N E T C W F S: Orums Eport

FORUMS REPORT
NEW ENGLAND TABLELANDS

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY
MAY 2011
FORUMS REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Armidale Community Forum............................................................................................................................................. 5
Benefits................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
Challenges & Risks......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Key Principles................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10
Next Steps........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
Uralla Community Forum.................................................................................................................................................. 13
Benefits............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Challenges & Risks...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Key Principles................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 15
Priority Next Steps........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16
Kyabra Landholder Forum............................................................................................................................................... 18
Benefits............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
Key Principles................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 19
Walcha Community Forum............................................................................................................................................. 21
Benefits............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Key Principles................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22
Investor Forum.......................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Benefits............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Key Principles................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26
Glen Innes Community Forum....................................................................................................................................... 28
Benefits............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
Key Principles................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
Other Comments (Anonymous)......................................................................................................................................................................... 31
COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 2 of 31

FORUMS REPORT

FORUMS REPORT

GOVERNANCE MODEL OPTIONS ANALYSIS
ARMIDALE COMMUNITY FORUM
BENEFITS
Empowerment, Local autonomy, independence:

• Possibility of greater responsibility for demand reduction/management
• Empowerment
• Encourage further action
• Energy independence
• Involvement encourages interest, disperses knowledge and a feeling of
‘we’re doing something’ about a need that is essential that we meet.
• Setting up distribution network so shareholders and community can buy
electricity directly rather than selling to a third party.
• Community develops understanding of
• Electricity system
• Real costs/impacts/benefits
• How to do big business initiatives as a community and ideas for doing
better in future
• Community controls policy
• Owners are us! So more accessible
• Empowerment
• High visibility: proving that people can make the changes they want to see
themselves, rather than relying on ‘the government’
• Community building & linkage
• Give a strong sense of community to our region
• Community and individual awareness
• Secure future supply
• Future proof against global interests
• Profits returned to community
• ‘Control’ over energy production
• Locally owned (not multinational & for export)
• Locally produced energy directly benefitting community
• Ownership and responsibility for sustainable future response to clean
energy production and reduce our waste.
• Transparency

FORUMS REPORT
Financial/Economic Benefits:
• Employment
• Revenues are kept within
• Employment
• local jobs
• Potential for revenue to be returned to the community
• Whole new industry for region
• Jobs
• Tourism
• Economic - return on investment
• A welcome source of income for farmers (rental of land for turbines)
Clean Energy ~ Not polluting, not coal:

• Positive & clean
• Clean energy
• Clean
• Decreased need for coal (stop a few mines happening?)
• Contribution to clean energy
• Reduce possibility of further environmental degradation such as coal seam
drilling
Educational Benefits:
• Community education/learning
• spin-off experience from other projects
• Opportunity to document process and establish a model that can be sold
on to others (i.e. use it for capital gain both financially and socially)
• Education
• Setting example
• Community education
Visual Benefits
• Fits the landscape
• Identity to community & aesthetic appeal

Technical Benefits
• Localised power for total energy independence – ultimately using biogas,
co-generation wind mix. Result: no expensive cable connections to the
biggest power user, the grid.
• Local energy with minimal power lines minimises the line losses of about
50% of coal-fired generation
Miscellaneous Issues:
• Medaway Industrial Park Uralla has grid connections already established
• Link it with solar and Uralla becomes energy independent
• Recycling hydro dam generation as proposed by Zinhi Buzo for the Styx
River would provide base load
CHALLENGES & RISKS
Siting & Environmental Challenges:

• Finding suitable site
• Environmental challenge
• Placement disputes, long term
• What is proposed method for identifying potential sites for turbines, and
what incentives are there for landholders - equity, site rental?
• Being muscled out of the most suitable sites by the big corporations
• Where to put it
• Complaints about ‘land vandalism’ caused by wind farms
• Location is paramount: not too close to residents, 35db at base of turbine is
not where most noise is problematic.
• Away from wildlife corridors
• Public opposition/compensation will be a challenge re: noise, site, impact
on quality of life for some
• Potential adverse impact on biodiversity (esp. birds) and scenic impact
(huge size)
• Resources required to construct (how big a hole in the ground to mine the
metal?)
• Noise – infrasound & natural habitat destruction
• Environmental impacts: flora and fauna, threatened species and
ecological communities
• Specifically habitat removal, collision mortalities (birds and bats)

FORUMS REPORT
• It’s about appropriate siting

• Impacts of intense storm events
• Key principle: Priority given to sensitive turbine locations
• dealing with myths e.g. noise effects on health
• Idea: Look into crown land close to town e.g. town reserves – lookouts etc.
Funding Challenges:
• Keeping the fundraising impetus long enough to achieve the goal
• Raising the capital – how many people contributing how much?
• Cost
• Getting investors
• Raising enough money
• Competition from large investors
• Funding
• Raising funds to purchase land
• Getting the right price for sale – for investors to invest
• Raising the money,
• Tax implications of being an energy producer
• Cost
Governance/Organisational Structure Challenges:

• Financial responsibility
• Ownership structure
• Governance issues
• Developing an equitable investment model and company structure
• Corporate governance
• Lack of expertise (initially)
• Management maintenance
• Community division e.g about a particular site/location has to be dealt
with and survived by people managing the windfarm organisation, not just
by the authority determining whether to approve it
• To work out organisational structure
• Lack of expertise

Red Tape & Government Regulation Challenges:

• Changes in government policy in regard to cost of carbon
• Government red tape
• Local government development guidelines – will they be accommodating?
• Government input into carbon pricing
• Getting governments to commit
Technical Challenges:
• Technical challenges
• Grid connection – power wasted when grid goes down (same as solar),
need power companies on board
Other Challenges:
• Division of communities
• Takeover by state for later privatisation for profit or loss-offsetting, once
proven successful
• Permission from Transgrid and local power companies
• Time
• Need to have education from people who have lived near windfarms –
they can and do cause major impact on many people’s quality of life
(through ‘infra sound’ etc)
• 20 year lifespan – oil needed to replace them?

FORUMS REPORT
KEY PRINCIPLES
• Community consultation to develop blueprint
• Preferential local use/consumption/self sufficiency
• Local decision making
• Role of community organisations
• Mutual structure/cooperative: one person, one vote
• Management of influence
• Energy justice
• Local jobs
• Viable business model
• Security of advance deposits
• Source of funds/who can invest?
• Maximum investment?
• Tax exempt
• Trading ability

• Part of an overall energy plan

• Possible staged development
• Transparency/accountability
• Viability – all fronts
• Triple bottom line
NEXT STEPS
• Options paper for comment & critique
• Legal governance framework
• Investment model
• Inform public – education campaign
• Locations/sites – based on research
• Formal approaches to Councils – get some champions
• Experienced others to talk to community.
• Get Tony Windsor and Richard Torbay involved

FORUMS REPORT

URALLA COMMUNITY FORUM
BENEFITS
Empowerment. Local autonomy, Independence:
• Move towards self-sufficiency
• Innovation generally
• Starting early – just after the first community wind farm in Australia is nearly
established.
• Local power production
• Local control of energy production
• Community satisfaction from ownership/involvement
• Community power and leadership
• Independence from broader, non-sustainable political decision makers
• Opportunity for the community to have a direct financial input into
environmentally beneficial community based programs
• Community input into siting/location of turbines
Financial & Economic:

• Security of affordable supply
• Hopefully cheaper, sustainable power
Clean Energy, not polluting, not coal:

• Clean energy
• Brilliant – renewable energy – all for it
• Anything that helps the environment is good
• Lessen reliance on fossil fuel in our community
• Reduction of coal-fired power stations
• Reduction of greenhouse gases
• Obvious benefits to environment
• Covering your own footprint
Visual Benefits
• They look great

FORUMS REPORT
Miscellaneous Issues:
• How long is it before the embodied cost of setting up wind farm is
recouped?
• Locating 6 turbines, easier than 100s
• Opportunity for best practice – looking at the whole sustainability picture
CHALLENGES & RISKS
Siting & Environmental Challenges:

• Dangers to birds – high lagoons, migrating birds
• Infra sound
• Potential negative impact on fauna species & vegetation clearing, road
construction, power lines (?underground) to turbines.
• Clearing trees
• Noise complaints
• Ugly to look at
• High voltage power lines
• Site security (staking claim)
• Find a good site
• Land owners’ acceptance
• Wind fluctuates
Funding Challenges:
• Ability to compete with commercial companies - $10 – 25billion
investments
• Getting the $$$
Governance/Organisational Structure Challenges:

• Rules of investment in co-ops
Red Tape/Government Regulation Challenges:

• Government policy shifts
Technical Challenges:
• Direct supply of electricity to members

Other Challenges:
• Too small to make a difference?
• Community anxiety (personal and property damage)
• Create division in the community
• Comparing wind with alternative energy sources for: cost, embedded
energy, other challenges and risks
From Suggestion Box:

• Let’s look at setting up a monitoring study to investigate before & after (if
any!) impacts on fauna. Opportunity for our UNE partner. Could feed into
body of science and perhaps alleviate concerns in other communities.
• Some thought given to establishing an independent local distribution grid –
maybe using some % of the community return of investment.
KEY PRINCIPLES
• Accessing information from Hepburn and others
• Membership structure is clear and doesn’t change
• Triple Quadruple bottom line: economic, social, environmental, governance
• Getting the right site:
• Close to grid
• Good wind
• Already cleared
• Away from houses
• Not in bird path
• Community support
• Access (all weather)
• Ethical
• Environmental
• Local ownership proportion to be set
• Financing
• Returns to investors plus returns to the is return comparable?
• Two thirds investors, one third borrowing
• Local investors (individuals) treated same as other investors
• Pay for self and renewal
• Sourcing of materials/practical
• Certainty of wind for investors

FORUMS REPORT
PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

• Timeline and projections (to include sell/share knowledge)
• Costings for different sizes
• Clarifying
• Staging of investments
• Consider piggybacking on a commercial wind farm
• Accessing seed funding (use for further investigation)
• Identify people with money
• Measuring wind
• Identify & investigate sites

FORUMS REPORT

FORUMS REPORT
KYABRA LANDHOLDER FORUM
BENEFITS
• Clean power, local power
• Benefits – cleaner air
• Money focussed back into our own community, rather than going out in
many directions, in super funds
• Local (independent) energy generation
• People coming together with a common cause, bringing back community
social benefits
• Community taking responsibility for their energy needs in a sustainable way
CHALLENGES & RISKS

• Getting agreement as to type of ownership
• Get lost in a forest of turbines
• Farmers would want assurity that the site is accessible to the right people.
• Needs to be mindful of the farmers’ point of view – erosion if road for
instance
• Community perceptions re: amenity/noise issues
• Challenges to get enough money to invest
• New super fund?
• Able to pull out
• Electricity prices, how secure long-term financial return
• $$
• Government policy – especially renewables

KEY PRINCIPLES
• Transparency
• Keep it Simple!
• Good board and management
• Spread benefits and risks widely
• Local investors only – e.g. Community Mutual - local $, stay local
• Set a percentage for local funding
• Return of 10% to 12% (cf. stock market 6% to 12%)
• Set a percentage of profit for community purposes
• Voting control
• Keep governance local
• Learn from local government investments (Fanny May etc)
• Low minimum investment per person, say $500.
• Insure risks (e.g damage to sites for roads etc)
• Bring community together
PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

• Clear business model, including turbines’ financial return
• A documentary to promote and educate – include interviews with people
from Hepburn
• Consult on possibilities of a new super fund – getting pro-bono advice from
e.g. Price Waterhouse, KPMG, Ernst & Young etc.
• Measure the wind
• Positive promotion, particularly directed to ordinary people, especially
urban.
• What about Bendemeer? We are on the border of any Government project
or such. Why not hold a forum in Bendemeer?

FORUMS REPORT

WALCHA COMMUNITY FORUM
BENEFITS
• Community ownership
• A cooperative scheme would mean the community/investors would feel
they had a degree of control over their investment (as opposed to, say, a
government owned scheme or large commercial operator.
• Shifting the energy debate from government to taking the lead from the
people – people power.
• Direct sale/use of electricity (e.g. Council, hospital)
• Support and cooperation from local Council
• Jobs for local residents
• Potential to partner with UNE for research projects – extend business
• Keep profits local – diversify income, ownership
• Wind is free, clean and never-ending
• Carbon trading benefits
CHALLENGES & RISKS

• Complaints from nearby residents who are not benefitting financially
• A small community may divide fairly strongly for and against wind farms
• Visual and other effects on rural landscape
• Community acceptance of wind energy
• Pressure to succeed is higher i.e. other ‘commercially-owned’ companies
may be able to spread cost of low wind times over numerous regions
• Getting the message out – competing with commercials
• Responsibility – maintenance
• Liability
• Working out the details
• Technical challenges greater for community than commercial

FORUMS REPORT
KEY PRINCIPLES
• To benefit all community, the benefits need to go back via Councils or
other broader, rather than just the shareholders
• Legally incorporated in unlisted public company
• Direct benefits in ? lower electricity costs
• Research and learn from other projects (e.g. Hepburn)
• Council involvement (they have prior history of energy supply)
• Locate close to grid & not near homes
• Open processes
• Structure: public company, transparent
• Take advantage of e.g. carbon trading
• A way to sell/interest people in project
• Work out key objectives e.g. carbon/sustainability/local enterprise
• Majority control to be local, set a %
• Genuinely hearing and responding to people’s concerns
• Building knowledge in the community, starting small.
PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

• Where’s the wind?
• Business plan
• Establish financial returns for landholders and investors
• Reach as many people as possible – more publicity, including benefits and
risks – an open process
• Consider smaller project, to start
• Get direct experience – either locally or a study trip
• Build relationships/negotiate with (?competitors) Essential Energy/Country
Energy/the Grid
• Need plan for post-feasibility study – who will follow up, what next
• Investigate partnership with commercial developer

FORUMS REPORT

FORUMS REPORT
INVESTOR FORUM
BENEFITS
• Miniturisation
• Get plans and build turbines here
• 18% + ethical
• UNE land for siting
• Ring Main Supply
• “Preferred Place”; EVO Cities; reputation of the region; reputation; lifestyle
• Provide a focus for community energy efficiency an other small scale
cogeneration projects – synergy and partnerships
• Sustainable energy resource; Clean energy; Clean power generation
• Localised electricity production; smaller loss in grid; reduced energy losses
• Employment opportunities; Local employment; creation of jobs
• Research opportunities; development of alternative technology
• Future benefits for the environment are enormous
• Community involvement
• Localised investment; ongoing investments; clean ethical investment;
incentive for investing
• Community-run, self-sustaining electricity; renewable energy source not
reliant on others outside community;
• Government ‘seed project’
• Increased population (?)
• Reduction in GHG emissions; reduction of carbon footprint
• Support and access to expertise not necessarily available to individuals.
• Carbon credit generation; carbon credits?;
• Sustainability

CHALLENGES & RISKS

• Decrease in purchase/ wholesale price because of increased grid costs
• The grid
• Storage/ waste electricity
• 1 person 1 vote: prone to capture/ stacking/ ‘carpet bagging’; eg. CMG
2% of people attend and vote = a silent majority.
• How much experience around the world in life of equipment?
• Miniturisation may not be so important in the New England
• How to keep it local if we get outside funds
• Monopoly if not owned by community – control
• Hail damage?
• Unemployment
• Technology redundant in a short time – loss of funds
• Financial support; raising the finance
• Confidence
• Attracting technical skills
• Training
• Debate/ politics
• Job loss (referring to a perception that Renewable energy generation will
take less jobs than coal generation) – financial effect of.
• Opportunity cost
• Big business snapping up the best sites before community support is
established
• Securing suitable sites in acceptable areas for adjoining land owners
• Viability of the grid itself
• Carbon tax?
• Degrading of infrastructure (from memory this was about NEW needing to
think about the possibility of contributing to grid upgrade and
maintenance, as well as the 20-30 yr lifespan of turbines before needing
refurbishment)
• Alienation of sectors of the community
• Marketing and management of adverse comments and negativeness
• Suitable legal structures

FORUMS REPORT
KEY PRINCIPLES
• More people to benefit from NEW then less negative resistance
• Risk spread around and therefore increase chance of getting off the
ground; risk spread.
• Transparency
• KISS information
• Board: business, merit and skills based, technical, corp law, acct (?)
• Governance role for LGA
• ROI and Feel Good; 10% plus return
• Reflect community values
• Balance financial aspects with community values
• Offset rising electricity prices; lock in a price for electricity for a given time
• How do we ‘own’ it? Rates adjustment?
• Ability to sell shares; liquidity and depth in share market
• Carbon ‘franking’ credit
• Prevent foreign investors from buying it out
• Have clear, set mission, purpose, vision, strategy to then drive a marketing
plan
• Dominant ‘local’ community ownership
• Needs a very strong financial underpinning: profit = return
• Idea of having a local price discount and a export price premium (ie. Pay
less for local electricity and more for electricity that has had to travel a
long way)
• Classes of shares
• Local with voting and governance rights
• Structure: separate business from operational arm; authorisation/ investment
arm; business/community arm.

PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

• Governance Structure – foster community control, stop it from going
offshore, limit institutional investor bought voting control
• Communicating what real, valid concerns and what’s not substantiated
(noise, birds, look)
• Strong educational base
• Concise, organised, packaged
• Price it
• Prospectus
• Seed funding

FORUMS REPORT
GLEN INNES COMMUNITY FORUM
BENEFITS
• A better future – money for community.
• People controlling local power
• Clean power
• If it works, community pride, sense of achievement
• Towers allow land usage as usual
• Long term investment 20 years +
• Clean energy
• Joint venture: public listed company allows shares to be traded
• If the community wind towers could be off the private companies
• Line of sight consultation a ‘must do’
• Are state land reserves etc available rather than ‘private’ land
• Local/regional ownership
• Cooperative, not a profit-oriented structure/framework
• Local employment, IF Govt supports training of locals
• Reduction of greenhouse gases (far more effective than taxing the current
systems to discourage use)
• Potential to continue using the land as before
• Flow-on financial benefits to the community.
• Environmental benefits – less effects into the future than coal
• Financial benefits – cheaper energy source
• Employment benefits
• Great source of renewable energy to be used in conjunction with solar
units
• Clean wind always available
• More affordable electricity
• Symbol of what community stands for
• Community based – much more preferable
• Eliminates the developer
• $44M 7PA – to latch on to other existing development

CHALLENGES & RISKS

• Can divide the community.
• Visually ugly
• Wind and solar only produce for 4 – 6 hours per day
• 500m safe zone has been suggested = 1km
• Noise from towers travels on the wind, not fall below
• Financial: $2-3 million – 30% top production
• Challenges:
• Raising capital required
• Get agreement on location, height of towers etc
• Investment potential: what guarantees are there for shareholders?
• Lifespans, quality, maintenance
• Existing negative community perceptions
• Risks
• Fire
• Flying debris
• Ice
• Health insurance
• Bird kills
• Air spraying and towers
• Risks
• Health
• Valuation on land
• Impact on people’s lives—the ones that don’t want a wind tower
• Lightning
• Impact on wild life
• Noise: at base noise would be minimal because it’s going over you.
• Lifespan of towers and turbines
• Maintenance costs
• Responsibility
• Challenges
• Community opinion
• Training program and jobs
• Management of project
• Risks
• Noise, visual impact, devaluation of land
• Small player in a big grid

FORUMS REPORT
• Entry and tenure in a the state/national grid system
KEY PRINCIPLES
• Do it ourselves. Eliminate the developers
• Benefit both sides: community and developers
• Include community right from the beginning
• Line of site communication
• NSW govt training to create local employment
• Get good people for management/board
• Structure: prevent negative influence of a few – ?re voting influence.
• Inclusive/ right to a voice
• Return on investment
• Return a profit to the community—enhance community spirit
• Investigate size/capacity of turbines and maintenance requirements
• Avoid environmentally sensitive areas
• Consider attachment to a commercial wind farm
• Educate the community
• Members
• ?only from New England.
• ? only individuals
• ? Councils
• Councils on side
• Transparency, good & bad
• Independent legal advice
PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

• Feasibility study – expertise
• Formal approaches to existing projects for expertise & ownership
• Public education campaign – full disclosure
• Web site with full information – totally open
• Research – financial/technical
• Study visit to existing wind farm
• Who is Starfish Enterprises?
• Generate a lot more interest
• Existing info on community co-ops

OTHER COMMENTS (ANONYMOUS)

• Some matters not dealt with: property devalued if you want to sell when
property surrounded by wind farms.
• Thanks you for allowing us to vent. You listened to all our views. It was a
change to what we have in the past.
• To certainly pursue the community wind farm for interested persons not
tainted with the negative effects from the commercial farm to be
established in our area and to ensure all interested community members
gain complete satisfaction with the communication process involved.
• Any steering/exploratory committee to be identifiably ‘New England
‘people.
• I don’t think it will be good to add any more towers than what is already
forced upon the community. Piggy backing would be the only way.

N E T C W F S: Orums Eport

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FORUMS REPORT

NEW ENGLAND TABLELANDS

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 2 of 31

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 3 of 31

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 4 of 31

ARMIDALE COMMUNITY FORUM

Empowerment, Local autonomy, independence:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 5 of 31

Clean Energy ~ Not polluting, not coal:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 6 of 31

CHALLENGES & RISKS

Siting & Environmental Challenges:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 7 of 31

• It’s about appropriate siting

Governance/Organisational Structure Challenges:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 8 of 31

Red Tape & Government Regulation Challenges:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 9 of 31

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 10 of 31

• Part of an overall energy plan

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 11 of 31

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 12 of 31

URALLA COMMUNITY FORUM

Financial & Economic:

Clean Energy, not polluting, not coal:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 13 of 31

CHALLENGES & RISKS

Siting & Environmental Challenges:

Governance/Organisational Structure Challenges:

Red Tape/Government Regulation Challenges:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 14 of 31

From Suggestion Box:

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 15 of 31

PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 16 of 31

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 17 of 31

KYABRA LANDHOLDER FORUM

CHALLENGES & RISKS

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 18 of 31

PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

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COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 20 of 31

WALCHA COMMUNITY FORUM

CHALLENGES & RISKS

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PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

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COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 24 of 31

CHALLENGES & RISKS

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PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

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GLEN INNES COMMUNITY FORUM

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 28 of 31

CHALLENGES & RISKS

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 29 of 31

• Entry and tenure in a the state/national grid system

PRIORITY NEXT STEPS

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 30 of 31

OTHER COMMENTS (ANONYMOUS)

COMMUNITY WIND FARM STUDY Page 31 of 31