Dahamsak Pavathum Sutta

Examination of Standard Particle Model through the Bravura and

Virtuoso Dahamsak Pavathum Sutta

By Nihal Surasena

The Eternal Question

Humans had been trying find out an answer for the eternal question of what is the world
made out of? Answers of many versions had been put forwarded by varies schools of
thoughts, including the standard particle model theory of present day.

During the period of enlightening of Lord Buddha, there were many gurus and schools of
thought expressed different doctrines of creation and existence of universe. Theses
doctrines were basically categorized to sixty four opinions such as universe is permanent,
temporary, soul is permanent, soul is temporary, universe is permanent and soul is
temporary. Universe is creation of mighty god, and universe is neither permanent nor
temporary. In the Brahamajala Sutta Lord Buddha explains the reasons for such belief
and clearly clarify how and why such belief fall short of the level of wisdom and
intelligence required for in-depth understanding of the universe (the loka).

Each guru depending on their belief recommended a set of moral conduct, devotions and
rituals, to be followed by dispels. The moral conducts, devotions and rituals varied from
low level practices such as imitating animals to high level practices such as meditation.
These different beliefs and opinions concerning the existence, nature, and worship of
God, or gods, and divine involvement in the universe and human life, extended to create
different Religions in India.

Dahamsak Pavathum Sutta (Damma Chakka Pawatum Suthraya)

The first sermon of Lord Buddha to the five dispels the “Damma Chakka Pawatum
Suthraya”, was a complete revolution and an innovative disclose compared to the other
doctrines prevailing. Instead examining the nature or the universe to find out its
beginning, existence and the end, Damma Chakka Pawatum Suthraya”, disclosed four
Noble Truths; Dukkha, Dukkha Samudaya, Dukkha Niroda, and Dukkha Nirodagamini
Prathipada which explains the four noble truths those causes continuation of the universe
(loka) and eight fold noble path to attain Nibbana discontinue from loka
Damma Chakka Pawatum Suthraya”, found in the Suttra Pitaka is about four to five
printed pages, however it is stated that Lord Buddha taken more than a week to explain
the Damma Chakka Pawatum, to the five dispels. ( P 72,Buddha and his teachings by
Narada) therefore it can be safely concluded that the first sermon delivered by Lord
Buddha, had much more explanation on the four noble truths eight fold noble path.

Lord Buddha delivered the sermon in Language of (Magadhi) Prakrit which is the
literacy language generally patronized by kings identified as Kshatriya to which Lord
Buddha belongs to.

According to Sanskrit grammatical tradition, word Dukkaha derived from dus-kha

"uneasy", but according to Monier-Williams more likely a Prakritized form of dus-stha
"unsteady, disquieted, lack of peace.

Considering the meaning of Dukkha given in the Monier Williams Dictionary, the four
Noble truths can be interpreted as Unsteadiness, (Dukkha) recurrence of Unsteadiness
( Dukkha Samudaya) Control of Unsteadiness (Dukkha Niroda) Formula for controlling
unsteadiness (Dukkha Nirodagamini Prathipadawe).

Dukkha: the Unsteadiness

Jaati, Jara, Marana, and wish unfulfilled are explained as Dukkha in Damma Chakka
Pawatum Suthraya. In general use Jaati is considered as birth, but the Monier Williams
Sanakrit /English Dictionary Jaati is considered as Circumstances of birth (beginning),
Jara as decay, and Marana as annihilation or death.

Accordingly, circumstances of a beginning (birth) effect: JAATI, decay of the effect;

JARA, Annihilation of the effect; MARANA, and inability to control the effect or
cause; WISH UNFULFILLED is the reason for unsteadiness DUKKHA.

Dukkha Samudaya: The Recurrence of unsteadiness

In Dhamsak Pavathun Sutraya, lord Buddah further states that recurrence of
unsteadiness is due to liking to various states as attachment to matter, that can
be identified with five sensory devices, attachment to existence – invisible
(dark) matter, attachment to non existence – invisible (dark) energy

PONOBAHAVIKA NANADIRAGA SAHAGATHA THAHTHRA THATHRA

ABINNADANI SAIYATHEEDAN KAMA THANHA BAWA THANHA VIBAWAHA
THANHA
Dukkha Nirodaya: Control of Unsteadiness
In Dhamsak Pavathun Sutraya, lord Buddah recommends avoid attractive interaction
(indulgence in sensual pleasure) KAMASUKALLIKANU YOGA and also to avoid
repulsive interaction (indulgence in self mortification) ATTAKILAMATHANU YOGA,
instead recommend to follow an eight fold middle path which will avoid interaction of
any form with matter or otherwise.

Brhamajala Sutta, Nibbana and extinct of cosmic

entanglement
The state of Nibbana is clearly explained in the Brahmajala sutta which critically
analyzes and explains reasons for the sixty four dogmas prevailed at the time with regard
to the nature such as existence of a permanent soul, permanent universe and creation of
the universe by Maha Brahma or eternal god.

Of the sixty four dogmas eighteen are based on anterior hypothetic the balance forty four
are based on ulterior hypothetic both derived from experience (attachment.)

Lord Buddha in Brahmajala sutta states that, Dispels, as non of the mangoes in a bunch of
mangoes which fallen from the tree will have connection with the tree, ( mangoes will
not have any interaction, liking or attachment with the tree) body of lord Buddha will
be seen by deva and manussa (gods and humans) until this body exist. After my
Parinibbana no one will see me. All type of interactions, liking and attachments that
is fundamental nature of energy and matter will extinct.

Sathipattna Sutta and Basic Constitutions of body- the

particle matter
The Satipattana Sutta is a disclose by lord Buddha as the only way to attain NIBBANA
Dispel this is the only way to develop intelligence, and wisdom to control
unsteadiness. EKAYANO AYAN BIKKAWE MAGGO SATTHANM VISUDDIYA
SOKA PARIDDAWANA SAMATHIKKMAYA DUKKA DOMANASSANAM
ATTHANGAMAYA CHNAYASSAADIGAMAYA . Generally the meaning of word
sattha is considered as living being, yet in-depth examination of the meaning gives
the meaning as; Fundamental nature of a functioning system of
interdependent parts that resembles an active (dynamic) entity. Therefore it
can be easily argued that unsteadiness discussed above is not the unsteadiness of
the human being but unsteadiness of the fundamental system.
In the section that examining preliminary particles of human body DATHU
MANASIKARA PABBANG of Satipattana sutta require to examine and understand human
body constituents, namely Solids PATAVI-, Fluids, AAPO- Gas VAYO- and Radiant
Energy THEJO-. Further examination of these four fundamental constitutions; lead to
understanding of Paramanu (Elementary particle) Atom and sub atomic structure of the
atom.

Sunnakkatha Sutta and emptiness

Lord Buddha stated that entire universe is empty and teaching was considered as,
doctrine of nothingness.
Sunakkhatta, a certain person intent on the sphere of neither
perception nor non- perception, thinks, talks, finds pleasure and
associates others intent on neither perception nor non perception. His
attention does not settle when words on nothingness are spoken. He
does not think, talk, find pleasure and associate those interested in
nothingness like a man who has eaten his fill would throw the remains.
Sunakkhatta, would that man eat that food again?' `No, venerable sir
he would not,' `In the same manner a person intent on the sphere of
neither perception nor non-perception, thinks, talks, finds pleasure and
associates others intent on neither perception nor non-perception. His
attention does not settle when words on nothingness are spoken. He
does not think, talk, find pleasure and associate those interested in
nothingness. The man intent on neither perception nor non
perception is unyoked from the bonds of nothingness.

High Energy Physics and its development

Study of elementary constituents of matter (Atom and sub atomic particles) and radiation
is a branch of physics, which is called as particle physics or high energy physics.
There are several universities and labs around the world where scientists are busy
investigating sub atomic particles trying to find out the creation of matter. There
are over seventy particle accelerators around the world. Largest particle accelerator
Large Hadrons Collider is at (CERN) European Organization for Nuclear Research.

In the western world atomic structure of matter was conceived as a philosophical idea in
the 5th century B.C. Atom was considered as the fundamental particle which is
indivisible. This idea was verified by Lavoisier through experiments in the 18th
century.
In the beginning of the 20th century Ernest Rutherford, showed that atom has very solid
and relatively small nucleus. Rutherford said Nucleus of the atom is positively
charged and negatively charged electrons occupy the empty space. Neil Bohar
found that electrons are rotating around the nucleus.

New experiments in 1920 to 1930 confirmed that nucleus can be further sub dived to two
kinds of particles, positively charged protons and electrically neutral Neutron.
Experiments under taken during 1960 and 1970 confirmed that Proton and
Neutrons are not the elementary particles and they have further smaller particles
named as quarks. Experiments proved that quarks are of two different types having
two different charges. Quarks having 2/3 electrical charge was named as Up quark
and Quarks having 1/3 charge was named as down quarks. In elementary particle
physics four particles can build world as it is today: Up quark, Down quark,
Electron and neutrino. Neutrino is a strange particle with very small mass which is
considered as matter less as the mass of Neutrino is less than the error of currently
used instruments.

Since the reason advancement of science, it has been now proven that Atom is not the
fundamental particle which is simple and structure less.

Atom structure and Emptiness

Atom is a very small particle of the size .00000001 mm. Electron is the size of .
000000000000001mm. Proton and neutron are of the size of .0000000000001mm. Proton
and neutrons are made out of quarks which of the size of .000000000000001mm. If, we
consider the size of an atom as 1, then the size of quark and electron is1/100,000,000 of
that. The most important is the emptiness of the atom. 99.999999999999% of the space
in the atom is empty.

Particle Duality and Unsteadiness

In 1924 by Louis de Borglie, advanced hypothesis of particle duality, that matter has
wave like nature, wave particle duality. His theory was experimentally confirmed in
1927 when physicists Lester Germer and Clinton Davisson fired electrons at a crystalline
nickel target and the resulting diffraction pattern was found to match the predicted values.
Nevertheless, his hypothesis would hold true for both electrons and for everyday objects.

Since 1927 the Louis de Borglie theory was accepted and the way, the elementary
particles were looked in to was changed, instead of looking at particles only as matter that
occupied specific position in the space, elementary particles are considered as wave
function with a probability of position in the space.

Electrons are in constant motion around the nucleus, Protons and Neutrons jiggle within
the nucleus, and quarks jiggle within the protons and neutrons. For the first time
researcher at Lund University managed to photograph an electron rides on a light wave
after just having been pulled away from an atom.

From the above it can be safely concluded that Atom is system of interdependent parts
that resembles an active (dynamic) entity. To understand the fundamental nature of
the atom (system of interdependent parts that resembles an active (dynamic) entity)
Require understanding of interaction at sub atomic level.

Interaction at sub atomic level

In particle physics, there are four forces that keep these tiny matter particles together.
These are called Strong, Electromagnetic, Weak, and Gravity forces. The current data
suggest that three forces Strong, Electro magnetic and weak merge in to one force at high
energies. Therefore the interactions at low energy levels can be considered as different
aspect of one interaction.

All forces in the world can be attributed to four interactions as Attractive and Repulsive
forces, decay and annihilation. The universes, which we know, exist because these
fundamental particles interact.

All the forces known in the world: friction, magnetism, gravity and nuclear decay are
caused by one of these interactions. Force is an effect on a particle due to presence of
another particle. The interactions of a particle include all the forces that affect it, but also
include decays and annihilations that the particle might go through.

Particle decay refers to the transformation of a fundamental particle into other

fundamental particles. This type of decay is strange, because the end products are not
pieces of the starting particle, but totally new particles. Annihilations are of course not
decays, but they too occur via virtual particles. In annihilation a matter and an antimatter
particle completely annihilate into energy.

That is, they interact with each other, converting the energy of their previous existence
into a very energetic force carrier particle (a gluon, W/Z, or photon). These force carriers,
in turn, are transformed into other particles. In both; decay and annihilation process
particle change in to a completely new particle (Mass) or force. Energy and mass are
two sides of the same coin. Mass can transform into energy and vice versa in accordance
with Einstein’s famous equation (E=mc2).
Of the four forces mentioned above interaction of strong, Electro and weak forces have
been identified. Action of Gravity force has not been identified as yet; it is one of the
major problems physics has to find answers to day.

From the above it can understood that the attractive and repulsive forces are the
Fundamental nature of a functioning system of interdependent parts that resembles
an active (dynamic) entity

Similarities in Buddhism and High Energy Physics

Particle physics
Fundamental nature of a functioning system of interdependent parts that resembles
an active (dynamic) entity is attractive and repulsive interaction and function of gravity
force is not known.

Teachings of Lord Buddha

Fundamental nature of a functioning system of interdependent parts that resembles
an active (dynamic) entity is attractive and repulsive interaction and attachments to
matter or energy. (Kama, Bawa, Vibawa).
By avoiding interactions and attachment, circumstances of beginning of basic dynamic
entity will destroyed. Therefore formation of matter or energy will extinct.

From the above it will be seen that high energy physics is trying to see the universe as
It is. Lord Buddha has disclosed the way of breaking the bonds with the nothingness to
avoid creating a system of interdependent parts that resembles an active (dynamic)
entity Satthwa.

Present day Science and Science disclosed by Lord

Buddha.
As per the Encarta Dictionary the study of the physical and natural world and
phenomena, especially by using systematic observation and experiment termed as
science.
In the Ambatta Sutta of deega Nikaya one aspect of science is explained as: the
Capability of withdrawing the mind from the present body and creating a similar
body elsewhere from the mind.
As per the tripitaka lord Buddha had created Buddha picture in far away places from the
actual place of existence several times in a matter of second and delivered sermons to
dispels. In to day’s science terms this is known as teleporting.

Researches from universities of Marry land and Michingan have managed to teleport
quantum identity of one atom to another atom few feet away; the method is not
particularly practical at the moment, because it fails almost all of the time. Only 1 of
every 100 million teleportation attempts succeeds, requiring 10 minutes to transfer one
bit of quantum information.

End
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Credits
Most Rev Galaboda chanissara thero( Gangaramya podi Hamuduruwo) for giving me a copy of
Sinhala Gee Sahitha Pirith Desana book which contains sinhala translation of Dahamsak
Pavathum Sutta, 18 years ago when I was in distress.

Buddhist Cultural Society, Nadimala for Sinhala Translation of Tripitakya

Wikipidia, NASA, Lund University, Marry Land University, Michigan University, CERN Lab,
Chandra Observatory, Monier Williams Sanskrit English Dictionary

Dear reader,
I have tried to explain the similarities in teachings of Lord Buddha and high end science
of the western world .Teachings of Lord Buddha has adequately answered the major
problems faced by the science today, such as Formation of matter, and energy , Gravity
force, Existence of Knowledge without matter, High speed data transfer systems,
Teleporting and Quantum data processing, etc

Your comment on this article is greatly appreciated.

Nihal Surasena.
nihalsurasena@yahoo.com
0777530665
14.03.10