B. I. JAPKEBHY, H. A. COBOJIEBA O JATMPOBKE JIMTOBCKHX MOHET C HANMCbIO «IIEDATb» (a0 matepnazam I[aruaiickoro xaaqa) Tlenxexnan cncrema JIuroscxoro seankoro KaaKectsa XIV—XV ss. no na- cronmero BpeMeHM Mato HCcleOBaHa, XOTA Ha MPOTAMKERUM yoke CTA TeT HOME cK, AHTOBCKHe HM PYCCKHe yuenkle HM COOMpaTerH HeoxHOKpaTHO O6pamaa cBoe BHUMaHMe Ha MaNCHbKMe, Hpocrble mo ma06pasKeHHaM MuTOBCKMe Mo- HeTKM, Ha Tak HaSbBaeMBle AUTOBCKMe PyOME-CAMTKM, MbITAACh HaiiTm Mex- AY HUMH B3aHMOCBASE HW HOCTABUTE B COOTBETCTBUE C OHOBPeMeHEBIM UM [e- HerKHEIM oOpaiennem cocequnx crpaw. Hao ormetiTs, upaByia, ¥TO B OCHOB- HOM HHTepec HcCAefoBaTeNeli OrpanuinBanca nyOAMKalMel OTLeABHBIX THTOB- CKEX MOHET HJM BEICKASHIBAHMeM HeocTaTO¥HO apryMeHTMpoRaHHEIX npeAno- AOMeHM 10 BOMpocy O MecTe M BPeMeHH MX YeKaHKH. Boazee wim Menee Hay4ubiii anaaMs WHTOBCKOrO AeHexHOTO ena OnIT ocy- mectsazex aams B 20-e roqst Hamero Bexa nombcKum yuensim M. Pymoscium ', Hessan ne maaparTs Taxxxe NYOTMKANHM KXANOB NNTOBCKHX MoHeT H CJTKOR, upequpunarite nymuamatom II. Kapasueit?, B nocaequue 30 ner sonpocam Renexnoro o6pamenna s Jinrosckom BexuKoM KHwKecTBe nOCRAIeH pam pa6or conercKax yuenbix %, Ocnosuoi npwwmnoit uensysennoct xenexnoro obpamenua JutoscKoro eaHKOrO KHAKECTBA B YKasAHRBI Mepwon CAYKUT He cTOmLKO HefocTATON- HOCTS JTONMCHEIX [aHHBIX WAM OTCYTCTBMe CHCTeMbI M LIpaBMAbHOTO MeTORA B H3Y¥eHUM JBTOBCKHX MOHET M CHMTKOB, CKOMbKO CKYMOCTb caMoro HYMHSMa- THMECKOTO MaTepMasa, OTCYTCTBME KAa{OBLIX KOMUNEKCOB PABHUX ANTOBCKEX Moner B Kpynuelimnx KoITeKHMAX HaLelt Crpanl, sa MCKMOVeNMeM MyseiinEX coOpaumit Jats. Tlostowy moGag Haxogka uam oGnapyxenme neony6xmKopannoro Kaxaga AHTOBCKEX MOHET 4 cAHTKOR XIV—XV BB. aBagetca GombmaM coOtrTHeM, clo- 1 M. Gumows ki, Numizmatyka litewska wiekéw érednich. Krakéw, 1920. 2 PK arazija, 190m. Vilniaus lobis, Vilnius, 1932; Aluonos Skleriy ir Ktuminiy lo- biai, Kaunas, 1944. oA. A. Hatbirm, Kaaconunanun pyccnmx yqeabaax moner, Moneta Besukoro Kas- axeeraa JIuroscxoro. JI, 1940, orp. 14—20; H. H. Iexatmxmu. Tonorpapus xuagon ¢ Amrosckann wonevaanr ua teppuropax fipensero JiuroscKore rocynapersa. I, 1033—— 1934, pyxonucs (xpanmrea » Apxmpe JOA); T. B.D egopos. Knacenpuxanaa nutos- cxux ematkos u nouer. KCHMMK, XIX, 1949, orp. 114—115; ero ae. Tonorpadur xs: AOB c IMTOBCKAIMH CHUTKAM H MOReTaNH, TaK xe, CTP. 64—75; ero Ke, Lobiy su Lieta- vos lydiniais ir monetomis topografija. Lietuvos’ istorijos instituto darbai, I. Vilnius, 4951, orp. 181, 228; A. Tautaviéius. Papildomi duomenys apie naujus sidabro lydiniy XIV a. II puses—XV a. pradzios lietuvos monetu radinius lietuvos T'S R teritorijoje. ‘Tp. AH JIurCCP, cep. A, I (18), 1965, crp. 67-84; B. H.PaGme ms. K nompocy o ne- KemHOM OOpamlenmm ataqwopyccxux. ‘seMem> » XIV—XV wp. Hymuawatmxa m cebpara- ermia, 2, Kew, 1965, orp. 121134; H. A. CoGoxen a. K mpoGreme oGpamenms mpaxk- cxux rpomel B pycexmx semaax B XIV—XV op. BMIY, 2, 1967, orp. 4961; ee me. 0 wexauke Momer Oxbrepnosiyamat » pyccknx sestaax. H9, VIII, 1970, crp. 8187; ee xe. Grosze praskie w Wiolkiem ksiestwie Litewskiem. Wiadomosci ‘numizmatyczne, XIV, 1970, 2, erp. 107117; H. @. Korma p. Kuag moner Bnagmuupa Oxsrepgosmaa. H9, VIII,’ 1970, erp. 88—400. oF 83coOuLiM UpomITs CHET Ha HeAOCTATOYHO MCcHeAORAHAEL ROMPOC TeKAHKH MOET BOAHKUMH ANTOBCKHMH KEAGHAMH If B SHAYNTeALHO! CTeNeHM NOMOAHUTS Hane BHABHA SKOROMIMGeCKO HCTOPUN sTOTO rocyapeTBa. Visnectno versipe Tuna anTosckmx Mower, UpuHafeKamax weKany pert- KUX JuToRcKax KHAse XIV—XYV Bs.: 1) HaKoHeWMK KODA ¢ Kpectrom — Hanuncs «newatb»; 2) HAKOHeTHK KoNbA c KpecTOM — BopoTa («KOmIOMEBI”) ; 3) ncaqumx c Megom — nopota; 4) scaqHmK c Mevom — qpoitHoii Kpecr Ha murte. B fannom caysae peabuper 0 Knajle IHTOBCKMX MoHeT ¢ HaMMUcbIO «ueyaTs», Xpanamemca B Kaynacckom xyfoectsennom my3ce nMenm Uspnéauca. Kpar- Kue cBeyeHHA 06 9TOM Kuage HMeWTCA B ToMOrpadaN JNTOBCKUX cANTKOR 1 Moxer, coctapaennoit T. B. Depopossnt *. Kaay un naiiqen » mpepMectse ropoga Kaynaca — Marsae (p Hactos- mee npema [laxiaii — paiion ropona) » uayase 30-x rogon. B 1938 r. myseii mpmobpez ero y II. Baxemonaca. Kxag coctour 3 aByX cepeOpausix Gpacaeror, HECKOARUX OG1OMKOB cepeOpaHHIX sacTexteK, UATH cepeOpAHLIX cauTKOB (rpusex), verspex moznancnux monet Ilerpa Mymara (1375—1391), 87 am- TOBCKUX MoneT ¢ HaAMMcHIO «eTaTb», HS KOTOPHX B HamMiMH— 85 OKs, H auToscKoro Nomyrpoma 1521 r. Curnamyaga I. Uro Kacaetca nocaeqHelt mone- Tai, To pyxoit II. Kapasux, xpanmrena Kaya, B onnen nepex atoii MoneTOIt n0- crasied aHax Bompoca. Jleiicrsuremsuo, ona we coorBeTcrByer maTepuaay Kuajla 10 BpeMeHH H, 10-BAAUMOMY, cIYWaiiHO OKAgATACh BKTIOVEHHOI B ero cocta. lara aapeirna Kaaga, Kak aBcTByeT m3 JeTalbHOTO mayyeHuA ero KOMIO- HeHTos,— Kouen XIV — nepsoe pecaTaerne XV B. Bpacsierst Marvaiicxoro Knaga — WoIMHAbe MeseBps npeBHepyccKoro nexycerna, Onucatue m TmaTexHsiit anaaua ux mponasex B. Il. Japxesus. I, CepeOpaumit c vepHbw u nosonoTo# mupoxuit 6 pac- ner-napy4 (pwc. 4). Ox cocrout m3 ABYX CHMMeTPHUAEIX NOTyKPyTABIX CTrBOpOK Ha MapHmpax (cHCTeMa HeTeab c MOABMKHBIM cTepatHem BHYTpM). Tamia waxpoit crsopxm 8 cx, mupuna 5 cx, roomana crexox 0,2 cm. Haobpa- Mennsa OOpawiens waknaquoit cepeOpanoit mpososoKoii, o6pasyromeit mory- Kpyrible apoukH — 10 TPH Ha Kako crsopKe. IIpoponoKa pagqenena wac~ THIMM ToMepewHEIM GoposmKaMM, 4TO cosRaeT BAAUMOCTS sepHit. Kpax Gpac- era Ykpallenh GopqopoM M3 BRYKIBIX KpyKKOB (WMATANNA OOHNAH 3 Mapmkon), UOKpLITEIX TONKUMEN zHCTaMM Hos0TOTeHHOTO cepedpa. Payer s10%K- HEIX sepeH Orpanuyenst pySvaToi mposoroKoil. Ha crstkax apoyek cqeraHEt Kpyrasie MetaH, B KoTOpsIe GbITE BETH KosToMAa m3 TaxOt Ke MpoBoMOKH (co- Xpanmiocs WBa KorbNa m3 BocbMua). Komryps huryp B apoukax rpaBuposanBr TBOUNEMT MeNKOsVOUATIME ABAMAMM, YrIyOLeHMA MEATY AMHMAMN gano1- HeHLI vepHEI0, UepHpw orreneHsi m WOUOTHUTeNBABIe Obpamienua duryp. Cusomnoi «xemyiuatiri ox na06paxenuii oSpasopan pesnbimn auraaro- O6passLiMn AMHMAMM, BLINOTHCHHLIMH TeEXHUKOi «epeyBnKuy. IpomeayrKi MexKLY MPOBOAOWUEIMH M YepHEBBIMN apKaMM salITpwxoBaHB KOEI JIH- naa. Opnanent wa oGenx crsopkax Gpacaeta nosropsetcs. B GoKosuie Kaela Bimcansn npodmassse durypst urun, B cpenume Kaeiba — pacrn- TeTbHaR naeTeRKa H3 cepaNeBUAEK cre6aei. [rnp NoKAIANM B OAMBAKOBOI nose: OHM CHART, MOBepHYS TOAOBY Hasay m NOARAB KpHINIEA ¢ TPHANCTHAKAMM Ha KoHmax. Bpacuer ornocutca x rpynue zpesnepycckux mupoKux GpacaeTos raamn- Koro Tama, Burenennoit B, A. PsiGaxoptim®, Hentpos ux nponasogcrsa, Bos MoxHO, Guin Tamms — oma u3 Kpyuueiimmx Topoxos apesneit Pycu. [laa ra- AMNKUX MMpoRUX Gpactetos xapaktepHEI cxezyomme ocobeHoctm: 1 — cxe- MATHYHBII CTHAS OpHaMenTa, HeyMexbIii pucyHoK, 2 — mpeobaananue KoRTyp- * GB. Fedorovas. Lobiy su lietuvos lydiniais ir monetomis topografija, erp. 205, N30; cxp. 118, Ne 29. 5B. A. Par6 ako p. Pemecao npennelt Pycu. M., 1948, erp. 265, 269. Envoit uepau (KoHTYp u JeTamM pucyHKa Hapeyens xHPHOM YepHeROl amANeil) ; 3— aursaroo6pasnbie naceikm na chonoBoit noMmanE, oSpasyiomue ciz0MnyI0 lrpuxonxy; £— Gopmopst 13 Kpy2xXKos (muMTaNHA OONES ma MapnKon), u0- KPBITEI€ TOHKNMH JHeTHEKAMM nosomoeRHoro cepeOpa. [tuner m upesosnquLie oceBbe KOMMOSINUNM — HanO6TeHHEIe OpHaMeHTaDHbIe MOTB SpacneToB Taauykoi rpyntst. OcHosuste oteMeHTEI pacTaTeNbHOTO opHamenta — Tpm- AWCTHEKH m perKe — NasHMeTTH, KOTOPHIMH saKAHYHBalotcH pasyBoeHEBIe 10 ocr cre6am. Crem nepegko mepenmerert. Haxomx mmporux Gpacnetos rasnmKoro Tuna HeMHorouncaenn. 1. Bpacser us Kana cepeOpansix ykpamemuii, naiijennoro s Koune XIX B, yc. Hemnjon (conpem. c. Monorono), negazexo or Hxomaena na [Inectpe (Xogoporcknii p-x J{poroduracxoit 062.) ©. On ocobenno noxoa ua Opacaer us xaaga. Kaaylaa creopka paggestena nposonowHnIMM apouKait Ha Tpul wacTEE (puc 2, 2). Kourypsr pucyxa yepuensie 10 rpasxposke, BoKonsie Kieiima oGeux TOAOBH Hapy¥a aaHATSI CHMMeTpHYHO CHIANG TTMNaMIT Tuna roxySeit (puc. 2, 2). B ommom ua cpeqnmx xaeiim rpasuposan apesosuguntit opuamenr, B Apyrom — dburypa «oxoTumkay B Gonsmoit KoRMYeCKOit ManKe m MOAHORCAH- noM Kadtane 70 Kouen (puc. 2, 3). B pykax oH AepskuT Kobe Ml OXOTHIGBIO ToOH4y» (exeMaTH4HO ua0paKenny! nrmuy?). Kpaa Gpacaera u Tpeyromb- TNKM MesKAY apKaMM Ykpamlent BUMYKUIMN Kpy2Kamn. Ha ersnkax nomyKpy- TOB apKaTYPbI YACTHYHO COXpanMANCh MateHbKMe MeTAN, HO UpoBomOWHE Kompua yrepansi. Jlemugosckuit Kay Obit sapsir we patice Mepnoil noTODNEN XIV B., Tak Kak B ero cocTas Bxogumo 65 yemcKUX MoHeT YeKaHKH Banaaza IT (1278—1305) u Moanna I Jloxcem6yprexoro (1310—1346). 2. Bpacnet 3 oxpectnocreii apesnero Tanuya (c. Baxtopos TaaucKoro p-na Cranmezancxoii o62.) 7. Monpaskatomme apowkam kaeiima (110 Tp Ha Kan oi crsopke) sanarst npodwssEbmu durypKaMa uTM m yalaMm nazeTeHKE, AHAOTNVABIMM PACTHTETbHSIM MOTHBAM Ha Opacnere 113 MawvaiicKoro Knaja. 3. [pa Gpacsera scoctane K1aqa cepeOparuix *eHCKHX ykpaltennii 13 Boii- xemtu (Accu), natigenoro B 1926 r.® Kaatgan crsopka ofHoro m3 6pacaeTos jeamrcn Ha [Ba KBaApATHBIX KueiiMa, OTHeENeHHEIX BHINYKABIM KpyACKasu, Konrypni picynka vepneauie no rpapnponke. B oom KXelime noMemena re- pabAMIeckKH PacHTacTanHaA XUNHAR UTUNA, HoxoMam Ha opna. Ilo croponam ee TOuOBSI BBIpesaHBI MaeHBKMe aBesqouKn, B Apyrom KaeiiMe Baym cTaH- JapTHElit MOTH cTOAMeH B MpoPUAL UTHULI ¢ XBOCTOM HM KPbIILAM B BOLE ypwanctuuxa. [Ia mpyrux Knaypata sanuMaloT OGuUHELe APeBOBNELIe KOMIO- sum. [pm Herorosaenua Broporo Gpacaeta ummpuuoii acero 3 cm ioReaup orkasaacs oT pasfletenna nonepxnoctu wa orgessntie nora. [[exop cocromr 13 TOPUSOHTAIBHO! TeoMerpuyecKol MeTeHKU W BEWOIerocA crebxA ¢ naabMeT- kama p S-pnqesrx sapurkax. Ha ocrosannm Komnaexca yxpamenuit JI. Teonopy camtaer, 970 K2aq ua Boiinemrm 6311 sakonan no BpeMa tatapeKoro Hamect- sua 1241 r. Aro yreepxfenme He BMONHe TOKasaTeTLHO, TAK KaK HeKOTOPHE mms yKpamennii, waliqennsix B KoMMeKce Kaa, Mpoyousarm GuiroBath B XIE[ — nepsoit nonosnue XIV s., 410 npusnaer mw cam asrop. AccKuii Topr, rae Obit Haiiqen Kaax, YHOMANYT B cHMcKe pyccKNX ToposoR Ha TeppHTopmIt Mongopst toapyo B Konme XIV s.° Cymecrsonanne wa atom Mecte ropoza HOMOHTONSCKOTO BPEMeHM OKA He MOATBEpAeHO U apxeororMyecKH. ‘Tupoxne Gpacaerst raaanxoit rpymmsi osm faTupyior nepRoit nomOBM- noit XIII B., Ho He MeKsFONeHO, YTO HX MPoOWKaTM MarOTOBIATS HBO BTOpoit nomosnne ctonerns. B Kaage ua Jlemujona mupoxuii Gpacaer conposoaiyann M. Ppymencsxmiz, Monoroscsxe cpio. Sanucxm Hayxosoro Towapacrsa ms. Mensenka, XXV, Jeon, 1898. . 70. Parnas. [pesssopycsxi_apxeonorivni maM’aTKs na TepuTopii aaxignux o6na- creit YPCP. Kurin, 1957, erp. 44, ra6a. XI, 28; fl. Wactepaax, Crapmit Tams. Kpaxis — Tspip, 1944, ra6a. XV, 2. “7. Teozopy. Panneheorarsamit xnax yxpamennit, naiiaenauit p Boimemra (Accxt). Dacia, V. Buearest, 1961, erp. 507—510, pyc. 4, 5; M. M. Popescu. Podoabe medievale in Tarile Romane. Bucuresti, 1970, No. 77, 78, puc. 38—40. + J. Teonopy. ¥x. coa., cmp. 519. 85Mowers nepnoit noxopmast XIV »., nemenoit Koummexc us Boiwemra sxaowax noamume TanM yKpamenmi, Cranqaprasanua uCXeMaTBsaUA opHaMeHTasthHO- ro yOpancrsa rammnkux Hapyveil, BOSMOMHO, OOLACHACTCA He CTOMbKO TOKATL- HEME ocoSeHHocTaMH, CKOABKO UX Gomee NosaHeit narmposkoit. JleatemsHocrs peMecHeHHEIX MaCTepPCKUX FaJMNKO-BOABHCKEX TOpOHOB Moraa OpITb ocTaTOy- HO UHTeHCHBHOM m Mocue 1240 r., Tak Kax Joro-sanafHaa Pycs nonara nox naacrs Sonotoit Opyst HecKonbKo HosHee, YeM ceBepo-BocToTHaR. YuayoK pe- Mecza, BepoaTHo, HacTynum He cpasy. ToxsKo B KoHMe 50-x rogos XIII x. He- sasucnMocrs Canmmxo-BoascKoi Pycu Gua auKeuquposana. OSoponmrerb- HBIe coopy;KeHua ee RaKHeiimmx ropofos brim yawuToxenbt. Mocae cmeprit Puc, 3, Buroit Gpacner us Manvaitcxoro xxaqa xasaa J[ammmaa Pomanosuya (1264) Tanumxo-Bommmexaa Pycb yrpatana Boe NOAUTHIECKOe eAUECTS Il. CepeOpaunik puto Gpacaetc necomMKHYTHME pac- MUpeHHNMH KoRMaMN (pute. 3). Bpacter usrorossen mytem cllom- Horo uepeneTeHMA YeTLIPex NPOBOAOWLIX *KTYTOB, KAKU m3 KOTOPEIX cue ‘Tex U3 ABYX UpoBoNOK. MurKoBEe KONNBI Opaciera oOpasonabAl Tpeyron ELM naiactimasm. OnM ykpamenst paaMM 1S KPyMEBIX WapuKos sepHH, a 10 KpaaM — ToHKoit Kpyyeroi mponomoyKo#. TaM, re sakanwmBaeTca naeTeHHe M HawUMaeTCA NaaCTHHKa, HOMeI{eHHI KpyrIble BBICTYNEI U3 HanaAHEBIX APY Ha Apyra mapuxos sepun. Or aamka, cMBIKaBMero KOKI Opacaera, coxpaHn- Tach oywa eng, YrpaveH um MeranuMuecKMit crepKeHL neTaRnaBNiniics Beran. Bocemp cepe6pausix Gpacnerop toro 2e THMa HalijeHB B cocrane Kuaga 15 Boimemrm (flccet) °. Antop ny6xmxansm ornocuT ux K YKpatenmas rOxKHO- nynaiickoro (nuzanrmiicKoro) mpomcxomjenus, AnaiorimmMe oKaeMILinpht oonapyaema » Mongose (Onexemm-Xymm), » Tpancuassannn (AMuam) mB Banare. Ha ocnosanam rarapcknx Monet Kaaq us Onemenm jaTmpyerca Kon- nom XIII s. Cxoanste 6pacserst naienst Take » Bearpun, 8 woxnom Kpsmey uw K wry of flynaa » Bonrapnu Tepmannu u Cansenn). Bonrapcxne oxsemia- pst fatapyiores XIII — XIV pa." B JIursy, nox Kaysac, Gpacuers moran monacrs Henocpencrseuno c Bo- aur (cHavaaa 10 mpanst upuzoxam Ipmnarm, satem 10 Heexsae m nesomy mpntoxy Hemana Sexsnanke). Uepes Tammxo-Bomuucxy Pych mex Bast- rmitcxo-Yepromopermit peanoit nyrs (JIxectp — Can — Bucaa nam [necrp — Ceper— Sanagnui Byr—Brena). Mo mpuroxy Sanagnoro Byra — Hape- BY — MomHO Gsiz0 MponMKnyTE B Gaccetin Hemana. ° Tl. Teomopy. Yx. cow, crp. 504—507, pac. 2 m3. ‘1M. M. Popescu. x. cox, No. 85, pic. 35 86Puc. 2. CepeGpanstit a: 3 o6uumit us Jemmozcxoro Kaaza 2—aeraaw20 1 a @® 90.2 29: 2¢@ ef 26 2e@ 6®@ @2@ 20: -6@-29 17 6 Puc. 7. Mowers a3 [lanvaitckoro xmagaDd 2 25 ® & JO o & JF Y & 4 o@ @® a3 zy o@ @@ 28 29 o& @®@ JF a4 oe @@ 38 ag ®B @ Te od BB a7 » & 2 aD @ J7 26 a 56 Puc, 8, Monerm us Ilansaiicxoro naga@ 3 4S B © 50 Ww € oF & @ 50 b ® ay Db 4 Wy 54 eu ® IF D 2 43 bb 9 WW 55 e @ 58 y S W oe is 47 52 ey 57 TF 54 i ” 5G Puc. 9. Mouersr ua Wanvaiicxoro raanaMoagasckie mMoHersr, 10 Bceii BepoaTHocTa, npoHMKan B JIuTsy axazoray- HEIM MyTeM. OHM He ABIAIOTCH PEAKOCTHIO B JMTORCKMX KTaRaX, XOTA, MpaBAa, MpitcyrcrByHT B HeGoABMNUX KosNYecTBAX. Uerupe Movers! us Manvaitexoro Kilagla npwwasaemar K uMcTy ManectHBX monet Tetpa Mymara !. JImenan cropona. B roveanom ofonKe ronona Owka, MemKAY poramn KoTOporo— anesma. C oanoit cropouM ronons — poserka (noaMoxen’ napualiz), ¢ Apyroit—wony- Mecal. Jlerenna +SIM'? PQTRI ¢y WOIWO. Osopornas cropoua, TepSonttit mut, pasqeremmtit nponomsNo Ha Ine YactH: cupaBa “Tp UPAMOYTOMBEBIe GANTKH, CHeBa THMUM, AMIN Take c Tpex cropon Mara. Jereaga +SI1 MOLDAVINSIS. Camreu, naiizermue 3 nage, [. B. Megopos orsocnt x amtoscxmm '4 (pnc. 4, 5). Onna ma caurkos — ‘neaan rpusa, a vertipe — 1/2 rpusasi. Boe cAMTKu UMeIor Tpexrpauny dopmy, ropOaty1o cMMEKy, MOBepxHOCTS ux TopH- eras. Bee m paamep cautKon caenyiomuii: 189,5 2, nama 10,72 cx; 95,43 2, ganna 6,5 cm; 94,91 2, numa 6,4 cm; 93,2 2, qamna6,4cx; 91,03 2, qamma 6,6 cx Tlogo6uste camrku B HYMMaMaTH4ecKoi auTepatype Kiaccuunupylotca Kak nosropogckue. H. Baysp aarapyer nx XIV — nayanom XV z. 8 HanGonsmmnit untepec aia Hac MpeycTaBasIOT MOHCTHI c HaANMCBIO «eHaTh , 1 Mpere wcero HOTOMY, To BUepAbIE HaiieNH B cTOAb KOMMAKTHOI Mace. Ha ogHoit cropone mouer us0paxen HaKOHeSHMK Kons, K KOTOPOMY UPHMBI- Kaer Kpecr. Muoroo6paane napuanros Kpecros Ha Monerax Mlanaaiicxoro Kaa- Ha MOATBEpAaeT, TO ¢ HaKOHeTHHKOM KonbA coceyeTByeT Kpect, a He mea '® MIM AuCTOK pactenus'’, Kak npegnonarain HeKoTopbre uccnegonatenu. [[py- Tas CTopoHa MOHeT HOTHOCTHIO 3aHATa pyccKUM crOBOM anevaTs». ByKpBr Ha- IWICH pactouorKens B_Kpyr, Kak NpMBuAO, NO Yaconoii crpeaKe. TorbKo Ha OT- HCAbEBIX 9K3CMUNAPAX HANNMCh YNTAeTCA B OOpaTHy cTOpoHy. Xapaxtep pacuionoweaua Kpecta 10 OTHOMeHMIO K KONBIO Mae BosMOR- Hocth Bech MOHeTHBIK MaTepua KJaqa pasfenuTs Ha Ae rpynust !*, Oum He OAMHAKORI NO WHCTY MOHeT: MepRad Tpynwa BKMOVaeT MOHETEI, THe KpecT pacnosoxKeH cnpasa oT Konbs,—78 9Ka.; Bropad —MoHeTH Cc KpecTost cexena — 10 oka, Heanaumrenbroe nasenenne ma06paxenma He nieer 3a coGoit KaKMX-1H60 CYMecTBeHHLIX HaMeHeHMM Bua m He MenmeT OGmero Xapaktepa NaHHoro Monersoro tina, He BLishiBaer coMHeHIM, YO YeKAHKa MOHeT Mpona- BORUTACh B ORHOM UenTpe. B peayabtate mTemneabHoro pas6opa BiiaBmeno 37 Bapuanton MoueT ¢ Haq- mmcbi0 «nesarb», M, Tysoscromy Gsit0 asecTHO TOIbKO WATS pasHOBUAHO- creit!®, A. Manuny 2° — uernpe. Muoroo6pasne mremnexeii, Kasaoce Get, OHO cBMAeTeMECTBORATS O Goabmom Ko.WecTBe BLINYULCHHLIX MOET aHHoro THNA WO ATHTeTbHOM 06- palljesun noctegumx. Ho neMmorowncnenHocT, WX HaXOQOK, a TakKe OTCyT- CTBMe B MSBECTHLIX HaM Knaax COBMeCTHO ¢ APYTHM THUMM TNTOBCKHX MO- Her jlelaeT aTo MpemonoKeHMe MailOBePOATHBIM. Momo jonyctiirs, ¥70 B mponanogeTBe mTemneaeit yracrBonax0 oAnoBpe- MeHHO sHauMTesbHoe KormyecTBO Mactepos. OfHaKo, Bo-NepBEIX, B JImToncKoat RETHKOM KUsZKeCTRe YKasaHHOTO BPeMeHH B CRAY HepocTaTowHO pasBuToit 2D. A, Sturdza, Ubersicht der Miinzen u. Medaillon des Fiirstenthums Roma- nien. NZ IV. Wien, 1875. Ni 7, crp. 55; E. Fischer. Beitrag zur Miinzkunde des Fiir- stenthums Moldau. Czernowitz, 1901, 10, bap. 13 SIM, SI — coxpamenne cona SIGNUM (snax, nevars). GB. Fedorovas. Yx. cow, orp. 205. 1s N. Bauer. Die Silber- und Goldbarren des russischen Mittelalters. NZ, 62 (Wien), 1929, erp. 68, taGa. 6, Nb 139, ie]. Tyszkiewicz, Skorowidz monet litewskich. Warszawa, 1875, crp. 28. 1A. K Karpxo p. Monernoe pexo 5 JIutse. é[pesnocta, II, M., 1870, orp. 95. 18 Cy. mpmaoxenme: taGamuxt paaGopa MoneT Kaa 10 mTeMme-TAM. © M. Gumowski. Y«. cow, erp. 42. A.A. Waren. Yx. co, orp. 15. 87SKOHOMITKN BPAX A MOTO BOBHMKEYTS HaCTOMLKO KpyMHoe mMpomsponeTAo, ‘robs! B Hem pa6oraso Ra jlecATKA MacTepoR-pesTMKOR, RO-BTOPBIX, HeCMOTpA Ha Kamyueect paanooGpasue mremueseii, OnM Ovens OaMKM nO TexEMKe ugrorontenust. OcobenHo cxoncTko IposbaKerca B UZ0OpaxKeHNM KOMbA C KPC- crom, 7. e. B plicyHke amyenoii cropoust. Boaee pasHooopasHa TpaktosKa nat- nite enevats». Bpsx am mtemmectt odoporuoil cropoust pe3at oftH We-toReK. Kak noxaaat getaabuniii anata cooTHomenns oceii -mmenoit 1 o6opoTHoit Pac. 5, Monosuua cuarxa us Mlanuaiicxoro Kaana CTOpoH, UpM WeKAHKe UCCHEAYeMBIX MOHeT HCTONb3OBAACH He COUPAKEHEEIC miremmenu. ro aHayHT, 4TO WTeMMeTS AMMeHO:K cTopoMs — HMKHM — OBIT 3a- Kpelien HeNOABINKHO, a BepxHnii MTeMne, HakajEBasIcA Ha MOHETHYW 3a- TOTOBKY 10 HeMy Mponssonusica ynap. Yaapurs wo BepxHemy mremmemio Mor au He ofMH pas. Ito xopomo samerHo Ha Monerax Ns 21—29, rpe caono qneyatb» orTHcHyTo npaxKgsI. Bepxunii mremmem usnammpanca Guicrpee, mo- aTOMY eCTecTBeHHO, TO WTeMMexei OGOpoTHOi cTOpoRM Goxbme (nepaas rpynna — 20 mremueneit amenoi cropoust, 27 — o6opornoii: sropas rpyu- na—T7 uremmeneit aumenoit cropossi, 9 —o6opornoit). Hmxamii mremnens cyuyecrnonax He HanHoro yoasme. Ho-suumomy, mresmean Osun HE3aKOTO. KavectBa, OHM HeAO/IrO HaXOANANce B paGoTe, paspymlaincs, ux HeoSxoMIMO OnI10 YacTO MeHAT. Camyto Goxsmy10 rpynuy Monet Ianuaiicxoro Kaaga (22 oxs.), oOsenn- HeHEMIX OOMMUM MTeMMeaeM Mm quMeROi m OOopoTHOi cropoH, cocraBlAIOT 8 49—70. Ha orux Mowerax cuono «neuars» mpakTHuecKn He YHTaeTCA: OO COCTONT M3 YeTHIpeX GyKe, pactiorowenHHIX B Bue Kpecta. Ilo Kpaiinei mepe 00 O_HOM 113 pesTHKOB MOxKHO CKagaTb, 4TO OH OBIT WAM HerpaMoren, nm He alas pyccKoro saBnKa. 88