had been painted by my
brother. 3. The last vacant seats in the hall had been taken by two
of my friends. 4. This picture had been painted by a well-known
painter. 5. The grass in front of the house had been trimmed by
Victor long before I came. 6 . All the seats had already been occu
pied by the pioneers before we arrived at the theatre.
16 K.
1. Мне покрасят кухню на будущей неделе. 2. Когда я зашла
в парикмахерскую, молодой женщине делали прическу. 3. Вик
тор ходит в парикмахерскую раз в десять дней, чтобы подров
нять (подстричь) усы и бороду.
17 К.
1. единственная дочь (прил.); только по-английски (нар.)
2 . широкое окно (прил.); широко открыто (нар.) 3 . тот самый
человек (прил.); очень хорошо (нар.) 4. хорошенькая девушка
(прил.); довольно интересная (нар.) 5. дальней деревни (прил.);
уехали далеко (нар.) 6 . идет прямо (нар.); прямое шоссе
(прил.) 7. шел сильный дождь, вчера вечером сильно лило (нар.);
твердые яблоки (прил.) 8 . долго ждать (нар.); долгое время
(прил.)
18 К.
1. better 2. earlier 3. best of all 4. worse 5. less 6. most com
fortably 7. more
19 K.
1 . good; quite well 2. quickly; a quick answer
20 K.
1. is as light as the new one 2. bigger than the old one 3. as
wide as 4. not so quick as 5. as short as boys
21 K.
1. in the morning; the fewer are the customers, the better is
the service 2. the hairdresser’s; the barber’s 3. women; men 4. as
a rule; the same barber; for a long time
22 K.
1. entered the barber shop; in the corner 2. sit down 3. at th
back and on the sides; take off; in the front 4. came into the hall
5. sat down at the table 6 . were waiting for their turn
237
23 К.
1. the seats 2. his beard 3. the only place 4. the sharp smell
5. had been trimmed 6 . was occupied with 7. for my turn 8 . no
vacant seats 9. actually all 10. the new paint 11. will suit us
24 K.
1. the only vacant seat 2. as he actually did 3. sit down and
have a look at the magazines 4. suits me best
25 K.
1. 1 felt a sharp smell of paint 2. occupied 3. are always a few
women 4. with the latest fashions 5. over the phone 6 . you won’t
have to wait long 7. to have my hair done 8 . I have no time
УРОК 11
1 к.
1. Мы должны пойти на экскурсию в следующее воскресенье.
2. Он должен был держать вчера экзамен, но преподаватель за
болел и не пришел. 3. Концерт должен был начаться в семь, но
один из певцов опоздал и пришлось начать его в семь тридцать.
4. Директор сказал, что он должен сделать эту работу немед
ленно. 5. Мы должны были встретиться в клубе в шесть часов.
2 К.
1. Радиусы одной окружности всегда равны (radius). 2. По
добные явления можно увидеть только на севере (phenomenon).
3. В капиталистических странах всегда существует опасность
экономических кризисов (crisis). 4. В прошлом месяце были из
даны серии книг по искусству (series). 5. Эти данные правильны
(datum ).
3 К.
1. a bad cold 2. a headache 3. a sore throat 4. the grippe
5. influenza 6 . quinsy
4 K.
1. What important work he will do! 2. How fast they ran!
3. What fine weather it was! 4. How bad the wea'ther i’s today!
5. How clever she is!
5 K.
1 . Посмотри на эту картину. 2 . Я взгляну на это высокое де
рево. 3. Откройте ваши книги, пожалуйста. 4. Мы увидели боль
шое открытое поле. 5. Мы планируем поехать на юг этим летом.
6 . Мы составили новый план на лето.
10 К.
1 . питается в определенное время 2 . можно обойтись без док
тора целую вечность. 3. Он задал Виктору ряд вопросов. 4. исто
238
рия болезни 5. симптомы своей болезни 6 . заболеть воспалением
легких (пневмонией) 7. Он сильно кашлял. 8 . выслушал его
сердце и легкие 9. Он произвел тщательный осмотр. 10. чувство
вал себя очень плохо И. Не о чем было беспокоиться. 12. Она
знала, как хорошо (надлежащим образом) ухаживать за боль
ными. 13. Это не разовьется (не превратится) во что-нибудь
серьезное. 14. Что с тобой? 15. У меня сильный насморк и ка
шель. 16. Зайди в четыре часа. 17. Его оперировали по поводу
аппендицита.
11 К.
В прошлом месяце, когда я вернулся после своего летнего
отпуска, я пошел повидать своего брата. Мы долго не видели
друг друга.
«Какой ты бледный, Виктор! Что с тобой?» — спросил я.
Я видел, что он дрожит, глаза у него красные, а лицо бледное.
Я п о л о ж и л руку ему на лоб и сразу почувствовал, что у него
высокая температура (жар). Я понял, что он заболел. Брат ска
зал: «Вызови доктора по телефону, Джо, у меня сильная головная
боль и высокая температура, посмотри на термометр. Я думаю, что у
меня грипп». Температура была очень высокая, она была тридцать
восемь и девять. Я заставил Виктора лечь в постель. Я должен был не
медленно вызвать врача, но, к несчастью, телефон не работал,
поэтому мне пришлось пойти к соседу.
12 К.
1. you may take 2. I must stay in bed. 3. I shall have to tele
phone 4. May I have? 5. is to come back 6 . I may sit in the
garden. 7. He could not come. 8 . They were to come. 9. I can
translate. 10. V. had to stay in bed. 11. You must see the doctor.
12. He is to meet Mary.
13 K.
I. Yesterday my sister said that she felt bad. 2. The doctor said
that she had the flu (the grippe). 3. The doctor promised that she
would recover in a few days. 4. V. came from the chemist’s and
said that the medicine would be ready in an hour. 5. I thought that
the doctor was listening to the patient’s heart but he was taking
the blood pressure of an old man. 6 . The doctor operated on this
patient yesterday. 7. I knew that this medicine would bring down
the temperature.
14 K.
a) 1. What high blood pressure she has! 2. What important
instructions these are! 3. What a serious illness it was! 4. What
a bad headache I have! 5. What a difficult patient he is!
b) 1. How bad he feels! 2. How often she falls ill! 3. How
quickly they recovered! 4. How thoroughly he examined him!
c) 1. What nice children they are! 2. What a regular pulse he
239
has! 3. How easy this exercise is! 4. What з cold morning it is!
5. How well he feels! 6 . How quickly she washed! 7. How fast they
swim!
15 K.
a) 1. a few days 2. the doctor 3. the doctor; the symptoms
4. the doctor; a series of questions; a prescription; a cold 5. the
medicine twice a day; meals 6 . the doctor; the medicine; the tem
perature 7. small things
b) 1 . an interesting film; such a film 2 . fine weather; Repino;
beautiful places
16 K.
1. in the morning 2. looked at; at konce 3. for the doctor 4. in
half an hour 5. listened to 6 . send for 7. in an hour 8 . for a cold
9. in bed; take care of himself 10. develop into; recover from; for
a long time
17 K.
1 . had meals; did his morning exercises; could do without
2, made a thorough examination; took my temperature; I had a
high temperature. It was 38.7. 3. have a good rest
18 K.
1 . После нескольких минут отдыха мы пошли дальше. Я люб
лю отдыхать на юге. 2. Она улыбнулась мне. Она не улыбнулась
его словам. 3. У меня был с ним интересный разговор вчера
вечером. Они никогда не разговаривают по телефону во время
рабочего дня. 4. Сейчас моя очередь стричься. Лодка повернула
к берегу.
19 К.
1. I felt so bad that 2. a proper medicine 3. a long serious
illness 4. take your blood pressure 5. the prescription 6 . caught
cold 7. from pneumonia 8 . to the chemist’s 9. I do not feel better.
1 0 . this medicine 1 1 . my medical history 1 2 . a great deal of blood
13. quite recovered 14. to bring down her blood pressure 15. exam
ined V. thoroughly 16. appendicitis 17. operated on him
20 K.
1. do without ... for ages 2. fall ill 3. the flu 4. a series 5. of
sick people 6 . recovered
21 K.
1 . can do without the doctor for ages 2 . go and see a doctor
3. a bad headache 4. was very high 5. felt very bad and coughed
badly 6. toQk the prescription to the chemist’s 7. Kate knew how
to take care of sick people.
240
УРОК 12
1 К.
1. dinner yet 2. what other stories 3. no more time 4. what else
5. anything else 6 . another example 7. was still worse 8 . Where else
6K.
1. Он был одет в серое пальто с бело-голубым шарфом.
2. Никто не пришел встретить его. 3. типичный англичанин, спо
собный только спросить 4. Дайте мне сдачу. 5. грязная и деше
вая 6 . позвонил, чтобы принесли горячую воду 7. Появилась гор
ничная. 8 . Он забыл, как по-итальянски горячая вода. 9. что
было типично для англичанина 10. белый кувшин И. Еще что-
нибудь? 1 2 . Я должен буду вас осмотреть.
7 К.
Томас побрился и умылся, пригладил волосы щеткой и з а
метил, что у него седеют виски. Он распаковал свои вещи и
достал пару серых брюк. Он посмотрел на часы и услышал
звук гонга. Томас понял, что наступило время обеда и что ему
придется переодеться и спуститься вниз и поесть что-нибудь.
Он спустился вниз. После обеда, который был не очень вкусным, он
поднялся наверх в свою темную комнату и проспал до пяти
часов.
Вечером он пошел к доктору, к которому ему посоветовали
обратиться. Он представился: «Меня зовут И шервуд. Доктор
Хаггард велел мне повидать вас немедленно. Я очень рад, что
вы здесь (на месте)».
Доктор Бэрт был высоким мужчиной (человеком большого
роста) с бородой. Он носил очки. Ишервуду понравилась его
внешность (наружность).
К.
8
a) 1. Who was shown a dark room on the third floor? 2. What
was Thomas shown? 3. What room was Thomas shown? 4. On
what floor was Thomas shown a room? 5. Was Thomas shown
a dark room on the third floor?
b) 1. Isherwood was putting on his shirt, w asn’t he? 2. W asn’t
Isherwood putting on his shirt? 3. Was Isherwood putting on his
shirt or was the doctor? 4. Was Isherwood putting on his shirt or
his scarf?
9 K.
1. another one 2. eight o’clock yet; a few more minutes 3. some
body else? 4. some more water 5. Who else? 6 . another two weeks?
7. anyone else 8 . will still be 9. anything else 10. there is still
1 1 . anywhere else 1 2 . anything else for me?
26 K.
a) 1. When you come to the station, you will find a porter there.
2. If I go to Minsk, I shall stop at the new hotel. 3. I’ll go to see
you (I’ll visit you) after I have returned (have come back) from
Sochi. 4. They will go to the seaside as soon as they get a letter
from him.
b) 1. By this time next week we shall have arrived in Sochi.
2. By July next year he will have passed all his examinations. 3. By
the end of this month Thomas will have returned home. 4. The
newspaper says that the cold and rainy weather will have changed
by Friday.
c) 1. He was as serious as his brother was. 2. He is the young
est doctor in our group. 3. He is a more experienced doctor than
I am. 4. His health is as good as yours. 5. Her blood pressure is
higher than his. 6 . She felt worse than her sister did. 7. This morn
ing she felt better than she felt yesterday. 8 . They feel as well as
we do. 9. He is the most experienced doctor in this hospital. 10. The
doctor examined the patient as thoroughly (carefully) as he did on
Monday.
27 K.
1. felt his pulse; made Nick 2. took the medicine; felt better
3. had fallen ill 4. took his blood pressure (had taken)
9* 243
УРОК 13
1 к.
1. The patient is being examined by the doctor. 2. When I en
tered the room the table was being laid for three by my daugher.
3. While dinner was being cooked (by Mother) the room was being
put in order and the table was being laid for three (by Mary).
3 K.
1. will have been examined 2. will have been brought 3. will
have been done; will have been cleaned; will have been cooked;
will have been washed
4 K.
1. The Soviet Union; Latin America 2. rest; Siberia 3. the
Dvina; the Arctic Ocean 4. Arkhangelsk; Dixon 5. the “T ataria”;
the east 6. the island; the Kola Peninsula; to Murmansk
5 K.
a) one fourth; one seventhr two ninths; one and two fifths;
eight and three eighths; zero (nought, о [ou]) point four; zero
point zero, zero six; one point four five; three point two five.
b) three and a half kilometres; four and one third kilometres;
three quarters of a kilometre; two hours and a quarter (two and
a quarter hours); three quarters of an hour; zero point four five
of a ton; thirty point seven five tons; nought point two five of a
kilogramme; two point three five pounds.
6 K.
1. Первая русская научная экспедиция на Шпицберген была
организована в 1764 году. 2. Эти инженеры внесли (сделали)
несколько изменений, чтобы стандартизировать вес автомобилей.
3. Страна мобилизовала все свои силы, чтобы выиграть войну.
4. Этот процесс еще не полностью механизирован. 5. Молодой
инженер показал нам завод, который был полностью модерни
зирован два года назад.
12 К.
1. Солнцу нужно (требуется) 11 часов, чтобы пересечь территорию
СССР. 2. Его европейская часть больше всей остальной Европы. 3. бо
лее одной трети территории 4. за одну навигацию (в течение
одной навигации) 5. рейс между этими же пунктами 6. более вы
сокая средняя температура (среднегодовая температура выше)
7. на котором расположен Мурманск 8. его бомбили 9. Великая
Отечественная война 10. Сотни матросов, солдат и офицеров
Советской Армии погибли здесь. И. жители Мурманска 12. В на
ши дни Мурманск является воротами в Арктику.
13 К.
Мурманский рыболовный флот имеет свой рыбный порт, ко
торый расположен рядом (по соседству) с торговым портом.
244
Рыболовный флот модернизируется и каждый год требует все
больше и больше штурманов и механиков. Мурманское мореход
ное училище, первое высшее учебное заведение за полярным
кругом, готовит необходимых специалистов. Лов рыбы продол
жается весь год (круглый год). Рыбу доставляют на механизи
рованный консервный завод. К концу этой (текущей) пятилетки
будет построено еще несколько других заводов.
Мурманск самый главный северный порт Советского Союза.
Лес привозят в больших количествах из Сибири, а уголь приво
зят со Шпицбергена и из Воркуты. Из Мурманска отправляют
большое количество апатита во многие европейские страны. По
грузка и выгрузка в порту полностью механизированы.
14 К.
1. Houses for the workers are being built by our cannery in
Murmansk. 2. When I entered the room the new mechanized system
of loading timber was being talked about by my friends. 3. At
our cannery the young workers are taught by more experienced
workers. 4. Interesting reports were made by experienced workers
and specialists at the seamen’s club last winter. 5. Everything had
been prepared for unloading the ship by eight o’clock. 6. The work
will have been finished by the young engineers by the end of the
week. 7. Warm water is brought by the Gulf Stream into the B ar
ents Sea. 8. One of the fishing vessels was named by the people of
Murmansk after Anatoly Bredov.
15 K.
1. were walking 2. arrived; went in 3. found; were sold
4. wanted to buy; asked 5. was shown; was; fitted; did not like
6. was 7. would receive; would have 8. said; would come.
16 K.
1. By this time next week we shall have arrived in (come to)
Sochi. 2. By July next year he will have passed all his examina
tions at the Navigation School. 3. By the end of this month Alec
will have returned home from his voyage. 4. The newspapers write
that the cold and rainy weather will have changed by Friday.
17 K.
1. on the coast of the Azov Sea beyond (near) the town 2. of
the factory 3. at the gate of the cold store; to go in; by the
manager 4. put on; put on 5. we went into the cold store 6. the heat
outside 7. cold inside; trembling with cold 8. in the cold store was
below zero.
18 K.
1. geography; for centuries; a favourite science; the Russian
people 2. the 14th and (the) 15th centuries Russian seamen; for
eign countries 3. Afanasy Nikitin; India; Vasco de Gama 4. the
Kolyma River to Anadir; the coast of the Bering Sea; the north
245
east part of the Arctic Ocean 5. Lomonosov; a sea route; Europe;
the Pacific Ocean; the Siberian coast 6. the “Sibiryakov”; the
White Sea; the Pacific; the north coast of Siberia; in the year
1932
19 K.
1. is situated 2. the ice-breaker “ Sibiryakov” 3. an ordinary
4. lost their lives 5. is being modernized 6. trains 7. are fully
mechanized 8. beyond
20 K.
to last — to stop; open — closed; less — more; north — south;
to build — to destroy; narrow — wide; ice-bound — ice-free; cold —
warm; in the centre — on the outskirts; loading — unloading
21 K.
1. territories 2. of the globe 3. a large quantity 4. ordinary
day’s work 5. ice-free 6. lost their lives 7. are mechanized 8. were
trained 9. unloading 10. is situated 11. voyages 12. at the point
13. was destroyed 14. the surface of the sea 15. beyond
22 K.
1. M urmansk is an ice-free port. It is situated on the Kola
Peninsula not far from the Barents Sea beyond the Arctic Circle.
2. Thanks to the Gulf Stream the water in the Kola Bay is often
warmer than the air. The winters in M urmansk are not very cold,
but they last up to ten months. 3. The average temperature in
M urmansk is higher than in Astrakhan. The port is open to nav
igation twelve months of the year. 4. One can always see a lot
of (many) ships in Murmansk. The loading and unloading in the
port are fully mechanized. 5. By the end of this five-year plan
several factories will have been built in Murmansk.
1 ^ УРОК 14
§ 68. С во д к а о р ф о гр а ф и ч е с к и х и зм ен ен и й сл о в
при п р и б ав л ен и и с у ф ф и к с о в и о к о н ч ан и й
249
§ 69. Образование множественного числа
имен существительных
Табл. I.
О кончание
мн. ч.
И мена сущ ествительны е,
оканчиваю щ иеся на: в про Примеры
в напи
и зно
сании
шении
2. шипящий или свистящий звук (на письме -es [,z] dress - dresses
-ss, -sh, -ch, -х) brush — brushes
watch — watches
box — boxes
252
Артикль сохраняется и в том случае, когда существительное
не употребляется, но подразумевается:
Victor is the youngest of us. Виктор — самый молодой из нас.
4. Существительным с предлогом:
The son of my friend is ill. Сын моего друга болен.
The tea in this glass is cold. Чай в этом стакане холодный.
5. Причастным оборотом:
The young man standing at the Молодой человек, стоящий у окна,
window is my brother. мой брат.
The letter received in themorning Письмо, полученное утром, очень
is very short. короткое.
257
П р и м е ч а н и е : Вопросы к обстоятельству места в пред
ложениях с оборотом th e re + b e не ставятся. Если нужно
выяснить местонахождение предмета, то задается вопрос к
обстоятельству места:
Where are the students? They are in the laboratory.
Продолжение
258
Продолжение
259
§ 77. Сравнительная таблица употребления времен
Present Indefinite и Present Continuous
260
Продолжение
261
Продолжение
A. P ast In d efin ite Б. P a st Co n tin u o u s
262
П родолжение
A. Past Ind efinite Б. P ast C o n tin u o u s
into ( в ) in ( в ) out of (и з )
Движение внутрь огра- ! Местонахождение вну Движение из ограничен
ниченного пространства: три ограниченного ного пространства:
пространства:
Не came into the room, j Не is in the room Не goes out of the room.
263
§ 80. Таблица основных временных предлогов
264
§ 81. Схема порядка слов в вопросительных
предложениях
1. Общие вопросы
Сказуемое Сказуемое
Д ополнения и
В спомогательны й или П о д леж ащ ее См ы словой К р а тк и е ответы
об сто ятел ьства
модальный глагол глагол
2. Специальные вопросы
Сказуе С казуе
Член предлож ения, к Подлеж а Д ополнения
мое мое
которому с та в и тся В опросительное слово щее и о б сто я тел ь
Вспом. См ы слов.
вопрос ства
глагол глагол
266
Продолжение