Eremina Gusevskaya 1

Министерство науки и
высшего образования
Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное
образовательное учреждение высшего образования
«Забайкальский государственный университет»
В. М. Еремина
Н. Ю. Гусевская
ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE STUDENTS
Учебное пособие
Чита
Забайкальский государственный университет
2019
УДК 811.111(075)
ББК 81.432.1я73
ББК Ш143.21я73
Е 702
Рекомендовано к изданию учебно-методическим советом

Забайкальского государственного университета
Рецензенты
Н. Н. Кошкарова, д-р филол. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры
международных отношений, политологии и регионоведения,
Южно-Уральский государственный университет, г. Челябинск
О. Ю. Левченко, д-р пед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры гуманитарных
дисциплин, Забайкальский институт предпринимательства СибУПК,
г. Чита
Еремина, Виктория Михайловна

English for Science Students = [Английский язык для
Е 702 студентов естественно-научных специальностей] : учеб. пособие /
В. М. Еремина, Н. Ю. Гусевская ; Забайкал. гос. ун-т. – Чита :
ЗабГУ, 2019. – 151 с.
ISBN 978-5-9293-2357-7
Цель учебного пособия – повышение общего уровня
практического владения английским языком, формирование лексических
и грамматических навыков, развитие умений говорения, чтения,
аудирования и письма, обогащение терминологического словарного
запаса студентов.
Учебное издание “English for Science Students” предназначено для
студентов бакалавриата, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки
44.03.05 Педагогическое образование с двумя профилями подготовки
(«Математика и информатика», «Информатика и физика»), 44.03.01
Педагогическое образование («Математическое образование»,
«Информатика и информационные технологии в образовании»), 01.03.02
Прикладная математика и информатика («Исследование операций
и системный анализ»).
УДК 811.111(075)
ББК 81.432.1я73
ББК Ш143.21я73
ISBN 978-5-9293-2357-7 © Забайкальский государственный

университет, 2019
Оглавление
Введение . ....................................................................................... 5
Unit 1. Getting to know you .................................................... 8
Unit 2. The way they study .................................................... 44
Unit 3. Inventions, discoveries
and technologies changing our lives ......................... 71
Unit 4. Click and talk! . ........................................................ 109
Заключение ............................................................................... 149
Библиографический список . ................................................. 150
3
4
Введение
Учебное пособие “English for Science Students” является

переизданием одноимённого пособия.
Пособие нацелено на развитие иноязычной коммуника-
тивной компетенции и совершенствование у учащихся прак-
тических умений и навыков во всех основных видах рече-
вой деятельности: чтении, говорении, аудировании, письме
в сфере профессионального и повседневного общения.
Издание ставит своей целью научить студентов быстро
извлекать информацию при чтении, излагать содержание
прочитанной информации по-английски просто и понятно,
делать сообщения и обсуждать темы, связанные с будущей
профессией студентов, используя самые употребительные
языковые средства, основной словарный фонд английского
языка и базовую терминологию.
Работа имеет чёткую структуру, состоит из 4 уроков
(Units). Разнообразный, интересный и информативный тек-
стовой материал, связанный общей тематикой и представ-
ленный в логической последовательности, способствует
закреплению у студентов знаний и расширяет их кругозор.
При отборе текстов учитывалась их информативность, по-
знавательная ценность и актуальность тематики.
В плане языковой организации тексты выдержаны в сти-
ле достаточно простого, стилистически нейтрального изло-
жения средней степени сложности. Запоминание и усвоение
таких образцов речи учит студентов выражать свои мысли
на английском языке максимально просто и чётко, что и яв-
ляется, в конечном счёте, целью обучения иностранным язы-
кам для профессионального и повседневного общения.
Различные тренировочные грамматические, лексиче-
ские, переводческие и коммуникативные упражнения и за-
дания, включённые в каждый раздел, обеспечивают вместе
активную деятельность в области речевой практики. Особое
5
внимание уделяется таким видам работ, как извлечение ин-
формации из прочитанного, доклад, сообщение, реферирова-
ние. Наличие нескольких текстов в каждом уроке позволяет
обучать навыкам разноцелевого чтения в сочетании с други-
ми видами речевой деятельности: говорением, пониманием
на слух, письмом. Учебное пособие можно использовать на
занятиях с обучающимися, имеющими различный уровень
знаний английского языка и в комплексе с другими учебны-
ми пособиями.
Каждый урок (Unit) включает следующие блоки, на-
правленные на развитие основных навыков речевой деятель-
ности или контроль усвоения языкового материала:
− “Reading and Discussion” направлен на развитие на-
выков понимания при чтении (извлечения информации)
и включает в себя базовые и дополнительные тексты. Со-
держание текстов раскрывает основные аспекты темы, заяв-
ленной в названии урока. В языковом плане тексты средней
степени сложности доступны и удобны для запоминания
и воспроизведения. Тексты данного блока можно исполь-
зовать для разноцелевого чтения, а также как ориентир для
самостоятельного поиска студентами материалов по теме
урока в интернете и других источниках.
− “Talking about you” и “Everyday English” развива-
ют навыки устной речи (монологической и диалогической).
Здесь представлены речевые образцы в виде диалогов эти-
кетного характера, сформулированы темы для организации
обсуждения в классе, иногда в виде ролевой игры, содержат-
ся задания, направленные на поиск дополнительной инфор-
мации, подготовку устных сообщений и т. п.
− “Listening” предлагает задания на развитие навыков
аудированияю.
− “Writing” предлагает упражнения, нацеленные на раз-
витие и совершенствование навыков письменной речи, кото-
6
рые включают себя написание сочинений по предложенным
темам, электронных сообщений, писем личного и делового
характера, резюме для трудоустройства и др.
− “Grammar” обращает внимание на грамматические
явления, подлежащие активному усвоению, так как они ста-
новятся основной грамматической базой для чтения текстов
по специальности и общения на изучаемом языке.
Особенностью данного учебного издания является то,
что каждый последующий раздел построен на материале
предыдущих, и поэтому требуется строгая последователь-
ность в изучении и усвоении материала.
7
Unit 1. Getting to know you
1.1 Read the sentences in column A and find the opposites

of the verbs in column B.
A B
1. The whole family is present. a. We were free last weekend.
2. She is well today. b. They’re very bad at physics.
3. I was busy last Sunday. c. She is ill.
4. My friend is always late for d. John is absent from school.
classes.
5. Ann is happy today. e. I guess you’re wrong.
6. I think you are right. f. He is always in time for
lectures.
7. Her sister is married. g. My little brother is awake.
8. I’ll be asleep tomorrow h. His brother is single.
morning.
9. Mike was always very good i. She is very sad today.
at mathematics.
1.2 Fill in the gaps with one of the words above.

1. I’m so ___to help you. 2. If we don’t hurry up, we won’t
be ___ to catch the train. 3. I’m surprised she’s ___for classes
today. 4. I’m ___, but I’d like to get married some day. 5. My
sister is ___ to a really nice man. 6. That clock is ___ – it’s 12.30
not 12.15. 7. The students are ___ with their homework. 8. I was
___ and unhappy after my examination. 9. You were ___ about
Pete – he’s a real troublemaker. 10. He is seriously ___in hospital.
11. I’m surprised to see you awake – ten minutes ago you were
___. 12. I was never very ___ at English.
1.3 Read and translate the sentences with have.

1. Is that your camera? Can I have a look? 2. Goodbye!
Have a good journey! 3. Do you have a moment (=have some
time)? 4. What time does she usually have lunch? 5. We always
have a good time in our English lessons (=we enjoy them).
8
6. I have three sisters. Do you have any brothers and sisters?
7. She has a lot of new friends in London. 8. He has a bad
cold. 9. David! Can I have a word with you for a moment?
10. I always have a quick shower when I get up. 11. I always
have a sleep after lunch. 12. Could I have the bill, please?
13. I don’t have a laptop at the moment. 14. He has a terrible
headache. 15. I have a funny dream every night. 16. She has
a problem with this exercise. 17. Let’s have a rest before we
go on. 18. I always have a party for my birthday. 19. I’d like to
have a cup of coffee. 20. My brother doesn’t have a good job
at the moment. 21. Our school doesn’t have a swimming pool.
22. What time do they usually have breakfast?
1.4 Where are these people from? Match the pictures

with the texts.
1. My name is Elena Petrova and I’m a teacher. I’m 26. I’m
married and I’ve got one child. I live in Tomsk. I want to learn
English for my job.
She is from ___.
2. His name is Kurt and he is a student. He lives with
his parents in Hamburg. He is 18. He’s not married. He’s got
a brother and two sisters. He likes to learn English because it’s
an international language.
He is from _______.
3. Pierre and Marie are married. They are 35. They live in
Paris. Marie is a doctor. Her husband is a bank manager. They
have two children, Charlotte and Valerie. Their daughters study
English at school.
They are from ______.
A B C
9
1.5 The letters in the following words are mixed up. What
are these words? Write them in the alphabetic order.
1. nivuseryti 2. cufalty 3. detntus 4. amxe 5. chloso 6. rsecou
7. slasc 8. turelec 9. cationdue 10. cheater
1.6 Match a verb in A with a noun in B.

A B
1. attend a. homework
2. enter b. from college
3. do c. lectures
4. graduate d. a seminar
5. miss e. the University
6. take f. maths
7. prepare g. exams
8. pass h. a degree
9. get i. for classes
1.7 Match the words with their Russian equivalents.

1. freshman 2. faculty 3. tutorial 4. lecture 5. course
6. sophomore 7. exam 8. class 9. major 10. subject
1. лекция 2. урок (занятие) 3. факультет 4. профили-
рующая дисциплина 5. экзамен 6. студент первого курса
7. студент-второкурсник 8. консультация 9. курс обучения
10. предмет.
1.8 Fill in the gaps with one of the words above. __

1. A student in the first year of college or university is a ___.
2. What is your ___, English or French? 3. I’m a student of Law
___. 4. He is a ___ at Harvard. 5. How many students take the
geography ___ this term? 6. My favourite ___ at school were
history and biology. 7. In ___ the students discuss their work with
a teacher. 8. My last ___ ends at 4 o’clock. 9. We attend a ___ on
Russian art. 10. I’d like to do a writing____ this semester.
10
1.9 Put the words in the box in the correct columns below.
England, London, Moscow, maths, Jane, English, doctor, teacher, Russian,
psychology, lawyer, Susan, Wales, museum, theatre, Scotland, art gallery,
Cardiff, Ireland, music, engineer, John, the Smoke, Caroline, the Independent,
concert hall.
Places Academic
Countries Cities Names Jobs Newspapers
to visit subjects
……….. ……. …… … …………… ………… …………..
Reading and discussion

2.1 Read the international words and guess their
meanings.
Student, university, international, company, doctor,
mathematics, physics, professor, department, academic, design,
informatics, social, coffee, class, lecture, seminar, cafeteria,
politics, film, music, sports, technology, museum, gallery,
concert, theatre, excursion, historical, cultural.
2.2 Practise in reading and give Russian equivalents of

the following words.
London [΄lAndqn], Wales [weIlz], Scotland [΄skOtlqnd],
Ireland [΄aIqlqnd], law [lO:], lawyer [΄lO:jq], company
[΄kAmpqnI], mathematics [mxTI΄mxtIks], physics [΄fIzIks],
daughter [΄dO:tq], public [‘pʌblɪk], media [΄mJdjq], design
[dI΄zaIn], science [΄saIqns], humanities [hjH’mxnItIz], foreign
[΄fOrIn], language [΄lxNgwIG], elementary [elI΄mentqrI], course
[kO:s], include [In΄klHd], abroad [q΄brO:d], shower [΄Sauq],
toast [toust], combine [kqm΄baIn], tutorial [tjH΄tO:rIql], lecturer
[΄lektSqrq], independently [IndI΄pendqntlI], walk [wO:k],
break [breIk], indoors [΄In΄dO:z], library [΄laIbrqrI], technology
[tek΄nOlqGI], relax [rI΄lxks], specialize [΄speSqlaIz], discipline
[΄dIsIplIn], graduation [grxdju΄eISqn].
11
2.3 Read and translate the text.
Happy to be a student
Hello. My name is Ann Brooker. I’m
eighteen. I’m from London. I live in
a house in the West End of London with
my mother, father, and my younger
brother John. My parents are in their late
forties. My father works as a lawyer for
an international company. My mother is
a doctor. They like their jobs very much.
John is fourteen, he goes to school. He is good at mathematics
and physics.
My older sister Caroline is a teacher. She is married to an
American. Her husband David is a music professor. Caroline is
fond of music too. They have a five-year-old daughter. Her name
is Susan.
I’m a student at the University of Westminster. It is one of
the largest public universities in London, England. There are
more than 23,800 students from 132 countries at my university.
There are 6 faculties and 3 schools within the University of
Westminster: Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Law,
School of Media, Arts and Design, School of Informatics, etc.
Many Westminster students study part-time and in the evening.
There are a lot of people from all over the world specializing in
different academic disciplines.
I’m a full-time student at the Faculty of Social Sciences and
Humanities. I’m in the first year of linguistics and languages
course. I’m interested in modern foreign languages, including
Russian and French. This semester I study English, history,
elementary Russian, literature, psychology, and other subjects.
My course takes four years including a full academic year abroad.
12
I study five days a week, Monday till Friday. I usually get
up at 6.30, have a shower and then have coffee and toast for
breakfast. It takes me half an hour to walk to the university.
Sometimes I go by bus. I’m never late for classes. They start at
eight in the morning and go on until three in the afternoon. Every
day I attend four or five classes. Our classes combine lectures
with seminars or tutorials where we interact with our lecturers in
small groups. I enjoy my university classes and never miss them.
The University of Westminster is a typically British university
where students work much independently.
I have lunch in the university cafeteria with my friends.
I like to go for short walks during the breaks because I have to
spend much time indoors.
There are four campuses at Westminster. Each campus
contains a set of buildings and has its own library. I like to do my
homework and prepare for classes in one of the libraries. I can
also read my favourite university newspaper The Smoke there.
I’m interested in current news, politics, films, music, arts and
culture, sports, science and technology.
I am usually very tired after classes. I spend my evenings
at home with my family and do my homework. After dinner, we
sometimes watch talk shows, news programmes or films.
I’m fond of sports. On Monday and Thursday evenings,
I go to the swimming pool with my boyfriend Alex. He is in
the second year at Harrow School of Computer Science, one of
the departments of the University of Westminster. I have a lot of
friends and we usually spend our free time together. We often go
to the cinema. On Friday evening, I just relax and stay at home.
At weekends, I visit my sister’s family. We have a good rest
together. We enjoy the historical and cultural places of England’s
capital: museums, galleries, concert halls, and the theatres.
Sometimes we go on weekend excursions out of the country to
Wales, Scotland, or Ireland with the whole family.
13
I’m proud and happy of being a student at the University
of Westminster. I study very hard and want to pass exams in the
end of this term. I like my university and I want to get a good job
after graduation.
2.4 Look through the text and find English equivalents

for the following Russian phrases.
Работать юристом; работа; быть способным; учиться
в школе; быть замужем; любить музыку; факультет; обу-
чаться на заочной основе; обучаться на очной основе; учеб-
ная дисциплина; учиться на первом курсе; интересоваться
чем-л.; пить кофе; ездить на автобусе; посещать занятия;
опаздывать на занятия; лекция; семинар; консультация
(встреча с руководителем); пропускать занятия; общаться
с преподавателем; самостоятельно; обедать; ходить на про-
гулку; проводить время; университетский городок; выпол-
нять домашнее задание; готовиться к занятиям; последние
новости; наука и технологии; быть уставшим; учиться на
втором курсе; оставаться дома; ходить в кино; исторические
и культурные достопримечательности; ездить на экскурсию;
гордиться чем-л.; учиться усердно; сдать экзамены; семестр;
окончание университета.
2.5 Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false

sentences.
1. Ann Brooker is seventeen. 2. She is from Wales. 3. Her
parents are in their late fifties. 4. Her brother John is good at
mathematics. 5. Her sister Caroline is fond of art. 6. Caroline
is single. 7. Ann is married to an American. 8. Ann is a student
at the University of Westminster. 9. She studies part-time and
in the evening. 10. Ann is a student at the Faculty of Social
Sciences and Humanities. 11. She specializes in computers.
12. Her course takes five years. 13. It takes her half an hour to walk
14
to the university. 14. Every day she attends four or five classes.
15. At the University of Westminster, British students work much
independently. 16. Ann spends much time outdoors. 17. She is
interested in current news, politics, films, music, arts and culture,
sports, science and technology. 18. On Friday evening, she goes
shopping. 19. At weekends, Ann Brooker visits historical and
cultural places of London. 20. At the University of Westminster,
students from all over the world specialize in different academic
disciplines. 21. Ann is proud of being a student. 22. Ann doesn’t
study hard.
2.6 Complete the following sentences.

1. Ann Brooker is ___ years old. 2. She is from ___. 3. Ann
is a ___ student. 4. Her parents like ___. 5. She has a sister and
a ___. 6. She is the ___ child in her family. 7. She’s a student at
___. 8. The University of Westminster is in ___. 9. There are ___
students at the University of Westminster. 10. She is a student of
the Faculty of ___. 11. Ann is interested in ___. 12. Ann studies
___ days a week. 13. In the morning she ___. 14. She is never
___. 15. Her classes start ___. 16. Her classes combine ___.
17. At the University of Westminster, British students___.
18. Her course requires a year ___. 19. She has ___at the
university cafeteria. 20. She likes to do her ___in the library.
21. The university newspaper is called ___. 22. After classes Ann
___. 23. On Monday and Thursday evenings she goes to ___.
24. Alex is a ___ 25. Ann likes ___. 26. At weekends Ann Brooker
___. 27. Ann is proud of ___. 28. She wants to ___.
2.7 Answer the following questions about the text.

1. How old is Ann Brooker? 2. Where is she from? 3. What
are her parents? 4. Does she have a sister and a brother? 5. What
are they? 6. Where does Ann study? 7. Is she a part-time student?
8. What course does she take? 9. Where is her university?
15
10. Does she usually get up very early? 11. What does she have
for breakfast? 12. How does she go to the university? 13. How
many classes does she have every day? 14. How long does her
course last? 15. Is she interested in maths and physics? 16. What
can you say about her classes? 17. How do students work and
study in a typically British university? 18. Where does Ann
have lunch? 19. What does Ann like to do in the library? 20. Is
Ann tired after classes? 21. What does she do in the evenings?
22. What is her boyfriend? 23. How does Ann Brooker spend her
weekends?
2.8 Complete the chart about Ann’s life and studies.

University
Residence
Interests
Subjects
Friends
Family
School
Free
Age
Name and
time
hobbies
Ann
…… ……. ……… …… ……. … ……… ……. …
Brooker
2.9 Read and translate the text. Do the assignments that

follow.
Patrick’s university course

Patrick Binchey is from Ireland. He
is nineteen. He studies abroad. Patrick is
a freshman at Seton Hall University, NJ,
USA. There are many schools and
departments at the university. Patrick is
in the first year of computer science
course. It is his first semester at Seton
Hall University.
Fall semester at the university
begins in the end of August. Patrick attends his courses three
16
times a week for 50 minutes. His core curriculum includes
some areas of study: English, mathematics, physics, natural and
social sciences, and fine arts. As most entering students Patrick
takes five classes this semester: English (first-year writing
course), Introduction to Computer Science, General Chemistry,
Mathematics (Calculus), and Music History as an elective class.
Patrick is very busy every day. His classes begin at 8 a.m.
and go on until 3 p.m. He gets up at 6.30, has a shower and
then has breakfast at the university cafeteria on campus. He
attends lectures, seminars and has classes in the computer lab.
He is interested in programming languages. Patrick wants to be
a successful student right from the start and never misses his
classes. Twice a week Patrick meets his mentor and discusses
progress in his classes.
As many international students, Patrick lives in one of the
residence halls on campus. There are a lot of students from all
over the world specializing in different academic subjects. His
roommate Kurt is from Hamburg, Germany. He is a sophomore
at College of Engineering. He majors in physics. Kurt wants to
go into business in Germany. This semester he takes English,
Computer Science, Calculus, Statistics, Physics for Scientists,
and History. Patrick and Kurt are very friendly. They like to speak
about their students’ life and classes. Kurt likes to practise his
English with Patrick, he wants to speak it fluently. Kurt is fond of
sports, he often goes to gym to play table tennis and volleyball.
He is a very sociable person.
There are many student organizations at Seton Hall
University. Patrick wants to find club or organization that matches
his interests. He is interested in music; he likes to play the guitar.
Patrick has no much time to waste. He wants to pass midterm
exams in October and final exams in December and enjoy his
Christmas break at home.
17
2.10 Match the wordswith their Russian equivalents.
1. to study abroad 2. freshman 3. school 4. computer science
5. fall semester 6. core curriculum 7. area of study 8. calculus
9. elective 10. to have breakfast 11. to be interested in 12. campus
13. successful 14. to miss classes 15. mentor 16. international
student 17. roommate 18. sophomore 19. to major in 20. to speak
English fluently 21. sociable 22. to waste time 23. midterm exams
24. to pass final exams 25. Christmas break. 26. residence hall.
1. говорить по-английски бегло 2. математический ана-
лиз 3. рождественские каникулы 4. интересоваться чем-л.
5. осенний семестр 6. сосед по комнате 7. преуспевающий
8. руководитель 9. студент-второкурсник 10. общительный
11. сдать экзамены в конце семестра 12. экзамены в середине
семестра 13. студенческий городок 14. иностранный студент
15. специализироваться по какому-л. предмету 16. терять
время даром 17. пропускать занятия 18. учиться за грани-
цей 19. студент-первокурсник 20. факультет 21. дисциплины
обязательные для изучения 22. завтракать 23. компьютерные
науки 24. факультативный 25. сфера изучения 26. общежи-
тие.
2.11 Agree or disagree with the following.

1. Patrick Binchey is from Germany. 2. Patrick is a freshman
at one of the American universities. 3. He majors in computer
science. 4. Patrick has classes three times a week for 50 minutes.
5. English is not in his core curriculum. 6. Patrick takes English,
General Chemistry, Mathematics this term. 7. He is interested
in modern literature. 8. He lives on campus. 9. Patrick wastes
much time and misses his classes. 10. His roommate Kurt is
from Berlin, Germany. 11. Kurt takes Statistics this semester.
12. Kurt is fond of programming languages. 13. Patrick is
interested in music. 14. Patrick wants to enjoy his Christmas
break in the USA.
18
2.12 Answer the questions.
1. Where is Patrick Binchey from? 2. How old is he? 3. Is
he an international student? 4. What does he major in? 5. Where
does he live in America? 6. What does he study this semester?
7. What are Patrick’s hobbies and interests? 8. What can you
say about his working day? 9. What does his roommate study?
10. Are Patrick and Kurt friendly? 11. What club does Patrick
want to find? 12. Where does he want to spend his Christmas
break?
Talking about you
3.1 Answer the questions about you. Ask your partner
the same questions.
1. What is your name (first name, surname)? 2. Do you have
a sister/brother? 3. What do your parents do? 4. What is your
nationality? 5. Where are you from? 6. What is your address?
7. What is your phone number? 8. How old are you? 9. Are you
married? 10. What are you (what do you do)? 11. Where do
you study? 12. Do you study maths, physics, computers at the
university? 13. What time do you get up? 14. What time do your
lessons begin? 15. Do you have lunchtime? 16. When do you
get home? 17. What is your favourite subject? 18. Will you be
a teacher? 19. Are you very busy every day? 20. Where do you
live? 21. Do you have any friends? 22. What are they? 23. What
are you interested in? 24. What are you fond of? 25. How do
you spend your free time? 26. What do you do at the weekends?
27. Do you like your student life?
3.2 Look at Exercise 2.8 and complete a similar chart

about you.
3.3 Complete information about your friend.
Name ______________________________________
Country ____________________________________
19
Town ______________________________________
Family ______________________________________
Place of work (study) ___________________________
Interests and hobbies ___________________________
Languages ___________________________________
Free time ____________________________________
3.4 Read the questionnaire and answer the questions.

Find people with the same answers as yours.
1. What's your favourite food?
2. What's your favourite drink?
3. What's your favourite colour?
4. What are your favourite clothes?
5. What are your favourite shoes?
6. Who's your favourite singer or band?
7. What are your favourite things to do at weekends?
8. Who's your favourite person?
9. Where's your favourite place?
10.Who's your favourite film star or actor?
3.5 In pairs or small groups speak on the following topics.

1. My first-year studies.
2. My friend’s university course.
Everyday English
4.1 Read and practise the conversations with your
partner. Act them to the class.
1. Ted: Hello, Mike.
Mike: Hello. How are you?
Ted: I’m fine. And how are you?
Mike: I’m fine, too.
Ted: It’s a nice day today, isn’t it?
Mike: Yes, it is.
20
2. John: Hello, Miss Brown.
Miss Brown: Hello, John.
John: Miss Brown, this is Nick Jones. He’s our new student.
Nick: How do you do, Miss Brown.
Miss Brown: How do you do, Nick. I’m glad to meet you.
Nick: I’m glad to meet you, too.
Miss Brown: Well, it’s time for class now.
3. Ben: Hello, Ted. This is Dan Smith.

Ted: Hello. Glad to meet you.
Dan: It’s nice to meet you, too.
4. Peter: Hi, Dave.

Dave: Hi, Peter. This is Tom, my roommate.
Peter: Hi, Tom. How are you doing?
Tom: Fine, Peter. How are you?
Peter: Not bad, thanks. Nice meeting you.
Tom: Pleased to meet you too.
4.2 Match a sentence in A with a reply sentence in B.

A B
1. I’m hungry. A. Why don’t you hurry?
2. I’m thirsty. B. Would you like a sandwich?
3. I’m tired. C. Why don’t you go to bed?
4. I’m bored. D. Have a drink.
5. I’m unhappy. E. Turn on the fan.
6. I’m late. F. There’s a good film on TV.
7. I’m sick and tired of winter! G. Don’t worry! It’ll be spring
soon.
8. I’m hot. H. Why don’t you call your
parents?
9. I’m homesick. I. Can I do anything to help?
21
4.3 What do you say in the following situations?
(Someone is thirsty) Why don’t you have …..?
(Someone is going away) Bye! Have a …..!
(Someone sneezes and has a red nose) Oh! Do you
have a ….?
(Someone has a new camera) Is that new? Can I have …..?
4.4 Read and translate the conversations. Make similar

conversations with your partner.
1. Teacher: Who’s absent today?
Mike: Peter and Jane are. They are ill.
Teacher: And what about Ann? Is she ill too?
Mike: I don’t think so. I think she’s late.
2. – It's a nice day today, isn’t it?
– The weather is nice indeed.
– What’s the temperature today?
– It's 20 degrees above zero.
3. – What’s the weather like today?
– As far as I know, it will be rainy and windy.
– It’s a pity! I don’t want to go out in such a weather.
4.5 Complete the conversation. Practise it with your

partner.
– Hello. My _____is Lisa. What’s ______ name?
– My name _____ Mike.
– ________ are you from, Mike?
– ________ from Boston. Where ______ you from?
– _______ _______ Boston, too!
4.6 Read and practise the conversations with your

partner. Make similar conversations.
1. Ben: Bye, Dave. 2. Dave: 3. – Bye, Dad. 4.– Have a nice
Dave: So long, Ben. Goodbye, Jerry. I’m off to college evening!
Ben: Have a nice Jerry: Bye. Have now. – Thanks. And
weekend. a nice weekend. – Bye. Have the same to
Dave: Thanks.You Dave: Thank a nice day. you. See you
too. you. See you on tomorrow.
Monday.
22
4.7 Write the conversations in the correct order. Practise
the conversations with other students using your names.
1. – I’m fine, thank you. And you?

– I’m OK, thanks.
– Hello, Lisa. It’s Mike.
– Mike! How are you?
– Hello, Lisa Jefferson.
2.– Hello, Ann! How are you?

– Fine, thanks! See you at 7.00 in the café?
– OK, thanks, Nick. And you?
– Thanks, and you too. Bye, Ann!
– Bye, Nick.
– Yes, see you later, Nick. Have a nice day.
3. – Not bad, thanks. And you?

– Very well, thanks. How are the children?
– Hi, Caroline! It’s me, David. How are you?
– They are fine.
4. – Alex.
– I’m from Boston, too!
– Where are you from, Alex?
– Hello. My name’s Emma. What’s your name?
– I’m from Boston. Where are you from?
5.– Thank you. See you on Monday.

– Goodbye, Nancy.
– See you.
– Bye, Simon. Have a nice weekend in London.
23
Writing
5.1 This is an Application for Enrollment for an English
school. Complete this form with the information about
yourself. Compare your application with a groupmate’s.
Application for Enrollment: School of English
School Registration Information:

first name:______________ family name: _____________
date of birth: ____________ gender: male female
street address: ___________________________________
city: ___________________________________________
postcode: _________________ country: ______________
telephone: _______________ E-mail address: ___________
course chosen:___________________________________
Homestay Application Information:

Do you smoke? yes no
Do you prefer a home with pets? yes no dont care

with children? yes no dont care
Please indicate your favourite activities:

 swimming
 tennis
 basketball
 volleyball
24
 computers
 cycling
 socce computer games
 musical instruments
 hiking
 jogging
 skateboarding
 camping
 cooking
 shopping
 photography
 other
5.2 Read an informal letter from Becky to her penfriend

Tiago. Pay attention to the rules of writing informal letters.
20 Holland Street,
Brighton BN2 2WB
5 April
Dear Tiago,
Thank you for your address in Brazil! My name’s Becky
and I’m nineteen years old. I’m a language student at Brighton
University, I live in a house near the centre of Brighton with my
mother and father, my brother James, and my Polish friend Danka.
I speak French, Spanish and a little German, but I don’t
speak Portuguese. Sorry! My favourite subject at university is
Spanish, but I don’t like German. I like listening to music and
swimming. At weekends I go out with my friends. Sometimes we
go to the cinema and sometimes we go to a cafe or a nightclub.
What about you? What do you do in Brazil? Please
write to me.
Best wishes,
Becky
25
5.3 Read the letter again and answer the questions.
How does it begin and end? What is the date? What is
Becky’s address? What is the postcode? Do you write addresses
in the same way?
5.4 Danka is a student at an English language school in

Brighton, England. Read her email to Jacek, her brother in
Poland.
From: Danka@brighton.ac.uk
To: Jacek.2006@star.com
Date: 12th July
Subject: Hi
Dear Jacek,
How are you? I’m fine. Here’s an email in English. It’s good
practice for you and me!
I have classes in English at The Embassy Language School.
I’m in a class with seven students. They’re all from different
countries: Japan, Brazil, Switzerland, Germany, and Italy. Our
teacher’s name’s Simon. He’s very funny and a very good teacher.
I live with an English family in a small, old house near the
centre of town. Robert and Valerie have a daughter and a son. Their
daughter, Becky, is 19. She’s a student at Brighton University.
Their son, James, is a software designer for a computer company.
He’s 25. They’re all very friendly, but it isn’t easy to understand
them. They speak very fast!
Brighton isn’t very big, but it’s very exciting! The restaurants
and nightclubs are expensive, but the student bars and cafes are
cheap. It’s hot now, and it’s lovely to be near the sea. I’m very
happy here.
Email me soon!
Love, Danka
26
5.5 Write an email to your friend and tell him about your
favourite university class.
Grammar
6.1 Fill in the gaps with I, you, he, she, it, we, they.
1. Are ___ a student? – Yes, ___am.
2. Is Nick from Cardiff? – No, ___ is not.
3. Mary is bad at maths. ____ is not interested in ___.
4. Ted and Ann play volleyball every day. ______ are fond
of ______.
5. Are ___ Americans? – No, ____ are from Canada.
6. Is Betty a student at Brighton University? – Yes, ___ is.
6.2 Fill in the gaps with my, your, his, her, its, our, their.
1. Hello, ___ name is Doris.
2. I am Ted. What is ______name? – I am David.
3. This is Linda. ______ boyfriend is George Poor.
4. David is from London. ___ phone number is 987-65-43.
5. This is Mary’s boyfriend. ___name is Tom.
6. My friends are football fans. _____ favourite team is
Arsenal.
6.3 Match the columns.

1. Who is it? a) No, I am not. I am
Spanish.
2. What are you? b) Yes. I am.
3. Are you Russian? c) It’s Nick.
4. Are you a full-time student? d) I am from Spain.
5. Where are you from? e) No, he isn’t. He is bad
at it.
6. Is he good at math? f) I am an actor.
27
6.4 Write true answers.
1. Are you English? 2. Are you a student? 3. Is your friend
married? 4. Is it Monday today? 5. 5. Is English difficult? 6. Are
you twenty-one years old? 7. Are you at university? 8. Are your
parents at home?
6.5 Choose the correct question word.

Which whose who why where when what how
1.______ old are you? 2. ______are you late? 3. ______
time is it? 4. ______do you study? 5. ______books are these? 6.
______do you live with? 7. _____ is yours – this one or that one?
8. ______do you take exams?
6.6 Fill in the gaps with is, are.

Paul Dalen ___ a maths student. He ___ twenty three. His
address ____ 41 King Street, London. His friends ____ students
too. Their names _____ Mark and Jane. Mark ___ twenty two.
Jane ____ twenty four.
6.7 Write questions for these answers.

1. What_________? – Paul Dalen’s a maths student.
2. How_________? – He’s twenty three.
3. What_________? – His address is 41 King Street, London.
4. What _________? – His friends are students too.
5. What_________? – Their names are Mark and Jane.
6. How _________? – Mark’s twenty two. Jane’s twenty
four.
6.8 Fill in the gaps with to be in the Present Simple. Make

5 general and 5 special questions to the text.
My name ______ Amanda Foster. I ___ 18. My birthday
_____ on the second of January. I ______ from Santa Monica,
California, USA. I _____ American. My phone number ______
28
125-456-789. I live at 18 Park Street. My zip code ______
LA 30 SM. I have a sister and a brother. Their names ___ ______
Tina and Paul. Tina _____ 15 years old and Paul ____ only three.
My Mum _____ a doctor. She works at a hospital. My Dad ____
a driver. He works in Los Angeles. We _____ all friendly in our
family.
6.9 Read the text. Fill in the gaps with at, in, with, of.
Hi, I am Alex. I am British. I am from London. It is a big
city. I am a physicist. I am interested ___ physics but I am not
interested ___ politics. I am good ___ sports. I like Susan. She is
nice and kind. Susan is a student. She is fond ___ art and music.
She is usually very busy ___her schoolwork. She is clever.
6.10 Correct the sentences below making them negative.

Write true answers from ex. 6.9.
1. He is Allen. 2. He is Canadian. 3. He is a student. 4. He
is interested in politics. 5. Susan is a secretary. 6. She is fond of
sports.
6.11 Make the questions to these answers.

1. She’s from France. 2. They are at college. 3. He is fond
of computer games. 4. Susan is good at music. 5. He was born in
1988. 6. We are fond of sports. 7. He’s interested in politics. 8.
They are first year students.

1. What day is it today? 2. What day will it be tomorrow?
3. What day was it yesterday? 4. What days are “the weekend”?
5. What century is it now? 6. What month is it now? 7. What
day will it be the day after tomorrow? 8. What day was it the
day before yesterday? 9. On what days are your English classes?
10. When is Christmas Day? 11. When is Valentine’s Day?
12. What are the dates of public holidays in your country?
29
6.13 Translate into English.
1. Меня зовут Андрей. Я – студент. Я интересуюсь поли-
тикой и увлекаюсь спортом. Мне очень нравится Лена. Она
милая и добрая. 2. Ира из Москвы. Она – журналист. Она
увлекается искусством. 3. Мой брат – студент. Я не уверен,
что он хороший студент. Он часто отсутствует на занятиях.
Вчера он опоздал на лекции. Будет ли он хорошим специа-
листом?
6.14 Possessive ’s or is? Write P if’s = Possession. Write

is if ’s = is.
1. John’s car is new. 2. It’s a Mercedes. 3. Jane’s a manager.
4. Jane’s husband is thirty-five. 5. Tom’s in Canada at the moment.
6. Tom’s office is in Bristol. 7. My friend’s English is very good.
8. Peter’s a teacher. 9. Peter’s school is in the town centre.
10. It’s cold today.
6.15 Look at the picture of Suzie’s bedroom. Are the

sentences true or false ?
1. There’s a chair in front of the
desk.
2. There are some flowers in the
bedroom
3. There’s a mirror on the wall
next to the window.
4. There aren’t any plants.
5. There are some magazines
under the table. 6. There’s a lamp next
to the bed.
7. There’s a plant next to the door. 8. There’s a photo on
the table, in front of the flowers. 9. There’s a bag on the chair.
10. There are some pictures on the wall.
30
6.16 Look at the picture again. Complete the conversation.
1. A. Is there a computer? 4. A. ___________ any books?
B. Yes, ________________. B. Yes, ________________.
A. Where _____________ ? A. Where _____________ ?
B. It’s ___the desk . B. They’re ___ the desk
____he computer.
2. A. Is there a rug? 5. A. ___________ flowers?
B. Yes, ________________. B. Yes, _________________.
A. Where _____________ ? They’re __ the table.
B. It’s ________ the bed. 6. A. ___________ magazines?
3. A. Are there any pictures? B. Yes, ________________.
B. Yes, ________________. They’re __ the table.
A. Where ______________?
B. They’re _____________.
6.17 Look at the picture again. Complete the conversation.

1. A. Is there a computer? 3. A. Are there any pictures?
B. Yes, ________________. B. Yes, ________________.
A. Where ______________? A. Where ______________ ?
B. It’s ___the desk . B. They’re _____________.
2. A. Is there a rug? 4. A. ___________ any books?
B. Yes, ________________. B. Yes, ________________.
A. Where ______________? A. Where ______________?
B. It’s ____ the bed. B. They’re ___ the desk ___
the computer.
6.18 Choose the correct word.

1. There are four seasons in a (month / week / year).
2. There are 30 minutes in (a quarter / half an hour).
3. There are 7 days in a (week / month / year).
4. There are 60 seconds in a (hour / minute / half an hour).
5. There are 52 weeks in a (century / year / month).
31
6.19 Complete the sentences.
1. There are 3,600 seconds in _______________________.
2. There are 1,200 months in ________________________.
3. There are 168 hours in ___________________________.
4. There are 8,760 hours in __________________________.

1. How many days are there 6. Are there many museums in
in January? your city?
2. How many minutes are 7. Will there be a new
there in an hour? computer lab in a year?
3. How many rooms are there 8. How many universities are
in your flat? there in Chita?
4. How many students are 9. Is there a cinema near your
there in your group? house?
5. What is there on your 10. Are there any parks in
desk? your town?

1. What nationality are you? a. In a big company in
2. Where do you live in Norwich
England? b. I’m a manager.
3. Where do you work? c. I’m British.
4. What do you do? d. I live in a place called
5. Are you married? Norwich.
6. Do you have any e. Yes, we have two boys.
children? f. One’s seven and the other
7. How old are they? is nine.
g. Yes, I am.
32
6.22 Complete the conversation. Put does, is or has into
the gaps.
A. My sister _________ very clever.
B. What _________ she do?
A. She _________ a teacher in a primary school.
B. Where _________ she live?
A. She _________ a lovely house in the country.
B. _________ she married?
A. Yes. Her husband’s name _________ Ray.
B. _________ she have any children?
A. Yes. A girl is called Mary. She_________ eight years old.
She _________ a lot of friends.
6.23 Complete the sentences with correct form of have.

1. Excuse me! _________you _________the time, please?
2. Peter, can you help me? I _______ a problem, and I don’t
know what to do.
3. A. Would you like tea or coffee?
B. I would like to ___ a cup of tea please.
4. A. Can you lend me two euros?
B. Sorry. I can’t. I_________ any money at all.
5. We _________ a party this Saturday. Would you like to
come?
6. David! Can I _______a word with you for a moment?
6.24 Answer the questions about you.

1. Do you have any brothers or 6. Do you have a lot of clothes?
sisters? 7. What time do you have
2. What do you have for lunch? English lessons?
3. Do you always have a party 8. Do you have to go to lessons
on your birthday? every day?
4. Do you have a mobile phone? 9. Do you have a good friend
5. Do you have a lot of money? in England?
33
6.25 Ask your partner about the things, using have.
1. a computer 5. a mobile phone
2. a pen 6. a bicycle
3. a camera 7. any pets
4. a credit card 8. a car

1. Я учусь на первом курсе. Каждый день у нас бывают
лекции. Семинары и практические занятия мы посещаем по
вторникам и пятницам.
2. Ник и Джейн отдыхают в Испании каждое лето. Они
обычно хорошо проводят время.
3. Мои друзья никогда не завтракают. Они обедают
в 12.00.
4. Когда у Тома день рождения? – В эту среду.
5. У нас сегодня праздник! Ты придёшь? – К сожалению,
я не смогу прийти. У меня много работы и совсем нет сво-
бодного времени.
6.27 Write positive or negative short answers (Yes, he

does/ No, I don’t, etc.).
1. Do you study art? 2. Do you miss lectures? 3. Do you
combine your studies with work? 4. Do you pay for tuition?
5. Do you spend a lot of time on sports? 6. Do you live on campus?
7. Do you smoke? 8. Do you drink a lot of coffee? 9. Does your
friend speak English? 10. Do you play a musical instrument?
11. Does it rain a lot where you live?
6.28 You are asking somebody questions. Write questions

with Do/Does.
1. I work hard at my English. And you?
2. I study maths. And you?
3. I study maths. And your friend?
34
4. I do sports every day. And you?
5. I know the answer. And he?
6. I like hot weather. And you?
7. I smoke. And your father?
8. I speak English. And your friends?
9. I want to be a scientist. And you?
10. I come from Russia. And you?
6.29 Write questions for these answers.

1. I study at London University. (where/you?)
2. I attend our university lab every day. (how often/you?)
3. I have lunch at home. (where/you?)
4. I get up at 7.30. (what time/you?)
5. I go to the cinema a lot. (how often/you?)
6. I go to the university by bus. (how/you?)
6.30 Complete the text with the verbs.

have lunch; have a shower; go; have tea; start work; go
home; get dressed; have dinner; watch television; get up; read
a book; go to bed; leave
1. David ____ at seven o’clock. 2. He _____. 3. Then he
_____. 4. He _____ tea and toast for breakfast. 5. He ____ his
flat at half past eight. 6. He _____ to work by bus. 7. He works
in a bookshop. He ____ work at nine. 8. At one o’clock he ____
lunch in a small café. 9. He leaves work at half past five and ____
home. 10. First he ____ dinner. 11. Then he ___ TV. 12. He ___
to bed at eleven o’clock and ___ a book.
6.31 Put the words in the correct order to make questions.

1. what / up / get / he / time / does?
2. for / does / have / breakfast / he / what / ?
3. to / how / he / work / does / go /?
4. lunch / where / have / does / he/?
35
5. he / does / what / evenings / do / the / in /?
6. bed / does / to / when / he / go /?
6.32 Complete the text with the verbs.

Be; get up; start; not eat; not finish; have; go; love; eat;
live; not like; visit; study; finish; stay; work; fly; want
Erica Jeal ___ a scientist. She ___ in a flat in Oxford and
she ___ biology at the university. Every day she ___ at 6.30 and
___three cups of coffee. She ___ anything for breakfast. She ___
work at her laboratory at 7.00, and she ___ until lunchtime. Then
she ___ for a short walk in the park. She usually ___ work at
6.00 but sometimes she ___ until 10.00. In the evening, she often
___ in a restaurant, because she ___ cooking. Every winter she
and her husband ___ to America, where they ___ an American
laboratory. They ___ in a friends’ house for two weeks. They
never ___ to go back to Oxford, because they ___ the weather!
6.33 Look at the list. Write about computers. What can

they do? What can’t they do?
1. count 7. see
2. translate 8. check spellings
3. speak English 9. make music
4. play chess 10. have conversations
5. do crosswords 11. write books
6. hear 12. think
6.34 Complete the questions with can and a suitable verb.

Then match each question with an answer.
ride use cook speak drive play (x 2)
a._____ you _____ the piano?
b._____you ____any foreign languages?
c._____ you _____the guitar?
d._____ you _____ a motorbike?
e._____you _____ Chinese food?
36
f._____ you _____a word processor?
g._____you _____ a car ?
1. Yes, I can. French and Spanish.
2. No, I can’t, but I can type.
3. No, I can’t. I like cars.
4. Yes, I can. I have a Fiat Punto.
5. No, I can’t, but I can play the piano.
6. Yes, I can. I like playing Mozart.
7. No, I can’t, but I love eating it.
6.35 Complete the sentences with some or any

1. I don’t have ______ money in my pocket, but I have
______ money in the bank.
2. Are there _____ letters for me this morning?
3. I want ______ books from the library.
4. You have _____ lovely pictures in your house.
5. Are you Canadian? I have _____ good friends in Canada.
6. Do you have ______brothers or sisters?
7. There aren’t ______shops on our campus, just a cafe.
8. Is there _____ pen on the table?
9. _____ people like flying, but other people don’t.
10. Would you like to listen to ______ music? I have
a new CD.
6.36 Complete the questions with How much ... ? or How

many ... ? Answer the questions.
1. ______ homework do you get?
2. ______ English books do you have?
3. ______does a cup of coffee cost?
4. ______languages do you speak?
5. ______people are there in your class?
6. ______photos do you have in your phone?
7. ______coffee do you drink a day?
37
6.37 Put much or many before the nouns.
1.______ students
2. ______ exams
3. ______ coffee
4. ______ libraries
5. ______ love
6. ______ food
7. ______ rooms
8. ______ tea
9. ______ computers
10. ______ juice
6.38 Put little or few before the nouns.

1. ______work
2. ______ jobs
3. ______ computers
4. ______ milk
5. ______ motorbikes
6. ______ money
7. ______ notebooks
8. ______ chocolate
9. ______ ideas
10. ______ colleges
6.39 Write comparative and superlative forms of the

adjectives.
Comparative Superlative
1. old
2. young
3. intelligent
4. happy
5. interesting
38
6. new
7. difficult
8. fast
9. popular
10. good
6.40 Write the words in brackets in the correct form of

the degrees of comparison.
1. We use this method of research because it is the _____
(interesting). 2. I could solve ____ (quick) than he because the
equation given to me was ____ (easy) then the one he was given.
3. The remainder in this operation of division is (great) than 1.
4. The name of Leibnitz is ____ (familiar) to us as that of Newton.
5. Mathematics is the _____ (difficult) subject this semester.
6. You can reduce calculations to the ___ (simple) form.
6.41 Complete the questions with the superlative form of

the adjective. Answer them.
1. What is ______ (long) river in the world?
2. What is ______ (big) city in your country?
3. What is ______ (high) mountain in the world?
4. What is ______ (popular) sport in your country?
5. Where is ______ (old) university in Europe?
6. Who is ______ (young) person in your family?
7. Who is ______ (intelligent) student in your class?

A B
1. 567 a. Eleven million
2. 9th b. One seventh
3. 1987 c. Point thirty-six
4. 11,000,000 d. The ninth
5. 0.36 e. Five hundred and sixty-seven
39
6. October 14 f. Double eight six three oh one
7. 1/7 g. The twelfth of October
8. 2.18 h. Eighteen oh five
9. 88-63-01 i. Two point eighteen
10. 1805 j. Nineteen eighty-seven
6.43 Say the dates in two ways:

3/4/1992 – the third of April, nineteen ninety two or
3 April 1992 – April the third, nineteen ninety two
1. 1 April 4. 19 November 7. 29/2/76

2. 2 March 5. 23 June 8. 31/5/ 2005
3. 17 September 6. 15/7/67 9. 15/10/2006

1. What’s the date today? 4. What century is it now?
2. When does this term end? 5. When were you born?
3. When is Christmas Day? 6. When’s your birthday?
6.45 Notice how the following numbers are said in

English.
28 % twenty eight per cent
10.4 ten point four
1½ one and a half
1¼ one and a quarter
1¾ one and three quarters
1.25 one point two five
1.75 one point seven five
4/5 four fifths
4² four squared
7³ seven cubed
84 eight to the power of four
0.7 nought point seven
40
6.02 six point oh two
32° C thirty-two degrees centigrade/Celsius
– 10° ten degrees below zero / minus ten degrees
6.46 Practise saying the following numbers. Write your

answer after each one.
1) 395 ___ 2) 3½ ____ 3) 2,467 ___ 4) 3,000,000 ___
5) 470,000 6) 0.25 7) 10.04 8) 87% 9) 10 September 10) in 1903
11) –5°C 6) 56
6.47 Write answers to these problems.

1. 23 and 36 is ………………………
2. 24 times 8 is ……………………...
3. 80 minus 45 is ……………………
4. 65 divided by 13 is ……………….
5. Add 10 and 6, multiply by 8, then subtract 40 and divide
by 11. What have you got left?
6. Divide 33 by 11, multiply by 7, add 10, and subtract 16.
What number is left?
6.48 Complete the time expression with at, on, in, or no

preposition.
1. ______six o’clock 7.______1989
2. ______ last night 8. ______the weekend
3. ______the evening 9. ______January 18
4. ______Saturday 10.______Monday morning
5. ______April 11.______yesterday evening
6. ______summer 12.______two weeks ago
6.49 Fill in the gaps with in or on.

1. Her birthday’s ____ Tuesday. 2. It was ____ spring.
3. The exam will be _____ May. 4. The party was _____
41
Thursday. 5. I like the holidays ____ summer. 6. My birthday
is ____September. 7. Christmas is celebrated ___ December 25.
8. My friend was born ___ 2001. 9. I’m going to visit my parents
___ the evening.
6.50 Fill in the gaps with to, by, in, at.

1. My name’s Kevin Tandey and I live _____Manchester.
2. I’m a student _____Manchester College of Art. 3. I’m staying
_____a hostel some miles from the centre of town. 4. I usually
go _____college______ bus, but sometimes I go ______ car. It
takes about half an hour. 5. ______ the weekend I usually stay
______my room and work. 6. I like talking ______the other
students, and we sometimes go ______ a disco or a pub, but
usually I stay______ home and study. 7. I like my work, it’s
interesting.
6.51 Put a preposition into each gap.

at in about after for with by to on
1. James lives ___ a small flat ___ Cambridge. 2. He
lives _____ two other boys who are students ___ Cambridge
University. 3. They work hard during the week, but _____ the
weekends they invite a lot of friends to their house. 4. They cook
a meal ___ their friends, and then they go out ___ the pub, or they
stay ___ home and listen to music. James has two jobs. 5. ___
Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays he works _____a hospital.
6. He goes to the hospital ___ bus. 7. He starts ___ ten o’clock
and works until quarter _____ five. 8. On Thursdays and Fridays,
he works _____home. 9. He has a laptop _____ his bedroom and
he writes stories. 10. _____the evening one of the boys cooks
a meal. 11. ___ dinner they play computer games and talk ___
their day. They usually go ___ bed at about midnight.
42
Моего друга зовут Алекс. Ему 20 лет и он учится в уни-
верситете. У Алекса большая семья: родители, 2 брата и се-
стра. Алекс самый младший в семье. Алекс не живет с роди-
телями. Он живет в студенческом общежитии.
Алексу нравится учеба в университете. Он хорошо раз-
бирается в математике, компьютерном программировании
и языках.
Алекс посещает университет в понедельник, вторник,
среду, четверг и пятницу. Обычно он встает в 6.30, завтракает
и пешком отправляется на учебу. Алекс никогда не опазды-
вает. Занятия начинаются в 8.00. Обычно у него 2–3 лекции
и семинары. Алекс готовится к занятиям в компьютерной
лаборатории или библиотеке. В нашем университете много
современных компьютерных лабораторий и 2 библиотеки.
Вечером Алекс работает в кафе. Он не любит эту работу.
Она трудная и не интересная.
Алекс проводит выходные со своими друзьями. Они ув-
лекаются спортом. В свободное время они играют в футбол,
смотрят футбольные матчи по телевизору и обсуждают их.
43
Unit 2. The way they study
1.1 Here are some university subjects but the letters are
mixed up. What are the subjects?
1. tahms 2. chipsys 3. irthosy 4. rat 5. mainfortion notechgylo
6. ngelhsi 7. simcu 8. gareabl 9. ryemegot 10. colyspgohy 11. awl
12. sopyhiolph 13. gylosocio 14. minocseco
1.2 Some of the subjects from the exercise above are arts
(гуманитарные науки) and some are sciences (естественные
науки). Write the subjects into the following columns.
arts sciences
e.g. art physics
1.3 Fill in the gaps with the words from the box.
art physics maths physical education (PE) history biology geography
1. The study of motion, mechanics and energy is part of ____.
2. The natural world and the study of life and plant forms is called
___. 3. The subject which includes equations, fractions, addition
and subtraction is ___. 4. The subject which covers drawing,
painting, and sculpture is called ___. 5. The study of land forms
and population growths are included in ___. 6. Running, playing
tennis, and other sports are part of ____. 7. The subject of what
has happened to the cultures and countries of the world is ___.
1.4 What do the following university subjects study?

Match A and B.
A B
1. mathematics (maths) a. animals
2. physics b. gymnastics
3. history c. 25y + 32x = 51z
4. geography d. e = mc2
5. physical education e. H2 O
44
6. English f. the countries of the world
7. chemistry g. the 15th century
8. biology h. programming languages
9. information technology i. spelling
1.5 Read these sentences spoken by university students.

What is each person studying?
1. We have to know everything about high-level programming
languages. 2. I’m concentrating on square roots. 3. I’ve been
reading many books on the solar system. 4. We’ve spent a lot
of time on studying sound, heat, light, and electricity. 5. We’re
going to concentrate on Freud and Jung this term. 6. We attend
all lectures about animals and plants. 7. It’s very difficult to talk
about moral conflicts.
1.6 Read the sentences in column A and find their

opposites in column B.
A B
1. I passed my exam. a. I live at home with my
parents.
2. I did very well. b. I skip all lectures.
3. I got a very high mark. c. I didn’t get a very good
grade.
4. I study full-time. d. I’m hopeless at maths.
5. I got a good grade. e. My tuition is free of charge.
6. I’m good at English. f. I did very badly.
7. I attend all lectures. g. I got a very low mark.
8. I live in a hall of residence. h. I study on a part-time basis.
9. I pay for my tuition. i. I failed my exam.
45
1.7 Match the words in column A with their definitions
in column B.
A B
1. tuition fees a. building for university
students to live
2. alumni b. former students of a college
or university
3. loan c. write words quickly to help
you remember smth.
4. pay for d. enter
5. go to e. money that a student pays
to a university for his/her
teaching
6. hall of residence f. money you borrow from
a bank
7. vacations g. cover the cost of
8. take notes h. somebody who teaches and
looks after a student or a small
group of students.
9. lecturer i. period of rest from classes
10. tutor j. a person who gives lectures,
especially as an occupation
at a university or college of
higher education
1.8 Fill in the gaps with one of the words or word

combinations from Ex. 1.7. Translate the sentences.
1. A ___ gives a lecture on chemistry and the students
___. 2. He is a course ___ in psychology at the University of
Southampton. 3. The University’s ___ work in many countries of
the world. 4. During his summer ___, he visited Russia. 5. There
are 33,682 students living in ___. 6. It is possible to receive a full
grant and maximum ___. 7. When I was in high school, I wanted
46
to ___ the university. 8. In the USA, students have to ___ tuition,
room and board. 9. ___ in England’s universities could be cut to
£6,500.
1.9 Translate the sentences into Russian.

Example: He is thought to be a good student. – Считают,
что он хороший студент.
They are likely to study English. – Вероятно, они изучают
английский.
1. They are thought to be lazy. 2. He is said to be a good
specialist. 3. She was known to get a grant. 4. He is expected
to come. 5. They are likely to graduate from the university
this term. 6. The students are thought to work at this problem.
7. My friend is likely to be familiar with the results of this
research. 8. She is considered to be a full-time student.
1.10 Form nouns from the following verbs.

Motivate, combine, educate, develop, press, consider,
indicate, graduate, represent, organize, celebrate, recreate,
decide, govern.
1.11 Form adjectives from the following nouns.

Comfort, music, politics, culture, Britain, academy,
residence, religion.
1.12 Form adverbs from the following adjectives.

Financial, obvious, academic, high, social, musical, cultural,
usual, hard, comfortable.
2.1 Read the international words and guess their
meanings.
Student, university, college, combine, situation, transport,
special, financial, result, interest, residence, comfortable,
47
distance, social, service, club, organization, cultural, political,
religious, musical, football, parade, lecture.

the following words.
Image, highly, to borrow, to earn, tuition, board, to
finance, financial, loan, scholarship, to charge, debt, result,
private, residence, pressure, undoubtedly, expensive, support,
cheap, advantage, disadvantage, distance, campus, apartment,
however, research, moreover, to graduate, recreational, facilities,
numerous, to represent, to participate, society, highlight, charity,
cultural, alumni, decision, degree.
Student life
The popular image of student life is of young people enjoying
themselves and doing very little work. This is not often true. Not
all students study full-time at university or college. Many people
study on a part-time basis, i.e. they combine their studies with
work and look after a family. These students are highly motivated
and work very hard.
Younger students are often thought to be lazy and careless
about money but this situation is changing. Every year, it costs
British students more and more to attend university. In 2006,
the UK government started to allow universities in England and
Wales to charge British students tuition fees. As a result, more
than 80% of students in England and Wales now take out a student
loan in order to go to university. Students borrow money from
the bank which must be paid back after they graduate from the
university. They use the loan to pay for tuition fees, books, living
expenses, food, and transport. They also need money to live away
from home while they are studying. Some British students have
48
to work during the holidays to earn more money, but it is now
difficult to find such jobs. Some British students are graduating
with larger and larger debts.
Studying in the USA is expensive with price differences
between state (government) and private education. Students who
study in the state they live in can get cheaper tuition fees. In the
USA, students have to pay for tuition, room and board. That’s
why American universities give special financial aid package
to help students finance their education. Financial aid includes
loans, grants, scholarships, and work-study programs. Many
students take part-time jobs during the term and work full-time
in the vacations.
Most students in Britain go
to university away from their
home town. University is seen
as a time to be independent,
to live away from home
and develop new interests.
They usually live in a hall of
residence for their first year,
and then move into a rented room in a private house or share
a house with other students. However, as financial pressures on
students increase, many are now considering living at home.
Staying at home with parents is undoubtedly cheaper and more
comfortable. Academically, living at home is a huge advantage.
The disadvantage is obviously in the social life.
In the US too, many students attend colleges some distance
from their home town. They may live on campus in one of the
dorms (residence halls), or off campus in apartments and houses
which they share with housemates. Why do many American
students live in residence halls? Research indicates that students
who live on campus get better grades and are more likely to
graduate than students who live off campus. Moreover, dorms
49
are only minutes from classrooms, bookstores, libraries, food
services, and recreational facilities. Residence hall students don’t
have to cook or clean dirty dishes. Among the advantages of
living on campus are numerous opportunities to meet new people
and new friends. Students who live in residence halls participate
in more campus activities.
In Britain, the interests of students are represented by
a range of societies, clubs and social activities including sports,
drama, and politics. One of the highlights of the year is rag week,
a week of parties and fund-raising activities in support of various
charities.
US students also spend a lot of time on social activities. Each
American university has several clubs and student organizations
including cultural, political, religious, musical, and social ones.
One of the most important celebrations in American universities
is homecoming. Many alumni, i.e. former students return to their
college for a weekend in the autumn to watch a football game.
During homecoming weekend, there are also parties, dances, and
usually a parade.
In spite of the fact that social activities take up too much
time, British and American students are able to make their own
decision about how hard they work. They try not to skip lectures
and study hard to get good grades and a good degree.

for the following Russian phrases.
Учиться очно; учиться на заочном (вечернем) отделении;
заботиться о; иметь высокую мотивацию; усердно работать;
учиться в университете; студенческий заём (кредит); зани-
мать деньги под проценты; платить за обучение; расходы на
проживание; зарабатывать деньги; питание (2); каникулы (2);
финансовая помощь; стипендия; работать неполный рабо-
чий день; работать полный рабочий день; программа “Учись
50
и работай”; самостоятельный; общежитие (3); сдаваемая
комната; жить в одном доме; родной город (город, где че-
ловек постоянно живёт); жить на территории студенческого
городка (университета); жить за пределами территории уни-
верситета; получать оценки; заканчивать высшее учебное
заведение; принимать участие; книжный магазин; места пи-
тания; места отдыха и развлечений; социальная (обществен-
ная) деятельность; главное событие; неделя студенческих
шествий, трюков и розыгрышей (организуемая студентами
для сбора средств на благотворительные цели); сбор денег
(на благотворительные нужды); вечер встречи выпускни-
ков американских университетов; выпускники колледжа или
университета; пропускать занятия; усердно заниматься.
2.5 Insert suitable words from the list below into these
phrases.
home town; money; tuition fees; campus; education; basis;
grades; package; residence hall; social activities; borrow;
lectures; part-time; share; game
1. to live in a ….

2. financial aid ….
3. to live away from …
4. to finance ….
5. to live off …
6. to charge ….
7. to … money from the bank
8. to take …. jobs
9. to study on a full-time ….
10. to …. a house
11.  to earn ….
12. to get good …
13. to watch a football …
51
14. to spend time on ….
15. to skip …

1. Many people in Britain study on a ___ . 2. Those who
study part-time are highly ___ . 3. Young students are thought
to be ___. 4. British students need money to ___ . 5. Money
borrowed from the bank must be ___. 6. American students have
to pay for ___. 7. Many American students work full-time ___.
8. University is a time to live ___ . 9. Staying at home is ___ .
10. Many American students live on ___ . 11. Those who live
off campus ___ . 12. The interests of the British students are
represented by ___ . 13. Rag week is ___ . 14. Homecoming is
___ . 15. Student organizations include ___ . 16. Alumni return
to their colleges ___. 17. Both British and American students
try ___ .
2.7 Agree or disagree with the statements given below.

In case of agreement repeat the statement, in case of
disagreement correct it.
Use the introductory phrases:
I (quite) agree. It’s true. Absolutely true. That’s right. I share
this viewpoint. Exactly. Quite so.
I disagree. I don’ t quite agree. I can’t agree that … That’s
false. That’s wrong. Quite the contrary. Not quite so.
1. British and American students enjoy themselves and do
very little work. 2. Part-time students combine their studies with
work. 3. British students do not pay for their tuition. 4. British
students have to pay for rent, food and books. 5. American
students do not have to pay for tuition. 6. All British students
are graduating with larger debts. 7. Many British students live
in a hall of residence for their first year. 8. Staying at home with
parents is very expensive. 9. Some American students share
52
a house with housemates. 10. Living on campus results in better
grades. 11. Homecoming is one of the highlights of the year in
British universities. 12. There are several social, cultural and
political student clubs and organizations in the US. 13. Parade
usually takes place during homecoming weekend. 14. Social
activities promote bad grades.
2.8 Look through the words given below and choose

those which (in your opinion) could be used when describing
student activities in Britain and the USA.
Boring, enthusiastic, entertaining, dull, tiresome, initiative,
annoying, encouraging, uninterested, funny.
2.9 Answer the following questions.

1. What is the popular image of student life in Britain and the
USA? 2. Do all students study full-time at university or college?
3. What can you say about students that combine studies with
work? 4. Why are younger students thought to be lazy? 5. Do
British universities charge tuition fees? 6. Do American students
pay for their tuition? 7. What is a student loan? 8. What does
financial aid package include? 9. When do many students take
part-time jobs? 10. Why do many students in Britain and the
US go to universities away from their home towns? 11. What
are the advantages of living in a hall of residence? 12. What are
the advantages of living with parents? 13. What is one of the
highlights of the year in Britain? 14. What is one of the most
important celebrations in American universities? 15. Do British
and American students spend much time on social activities?
2.10 Read the text and find information about:

а. British colleges and universities
b. graduate and post-graduate degrees
c. forms of instruction
53
Most big towns in Britain
have both a university and
a college of higher
education. Universities offer
three- and four-year degree
courses; colleges of higher
education offer both two-
year HND (Higher National
Diploma) courses, as well as
degree courses.
A degree is the qualification you get from university when
you pass your final exams. You are then awarded a BA (Bachelor
of Arts), e.g. for example, a BA in history, BSc (Bachelor of
Science) or BEd (Bachelor of Education).
Undergraduates, students who are studying for their first
degrees, go to large formal lectures, but most of the work takes
place in tutorials: lessons in groups of ten or more when the
students discuss their work with the lecturer. Students have
a tutorial once or twice a term. There are also regular seminars, at
which the students read their papers. The paper is then discussed
by the tutor and the rest of group.
When you complete your first degree, you are a graduate.
Some students then go on (continue) to do a second course or
degree, called a postgraduate course or degree. There are usually
three possible degrees: MA (Master of Arts), e.g. a Masters in
English, an MSc (Master of Science), e.g. a Masters in biology or
a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) (minimum three years), e.g. a PhD
in computer science.
2.11 Find the following words and expressions in the text

and give their Russian equivalents.
College of higher education, to offer a Higher National
Diploma course, to offer a degree course, to pass final exams,
54
to award a degree, undergraduate, to complete the first degree,
tutorial, lecturer, professor, to do a second course, postgraduate,
Bachelor, Master.

1. In your opinion, what is the title of the text? 2. What
courses do English universities offer? 3. What is a degree? 4.
What is a tutorial? 5. What degrees are British students awarded?
6. What are the most common forms of instruction?
2.13 Make a short summary of the text. Use the following

phrases:
The title of the text is …
The text deals with … (speaks about…, presents…, shows…,
is devoted to …, gives some information on …, discusses).
According to the text …
I think …
In my opinion…
2.14 Read the text and find information about:

a. difference between colleges and universities
b. graduate and post-graduate degrees
c. students’ majors
d. forms of instruction
In the USA, the students can get
higher education both in colleges and
universities. The major difference
between colleges and universities is that
colleges are four-year institutions, and
universities offer longer courses of
study. College is usually an institution
the curriculum of which emphasizes
arts and sciences or a combination of
55
natural, social sciences and the humanities. Academic work at
a college leads to a four-year Bachelor of Arts (BA) or Bachelor
of Science (BS) degree.
Universities are usually composed of several undergraduate
colleges and offer graduate (Master of Arts or MA, Master of
Science or MS.) and post-graduate degrees (Doctor of Philosophy
or PhD, Doctor of Education or EdD).
Every American student has a major, i.e. the primary area of
concentration. They may choose, for instance, English literature,
Biology, Political Science, etc. Students are often required to
take the majority of their courses in their declared major. Some
courses are required by institutions of higher education, such
as English, social science, and humanities courses. A certain
number of courses are elected by students according to their
interests alone.
The most common form of instruction in colleges and
universities is lecturing. Laboratories are also often used for
computer and science projects as well as for language courses.
Teachers in the USA also make use of discussion groups where
the students discuss a work of literature or an essay and prepare
a group presentation on a related topic.
2.15 Find the following words and expressions in the text

and give their Russian equivalents.
To get higher education, four-year institutions, to offer
a course of study, curriculum, arts and sciences, social sciences,
the humanities, major, to elect courses, form of instruction,
discussion group, essay, group presentation, related topic.

1. In your opinion, what is the title of the text? 2. Where can
American students get higher education? 3. What is the major
difference between colleges and universities? 4. What degrees
56
can American students get at universities? 5. What courses are
required by universities? 6. What are the most common forms
of instruction in American colleges and universities? 7. What is
a major?
2.17 Make a short summary of the texts. Use the necessary

phrases.
2.18 Complete the table using information from the texts

of Unit 2. Fill in the columns with the information about your
country.
Tuition Financial Social Course Forms of
Housing Degrees
fees aid package activities duration instruction
Britain
USA
Russia
2.19 In pairs or small groups speak on the following

topics.
1. The popular image of student life in Great Britain
(USA, Russia)
2. Full-time and part-time education in Britain
(USA, Russia).
3. Students’ financial support in Britain (USA, Russia).
4. Social life in British (American, Russian) universities
Listening
3.1 Before listening, study the following vocabulary
notes:
• hectic (adjective): very busy
• major (noun): course of study
• land (a job) (verb): to win, or get a job
• work (your way) through (school) (verb): think through, in
this case, work while going to school to support yourself
57
3.2 Listen to the conversation and choose the right
answer:
1. What does the man want to do after he graduates?
A. He wants to become a teacher.
B. He hopes to go on to graduate school.
C. He’d like to work at a hotel.
2. What is the woman majoring in?
A. history
B. French
C. computer science
3. How does the woman pay for college?
A. She has a part-time job.
B. She received a scholarship.
C. Her parents are paying for it.
4. Where does the man work part-time?
A. at a bakery
B. in a library
C. at a restaurant
5. What thing did the man NOT say about his job?
A. His co-workers are friendly.
B. He works long hours.
C. The pay is okay
College life
Everyday English
4.1 Imagine you are interviewing the President of one of
the American universities. What questions would you ask to
get some information about:
1) tuition fees and financial aid package;
2) the difference between colleges and universities;
3) living on campus;
4) forms of instruction;
5) student organizations;
58
6) degrees.
In your conversation you may use the phrases of requests:
Could (would) you … ? – Не могли бы Вы …?
The replies are:
Certainly. – Конечно. Yes, of course. Yes, sure. – Да,
конечно.
With pleasure. – С удовольствием. All right (okay). –
Хорошо.
4.2 Act also as a “president” and give brief information

on the above mentioned topics.
4.3 Practise the conversation below with your partner,

and then act it to the class. Make similar conversation about
Russian universities with your partner.
A.: How do English universities choose students?
B.: You usually apply for four universities. The universities
may interview you. They usually refuse to take students who fail
their end-of-year exams.
A.: Have you applied for university yet?
B.: Yes, I heard from York University yesterday. I’m having
an interview next week.
4.4 Read the following dialogues. Be ready to act them

out.
Getting an “A”
Teacher: Bill, you wrote the paper on American art, didn’t
you?
Bill: Yes. How was it?
T.: It was quite good. It showed a lot of careful research.
B.: Thank you. Does it mean I’ll get an “A” in the course?
T.: Yes, I think so.
59
Talk on College Life
Bob: How are you doing?
Peter: I’m doing fine, thank you.
B.: You’re graduating this year, aren’t you?
P.: Yes, in three months. I’ve already finished the required
courses and passed my exams. I only have to present my graduate
work.
B.: How many exams did you have to take?
P.: Three: philosophy, English and mathematics.
B.: What about your marks? Did everything turn out OK?
P.: Yes, excellent in all the subjects.
B.: Congratulations. I wish you the best of luck.
P.: Thank you. Goodbye.
B.: Bye.
Writing
5.1 You have received a letter from your English pen
friend Nick who writes
… At college we have a variety of cultural, musical, social
clubs and organizations. Could you tell me about student
organizations that are the most popular in your university?
By the way, I am going to join the Wildlife Club …
5.2 Write a letter to Nick. In your letter tell him about

different student social activities (clubs and organizations)
of your university. Ask 3 questions about the Wildlife Club.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Your address
Date
Dear Nick,
Thanks for …, or Many thanks for ….
Please write to me or
I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon or
60
Best wishes or Love,
Your name
Self – study
Find information about any British (European) or
American university. Present this information to your
groupmates.
Grammar
6.1 Look at the picture. Say what children are doing at
the math class. Open the brackets.
The director ___ (look) into
the classroom. A young teacher
___ (speak). But the children are
not interested in math. They ___
(do) something else. Tom______
(not/write) in his notebook,
he______ (read) a history book.
Sally______ (not/listen) to the
teacher, she______ (talk) with her
friend. Sandy______ (not/look) at the blackboard, she______
(talk) on the mobile phone.
6.2 Put in am/is/are/do/don’t/does/doesn’t.

1. Excuse me, ___ you speak English? 2. Where ___ you
come from? – I ___ from Canada. 3. – Where’s George? – He
_____ having lunch in the café. 4. What ____ she do? She’s
a programmer. 5. I ____ want to go out. It ____ raining. 6. I can’t
talk to you at the moment. I _____ working. 7. George is good at
tennis, but he ______ play very often. 8. ______ you enjoy your
English course?
61
6.3 Put the verb in the Present Continuous or the Present
Simple.
1. ______ (you/study) full-time at university?
2. Tom______ (have) a lecture at the moment.
3. They______ (not/skip) lectures.
4. Listen! Somebody______ (speak).
5. How often______ (you/have) seminars?
6. A: Excuse me, but you______ (sit) in my place.
B: Oh, I’m sorry.
7. I’m sorry, I______ (not/understand). Please, speak more
slowly.
8. A: Where are you, Roy?
B: I’m in the sitting-room. I______ (read).
9. What time______ (she/finish) work every day?
10. He_____ (not/usually/drive) to the university. He
usually_____ (walk).
6.4 Are the sentences correct or incorrect? Correct the

mistakes.
1. I usually working from 7.30-13.30.
2. Does he has his own car?
3. I often having dinner with them.
4. He never skip classes.
5. She does not reads a lot.
6. Where are you work now?
7. She usually do her homework in the library.
8. We don’t live on campus now.
9. She doesn’t works in London.
I0. Is he study hard?
6.5 Choose the correct form of the verb.

1. I am thinking / think it’s not easy to learn English.
2. She is having/has a shower. Can you call later?
62
3. She isn’t having/doesn’t have a new car.
4. He is having/has a lecture at the moment.
5. They are wanting/want to go to the library.
6. I don’t think she is understanding/understands.
7. I am liking/like programming.
8. He is knowing/knows a lot about computers.
6.6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of be.

Helen: Hi, Ann! How ___ you? Haven’t seen you for ages.
Ann: Hi, Helen! I ___ fine, thank you. And you?
Helen: I’m also well. So, where were you all this time?
Ann: I’ve been busy moving to another district. My parents
have recently bought a new house, so we now live there.
Helen: How about the school? ___ you going to change it
too?
Ann: Yes, I’ve already applied to the new school, which
specializes in foreign languages.
Helen: Really? That’s marvellous. ___ you going to study
there during the new academic year?
Ann: If I successfully pass two exams, then yes.
Helen: Which exams do you need to pass?
Ann: One ___ in Foreign literature and another ___ in
German.
Helen: So, you’___ going to study German there, is that
right?
Ann: Not only. I will have two foreign languages on the
curriculum or three if I choose so.
Helen: In my opinion it’s great. Foreign languages ___
significant in all spheres of education. If you know several
languages, you can ___ a highly-demanded interpreter.
Ann: You’re right, but that’s not all. If I know German or
Chinese well, I can end up as an important member of some large
63
corporation. Large companies do business with Germany, China
and many other countries.
Helen: That’s true. It ___ especially good to specialize in
different branches. Ann: What do you mean?
Helen: I mean, today it’s easy to find an interesting job and to
build a successful career when you have two different specialties.
For example, foreign languages and law, foreign languages and
banking, etc.
Ann: As I understand foreign languages ___ necessary in
any case.
6.7 Helen is phoning Susan. She would like to meet with

her. But Susan is very busy this week. Look at the notes in
Susan’s diary and complete the conversation.
Monday 18.00 Meet Alex
Tuesday 17.00 — 20.00 Get ready for the test in algebra.
21.00 Go to the cinema with Edna
Wednesday 17.00 — 20.00 Get ready for the test in algebra
Thursday 18.00 Write the test in algebra
Friday 20.00 Visit parents
Saturday 21.30 Go to the pub with Alex
Sunday Relax
Helen: Hi, Susan. How are you?
Susan: Fine, thanks. And you?
Helen: Not bad. Let’s go to the bar on Monday.
Susan: I’m sorry. But I’m going to meet Alex on Monday.
Helen: What about Tuesday?
Susan: _________________
Helen: Let’s meet on Wednesday.
Susan: _________________
Helen: May be Thursday then?
Susan: _________________
Helen: What about Friday?
64
Susan _________________
Helen: You are really busy this week!
Susan: That’s true. But I am going to be free on Saturday
after 2 o’clock. Let’s go to the club on Saturday night.
Helen: OK. See you on Saturday.
Susan: See you.
6.8 Complete the sentences using the verbs in the box.

am living, like, play, comes, am going to look, is studying
1. Carol ______from Hong Kong. She ______ mathematics
at the University of Newcastle, in the North of England. “I ______
the people very much. They are warm and friendly. I ______ on
a campus. It takes me five minutes to walk to the city centre,
where I can shop, or go to cafes and clubs. I often ______ table
tennis. I______ for a job in a bank when I finish. Maybe here in
Newcastle. Who knows?”
speaks study am doing am going
2. Steven ______three languages – German, English, and
Russian. “I ______ law at Harvard. But now I ______ a course
in international studies in Paris. After the course, I ______ on
holiday to Russia. I can’t wait to see the Hermitage Museum in
St. Petersburg.”
come, teaches, helps, are going to train, are staying,
are doing, love
3. Nick and Holly ______ voluntary work in Kenya for
a year. They _____at Camp Kenya with fifty other volunteers,
who______ from all over the world. Holly ______English, and
Nick ______ local people to build schools and playgrounds.
“The kids ______ football”, says Nick. When Nick and Holly go
back to England, they _____ to be teachers.
65
6.9 Put these sentences into the negative form and make
the question.
1. Henry can drive. 2. He can do his homework after classes.
3. We have to wear uniform. 4. We have to work hard. 5. You
should phone us if you’re in trouble. 6. He should attend all
lectures. 7. You must help you parents! 8. I must visit Peter. He’s
in hospital. 9. I may get home at midnight.
6.10 Answer the questions about you.

1. Can you always do what you want?
2. May you bring a mobile phone to class?
3. What time do you have to get back home?
4. Must you do your homework every day?
5. Must you arrive for lesson on time?
6. May you wear jeans at university?
7. May you smoke?
8. Should you smoke?
9. Should you go out when it’s dark?
10. Should you drink alcohol?
11. Do you have to go to work?
12. Do you have to go shopping?
13. Do you have to do the cooking?
14. Do you have to do military service?
6.11 Here are the past participles of some verbs. Write

the infinitives.
given taken done made had started drunk seen stayed gone
come been
6.12 Are the sentences written in Active or Passive?

1. Steven goes to college away from his home.
a) Active b) Passive
2. They move into digs.
66
3. Computers are used in teaching.
4. Some students are given a grant.
5. He passed his exam successfully.
6. This room is rented by my friend.
7. This theory is discussed.
8. The grant is not a lot of money.
9. They are working in a computer lab.
10. This student has taken his exams well.
6.13 Translate into Russian.

I am a first-year student at Technical University. My college
is not large. There are lots of lecture halls, rooms for studies and
laboratories there. Its research laboratories are provided with the
most modern equipment. Serious and important researches are
conducted by our college scientists. There are some well-known
scientists working at our college. My special field is particle
physics. As a first-year student, I am not doing any research
yet but I am planning to take part in the research activity of our
department in the third year. I am going to leave college in 4
years.
6.14 Choose the correct letter.

1. Laboratories ______for science projects.
a) use b) used c) are used.
67
2. He ______ extra homework every Friday because he
doesn’t work hard.
a) gives b) is given c) given
3. Students______by tutor.
a) consult b) are consulted c) are consulting
4. We ______enough time to answer all the questions.
a) be given b) aren’t given c) given
5. She ______by a professor in physics.
a) be examined b) is examined c) examines
6. The students ______ the result of their interview at once.
a) aren’t told b) aren’t telling c) aren’t be told
7. The new equipment ______ in technical laboratory.
a) demonstrates b) demonstrated c) is demonstrated
8. The network ______for sending and receiving e-mail
messages.
a) is used b) use c) has used
6.15 Complete the sentences with an active or passive

form.
Active Passive
1. They make Rolls Royce 1. Rolls Royce cars ______ in
in Britain. Britain.
2. Over 5 million people 2. The Eiffel Tower is visited
______ the Eiffel Tower by over 5 million people
every year. every year.
3. Microsoft develops new 3. New hardware ______ by
hardware. Microsoft.
4. Many students ______ 4. Google search engine is
Google search engine. used by many students.
5. We speak French and 5. French and German ______
German here. here.
68
6.16 Complete the sentences with prepositions of time in,
on, at.
1.______ summer I play tennis ______ Sundays.
2. Nick leaves home ______ 4 p.m.
3. My friend’s birthday is ______ March.
4. We often go to the cinema ______ Fridays.
5. Vancouver is very cold ______ winter.
6.17 Complete the sentences with the prepositions by,

with, of, in, on, at, to, for.
1. I was ___ Tom’s party ___ Saturday.
2. Anna lives ______ home ______ her parents.
3. John is ______ the room ______ his brother Sami.
4. I go ______ work ______ bus.
5. She was _____ the cinema ______ her boyfriend ______
Friday evening.
6. Do you pay_____tuition?
7. A: Can you help me ______ my homework?
B: ______ course, I can. Give it ______ me.
8. Look ______ this photo ______ my girlfriend. Isn’t she
beautiful?
6.18 Fill in the gaps with at, in, on, to, for.
Janet works ______ an important company ______ London.
She gets up ______ seven o’clock ______ the morning ______
Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. She gets ______ work
______ nine o’clock. She has lunch ______ the company
restaurant and leaves the office ______ three o’clock. ______ her
free time ______ weekends and ______ the evenings she does
a lot of different things.
69
6.19 Read Kevin’s letter to his friend. Fill in the gaps
with on, in, at, to, for, with. Some of the words go in more than
one place.
21st March
Dear Joe,
Thanks for your letter.
I’m very happy ______ the moment. I go ______ school
every day and I study ______ two hours ______ the evenings.
______ the weekends, I work ______ a library. The people I work
______ aren’t very friendly – they don’t speak ______ me. But
the boss is friendly. My dad has a new job! He works ______
a television company. Sometimes he goes ______ Australia and
America ______ business. What about you? Do you…

1. Мой друг Джон совмещает работу и учебу. 2. Он учит-
ся заочно. 3. Говорят, он хороший студент. 4. Джон очень
добросовестно учится. 5. Британские студенты используют
студенческие ссуды на оплату обучения, расходы на учебные
нужды и проживание. 6. Американские студенты часто живут
в кампусах. 7. Проживание на территории университета удоб-
нее для студента. 8. Жизнь вместе с родителями тоже имеет
ряд преимуществ. 9. Он живет в студенческом общежитии?
10. Мы никогда не пропускаем лекции. 11. Иногда мы по-
лучаем невысокие оценки, но стараемся учиться хорошо.
12. Наши друзья собираются арендовать комнату или дом
недалеко от университета. 13. Об этом колледже много го-
ворят. 14. Ты платишь за свое обучение? 15. Самая распро-
странённая форма обучения в британских и американских
колледжах – лекция. 16. Эти вопросы обсуждаются на семи-
нарах. 17. Твои друзья работают во время каникул? 18. Легко
ли найти работу на неполный рабочий день? 19. Когда у нас
вечер встречи выпускников? 20. Выпускникам университе-
та присуждают степени бакалавра гуманитарных наук или
бакалавра естественных наук.
70
Unit 3. Inventions, discoveries
and technologies changing our lives
1.1 You are probably familiar with the traditional

branches of science, e.g. chemistry, physics, botany and
zoology. But what about these newer fields? Read and
translate information about the new branches of science.
genetic engineering: the manipulation of genetic material
(DNA) of living things to alter hereditary traits
ergonomics: the study of the design of physical working
spaces and how people interact with them
molecular biology: the study of the structure and function of
the organic molecules associated with living organisms
cybernetics: the study of the way information is moved and
controlled by the brain or by machinery
information technology: the study of technology related
to the transfer of information (computers, digital electronics,
telecommunications)
bioclimatology: the study of how climate affects living
things
geopolitics: the study of the way geographical factors help to
explain the basis of the power of nation states
nuclear engineering: the study of the way nuclear power can
be made useful
cryogenics: the study of physical systems at temperatures
less than 183°C
astrophysics: the application of physical laws and theories to
stars and galaxies
voice technology: technology which enables machines to
interpret speech
71
1.2 Complete the following list with the name of the
specialists in the particular fields.
Example: science – scientist
chemistry – ……..
physics – ……..
zoology – ………
genetics – ……….
information technology – ……..
cybernetics – ……….
civil engineering –
astrophysics – ……
1.3 The verbs in the sentences below are all used in

scientific context. Read and translate the sentences.
1. He experimented with a number of different materials
before finding the right one. 2. The technician pressed a button
and lights started flashing. 3. When she pulled a lever, the wheel
began to rotate. 4. A dwarf planet Pluto was discovered in 1930.
5. When they were combined, the two chemicals reacted violently
with each other. 6. After analyzing the problem, the physicist
concluded that there was a flaw in his initial hypothesis 7. James
Watt invented the steam engine and Alexander Fleming, another
Scot, discovered penicillin. 8. You must patent your invention as
quickly as possible. 9. Just look at it! The computer has broken
down again.
1.4 Form nouns from the following words.

1. discover 2. rotate 3. invent 4. conclude 5. science 6. analyze
7. develop 8. experiment 9. combine 10. design 11. innovate 12.
operate 13. program 14. demonstrate 15. calculate 16. compute
72
1.5 Change the form of the word in capital letters to fill
in the gaps. Translate the sentences.
1. The wheel is one of the most important ____ (INVENT)
in the history of mankind.
2. Franklin was a scientist, an ____ (INVENT), and
a statesman.
3. The success of our experiment depends on the ____
(DEVELOP) of technology.
4. Penicillin was quite an important ____ (DISCOVER).
5. Columbus Day commemorates the Italian ____
(DISCOVER) Christopher Columbus, who first landed in the
New World on October 12, 1492.
6. This ____ (SCIENCE) made a lot of experiments.
7. An _____(ANALYZE) is a piece of equipment which is
used to analyze the substances that are present in something such
as a gas.
8. The ____(CALCULATE) that you made contained a few
inaccuracies.
9. I like to do ____(COMPUTE) of the ratio of the object’s
height to its weight.
1.6 Which of these are discoveries and which are

inventions? Add more discoveries and inventions to the list.
– the telephone
– television
– radium
– penicillin
– the Internet
– DNA
– the atom
– the electric bulb
– Google
73
2.1. Before reading the text below, ask the students of

your group their opinions on some aspects of the problem of
technological progress.
Public Opinion Poll
1. What do you think of science? Do science and technology
do
– more good than harm
– more harm than good
– about equal ?
2. Do you think that scientific discoveries can have very
dangerous effects?
– Yes
– No
Discuss the results of the public opinion poll with your
partner. Express your own opinion.
Use the following phrases:
I think … I guess … My point is that … In my opinion … To
my mind …As far as I know …

the following words and word combinations.
Microscope, telescope, business, eyeglasses, invention,
though, to grind, invisible, powerful, universe, to modernize,
bacteria, satellite, to magnify, insect, image, radiation, astronomy.
74
2.3 The two texts below are jumbled up. Sort them out
according to the titles.
How did the microscopes get invented?

The invention of the telescope
A More than 400 years ago in
Holland, Zacharias Jansenn was in
the business of grinding lenses for
eyeglasses. Some of his lenses made
things look bigger. He found that
he could put two lenses together to
make things look a lot bigger. So, in
about 1595, Zacharias built the first
microscope (“Micro” means “small”.
“Scope” means “to see”).
B Since the telescope’s invention, much more powerful
versions have been developed. Radio X-ray, and gamma-ray
telescopes are capable of sensing and measuring things like
invisible forms of radiation. These telescopes have helped us to
learn about the solar system, the Milky Way and the universe
itself.
C The great Italian scientist Galileo Galilei (1564—1642) is
also credited with inventing the telescope, though he may have
got the idea from Lippershey. In the early 17th century, Galileo
modernized astronomy by using the telescope to study outer
space. Using the telescope, Galileo discovered Jupiter’s four
largest satellites, spots on the Sun, hills and valleys on the Moon,
and the phases of Venus.
D As with most inventions, several different people claim
to have invented the telescope. Many historians working on the
problem believe it was invented in 1608 by Hans Lippershey,
who made glasses in Holland. He discovered that by placing two
lenses inside a tube, distant objects seemed to be much closer.
75
E The first microscope made things look 20 to 30 times
larger than they are. This is enough to see the details of some
tiny plants and insects and animals that are too small to see with
just our eyes. But that’s not enough to get a good look at really
small things.
F He collected things to look at – water and plants and blood
and dirt. When he scraped stuff off his own teeth, Anton van
Leeuwenhoek became the first person to see bacteria! People
kept finding new ways to get bigger and clearer images from
microscopes. Today, a microscope that bends light with lenses
can magnify up to 1,500 times!
G In the 1600s another man
who lived in Holland, Anton van
Leeuwenhoek began to make
microscopes as a hobby. He was in
the business of selling cloth, but he
became very good at making
microscopes. His microscopes
could magnify an object up to
200 times.
H The telescope is the most important tool for investigating
astronomy. It provides a means of collecting and analyzing
radiation from objects in outer space, even those in the far reaches
of the universe.
2.4 Look through the texts and find English equivalents

for the following words and phrases.
1. Шлифовать линзы, увеличивать предметы, хорошо
рассматривать, крошечные растения и насекомые, создать
микроскоп, преломлять свет, заниматься чем-либо.
2. Изобретение телескопа, невидимые формы радиации,
солнечная система, Млечный путь, вселенная, модернизиро-
76
вать астрономию, изучать космическое пространство, спут-
ник, удаленные объекты.

1. What did the inventor of the microscope do for a living?
2. Did he work hard to invent the microscope?
3. What is the meaning of the word “microscope”?
4. Was the first microscope different from modern ones?
5. Who perfected the microscope?
6. What did Leeuwenhoek see through his microscope?
7. Is it true that the telescope had several inventors?
8. What was the result of Galilei’s experiments with the
telescope?
9. How has the telescope changed through centuries?
10. Which of these instruments do you think played a greater
role in human history?
11. Have you ever looked through the telescope? What have
you seen?
12. Have you ever used a microscope?
2.6 Enumerate all the astronomical objects mentioned in

the text about telescopes. Find and write down the names of
all the planets of the Universe.
2.7 Complete the table using the information from the

texts. After that make up a story about the invention of the
Light Bulb using the information from the table.
What is it used The microscope The telescope The light bulb
for? …………….. ………………. to light houses
Thomas Alva
Who invented it? ………… ……………….. Edison (USA),
Joseph Wilson
Swan (England)
77
When was it ………….. ……………….. 1879
invented?
How has it been new designs
perfected? ………….. ………………. have been
created, modern
bulbs are more
powerful and
safe
What role did it (fill it in
play in History? ……………. ………………. yourself)
A famous scientist and inventor

Nobel Alfred Bernhard
(1933–96), Swedish chemist and
inventor was born in Stockholm.
After receiving an education in
Saint Petersburg, Russia, France
and the U.S., he returned to
St.Petersburg where he worked in
his father’s company, developing
mines, torpedoes, and other
explosives during the Crimean War
1853–56. After the war, his father
went bankrupt, and in 1859 the family returned to Sweden.
He invented dynamite in 1867 and a smokeless gunpowder
in 1887. He built a network of factories to manufacture dynamite,
and corporations to produce and market his explosives. Nobel
registered over 350 patents, many unrelated to explosives
(e.g., artificial silk and leather).
Both his worldwide interests in explosives and his large
holdings in the Baku oil fields of Russia brought him an immense
fortune.
78
Though he was essentially a pacifist and hoped that
destructive power of his inventions would help bring an end
to wars, he was labeled a “merchant of death” for inventing an
explosive used in war. Perhaps to counter this label, he left most
of his immense fortune, which was from worldwide explosives
and oil interests, to establish the Nobel Prizes, which would
become the most highly regarded of all international awards.
Nobel Prizes are awards granted annually to persons or
institutions for outstanding contributions during the previous
year in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine,
literature, international peace, and economics.
In addition to a cash award, each Nobel Prize winner also
receives a gold medal and a diploma bearing the winner’s name
and field of achievement. The judges often divide the prize for
achievement in a particular field among two or three people.
Dividing the prize among more than three people is not allowed.
The fund is controlled by the board of directors of the Nobel
Foundation, which serves for two-year periods and consists of
six members. The six members are either Norwegian or Swedish
citizens.
To further the purposes of the foundation, separate institutes
have been established, in accordance with Nobel’s will, in
Sweden and Norway for the advancement of each of the five
original fields for which the prizes are awarded. The first Nobel
Prizes were awarded on December 10, 1901.
2.9. Answer the questions.

1. When was Nobel Alfred Bernhard born? 2. When did
he invent dynamite? 3. How many patents did Nobel register?
4. What brought him an immense fortune? 5. Why was he labeled
a “merchant of death”? 6. What are Nobel Prizes? 7. What do
Nobel Prize winners receive? 8. When were the first Nobel Prizes
awarded?
79
2.10 Read the text below and think about its title.
Most people know that Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519)
was a great Italian painter. However, he was also a talented
inventor, architect, scientist, and engineer. His scientific research
and knowledge of architecture and mathematics helped him to
design many new things. For example, he drew a flying machine
400 years before the airplane was invented.
Da Vinci also designed an air conditioner, an alarm clock,
a reading lamp, a submarine, a bridge, and many other things.
He made detailed sketches of the helicopter and the parachute. In
all, da Vinci designed more than 1,000 inventions. Da Vinci was
greatly admired for his artistic talent and his skills in many areas.
His work had a strong influence on artists throughout Europe,
and his scientific ideas were centuries ahead of his time.
James Watt (1736–1819) was a Scottish inventor and engineer.
In 1765, Watt revolutionized the steam engine, redesigning it so
that it was much more efficient and four times as powerful as
the old Newcomen steam engines. Watt’s engines did not waste
steam (heat), and had a separate condenser. Watt also invented
a method for converting the up-and-down piston movement into
rotary motion (the “sun-and-planet” gear), allowing a greater
number of applications for the engine. Watt produced this rotary-
motion steam engine in 1781; it was used for many applications.
Watt coined the term “horsepower”, which he used to convey
the power of his engines. The inventor calculated how many
horses it would take to do the work of each engine. Parliament
granted Watt a patent on his steam engine in 1755, making Watt
a very wealthy man. In 1882 (long after Watt’s death), the British
Association named the unit of electrical power the “watt”.
In the history of applied science, an American inventor
Thomas Alva Edison (1847–1931) stands alone. One thousand
two hundred patents are credited to him. He was a man of great
energy and intelligence. When he was seventeen years old, he
80
invented an automatic telegraph repeater. He continued inventing
useful things the rest of his life. In 1879, Edison eventually
produced a bulb that could glow for over 1500 hours. The
incandescent electric bulb revolutionized the world. Thomas
Edison’s work also includes inventing the phonograph, the
phonograph record, the carbon telephone transmitter, and the
motion-picture projector. Edison’s life was an illustration of his
own formula for success: “Two percent inspiration and ninety-
eight percent perspiration”.
2.11 Read the sentences and choose the right variant

according to the text you’ve read.
1. Scientific research and knowledge of mathematics helped
Leonardo da Vinci to ____
a. revolutionize the world.
b. design more than 1,000 inventions.
c. invent the first car.
d. understand everything he saw.
2. Four hundred years before the airplane was invented ____
a. Watt produced this rotary-motion steam engine.
b. Edison designed an automatic telegraph repeater.
c. Da Vinci drew a flying machine.
d. Eastman developed production of photographic equipment.
3. James Watt’s term “horsepower” was used to ____
a. make detailed sketches of the helicopter.
b. waste steam and heat.
c. convey the power of the engines.
d. redesign the steam engine.
4. The unit of electrical power was named by the British
Association in honor of ____
a. Leonardo da Vinci.
b. James Watt.
c. Thomas Edison.
81
d. Michael Faraday.
5. One of the greatest Thomas Edison’s inventions that
revolutionized the world was ____
a. the incandescent electric bulb.
b. the motion-picture projector.
c. the separate condenser.
d. the air conditioner.
2.12 Are the following statements true or false?

1. Leonardo da Vinci was a talented engineer who designed
more than one thousand inventions.
2. Scientific ideas of a great Italian painter and inventor were
centuries ahead of his time.
3. James Watt coined the term the “sun-and-planet” gear.
4. An automatic telegraph repeater was an illustration of
Edison’s own formula for success.
5. The invention of an incandescent electric bulb
revolutionized the world.
2.13 Read the texts A and B, complete them with the

words from the boxes. Translate the texts into Russian.
Text A Euclid [‘ju:klid]
languages, founder, theorems, Elements, edition, Egypt
Euclid is known to us almost exclusively from those of
his works which have survived. Euclid lived in (1) _____
approximately 300 B.C. He taught in Alexandria and was
the (2) ____ of its illustrious mathematical school. His chief
extent work is the (3) _____ in 13 books. Books treat of plane
geometry, of proportion in general, of the properties of numbers,
of incommensurable magnitudes, of solid geometry. Besides
the Elements there are the Data – a collection of geometrical
(4) ______.
82
Euclid’s Elements has been translated into many (5) ______,
and is probably better known than any other mathematical book.
The first printed (6) _____ of Euclid was a translation from
Arabic into Latin, which appeared at Venice in 1482. The first
printed Greek text was published at Rasel in 1533. The most
recent edition is that of Heiberg in 5 volumes (1883-1888).
Text B Pythagoras [pai’θægərəs]
properties, perpendiculars, founder, hypotenuse, numbers,
prime, mathematician
Pythagoras is for us at once the glorified and the actual (1)
___ of the philosophical school. He was also a great (2) _____.
Pythagoras investigated harmonies and (3) ______ of numbers.
His attention was turned to the odd and even, to (4) _____
numbers, square numbers and so.
The great mathematical discovery of Pythagoras is of course
a (5)_____ theorem, where the square is equal to the sum of two
squares. “Pythagorian (6) ____” are such numbers as are related
in the way the theorem indicates. Various other theorems are
closely connected with this cardinal one; these concern chiefly
the squares of the various (7) _____ which may be let fall from
different angles of the right-angled triangle upon the hypotenuse
and sides.
2.14 Agree or disagree with the statements given below.

Use the following phrases.
I (quite) agree. That’s true. Yes, I think so. Absolutely (true).
That’s right. Quite so.
I disagree. I don’t quite agree. I don’t think so. That’s false.
That’s not quite right. That’s wrong. That’s not exactly so. Quite
the contrary. Not quite so.
1. Euclid lived in Greece. 2. The first printed edition of
Euclid was a translation from Latin into Arabic. 3. Euclid was
83
the founder of a mathematical school. 4. Pythagoras was a great
poet. 5. His attention was turned to the odd and even. 6. The
square is equal to the sum of two squares.
2.15 Read the text and find out information about some
facts from the history of computers and computer science.
From the history of computer science

The history of computer science predates the invention
of the modern digital computer by many centuries. Machines
for calculating fixed numerical tasks, such as the abacus, have
existed since antiquity.
Almost all of the invented tools were based on cog-wheel to
fix decimal notation 10 digits. First sketch of 13-digit cog-wheel
adder was drawn by Leonardo da Vinci at one of his diaries
in about 1492. In 1623, more than 100 years after Leonardo
da Vinci death another project of 6-digit cog-wheel device for
arithmetic operations was designed by German scientist Wilgelm
Schickard. He built the first mechanical calculator in 1623. Both
inventions were found only recently and remain only in drafts.
The first real existed mechanical calculus device was
designed by a prominent scientist Blaise Pascal (French
mathematician and philosopher). It was 6 (or 8) digital cog-
wheel device for adding and subtraction of decimal numbers
(1642). In 1673 another 12 digital device was designed by
Gotfrid Wilhelm Leibniz (German mathematician, philosopher,
and diplomat). It was based on not only cog-wheels, but also
on step-roller. The calculators Pascal and Leibniz built were
unreliable, since the mechanical technology of that time was
not capable of manufacturing the parts with sufficient precision.
As manufacturing techniques improved, mechanical calculators
eventually were perfected.
84
Both of these two innovations
were used by an Englishman Charles
Babbage, who made a new step in
calculation devices development –
changing from hand-made to
automatic calculations according to
the designed program. He designed
the project of the Analytical engine,
a punched-card-controlled calculator
(1830–1846). The device consisted
of 5 units, namely arithmetic,
storage, control, input and output, similar to the first computers
that appeared 100 years later. Arithmetic and storage units were
based on cog-wheels. The punch-cards were used for data input.
An estimated calculations rate was one second for addition and
subtraction and one minute for multiplication and division.
Even though the Analytical Engine was never completed,
a demonstration program for it was written by Augusta Ada Byron
(Lady Lovelace), daughter of the poet Lord Byron. To demonstrate
how the Analytical Engine would work, Lady Lovelace included
in her notes a program for calculating a certain series of numbers
(1842). This was the world’s first computer program.
During the 1940s, as newer and more powerful computing
machines were developed, the term computer came to refer to the
machines rather than their human predecessors. As it became clear
that computers could be used for more than just mathematical
calculations, the field of computer science broadened to study
computation in general. Early computer science was strongly
influenced by the work of mathematicians, and there continues to
be a useful interchange of ideas between the two fields in areas
such as mathematical logic, category theory, domain theory, and
algebra.
85
Computer science began to be established as a distinct
academic discipline in the 1960s, with the creation of the first
computer science departments and degree programs. Since
practical computers became available, many applications of
computing have become distinct areas of study in their own
right. Despite its relatively short history as a formal academic
discipline, computer science has made a number of fundamental
contributions to science and society.
2.16 Match English and Russian equivalents.

1. cog-wheel a. аналитическая машина
2. digital computer b. сумматор
3. tool c. скорость вычисления
4. adder d. нововведение
5. device e. сложение
6. mechanical calculator f. умножение
7. addition g. арифметическое
устройство
8. subtraction h. устройство вывода
9. multiplication i. устройство ввода
10. division j. орудие, инструмент
11. decimal number k. блок данных
12. innovation l. зубчатое колесо
13. analytical engine m. устройство
14. punched – card n. десятичное число
15. storage unit o. механический
калькулятор
16. input unit p. перфокарта
17. output unit q. деление
18. arithmetic unit r. запоминающее устройство
19. data unit s. вычитание
20. calculation rate t. цифровой компьютер
86
1. What were almost all of the invented tools based on? 2.
What was designed by Wilgelm Schickard? 3. What was designed
by a prominent scientist Blaise Pascal? 4. What was a 12 digital
device based on? 5. What important step in calculation devices
development was made by Charles Babbage? 6. What is the
Analytical engine? 7. Was the Analytical Engine completed?
8. Who made the world’s first computer program? 9. When did
computer science begin to be established as a distinct academic
discipline? 10. What is the contribution of computer science to
science and society?
2.18 What parts of speech are the following words? Put

them into the correct column. Translate the words.
Multiplication, arithmetic, innovation, analytical, relatively,
storage, digital, useful, namely, mathematical, calculation,
operation, scientist, philosopher, application, strongly,
innovation, subtraction.
Noun Adjective Adverb
2.19 Do you know that some scientists and inventors

were also famous for their contribution to art, music, poetry,
etc.? In the exercise below, match the names of scientists with
their characteristics.
1. James Clerk Maxwell a. an Italian scientist,

(1831–1879) inventor, artist and architect
2. Mikhail Lomonosov b. a British mathematician,
(1711–1765) logician, writer,
photographer
3. Albert Einstein c. a British mathematician,
(1879–1955) first computer programmer
and musician
87
4. Lewis Carroll (1832–1898) d. a German natural
scientist, poet and painter
5. Ada Byron Lovelace e. a Scottish mathematician,
(1815–1852) theoretical physicist and
poet
6. Leonardo Da Vinci (1452– f. a German physicist and
1519) musician
7. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe g. a Russian mathematician,
(1749–1832) chemist, physicist, poet and
educator
Listening
3.1 Listen to the text “New device can smell bombs and
diseases” twice. Read the sentences and choose the best
answer.
1) What is Dr Oshi Agabi’s job besides being a neuroscientist?
a) CEO b) engineer c) physicist d) robot builder
2) When did Dr Agabi launch his start-up project?
a) earlier this year b) three years ago c) 2011 d) last year
3) How much profit has Dr Agabi made?
a) $10 million b) $11 million c) $12 million d) $14 million
4) What kind of industry is interested in Dr Agabi’s device?
a) the food industry b) the spying industry c) the security
industry d) the engineering industry
5) Where could the new device smell diseases in humans?
a) in airports b) in hospitals c) in the streets d) in people’s
homes
6) What did Dr Agabi say was not powerful enough for his
device?
a) silicon chips b) the human brain c) electricity d) processes
7) From what animal’s brain does the device use brain
neurons?
a) a dog b) a chimpanzee c) a mouse d) a monkey
88
8) What do neurons use to send information, besides
chemical signals?
a) electricity b) processes c) silicon d) protein
9) What did Dr Agabi say bio was?
a) tech b) important c) bionics d) biomass
10) What did Dr Agabi say he didn’t want to build?
a) a hospital b) a building c) a silicon chip com
Speaking
4.1 During a recent poll (oпpoc общественного мнения)
in Great Britain people were asked to name the best and the
worst inventions in History. Look at the results and do the
assignments that follow.
The best inventions list
Bicycle Worldwide Web
Radio Light Bulb
Computer Telephone
Penicillin Television
Internal Combustion Engine
The worst inventions list
Atomic weapons Mobile phones
Landmines Car alarms
Internal Combustion Engine Television
Plastic Bags Tetrapak Cartons
Which of the answers strike you as unexpected?

Which of them are the most predictable?
How can you explain the fact that some of the inventions
were mentioned both as good and bad?
What can you add to each of the lists?
89
4.2 Work with a partner. Which of these inventions do
you think is the most important? Mark them 1 for the most
important to 8 for the least important.
– the computer – nuclear weapons

– the car – the space rocket
– the television – the mobile phone
– the aeroplane – satellite
4.3 Work in groups. Work together to agree on the three

most important inventions. Which has changed the world the
most?
4.4 Some people say that the history of Mankind is

actually the history of inventions. How well do you know the
history? Answer the questions together with your partner
and compare your results with those of the other group.
1. Who invented the radio?
2. Who invented the lightbulb?
3. When was the computer invented?
4. What did Alfred Nobel invent?
5. Name the inventors of the printing press in Europe and in
Russia.
6. What did Alexander Graham Bell invent?
7. Name two important things that were invented in China
8. What important discovery did Alexander Fleming make
in 1928?
9. Name the famous traveller and scientist who invented the
aqualung.
10. In what country was the pocket calculator invented and
patented in 1967?
11. What Russian scientist made an important discovery in
his sleep?
90
4.5 Match the inventors with their inventions.
1. Alfred Nobel a) printing machine
2. Alexander Fleming b) telephone
3. Lumiere brothers c) dynamite
4. Charles Babbage d) photography
5. Alexander Graham Bell e) moving pictures
6. John Logie Baird f) penicillin
7. James Watt g) electric bulb
8. Johannes Gutenberg h) television
9. Louis Daguerre i) steam engine
10. Thomas Alva Edison j) computer
4.6 In pairs or small groups discuss the following.

1. A famous proverb says, “Necessity is the mother of
inventions”. How do you understand it? 2. Name some of the
earliest inventions and discuss their role in the development of
human society. 3. What inventions and discoveries were made
in Russia? 4. Are all inventions equally important? 5. Are all
inventions useful? 6. Should a scientist be responsible for the
invention he makes? 6. If you were an inventor, what would you
invent?
Writing
5.1 Write a composition (about 200 words) about the
role of modern gadgets in your life. Write what gadgets and
devices you use and what you like and don’t like about using
them.
Use the following plan:
– introduction, state the problem
– arguments “for”
– argument “against”
– make a conclusion based on the given arguments.
91
In your composition use the following phrases:
To begin with, I’d like to say that …. Прежде всего
(во-первых), мне хотелось бы сказать ….
Of course … Конечно (несомненно) …..
So … Таким образом …..
Meanwhile… Тем временем; между тем …
However … Однако ….
On the one hand …. С одной стороны …
On the other hand …. С другой стороны ….
I’m not sure that … Я не уверен, что ….
To my mind … По моему мнению ….
I suppose … Я полагаю …..
On the whole … В целом …..
In other words … Другими словами ….
It is to be noted that …Стоит заметить, что …
I’d rather say, that … Я, пожалуй, скажу, что ….
Moreover … Кроме того…..
I quite agree that …Я абсолютно согласен, что …..
As for me …Что касается меня, …
My point is that … Моя точка зрения заключается в том,
что …
Summing up, it is evident that … Подводя итого, очевидно,
что ….
In conclusion, I should (may, must) say that …В заключении,
я должен (могу) сказать, что…
92
Everyday English
6.1 Invention of the telephone is undoubtedly one of
the greatest inventions. Today people can’t imagine their
life without this means of communication. Answer these
questions. If possible, discuss your answers with someone
else.
1. Do you have a mobile (cell) phone?
How often do you use it? What do you use
it for? Do you send many text messages?
What is the brand of your phone?
2. Is it expensive to make calls in your
country?
3. What are the emergency numbers in
your country?
6.2 Do you know how to start a phone

conversation? Study different ways of starting a telephone
conversation.
− Hello. Is that Mary?
− Hello. May I speak to Ann, please?
− Good morning. Could I speak to Jane Gordon, please?
− Hello. This is John Smith speaking. Could I talk to Ann?
− Hello, George speaking. Is Lisa in?
− Good morning. Reed’s Dental Office. Can I help you?
− Dr. Reed’s office. May I help you?
− Hello. Mathematics Department. What can I do for you?
What phrases are used in informal conversations and
which ones are used in formal calls?
6.3 Read the following dialogues. Be ready to act them

out.
Dialogue 1
A: Hello. May I speak to Professor Smith, please?
93
B: Speaking.
A: Good evening. This is Dr. Duffin calling.
Dialogue2
A: Hello. This is Ann speaking.
B: Hello, Ann. What’s the problem?
A: I’m calling to remind you of our party date.
Dialogue 3
A: Hello, George speaking. Is Mary in?
B: Hi, George! Hold on a moment. I’ll find out. (pause).
Sorry, she’s out. Would you like to leave a message?
Dialogue 4
A: Hello. May I speak to Mary Lynn?
B: I’m afraid you have the wrong number.
A: Oh, I’m terribly sorry.
B: That’s all right.
6.4. Complete these phone conversations with suitable

words or phrases.
1. A: Hello?
B: Good morning. Could I ____ Alicia James?
A: _____
B: Oh, good morning, Mrs. James. My name is _____
2. A: Hello?
B: Hi. ____ Sandra?
A: No, sorry. Sandra’s not ___ at the moment.
B: Oh. Do you know when she’ll ____ back?
A: No, I’ve got no idea.
B: OK. Well, in that case, could I ____ a ____ for her?
A: Yes, of course.
B: Could you ask her to ____ me at ____ this evening?
A: Sure. What’s your name?
B: Catherine. I’m her colleague. She’s got my ____
A: Right. I’ll tell her.
94
3. A: Hello. This is Mr. Braun. Could I _________ Sam
Jackson, please?
B: ________ Mr Jackson’s in a meeting. Can I _______?
A: Yes, please. Could you ask him to phone me? I think he’s
got my number.
4. A: Could I speak to Alison Short?
B: I’m afraid she ______ at the moment. Do you want to
hold?
A: No, don’t worry. I’ll phone later.
5. A: Can I speak to Terence Cameron, please?
B: _________.
A: Ah, Mr. Cameron! ____ Holly Lucas ____.
Self – study
Find as much as possible information about a famous
scientist or inventor. Be ready to present your information in
your group.
Grammar
7.1. Write the Past Simple form of these regular verbs.
Talk visit ask repeat love explain hate look call listen
continue decide invent discover consist publish help
7.2 Write the Past Simple form of these irregular verbs.

be read meet
do write leave
go get begin
come give make
have take see
95
7.3 Write sentences about the past (yesterday/last week,
etc).
1. He always goes to work by car. Yesterday he _________to
work by car.
2. They always get up early. Yesterday they _________.
3. Bill often misses lectures. He_________ lectures last
Saturday.
4. I write an essay every week. Last week I _________an
essay.
5. She meets her friends every evening. She___ her friends
yesterday evening.
6. I read two newspapers every day. I ___ two newspapers
yesterday.
7. My friends come to my house every Friday. Last Friday
they _________.
8. We usually go to the cinema on Sunday. We ____ to the
cinema last Sunday.
9. Nick always has coffee in the morning. Nick _________
last morning.
10. They take exams every year. Last year they_________.
11. We usually do our shopping on Monday. We _________
last Monday.
12. We leave home at 8.30 every morning. We _________
this morning.
7.4 Complete these sentences. Use these verbs in the Past

Simple.
die, finish, live, play, rain, go,start, want, watch
1. Yesterday evening I _________ television.
2. Bernard _________to the cinema yesterday evening.
3. The concert last night ________ at 7.30 and _________
at 10 o’clock.
96
4. When I was a child, I _________ to be an inventor.
5. Konrad Roentgen _________ from 1845 to 1923.
6. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it _________
badly.
7. Weather was good yesterday afternoon, so we _________
tennis.
8. Pierre Curie _________in 1906.
7.5 Complete these sentences with the verb in the

negative.
1. I saw John but I _________Mary.
2. They worked on Monday but they _________on Tuesday.
3. We went to the library but we _________to the lab.
4. She had a pen but she _________any paper.
5. Jack studied French at school but he _________German.
6. I went to school for the first time when I was seven
but I ________ to school when I was six.
7.6 Use the Past Simple to complete the sentences.

1. When Faraday ___ (work) as an errand boy to a bookseller
he ___ (read) some of the books that ___(pass) through the shop.
2. He ___ (be) particularly interested in works on science and
he ___(begin) to do simple experiments. 3. Besides his own
reading his only education ___ (consist) of some lectures on
natural philosophy and chemistry. 3. Humphry Davy ___ (help)
Faraday to become an assistant at the laboratory at the Royal
Institute where he ___ (begin) original investigations, initially
in chemistry and then in electricity. 4. From 1816 to 1819 he
___ (publish) 37 papers. 5. Faraday___ (become) interested in
electromagnetism in 1821 and ___ (make) some experiments.
6. Though they ___ (be) unsuccessful, the phenomenon___
97
(excite) his interest and he ___ (decide) to study it. 7. In the
summer of 1831, after years of patient and persistent experiments,
Faraday ___(discover) the electromagnetic induction.
7.7 Read the text about the inventor of the telephone. Put
the verbs into the Past Simple.
Alexander Graham Bell ____ (be) born in Edinburgh,
Scotland. His mother ____ (be) deaf, so all his life he ___ (want)
to help his mother hear and speak. Alexander was very clever.
He ___ (can) read and write when he was very young, and he
___ (finish) school when he was 14. At 14 he also ___ (invent)
a “speaking” machine with his brother.
He ____ (study) other inventions, too. One day he ___
(make) a mistake, because he ____ (can not) read German well.
But his mistake ____ (help) him to invent the telephone later!
In 1871 he ____ (leave) Scotland and ____ (go) to Boston,
USA to teach deaf children to speak. He ____ (meet) his assistant
Thomas Watson and he ____ (continue) his experiments.
On 10 March, 1876, Watson and Bell ___ (be) in different
rooms with their machines. Then Watson ___ (hear) Bell’s voice
from the machine. So, Alexander Graham Bell ____ (become)
the inventor of the telephone at the age of 29. Two years later,
there were telephones all over the USA.
7.8 Correct the sentences about Alexander Graham Bell.

1. Alexander Graham Bell was American.
2. He wanted to help his mother to see.
3. He finished school at eighteen.
4. He invented a “writing” machine.
5. He made a mistake reading French.
6. He went to the USA in 1877.
7. Bell heard Watson’s voice from the machine.
8. He invented the telephone at 59.
98
7.9 You are asking somebody questions. Write questions
with did...?
1. I watched TV last night. And you? ________________?
2. I came to my friend’s house. And you? _____________?
3. I enjoyed the party. And you? ____________________?
4. I had a good holiday. And you? ___________________?
5. I got up early this morning. And you? ______________?
6. I slept well last night. And you? ___________________?
7.10 Write questions with Who/What/How/Why...?

1. I met my groupmate. Who ________________________?
2. Harry arrived at 7 p.m. What time _________________?
3. I saw Nick. Who_________ you ___________________?
4. They wanted something. What ____________________?
5. The meeting finished at 3 o’clock. What time _________?
6. We had potatoes for dinner. What _________for dinner?
7. It cost lot of money. How much ___________________?
7.11 Put the verb in the correct form of the past (positive,
negative or interrogative).
1. I (play) tennis yesterday but I (not/win).
2. We (wait) a long time for the bus but it (not/come).
3. That’s a nice shirt. Where (you/buy) it?
4. She (see) me but she (not/speak) to me.
5. (It/rain) yesterday? – No, it was a nice day.
6. That was a stupid thing to do. Why (you/do) it?
7.12 Use the Past Continuous to complete the sentences.

1. – What you (do) yesterday at 15.00?
– I (play) tennis and my brothers (listen to) music.
2. It (rain) when we went out.
3. While he (learn) to drive he had many accidents.
4. When we first met you (study) English.
99
5. Who you (talk to) as I came in? I (talk) to my new secretary.
6. Where he (live) when you saw him last?
7. He (write) a composition when I saw him.
7.13 What were you doing at 3 o’clock? Your sentence

can be positive or negative.
1. watch TV 5. prepare for classes
2. have dinner 6. do an examination
3. attend classes 7. talk on the phone
4. speak English 8. do washing-up
7.14 Put in was / were / wasn’t / weren’t.

1. What did he say? – I don’t know. I ____ listening.
2. It ___ raining, so we didn’t go out.
3. In 2005 they ____ living in Canada.
4. I woke up early yesterday. It was a beautiful morning. The
sun ____shining and the birds ____singing.
5. What ____ Tim doing when you saw him.
6. Ann was at home at 11.00. She ____ watching TV.
7.15 Write Past Participle of these irregular verbs.

1. be 2. have 3. do 4. go 5. come 6. read 7. write 8. get 9. give
10. take 11. meet 12. leave
7.16 Alex Dale is a university lecturer. He is 65 years

old. He has had an interesting life. Write sentences about the
things he has done. Use the Present Perfect.
1. (He / teach / at different colleges) __________________
2. (He / do/a lot of interesting things) _________________
3. (He / write/ ten research papers) ___________________
4. (He / study/ nuclear physics) ______________________
5. (He / meet / a lot of famous scientists) _________________
6. (He / travel / to many places) ______________________
7. (He / be / married five times) ______________________
100
7.17 Make questions with yet and answers with just.
1. meet the new student 2. do your home work 3. finish the
exercise 4. check your email 5. prepare for seminars 6. write an
essay 7. make the dinner 8. do the shopping 9. make a cup of
coffee 10. call a taxi
7.18 Match the lines in A, B, and C.

A B C
1. I’ve known my for three years It’s not bad. I like it.
best friend for an hour We met when we
2. I’ve had this since 1999 were 10.
laptop since the I really need a cup of
3. We’ve used this beginning of the coffee.
book term. Before that it was an
4. We haven’t had for years office.
a break My parents gave it to
5. This building has me for my birthday.
been a school
7.19 Complete the sentences with the correct form of do,

have, or be.
1. ______ he work in New York last year?
2. She is feeling ill so she _____ gone home early.
3. He doesn’t pay for tuition because he _____ got good
grades at exams.
4. I think they _____ working this evening.
5. He _____ worked in lots of different countries.
6. Where _____ the students live during the last term?
7. _____ she live with her family?
8. ______ I met your parents?
9. We _____ going to the office.
101
7.20 Answer these questions about you.
1. Which foreign countries have you been to?
2. Have you ever been on TV?
3. Have you ever met anyone famous?
4. Have you ever driven a car?
5. How long have you been at this school?
6. How long have you known your best friend?
7. What haven’t you learned yet?
8. What have you never done?
7.21 In these sentences the verbs are underlined. Are

they right or wrong? Correct the verbs that are wrong.
1. Tom arrived last week.
2. Have you seen Pam last week?
3. I have finished my work
4. When have you finished your work?
5. George has left school three years ago.
6. Where’s Ann? – She’s gone to the cinema.
7. Have you ever been to Britain?
8. The weather has been very bad last week.
7.22 Put the verb in the Present Perfect or the Past

Simple.
1. My friend is a writer. She (write) many books.
2. We (not/have) a holiday last year.
3. ___ (you/see) Alan last week?
4. I (play) tennis yesterday afternoon.
5. What time (you/go) to bed last night?
6. ___ (you/ever/be) to the United States?
7. ___(wash) my hair before breakfast last morning.
8. When I was a child, I (not/like) sport.
9. Kathy loves traveling. She (visit) many countries.
102
10. John works in a bookshop. He (work) there for three
years.
7.23 Choose the correct answer.

1. Detroit _________Motown in the past.
a) was called
b) is called
c) called
2. Detroit _________as the first capital city of Michigan, but
now Lansing is the capital city of Michigan.
a) chosen
b) was chosen
c) has chosen
3. The university of Michigan is one of the best universities
in the United States and it _________in Ann Arbor.
a) located
b) location
c) is located
4. The results _________ by that scientist.
a) check
b) checking
c) were checked
5. All these questions _________by the students during the
seminar.
a) will discuss
b) were discussed
c) have discussed
6. The binary numeration system _________in various
computers.
a) uses
b) is using
c) is used
7. The binary numeration system _________ by Leibnitz.
103
a) was introduced
b) has introduced
c) introduced
7.24 Translate the following sentences.

1. He developed this idea. The idea developed by him was
interesting. This idea was developed by this scientist. 2. The
teacher helped his students. The students, helped by the teacher,
did their work successfully. The students were helped by their
teacher. 3. They used the same method. The method used by
them was the same. The same method was used by them. 4. We
planned our work. The work planned by us, must be done in time.
The work was planned last week. 5. The system used is new. The
students used another method to check the value. Computer was
used for financial calculations. Various combinations were used
in processing the data. 6. The answer given by the student was
correct. The student was given a grant. 7. They presented the data.
The diagram presented at the conference was very important for
my work. This paper will be presented at the forum tomorrow.
7.25 Put in was / were / did / have / has.

1. Where _________ these computers made?
2. _________ you go out last night?
3. What _________ you doing at 10.30?
4. Where _________ he buy his new printer?
5. Where _________she born?
6. Where _________you born?
7. ________ Chris gone home?
8. What time _________she leave home?
9. What _________ she doing at 7 o’clock yesterday?
10. When _________ this software developed?
11. Why _________they go home early?
12. How long _________ they been married?
104
13. _________ you see Jim last night?
14. _________ you ever seen him?
7.26 Put in is /are/was/were/have/has.

1. Gas ___ imported into Britain.
2. The reports ___ made at the conference.
3. I _________ made some coffee. Would you like some?
4. This research centre _________ built ten years ago.
5. The streets in this town _________cleaned last week.
6. _________you finished your work?
7. Jill _________gone to Italy for a holiday.
8. She’s Italian but she _________ born in France.
9. Can you tell me how this word _________ pronounced?
7.27 Complete the sentences with was /were /did /or had.
1. Computer games ____ developed for pre-school children
to encourage reading and writing skills.
2. 20 students ____selected by computer from general
school population.
3. Computer ____ supposed to create “the paperless office”.
4. The fifth generation of computers ____ introduced in the
mid 1990s.
5. What ____ Rutherford observe in his experiments?
6. Rutherford’s model of the atom ____called nuclear atom.
7. When Rutherford died in 1962, the world of physics knew
that it ____lost one of its greatest figures.
8. What ____the major contributions of Rutherford into
atomic physics?
7.28 Anthony and Beth are discussing a magazine article

about new technologies.
a) Complete their conversation by choosing the correct verb
forms.
105
b) Decide what type of new technology they are discussing
in each part of the conversation (1–4):
Smart homes Artificial Intelligence RFID
Ubiquitous computing Nanotechnology
(1) ___________________
Anthony: Have you seen this article in the New Scientist?
It’s all about new technologies. It’s fascinating.
Beth: Go on, then. How (are our lives going to change/will
our lives be changing)?
Anthony: It’s predicting that pretty soon scientists (are
going/will) to be able to make devices like computers and robots
using single cells and atoms.
Beth: Wow. To do what?
Anthony: Well, they’re talking about being able to treat
diseases at a cellular level by injecting one of these miniature
robots, or using the technology to make new, more flexible
materials from carbon atoms.
Beth: What (will they think of/will they be thinking of) next?
(2) ___________________
Anthony: Well, it’s funny you should ask. The article goes
on to talk about things like robotics and androids.
Beth: Androids?
Anthony: Yeah. It says that by 2050, scientists (will build/
will have built) androids that look like humans and have the
capacity to interact like humans.
Beth: I don’t think I like that idea. I think it (‘ll be/’ll have
been) more trouble than it’s worth. Imagine everything that could
go wrong!
(3) ___________________
Anthony: OK, I think you (’ll like /’ll be liking) this next
one more. How about having a computer that controlled all of the
106
appliances and electronic equipment in our house? It would save
money because the house would know when you weren’t home,
and it’d make sure everything was turned off.
Beth: It (’ll probably be/’ll probably have been) expensive,
though, I imagine.
Anthony: Who knows how much things (will cost/will
be costing) in future! Perhaps (we’ll all have lived/we’ll all be
living) on the Moon by then!
(4) ___________________
Beth: What does that last bit of the article say? The bit with
the photo of that small microchip?
Anthony: Hang on a minute, I (’m going to/’ll) look. Umm
... it’s talking about a type of technology that uses radio waves
and these things called ‘tags’ to identify people.
Beth: People? So they could embed one of these tags in me?
Anthony: Well, in theory, yes. But they’re mainly used
on animals – so you can track your pet if they vanish – and on
products in shops – so that they can stop people stealing.
Beth: Mmm. It still sounds suspicious to me.
Anthony: Well, it does say here that some organizations are
worried about privacy issues.
Beth: I do worry that in the future, governments and big
corporations (will be using/will have used) all of these new types
of technology to keep us under control.
Anthony: You worry too much. Here, you finish the article.
I (’ll make/’ll be making) us a nice cup of tea.

1. Эдисон изобрёл телеграфный повторитель в 17 лет.
2. Русский изобретатель Попов создал радио. 3. Наблю-
дали, что небесные тела двигаются по кругу. 4. Фарадей
впервые продемонстрировал электромагнитный мотор.
5. ХХ век – век многочисленных изобретений и новшеств
107
6. Изобретение компьютера изменило нашу жизнь. 7. Те-
лекоммуникационные технологии используются в образо-
вании. 8. Изобретение интегральной микросхемы (IC chip)
является одним из самых важных достижений науки. 9. Со-
временные научные исследования улучшают нашу жизнь.
10. К сожалению, новшества и изобретения могут отрица-
тельно влиять на развитие человечества. 11. Ядерное ору-
жие является результатом развития науки. 12. Исследования
в области медицины спасли миллионы жизней. 13. Знание
математики помогало многим художникам создавать их про-
изведения. 14. Информационные технологии – это система
методов и способов сбора, передачи, накопления, обработ-
ки, хранения, представления и использования информации.
15. Александр Грейам Белл стал изобретателем телефона
в 29 лет.
108
Unit 4. Click and talk!
1.1 Identify the basic parts of a computer. Match the

words to the pictures. Name the computer parts and translate
them into Russian.
Mouse, DVD-ROM, laptop, printer, USB flash drive,

keyboard, monitor, tower, mouse mat, speakers.
1.2 Read the words and put them into three columns.
Monitor, USB flash drive, mouse, scanner, CD, plotter,
keyboard, hard disk, printer, DVD, speakers, microphone,
webcam.
Input devices Output devices Storage devices

…………. …. printer… ………………
1.3 Complete the sentences using the words from exercise

1.2. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Laser ___ produce output at great speed and with a very
high resolution. 2. My ___ has a flat LCD screen. 3. Computer
___ includes many special command and function keys. 4. A ___
allows you to click the cursor and move around the screen very
quickly. 5. Engineers use ___ to draw very detailed designs and
technical illustrations on paper. 6. This small external ___ can be
used with any computer that has via USB port 7. A ___ can hold
109
several gigabytes of data. 8. When handling ___ or ___ , hold the
disks around the edge. 9. It’s so easy to use a ___ for transferring
pictures and texts into a computer. 10. A ___ can be attached to
a computer to record sound. 11. By connecting the camera to
your PC, you can also use it as a ___. 12. ___ typically come in
pairs, which allows them to produce stereo sound.
1.4 Add another word, abbreviation, or part of a word

from the box, to complete common ‘computer’ words and
phrases.
electronic Provider device disk user drive top line desk board load
copy site ware processor sheet printer CD home output
1. soft … 2. word …. 3. hard … 4. …. – friendly 5. … –
ROM 6. disk … 7. … device 8. input … 9. laser … 10. … mail
11. lap… 12. web… 13. key… 14. down… 15. Internet Service
… 16. back-up … 17. on… 18. … top 19. spread… 20. … page
1.5 Match the words in column A with their definitions

in column B.
A B
1. disk drive a. a name you can use to enter a computer
system
2. hardware b. part of a computer, on which pictures
or words are shown
3. username c. a device inside a computer that stores
large amounts of information
4. screen d. an electronic page of information
5. software e. sending and receiving messages
through the Internet
6. laptop f. computer equipment or machinery
7. the Internet g. an apparatus that allows information
to be read from a disk or stored
110
8. hard disk h. a lightweight portable computer that
usually fits in a briefcase
9. Web page i. a network connecting millions of
computers worldwide
10. e-mail j. programs that you put into a computer
to make it run
1.6 Complete the sentences using the words from exercise

1.5. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. All ___ available on the World Wide Web are similar
to magazine pages. 2. Using ___ in classrooms will help the
students to learn to type quickly and accurately, they can record
notes much faster than writing by hand. 3. I downloaded a good
program from ___ the other day. Would you like a copy? 4. He
couldn’t enter his computer system because he forgot a ___
5. Special type of ___ is recommended for people with disabilities.
6. ___ allows me to exchange messages with my British friends.
7. Built-in ___ are used for more permanent storage of larger
amounts of data and programs for fast access. 8. The ___ is the
most popular input-output device used today because it works
as both an input and output device for interactive processing.
9. ___ are used to handle DVDs and CDs. 10. The electronic and
mechanical parts that make up a computer system are called ___.
1.7 Which devices would you use for these tasks? Which
are input, output and storage devices?
1. to select text and click on web pages ___
2. to store pictures and then download them to a computer
___
3. to enter text information into the computer and to type
a report ___
4. to record sound ___
111
5. to draw detailed designs (maps, technical illustrations) on
paper ___
6. to display output from the computer ___
7. to store large amounts of information inside the computer
___
8. to play sound and to hear things on the computer ___
9. for portable storage, data back-up and transfer of computer
files ___
10. to chat with friends ___
1.8 Read the collocations below and cross out the

collocation in each group that is not commonly used when
talking about computers.
1. create a new password a new document a new printer
2. print out a hard copy a soft copy a document
3. attach a file an email a document
4. visit a chatroom a website your mouse
5. save delete surf cut and paste text
6. download hardware software a file
7. upgrade your software your hardware the menu
8. type in a key word the keyboard your password
9. click on an icon type a hyperlink
10. open forward delete post an email
1.9 What do these abbreviations stand for? Make up

sentences using them.
ROM, RAM, VDU, CPU, PC, ALU, GUI, HD, FTP, USB,
CD, DVD, LCD, WWW, HTTP, API, URL.
1.10 Form nouns from the following verbs.

1. compute 2. calculate 3. browse 4. scan 5. print 6. plot
7. communicate 8. program 9. hack 10. use 11. operate
112
1.11 Change the form of the word in capital letters to fill
in the gaps. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Laser ____ (PRINT) is quite fast. 2. (PLOT) are special
kind of (PRINT). 3. (COMPUTE) have many applications in
a great variety of fields. 4. If the first (CALCULATE) is wrong,
we’ll make a second better. 5. Moreover, the (COMPUTE) of
these amounts is difficult because of the some reasons. 6. My
cousin Nick is a senior (PROGRAM) at Intelligent Software.
7. Bar code (SCAN) are widely used in big supermarkets. 8. Today
people’s (COMMUNICATE) is impossible without using e-mail.
9. Web (BROWSE) warn you if the connection is not secure.
10. A person who obtains unauthorized access to computer data
is a (HACK). 11. A (COMMUNICATE) is an electronic device
enabling individuals with physical disabilities to communicate
through LED displays, printed or electronic messages, or
synthetic speech. 12. International Mercury Computers requires
a highly communicative computer (OPERATE). 13. The original
BASIC language was adopted by many (PROGRAM) because it
was (USE)-friendly and easy to learn.

2.1 Read the international words and guess their meaning.
Electronic, computer, information, million, problem, second,
chemical, form, visit, sphere, business, industry, medicine,
machine, operation, mathematical, mathematics, student,
financial, material, document, personal, operator, formula,
program, technology, instruction.

the following words and word combinations. Write the words
in phonetic transcription.
Electronic device, perform calculations, process information,
complicated problem, chemical formula, ancient text, teaching
113
machine, science, access, courses, design, language, processor,
records, appropriate, hardware, software, financial calculations,
magical typewriter, legal document, entertainment, although,
performance, increasingly, society, efforts.
2.3 What parts of speech are the following words? Put

them into the correct column. Translate the words.
Computer, electronic, calculation, information,
mathematical, administrative, processor, teacher, financial,
typewriter, magical, personal, communicator, instruction,
operator, entertainment, operation, incredibly, useful, chemical,
different, daily, performance, education, increasingly, equipment,
application.
Noun Adjective Adverb

…….. …… …………
What can computers do?

Computer is an electronic device
that performs calculations and processes
information. This new servant of man
has already changed the lives of
millions of people around the world. It
can solve complicated problems at
incredibly high speeds. The fastest
computers are able to process millions
of pieces of information in seconds.
A computer can process many kinds of information, from book
titles to chemical formulas and words from ancient Greek texts.
It operates all such data in the form of numbers.
114
Computers have become part of our everyday lives: we
visit shops and offices which have been designed with the help
of computers, we read magazines which have been produced on
computer, and we pay bills prepared by computers.
This electronic device is able to do many different tasks,
that’s why it has many uses in different spheres. In education, as
well as in business and industry, medicine and science, computers
play an important part in almost every type of operation. For
example, they can be used as teaching machines. Computers can
help students perform mathematical operations and solve difficult
questions. They can be used to access the Internet, teach courses
such as computer-aided design, language learning, programming,
mathematics, etc. PCs are also used for administrative purposes:
for example, schools use databases and word processors to keep
records of students, teachers and materials.
Each time you turn your computer with appropriate hardware
and software on, it is capable of doing anything you ask. It is
a calculating machine that speeds up financial calculations. It is
a magical typewriter that allows you to type and print any kind
of document – letters, memos or legal documents. It is a personal
communicator that enables you to interact with other computers
and with people around the world. It’s а small lab that helps you
edit photos and movies. Many people now work at home, and
they communicate with their office by computer and telephone.
This is called ‘teleworking’. If you like gadgets and electronic
entertainment, you can even use your PC to relax with computer
games.
Although a computer can do many things, it cannot think.
A human operator has to instruct the computer exactly what to
do with the data. Such instructions are called a program. The
operator must check the performance of the computer in many
cases.
115
Computers play an increasingly important role in society.
The future will bring many changes in computer technology and
applications, which will help man in his efforts to improve this
world.

for the following Russian words and phrases.
Электронное устройство, выполнять вычисления, обра-
батывать информацию, решать сложные задачи, с невероятно
высокой скоростью, древнегреческие тексты, данные, про-
ектировать с помощью компьютеров, оплачивать счета, вы-
полнять различные задачи, использоваться в разных сферах,
обучающая машина, выполнять математические действия,
получить доступ в Интернет, автоматизированное проекти-
рование, программирование, в целях руководства, базы дан-
ных, текстовой процессор, вести учет, включать компьютер,
аппаратное оборудование («железо»), программное обеспе-
чение, пишущая машинка, служебная записка, юридический
документ, взаимодействовать с, редактировать фотографии,
дистанционная (виртуальная) работа, компьютерные игры,
техническая новинка, команда, проверять работу компьюте-
ра, играть важную роль в обществе.
2.6 Insert suitable words from the text into these phrases.
1. ___ device 14. to perform ___
2. to process ___ operations
3. to solve ___ problems 15. ___ the Internet
4. to change the lives of ___ 16. computer- ___ design
5. to process information in 17. data ___
___ 18. ___ processor
6. ___ formulas 19. appropriate ___ and ___
7. in ___ of numbers 20. calculating ___
21. to type and print ___
116
8. to design with the help of 22. ___ communicator
___ 23. to interact with ___
9. ___ on computer 24. to relax with ___
10. to do ___ tasks 25. to check ___ of the
11. ___ uses in different computer
spheres 26. to play an ___ role
12. in every type of ___
13. to be used as ___

1. Computer is an electronic device that can solve ___ and
process ___. 2. Computer is capable of doing many tasks. That’s
why it has become ___ 3. My friend reads magazines which
have been produced on ___. 4. Our teachers use computers to
___ 5. This calculating machine speeds up ___. 6. A computer
is a personal ___ that enables us to interact with ___. 7. Many
users relax with ___. 8. A computer cannot ___. 9. This magical
device allows us to type and print ___. 10. Computers are able
to process information in ___. 11. Instructions of a computer are
called a ___. 12. This small lab helps us ___. 13. Computers help
man ___.
2.8 Agree or disagree with the statements below. In

case of disagreement correct them. Work in pairs. Use the
introductory phrases:
I (quite) agree. That’s true. Yes, I think so. Absolutely (true).
That’s right. I share this viewpoint. Exactly. Quite so.
I disagree. I don’t quite agree. I’m afraid I can’t agree
with you here. I don’t think so. That’s false. That’s not quite
right. That’s wrong. That’s not exactly so. Quite the contrary.
Not quite so.
1. Computer can solve complicated problems at incredibly
low speeds. 2. Computers are used in many spheres. 3.
117
A computer can think. 4. Computers are never used as teaching
machines. 5. Computer operates all data in the form of letters.
6. A human operator has to instruct the computer what to do. 7.
Computers can be used to teach programming and mathematics.
8. A computer can process book titles. 9. A computer is capable
of doing anything we ask. 10. Most computers are used as
typewriters. 11. Computers play a very important role in society.
2.9 Choose the best variant to complete the sentences.

1. A computer has changed the lives of ___
a. millions of people; b. thirty thousand people; c. teachers.
2. A computer can process ___
a. equipment; b. operators; c. information.
3. A computer can do many things but it can’t ___
a. read; b. play; c. think.
4. Schools use computers ___
a. to relax with computer games; b. to keep records of
students and teachers; c. to process ancient Greek texts.
5. The fastest computers are able to process information ___
a. in minutes; b. in seconds; c. in hours.
6. As a calculating machine computer ___
a. types documents; b. reads magazines; c. speeds up
financial calculations.
2.10 Answer the following questions using information

from the text.
1. What is a computer? 2. What kinds of information can
a computer process? 3. Where does a computer have many uses?
4. A computer can think, can’t it? 5. What tasks is this electronic
device able to do? 6. Who has to instruct the computer what
to do? 7. How can computers help teachers? 8. What role do
computers play in society? 9. What problems are computers able
to solve? 10. What can computers print? 11. How are computers
118
used for work and entertainment? 12. What is a program? 13.
How are computers used in your university? 14. How do you use
a computer?

phrases:
The title of the text is …
The text deals with … (speaks about…, presents…, shows…,
is devoted to …, gives some information on …, discusses).
I think… In my opinion …
2.12 What can computers do in different spheres?

Think of some other spheres of computer application. Make
sentences.
Example: In the office, computers are used to write letters
and e-mails.
1. In the office financial planning.

play computer games.
2. In schools and calculating the bills
universities and some specific
operations.
computers are publish and complete
used to (for) exercises online.
3. In business multimedia (listening to
music, enjoying videos).
write letters and e-mails.
4. In entertainment teach arts and sciences
keep records of clients
and employees.
119
2.13 Look at the different uses of computers below.
Circle what you like to use computers for. Think of two or
three more uses.
1. send e-mail 2. write letters 3. do university work 4. surf
the Web 5. shop 6. play games 7. ___ 8. ___
2.14 Read the text. Do the assignments that follow.
Elements of the computer system
Computers are electronic machines which can accept data

in a certain form, process the data and give the results of the
processing in a specified format as information. Three basic steps
are involved in the process. First, data is fed into the computer’s
memory. Then, when the program is run, the computer performs
a set of instructions and processes the data. Finally, we can see
the results on the screen or in printed form.
Information in the form of data and programs is known as
software, and the electronic and mechanical parts that make up
a computer system are called hardware. A standard computer
system consists of three main sections: the central processing
unit (CPU), the main memory and the peripherals.
Perhaps the most influential component is the central
processing unit. This is the electronic unit at the center of
a computer system. It contains the processor and the main
memory. Its function is to execute program instructions and
120
coordinate the activities of all the other units. It is the ‘brain’ of
the computer. The main memory holds the instructions and data
which are currently being processed by the CPU. However, it
only stores information while the computer is switched on and
it has a limited capacity. The peripherals are the physical units
attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input/
output devices.
Storage devices (USB, hard or optical disks) provide
a permanent storage of both data and programs. The disk drive
on a computer is the part into which a disk can be inserted. Input
devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory. The most
common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard. Output
devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system.
For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or
prints the results onto paper by means of a printer.
On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into
which we can plug a wide range of peripherals – modems, fax
machines, optical drives and scanners.
These are the main physical units of a computer system,
generally known as the configuration.
2.15 Match the words in A with their Russian equivalents

in B.
A: 1. to process the data 2. processing 3. computer’s memory
4. to run a program 5. in printed form 6. software 7. hardware
8. central processing unit (CPU) 9. the main memory
10. peripherals 11. the most influential component 12. to store
information 13. storage device 14. input device 15. output device
16. scanner 17. rear panel 18. to switch on a computer
B: 1. внешнее оборудование 2. устройство ввода
3. сканер 4. обрабатывать данные 5. программное обеспе-
чение 6. память компьютера 7. самый важный компонент 8.
устройство вывода 9. хранить информацию 10. централь-
121
ный процессор (ЦП) 11. запоминающее устройство 12. ап-
паратное оборудование 13. в печатной форме 14. запускать
программу 15. обработка 16. оперативная память (опера-
тивное запоминающее устройство) 17. включать компьютер
18. задняя панель
2.16 Read the sentences and decide if they are true or

false.
1. Four basic steps are involved into the functioning of
a computer system. 2. The main memory is the ‘brain’ of the
computer. 3. The mechanical parts making up the computer
system are known as hardware. 4. A standard computer system
consists of three main sections. 5. The CPU contains the
processor. 6. Output devices are the peripherals. 7. Hard disks
are input devices. 8. The most common input device is a printer.
9. Monitor is an output device. 10. Ports for scanners and printers
are on the rear panel of the computer.
2.17 Use the information from the text and match

the terms in the box with the appropriate explanation or
definition below.
a. software b. peripheral devices c. monitor d. USB flash drive
e. hardware f. input g. port h. output i. central processing unit
1. The brain of the computer. _____
2. Physical parts that make up a computer system. ____
3. Programs which can be used on a particular computer
system. ____
4. The information which is presented to the computer.
______
5. Results produced by a computer. _____
6. Hardware equipment attached to the CPU. _____
7. Visual display unit. _____
122
8. Small external device that can be used to store information.
_____
9. Any socket or channel in a computer system into which an
input/output device may be connected. _____
2.18 Match each component in column A with its function

in column B. Make up the sentences.
A B
1. Storage device a. It displays the processed
data.
2. Input device b. It holds the programs
and data being used by the
processor.
3. Output device c. It does all the processing and
controls the peripherals.
4. Main memory d. It allows data to be entered.
5. Processor e. It provides permanent
storage for programs and data.

1. What can computers do? 2. What three steps are involved
into the processing of information? 3. What is software? 4. What
is hardware? 5. What are the functions of the CPU, the main
memory and the peripherals? 6. What do the peripherals include?
7. What storage devices, input and output devices do you know?
8. What is there on the rear panel of the computer? 9. Do you
have a computer at home, school or work? What are the main
components and the configuration of your computer?
2.20 Draw a diagram of a computer system. Be ready to
describe it.
123
2.21 Read the following questions about the Internet.
Match each question (A) with two items that could be used in
possible answers (B).
A B
1. What is the Internet? nuclear war
2. How did the Internet start? Web pages
3. What is the most popular security
Internet service? absence of information
control
4. What is the WWW? computer network
5. What are the problems of sending e-mail messages
the Internet? addiction
6. Are there any negative military experiment
effects of the Internet? global network
encoding programs
exchanging texts and pictures
browser
2.22 Read the text and find the answers to the questions
from the previous exercise.
Introduction to the Internet

We live in a multi-media society. The Internet has changed
the way we live and work. But these are early days for the
Internet. We don’t know how much it is still changing the world.
More than half a billion people use it, and the number of people
who are online increases by 100 million every year.
This global computer network
began in the United States in 1969 as
a military experiment. It was designed
to survive a nuclear war. It allowed
information to move freely around
a military computer network.
124
The Internet is a network of millions of computers linked
together by telephone lines, fiberoptic cables, satellite, and
microwave connections. The Internet is a large high-speed
network of smaller networks of computers.
One of the most valuable functions of the Internet is its
information function. There is much high-quality information
that can help us understand many fields of study: science,
medicine, the arts and so on. In this global network you can find
any information in a few minutes. The Internet keeps people
informed about current events, as well as the latest achievements
in science and culture. The Internet provides us with a pleasant
way to relax and spend our free time. Recently a system of distance
learning became popular. You can study foreign languages and
even study in universities. Individual educational programs can
be developed for you.
Many popular services are available on the Internet. The
most popular Internet service is e-mail. E-mail is your personal
connection to the Internet. Most of the people, who have access
to the Internet, use the network for sending and receiving e-mail
messages. It allows you to exchange messages with people all
over the world. It can include text, pictures, and even audio and
animation. The mail you receive is stored on the server of your
ISP (Internet Service Provider) until you connect and download
it to your hard disk.
The World Wide Web, usually called the Web, is the part of
the Internet where millions of Web pages containing text, images,
and sound from people all over the world are connected. One
of the world’s most important inventions was ‘born’ in March
1989 thanks to a British computer scientist called Tim Berners-
Lee. The Web is a hyper-based system where you can find news,
pictures, online shopping, virtual museums – any topic you can
imagine. A typical Web page looks like a magazine page, but
with your mouse you can click on “live” areas on the page to go
125
to a new screen. You navigate through the Web using a program
called a ‘browser’, which allows you to search and print Web
pages. You can also click on keywords or buttons that take you
to other destinations on the net. With the Web, everyone who
has Internet access is connected and anyone can contribute to the
information on it.
With FTP software you can copy programs, games, images
and sounds from the hard disk of a remote computer to your
hard disk. Today this utility is built into Web browsers. A Telnet
program is used to log directly into remote computer systems.
This enables you to run programs kept on them and edit files
directly.
Audio and video chatting and videoconferencing programs
enable users to talk to, see each other, communicate, and
collaborate.
The most important problem of the Internet is security.
When you send an e-mail message to somebody, this message
can travel through many different networks and computers. It is
possible to get into any of computers along the route, intercept
and even change the data. In spite of the fact that there are many
strong encoding programs available, nearly all the information is
sent over the Internet without any form of encoding.
The most negative effect of the Internet is people’s addiction
to it. People feel a strange and powerful need to spend time on
the network. Addiction to a computer screen is similar to drug or
alcohol addiction. One more disadvantage of the Internet is the
absence of information control. Children and teenagers receive
wide access to different sites with violence.
However, there are still both advantages and disadvantages
of the Internet. We have to make choice and effectively use the
opportunities of the Internet in our time.
126
2.23 Look through the text and find English or Russian
equivalents for the following words and phrases.
1. ……………. глобальная компьютерная
сеть
2. multi-media society ……………………………..
3. ………………….. военный эксперимент
4. …………………….. оптоволоконный кабель
5. high-speed network ………………………..
6. information function ………………………..
7. ……………………… высококачественная
информация
8. distance learning …………………………….
9. ………………….. получение и отправление
электронных сообщений
10. to download to the hard ...………………………..
disk
11. …………………… веб-страница
12. to click on keywords ……………………..
(buttons)
13. ………………………. кодирующая программа
14. to log into a computer …………………….
system
15. security …………………….
16. …………………. получать доступ к
17. Internet access ……………………
18. absence of information …………………….
control
19. ……………………. преимущества
и недостатки
20. addiction ……………………….
2.24 Choose the best variant to complete the sentences.

1. The number of people who are online increases by ___
a. 100 million; b. 200 million; c. half a billion.
127
2. A global computer network began ___
a. in 2000; b. in 1973; c. in 1969.
3. One of the most valuable functions of the Internet is ___.
a. control function; b. mathematical function; c. information
function.
4. The most popular Internet service is ___
a. e-mail; b. FTP; c. Gopher.
5. The most important problem of the Internet is ___
a. e-mail messages; b. security; c. distant learning.
6. The most negative effect of the Internet is ___
a. people’s addiction; b. sending e-mail; c. choosing websites.
2.25 Read the sentences and decide if they are true or

false.
1. The Internet is still changing the world. 2. The Internet was
designed to survive the Second World War. 3. We know exactly
how many people use the Internet. 4. There is much high-quality
information in this global computer network. 5. The Internet
is widely used in science. 6. FTP is a popular Internet service.
7. There is no difference between the World Wide Web and the
Internet? 8. The most important Internet problem is security.
9. One of the advantages of the Internet is the absence of
information control. 10. There are both advantages and
disadvantages of the Internet. 11. We live in a multi-media
society.
2.26 Which of Internet utility would you use to do each

of these tasks (a to f)?
1. e-mail a. send a message to another
person via the Internet
2. Web browser b. transfer files from the Internet
to your hard disk
128
3. chat program c. have a live conversation on the
Internet
4. FTP software d. connect to a remote computer
by entering certain instructions
and run programs on it
5. videoconferencing e. view Web pages on the Internet
f. participate in live conversations,
6.Telnet using text, audio and video

phrases:
The title of the text is … The text deals with … (speaks
about…, presents…, shows…, is devoted to …, gives some
information on …, discusses).
I think… In my opinion …
Listening
3.1 Listen to the text. Fill in the gaps with the words.
resembling impatient called reported concluded addicted
negatively changing
A. The New York Times has (1) ____ on a problem that many
of us have but are not aware of – Internet addiction. According
to reporter Tara Parker-Pope, millions of us are (2) ____ to being
online. She says this is a growing problem that is making us more
forgetful and (3) ____. Ms Parker-Pope writes about various
reports highlighting how technology is (4) ____ people. In one,
she quotes cyber-psychologist Dr. Elias Aboujaode who says:
“More and more, life is (5)_____ the chat room.” He said we are
living in “virtual lifestyles” which is (6) _____affecting our real-
life relationships. Nicki Dowling, a clinical psychologist from
129
Melbourne University in Australia, (7) ____ in a recent study that
ten per cent of young people had what she (8) ______ “Internet
dependence”.
telltale instead compared quizzed complain interaction
absorbed sure
B. Tara Parker-Pope (9) ____ experts in this field on what
the signs are of being overly (10) _____ in technology. She came
up with seven indicators of “tech overload”. The first is whether
you check our e-mail before doing other things. Another (11)
____ sign is if you always anticipate and look forward to your
next online visit – a (12) ____ sign of dependence and addiction.
The third point is if you say, “just a few more minutes” when
someone wants you. Parker-Pope found your (13) ______with
others also says a lot about how important the Internet is (14)
____ with family and friends; do you lie about how much time
you spend online or choose to surf the Net (15) ___ of go out with
others? Other giveaways include the “online lift” that stops you
being unhappy, and when others (16) _____ about you always
being online.
3.2. Read the sentences. Guess if a-h below are true (T)
or false (F).
1. Most people know about the problem of being addicted
to the Internet.
2. A reporter said there are thousands of online addicts.
3. A cyber-psychologist said life is getting to become like
a chat room.
4. A researcher found 10% of youngsters are addicted to the
Web.
5. The reporter found seven giveaway signs of Internet
addiction.
6. One sign is asking for an extra few hours online.
130
7. Lying about how much time you spend online suggests
you’re addicted. 8. Another sign is when you feel the need to lift
up your laptop.
Everyday English
4.1 Look at the list of things you can do on the World
Wide Web. Which of these things would you like to do?
Answer “Yes” or “No” and add two or more items to the list.
1. meet people Yes No
2. get the latest news …. ….
3. order a meal …. …..
4. find a job … ….
5. go shopping … ….
6. make travel plans …. …..
7. ______________
8. ______________
Compare your answers with a partner.

A: Do you know you can order a meal on the Web?
B: Really? or Yes, I do.
A: Would you like to order a meal on the Web?
B: Yes, I would. or No, I wouldn’t.
4.2 Ask your partner these questions. Compare your

answers with a partner.
1. Have you ever surfed the Web? What are your favorite
web sites?
2. What web sites do you visit to chat with friends?
3. Which social networks are you interested in?
4. Do you talk with strangers during web chats?
5. Do you use your real name or a nickname?
6. How long do you usually spend on the Web?
131
4.3 Learn how to pronounce the common symbols used
in web addresses and emails. Dictate these five email and
webpage addresses to your partner. Then listen and write
down the addresses that your partner gives you.
@ – at .com – dot com .co.uk – dot co dot uk .org – dot org
a_b – underscore a-b – hyphen or dash / – forward slash \ – back
slash ABC – upper case abc – lower case abccommunications –
abc communications all one word
1. Kesh.Prithi@Vera_publications.co.uk
2. www.bright-ideas.org.uk/catalogue
3. B.Spears@musicawards.com
4. sandrahernandez@lotus-flower-fashion.org
5. www.videoclips.co.uk/CHANNEL2
4.4 Where can you find the following information? Look

at the tasks and choose the most suitable Website from the
cyber list. Make up the sentences.
1. Read about environmental problems.
2. Get news reports.
3. Find out about specific hardware and software.
4. Make flight reservations.
5. Read about films and Hollywood awards.
6. Search for web addresses.
a. http://www.yahoo.com/
b. http://www.greenpeace.org/
c. http://www.ibm.com/
d. http://www.gofly.com/
e. http://www.telegragh.co.uk/
f. http://www.oscars.org/
132
4.5 Answer these questions about the computer you are
using. Be ready to tell how and when you use your computer
and the keys.
1. What brand is your computer?
_______________________________________________
2. What is the operating system of your computer?
DOS MacOS Windows Other _______________
3. Which Web browser does your computer use?
Google Chrome  Mozilla Firefox Other _______
4. How many buttons are there on your mouse?
1 2 more
5. Does your computer have a CD-ROM drive?
Yes No
6. Can you find these keys on your keyboard? Check each
key as you find it.
return (enter) space bar shift tab delete control
(ctrl) escape (esc)  – (hyphen or dash). (dot), (comma):
(colon) ) (right paranthesis)  / (slash) @ (“at”symbol) 
\ (back slash)
Speaking
5.1 Discuss the following things.
A. How much time do you spend on the Internet each day?
Is it too much? Why (not)?
B. Look at these different activities that people do on the
Internet in their free time. Which ones do you do regularly?
Rank them from the most useful (1) to the least useful (7).
Then decide which activities are most enjoyable for you.
– Reading the news
– Watching funny videos
– Checking and writing emails
– Checking and updating social media
133
– Watching TV series or films
– Chatting with friends online
C. If you had to live for a week without access to the Internet,
how would your week be different? What would be most difficult
for you? Would there be any advantages?
D. Is the Internet better for entertainment or education and
information? Why?
5.2 Study the format of the Internet address. Ask five

or six students to tell you their names and E-mail addresses.
Make a dialogue with a partner.
Example:
A: Hi! What’s your name?
B: Tiffany, t-i-double f-a-n-y.
A: And what’s your E-mail address?
B: tiffany@mail.sendanet.uk (“tiffany at mail dot sendanet
dot u-k”)
tiffany – user name or nickname
mail.sendanet – the computer system where the user gets
e-mail. ‘Sendanet’ is an Internet service provider.
uk – tells people that the company is based in the United
Kingdom.
5.3 Read the dialogue. Pay attention to conversational

phrases in italics. Answer the question: “What computer
problem did Helen have?”
− Hi, Mark.
− Hi, Helen. How are you?
− Fine thanks. Mark, I need your help.
− What’s the problem?
134
− I have problems with my computer and I know you are
very good at solving them. Yesterday I was writing my essay for
tomorrow’s lesson and suddenly my computer crashed and I lost
all my work! Do you think it’s possible to get it back?
− Did you make a back-up copy of your work?
− I’m afraid I forgot.
− I’m sorry, Helen, but I can’t see any way of getting your
essay back. Remember that you always have to make a back-up
copy of your work.
− I know, but I always forget about it.
− Do you use a computer a lot at school?
− I write all my essays and exercises on the computer but
I think it is not user-friendly. Moreover, it has become obsolete
and I have to replace it.
− That’s true, technology advances are so fast that the
computer I bought last year is already old-fashioned.
− Do you have access to the Internet at home?
− Yes, I do. I send e-mails to my friends around the world.
Do you often use the Internet?
− I have access to the Internet at school and I often surf the
net to find some information that I need for my work. Sometimes
I spend hours on the Internet.
− That’s true. You can forget about the whole world while
using a computer and the Internet.
− All right, I have to go and write a new essay. This time
I won’t forget to make an extra copy on a USB flash drive. See
you later!
− Bye!
Topics for discussion:
1. Computer applications.
2. Computer system.
3. The Internet: pros and cons.
4. Popular jobs in IT sphere.
135
Writing
6.1 Read the header of the e-mail and identify the sender,
the recipient and the line that describes the content. Is there
an attached file? Fill in the missing words from the box below.
Attached From Cc Subject
To: Marie MacDonald
<mmacdonald@cambridge.org>
_____: Harriet Dufton hdufton@mellor.net
_____: The Internet and education
____: annbarber@mail.com
Bcc: _____: C:\My Documents\map.doc;
Dear Marie,
I am new to the Internet. I have to prepare a project about
the Internet and education, but I haven’t got much experience on
Internet connection. Could you help me with this project?
I would be very grateful if you could inform me about the
uses of the Internet in schools. What Internet utilities would you
recommend for me?
I look forward to hearing from you.
Best wishes,
Harriet.
6.2. Imagine you’ve just bought a computer. Write an

e-mail to your friend telling him about your new computer
and its system. Ask some questions.
6.3. Read the CV and match the headings A – H to the
parts of the document (1 – 8).
Curriculum vitae (CV)

A. Personal information
B. IT skills
136
C. Work experience
D. Education and Training
E. Hobbies and Interests
F. Languages
G. Personal skills
H. References
Curriculum vitae (CV)
1.________
Name: Carmen Enamorado
Address: Avida Seneca, 5, Madrid 28040
Telephone: 00 34 92 5645201
Email: cenamorado0782@telefonica.net
Date of birth: 28/07/82
2.___________
2006 Online diploma in web-based technology for business,
www.elearnbusiness.com
2005 Course in web design at the Cybernetics College,
London: HTML, Java and Micromedia Dreamweaver
2004 Course in computer hardware and networking at the
Cybernetics College, London
1999 – 2004 Degree in Computer Science and Engineering,
University of Madrid
3._________
January 2006 – present Part-time Webmaster at www.leo.es;
responsible for updating the site and using Adobe
Flash to create animation
May 2005 – December 2006 IT consultant at Media Market,
specializing in e-commerce and IT strategies
4.____________
Knowledge of multiple computer platforms (Windows, Mac
and Linux); strong database skills; complete
137
understanding of graphics formats and Cascading Style
Sheets
5._________
Social and organizational skills. Good communication skills.
6. ________
Spanish mother tongue; English (Cambridge CAE); Arabic
(fluent)
7. __________
Web surfing, listening to music and travelling
8. _____
Damian Santiano, Manager, leo.es
Sam Jales, Lecturer, Cybernetics College
Self-study
Find information about the uses of the Internet in British
and American schools and universities. Be ready to present this
information to your groupmates.
Grammar
7.1 Сomplete these sentences with a suitable verb form.
1. COBOL (use) ______for business applications in the
1960s.
2. Original programs (write) ______ in a high-level language.
3. All computer languages (translate) ______ into binary
commands.
4. The ADA language (develop) ______in 1979.
5. In the 1970s, new languages such as LISP and PROLOG
(design) ______for research into Artificial Intelligence.
6. A new version of TurboPascal (release) ______ just______.
7. In the next century, computers (program) ______in natural
languages like English or French.
138
7.2 Complete the telephone conversation with verbs: am,
do, does, is, have, has, is, was, and did.
D. Good afternoon, Computer Helpline, Damian speaking.
How can I help you?
P. Oh, at last! Hello, Damian. I (1) ____got a real problem
with my computer. It (2) ____ (not) working at all!
D. OK, OK. Tell me your name and your company name and
describe what (3) ____happened.
P. My name’s Phil Evans. I (4) ____ (not) work for a company,
I’m self-employed. I am working at home, and I (5)____trying
to meet an important deadline at the moment. This morning I (6)
____working away happily, when suddenly everything stopped
and a message came up on the screen. Then the screen went
blank.
D. OK Phil, (7) ____ (not) worry! What (8) ____ the message
say?
P. I can’t remember exactly, because I (9) ____ (not)
understand it, but I think it said something about not enough
memory.
D. It’s OK, Phil. I think I know what the problem is. Tell me,
Phil, (10) ____ you switched the computer off?
P. No, I (11) ____ (not). It’s still on.
D. Fine, Phil. Now do exactly what I say. Go to your
computer, OK? Can you see a “W” in the top right-hand corner?
Click on that “W” with the mouse. What (12) ____ it say? Can
you read it to me?
P. There’s a list of three things. First it says...
7.3 Read the passage below and complete it with the

correct form of the verbs.
call can introduce rename develop be have support
begin base
139
The idea for Java started in 1990 when a team of software
engineers at Sun Microsystems (1) ______ to create a language
for a handheld device that could control and interact with various
kinds of electronic appliances ranging from Nintendo game
boys to VCRs and TV set-top boxes. They (2) ______ an object-
oriented programming language that Gosling (3) ______ ‘Oak’,
after the tree outside his window. The company made a web
browser (4) ______on the Oak language. Later on, this language
was adapted to the Internet and (5) ______ ‘Java’. The 1.0
version of Java was officially (6) ______ by Sun in May 1995.
At that time, web pages (7) ______ only display text,
pictures and hyperlinks. With the arrival of Java, web designers
(8) ______ able to include animation and interactive programs
on web pages. The first major application created with Java was
the Hot java browser. The Java language (9) ______ to attract
serious attention from the Internet community and was soon (10)
______by Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Today Java is a hot technology that runs on any computer.
7.4 Read the passage and complete it with the verbs in

brackets in the correct form.
A description of Visual BASIC

Visual BASIC is a programming language and an
environment (1) (develop) ______ by Microsoft in 1990. It
(2) (use) ______ to create applications for Windows operating
systems. The name ‘BASIC’ (3) (stand) ______ for Beginner’s
All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. The original BASIC
language (4) (create) ______ in 1965 and adopted by many
programmers and PC manufacturers because it was user-friendly
and easy to learn.
The adjective ‘Visual’ refers to the technique used to create
a graphical user interface. Instead of (5) (write) ______a lot of
140
instructions to describe interface elements, you just (6) (add)
______ pre-defined objects such as buttons and dialog boxes,
which can (7) (choose) ______from a toolbox. It (8) (take)
______ only a few minutes to create a Visual BASIC program.
Using the mouse, you simply (9) (drag) ______ and drop controls
(e.g. option buttons, text boxes, icons, menu bars, etc.) into the
required position, and then define their color, size and behavior.
Thanks to its object-oriented philosophy and interactive
nature, Visual BASIC (10) (enable) ______ the programmer to
quickly create all sorts of applications from small system utilities
to database programs and Internet server applications.
7.5 Fill in the gaps with prepositions to, with, into, on,
from, off, over, at, of, for if necessary.
1. The developers conceived ___ a new model ___ machine.
2. The investors insisted ___development ___ a new trend ___
computers. 3. The customers bought new computers ___ the
company. 4. The company left their minicomputers ___ sale.
5. The computer helped perform a set ___ operations. 6. Software
and peripherals are compatible ___ almost all modern computers.
7. Several applicants argue ___ the right to head the company.
8. The IBM Corporation capitalized ___ producing peripheral
equipment. 9. We didn’t forget the names ___ the scientists
who have contributed ___ R&D. 10.Several devices aim ___
increasing the calculating speed. 11.We bought our computer ___
one of the shops of our city. 12. The firm used the money to buy
___ the cable television company
141
7.6 What do you think will have happened on Earth by
2050? Make up sentences using the Future Perfect according
to the pattern. Use some of the ideas from the list below, but
think of your own ideas too.
Example: By 2050 cure against AIDS won’t have been found.
invent time travel; learn to predict earthquakes; stop global
heating; find extraterrestrial intelligence; construct colonies on
the Moon; learn to live on the seabed
7.7 Complete the sentences using the Future Perfect

tense.
1. In ten years’ time/a lot of people/ connect their television
to the telephone line. 2. Portable PCs/replace/ desktop PCs/in
a few years’ time. 3. With the help of computers/ doctors/find/
cure/AIDS and cancer/by the year 2025. 4. By this time next
year/software manufacturers/make/hundreds of new programs.
5. By 2020/post offices and bookshops/disappear. 6. By this time
next year/I/buy/ handheld computer.
7.8 Here are some predictions made by an intelligent

supercomputer. Write your own predictions.
• Work / Jobs
e.g. By the year 2030 human labour in industry will have
been replaced by robots. Yours: ____
• Homes
e.g. Families will have robots to do the housework
Yours: __________
• Education/Schools
e.g. By the end of the next century, every student in every
school in the world will have a PC.
Yours: ______________
• Money/Holidays
e.g. Cash will disappear.
Yours: ________
142
7.9 Make sentences as in the example.
Example: not easy/write instructions in Pascal. It is not easy
to write instructions in Pascal.
1. advisable / test the program under different conditions.
2. expensive / set up a data-processing area.
3. unusual for a program / work correctly the first time it is
tested.
4. difficult for students / learn Java.
5. important / consider the capabilities of the programming
language.
6. quite easy / write instructions in Python.
7.10. What parts of speech are the following words?

Computer, self-calibrating, easy, resolution, sharpness,
information, personal, capable, compression, technology,
calculator, useful, assistant, expensive, possibility, reducible,
investment.
7.11 Look at the groups of words and decide what part

of speech each word is. Then complete the sentences with the
correct word.
1. compile compiler compilation
a. Programs written in a high-level language require ______,
or translation into machine code.
b. A ______ generates several low-level instructions for
each source language statement.
c. Programmers usually ______ their programs to create an
object program and diagnose possible errors.
2. program programmers programming
a. Most computer ______ make a plan of the program before
they write it. This plan is called a flowchart.
b. A computer _____is a set of instructions that tells the
computer what to do.
143
c. Converting an algorithm into a sequence of instructions in
a programming language is called ______.
3. bug debugger debugging
a. New programs need ______ to make them work properly.
b. Any error or malfunction of a computer program is known
as a ______.
c. The best compilers usually include an integrated ______
which detects syntax errors.
4. fragmentation fragmented defragmenter
a. After you create, delete and modify a lot of files, the hard
disk becomes ______, with bits and pieces spread all over the
disk.
b._____ slows down the speed at which data is accessed
because the disk drive has to work harder to find the parts of
a file stored in many different locations.
c. To reorganize your hard disk, you can use a disk optimizer
or a disk ______.
7.12 Read the sentences below. Decide what part of

speech the italicized word is.
1. He summed these numerals, and then divided the sum.
2. Multiplying both integers named in a fraction by the same
whole number simply produces another name for the fractional
number. 3. This increase in production is very important. They
have increased the production. 4. We are going to change the
definition. This change was quite unnecessary. 5. He is the head
of this group of scientists. He headed their discussion. 6. I do
not need your help. He is being helped by his research adviser.
7. We have separated these periods by a point. These are separate
problems. 8. He presented me with a good book. The present
situation appears rather unusual.
144
7.13 Translate the following sentences.
The calculating machine is complicated. 2. The student
making a report is one of our post-graduates. 3. The students
having an English lesson are in the next room. 4. Having no
time I could not speak to him. 5. Studying this problem he found
something very interesting. 6. Taking the abstract from him
I thanked him. 7. Using some familiar symbols he spoke about
a new system of notation. 8. Many machines using atomic power
must be built in future. 9. Switching on the circuit he started
the machine. 10. They used symbols corresponding to symbols
familiar to everybody.
7.14 Compare the Gerund and the Participle below. In

every case state the subject and the predicate.
Gerund
a) 1. Reading such books is necessary.
2. Knowing these rules will help you.
3. Finding a proper answer will make it possible.
4. Speaking English well is rather difficult.
b) 1. In comparing the circuits we found...
2. By bringing in this example they can show...
3. In solving these equations one must be very careful with
the signs one uses.
Participle
b) 1. Reading such books we obtain...
2. Knowing these rules you will be able to...
3. Finding a proper answer they can...
4. Speaking English during the lesson students will...
1. Comparing the circuits, we could see...
2. Bringing in this example they will be able to...
3. Solving these equations one may expect to...
145
7.15 Write questions to which the sentences below are the
answers.
1. Both geometry and algebra deal with equations.
2. Mathematical measurements have many practical uses.
3. Nowadays information spreads all over the world within a few
hours. 4. This method can be applied for measuring volumes.
5. Physics attempts to describe the natural world 6. I cannot
imagine how one can draw this line without using a ruler. 7. It
is possible to find the location of this object in space. 8. This
terminology needs improving. 9. They are concerned with
applying their knowledge of the subject to solving these problems.
10. Drawing a correct conclusion is not always easy. 11 We have
used letters of the alphabet for naming geometric ideas. 12. I am
naming the point by the capital letter A.
7.16 Read and translate the Participle.

1. The moving point is...
2. The angle separating the plane is...
3. When realizing this plan we
4. While checking these operations he ...
5. Drawing a rectangle one must
6. Finding the measure of the perimeter you can ...
7. The divided diagonal remained...
8. The given postulate states...
9. The applied method will give...
10. The sentences written in algebraic form are...
11. The two lines drawn parallel will never …
12. Their work continued the next day showed...
7.17 Note the difference in these sentences. Translate

them.
1. a) The mechanic is asked to make... b) He is to be asked
to make...
146
2. a) The designer is informed... b) He is to be informed...
3. a) The tests are followed by... b) They are to be followed
by..
4. a) The machine tool is housed... b) It is to be housed...
5. a) I was offered... b) I was to be offered...
6. a) We were helped... b) We were to be helped...
7.18 What are the functions of the verb to have? Translate

the text.
Radioactivity is invisible and inaudible, and we cannot feel
it until we have received too much of it and become ill. But in
our nuclear age we have a vital tool, the Geiger counter, which is
used for detecting radioactivity. It was invented by Hans Geiger,
a German physicist, and has the ability to register cosmic rays
as well as gamma-rays. Geiger counters have been made for all
kinds of purposes — light ones for uranium prospecting, built-
in types for atomic power stations and research establishments;
counters with warning signals for factory workers who have to
handle radioactive matter and whose hands and clothes have to
be checked and so on.

1. Нажми клавишу «ввод». 2. Устройствами ввода явля-
ются клавиатура и мышь. 3. Компьютер производит вычис-
ления за секунды. 4. Это электронное устройство обраба-
тывает информацию с высокой скоростью. 5. Компьютеры
используются во всех сферах нашей жизни. 6. Учителя тоже
используют компьютеры в обучении. 7. Могут компьютеры
мыслить? 8. Ты сейчас в сети? 9. Компьютерная система
состоит из трех частей. 10. У тебя есть доступ в Интернет?
11. Интернет был разработан в США. 12. Одна из самых зна-
чимых функций Интернета – информационная. 13. Самый
большой недостаток Интернета – отсутствие информаци-
147
онного контроля. 14. Интернет – это сеть, объединяющая
миллионы компьютеров по всему миру. 15. Ты получил мое
сообщение? 16. Отправь мне, пожалуйста, электронное со-
общение. 17. Информация хранится на сервере. 18. Эта про-
грамма позволяет пользователям искать информацию в сети.
19. Какой поисковой системой ты обычно пользуешься?
20. Компьютерные технологии изменили нашу жизнь.
148
Заключение
Предлагаемое издание “English for Science Students” на-

правлено на формирование основ профессиональных знаний
средствами иностранного языка, оно обеспечивает эффек-
тивность информативного чтения при работе с профессио-
нально ориентированными текстами.
Целью учебного пособия является развитие иноязычной
коммуникативной компетенции и совершенствование прак-
тических умений и навыков студентов во всех основных
видах речевой деятельности. Задания направлены на обо-
гащение терминологического словарного запаса студентов,
развитие их логического мышления и проявление творче-
ского потенциала при выполнении предтекстовых и после-
текстовых заданий, расширение навыков разговорной речи.
Грамматические задания способствуют закреплению полу-
ченных ранее знаний по грамматике английского языка.
Пособие “English for Science Students” поможет сформи-
ровать у учащихся практические навыки общения на ино-
странном языке в профессиональной сфере и расширить
словарный запас по изучаемым специальностям, а также по-
может развить интеллектуальные качества обучаемых и при-
обрести профессиональные знания и умения.
Studying English is challenging and rewarding. It doesn’t
matter if you make some mistakes – nobody is perfect!
149
Библиографический список
1. Дорожкина, В. П. Английский язык для студентов-

математиков: учебник / В. П. Дорожкина. – Москва: АСТ;
Астрель, 2004. – 490 с.
2. Курашвили, Е. И. Английский язык для студентов-
физиков. Первый этап обучения: учебник / Е. И. Курашвили. –
Москва: Астрель, 2002. – 317 с.
3. Маркушевская, Л. П. Computer in Use / Л. П. Марку-
шевская, Л. И. Буханова, О. И. Савенкова. – Санкт-Петер-
бург: СПб ГУ ИТМО, 2010. – 129 с.
4. Нагорная, А. В. Английский для педагогов / А. В. На-
горная. – Москва: Айрис-пресс, 2006. –272 с.
5. English for Science Students: учеб. пособие. – Чита:
ЗабГГПУ, 2011. – 142 с.
6. Murphy, Raymond English Grammar in Use. A self-study
reference and practice book for intermediate students of English.
Cambridge University Press, 2007.
7. Breaking News English URL: https://www.breaking-
newsenglish.com (дата обращения: 10.04.2019).
150
Учебное издание
Еремина Виктория Михайловна

Гусевская Наталья Юрьевна
ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE STUDENTS
Печатается с оригинал-макета автора

при участии издательства
Вёрстка Н. Ю. Добрецкой
Подписано в печать 20.06.2019.

Формат 60×84/16.
Бумага офсетная. Способ печати цифровой.
Усл. печ. 8,8. л. Уч.-изд. 5,0 л.
Заказ № 19085. Тираж 100 экз.
(1-й з-д 1–33 экз.)
ФГБОУ ВО «Забайкальский государственный университет»

672039, г. Чита, ул. Александро-Заводская, 30

Eremina Gusevskaya 1

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Eremina Gusevskaya 1

Оригинальное название:

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Министерство науки и

ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE STUDENTS

Рекомендовано к изданию учебно-методическим советом

Еремина, Виктория Михайловна

ISBN 978-5-9293-2357-7 © Забайкальский государственный

Учебное пособие “English for Science Students” является

1.1 Read the sentences in column A and find the opposites

1.2 Fill in the gaps with one of the words above.

1.3 Read and translate the sentences with have.

1.4 Where are these people from? Match the pictures

1.6 Match a verb in A with a noun in B.

1.7 Match the words with their Russian equivalents.

1.8 Fill in the gaps with one of the words above. __

Reading and discussion

2.2 Practise in reading and give Russian equivalents of

2.4 Look through the text and find English equivalents

2.5 Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false

2.6 Complete the following sentences.

2.7 Answer the following questions about the text.

2.8 Complete the chart about Ann’s life and studies.

2.9 Read and translate the text. Do the assignments that

Patrick’s university course

2.11 Agree or disagree with the following.

3.2 Look at Exercise 2.8 and complete a similar chart

3.4 Read the questionnaire and answer the questions.

3.5 In pairs or small groups speak on the following topics.

3. Ben: Hello, Ted. This is Dan Smith.

4. Peter: Hi, Dave.

4.2 Match a sentence in A with a reply sentence in B.

4.4 Read and translate the conversations. Make similar

4.5 Complete the conversation. Practise it with your

4.6 Read and practise the conversations with your

1. – I’m fine, thank you. And you?

2.– Hello, Ann! How are you?

3. – Not bad, thanks. And you?

5.– Thank you. See you on Monday.

Application for Enrollment: School of English

School Registration Information:

date of birth: ____________ gender: male female

street address: ___________________________________

postcode: _________________ country: ______________

telephone: _______________ E-mail address: ___________

Homestay Application Information:

Do you prefer a home with pets? yes no dont care

Please indicate your favourite activities:

5.2 Read an informal letter from Becky to her penfriend

5.4 Danka is a student at an English language school in

6.3 Match the columns.

6.5 Choose the correct question word.

6.6 Fill in the gaps with is, are.

6.7 Write questions for these answers.

6.8 Fill in the gaps with to be in the Present Simple. Make

6.10 Correct the sentences below making them negative.

6.11 Make the questions to these answers.

6.12 Answer the questions.

6.14 Possessive ’s or is? Write P if’s = Possession. Write

6.15 Look at the picture of Suzie’s bedroom. Are the

6.17 Look at the picture again. Complete the conversation.

6.18 Choose the correct word.

6.20 Answer the questions.

6.21 Match the columns.

6.23 Complete the sentences with correct form of have.

postcode: ___ country:

telephone: _____ E-mail address: _

1. to live in a ….