Max Quayle 

Martha Carlson­Bradley
PW 5020: Editing in the Professions
Final Exam
March 10, 2010

PW5020: Editing in the Professions

Final Copyediting Test

PART 1

Introduction

The media and the internet are changing health care consumers from passive patients to

active agents in a way never imagined just ten years ago. Open any newspaper and you will see

articles condemning pharmaceutical companies’ profits or the dangerous drugs that they market.

In the United States, scandals regarding F. D. A.-approved drugs have made the public leery of

the link between business and health care. Researchers report that consumers, both those with

and those without health insurance, are increasingly turning to alternative medicine or

supplements to treat their own illnesses. Patients with chronic illness often research their diseases

online in order to educate their physicians about alternative therapies.

Academia is beginning to pay attention to media representation of health care (Friedman

2004; Marchessault and Sawchuk 2000; Seale, 2004). Seale suggests that medical sociologists

should use tools from the field of media/cultural studies to examine narrrativesnarratives of

health and well-ness. He points out (and I agree) that because the media is currently the richest

source of narrative for those in industrialized nations, the connection between the media and the

construction of health and disease bears examining.

This book, which is a collection of essays exploring the relationship between women’s

health and the media, follows Seale’s injunction. Because women’s studies are,is by nature

interdisciplinary, the thirteen contributors to this volume come from a wide range of disciplines:
Quayle Final Exam                                                                                            

jJournalism, urban planning, psychology, eEducation, eEnglish, comparative literature,

American studies, and history. Their combined Scholarship creates a rich texture around issues

concerning women’s health and the media. Collectively, these contributors challenge the subtle

and not-so-subtle messages about race, class, gender, the female body, beauty, aging, mental

illness, and motherhood that permeate Western culture.

The thirteen essays in this volume are only the beginning of a debate that feminists,

Mmedia scholars, and public health experts must have regarding several topics. What is

“wellness” as it appears in popular culture? And just hHow much does society value “wellness?”

The famousF feminist critic, Naomi Wolf, famously noted that impossible ideals of female

beauty were circulated in the culture to keep women powerless in the wake of the 1970’s

women’s movement in the 1970’s. Wolf’s observation is apt apt; keeping women insecure about

their bodies is an effective way of disempowering them.

The healthcare industry has also disempowered women by rendering pathologizing 

normal female biology as pathological—construing . Ppregnancy, aging, and menopause are now

as medical issues. A recent volume of CQ Researcher notes that in the United States medical

costs have more than doubled in the last decade and that, “health spending is expected to rise to

more than four trillion by 2015” (Clemmitt 2006). Who is getting rich by deeming women ‘“not 

well?”’?
Quayle Final Exam                                                                                            

WorksORKS CitedITED

Clemmitt, M. 2006. “Rising health costs.” CQ Researcher 16 (April 72006): 289–312,. Web.

http://library.cqpress.com (accessed 5 Nov.ember 5, 2007).

Marchessault, Janine and Kim Sawchuk, eds. 2000. Wild sScience: Reading fFeminism,

Mmedicine and mMedia. London: Routledge., 2000. Print.

Friedman, Lester D., ed. 2004. Cultural sSutures: Medicine and mMedia. Durham, N.C. : Duke

University Press., 2004. Print.

U.S. Public Health Service, Office of the Surgeon General, ed. 1988. Understanding AIDS.

Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Seale, Clive, ed. 2004. Health and the mMedia. Oxford: Blackwell., 2004. Print.

Wolf, Naomi. 1991. The bBeauty mMyth: How iImages of bBeauty aAre uUsed aAgainst

wWomen. New York: W. Morrrow., 1991. Print.

Style Sheet for Part I

Abbreviations: omit periods from acronyms (CIA)

Capitalization: “down” style
Numbers: write out numbers from one to one hundred and round numbers that can be expressed
in two words (fifty-five thousand); use digits for nonround numbers of 101 and over;
adjust for local consistency
percent: 25 percent; spell out at beginning of sentences
Quayle Final Exam                                                                                            

PART 2

Father Presence Versus Absence

After the declaration of paternity, the bedrock of fathering is presence in the child's life. The

two major structural threats to fathers' presence are non-marital child-bearing and divorced. In

1993, 6.3 million children (9% percent of all children) were living with a single parent who had

never married, up from 243,000 in 1960 (0.4% percent of all children). In terms of percentages

of all births, non-marital births have risen from 4 percent4% of births in 1940 to thirty-one31%

percent in 1993, with the biggest increases occurring in the 19’70s and 19’80s. The non-marital

birth rate for women over age 20 twenty has increased substantially since the late 1970s’70s. For

teenagers, although the overall birth rate has actually remained steady for decades, the decision

to not marry has led to a dramatic increase in the non marital birth rate (U.S. Department of

Health and Human Services, 1995).

In nearly all cases, children born outside of marriage reside with their mothers. If fathers do

not live with the mother and child, their presence in the child's life is frequently marginal,; and

even when active for a time, this presence tends to be, fragile, over time. Until recently, studies

in this area, have been hampered by small, non-representative samples. Lerman (1993), using

data from a nationally representative group of over 600 unwed fathers, found that about three-–

fourths of young fathers who did not reside with their children at birth never lived in the same

household with them (1993). About fifty 50 percent of these fathers visited their child once a

week, but about 20 percent 20% never visited or visited once a year. The pattern over time was

towards less contact as the children got older. There were racial diffferences in these findings,

however, with African American un-married fathers being more likely to live close to their
Quayle Final Exam                                                                                            

children and see them more frequently than were wwhite and Hispanic fathers. The figures for

fathers who rarely or never visited their children were as follows: African–American (12%

percent), Hispanic (30% percent), and wWhite (37% percent). African American unmarried

fathers also had a slightly higher frequency of support payments (Lerman, 1993).

The sequelas of divorce for the quality of father-–child relations is quite sobering. Zill,

Morrison & Coiro (1993) followed a large national sample of children and parents through the

young adulthood of the children. After adjusting for a variety of demographic factors and

vocabulary test scores, the authors found increasing alienation of divorced fathers from their

children, as measured by the children’s descriptions of these relationships. Among children

18eighteen to twenty-two-22 years old, 65% percent of those whose parents had divorced

reported a poor relationship with their father, as compared with 29% percent of those whose

parents who had not divorced. The data also showed poorer relationships with mothers after

divorce, but the effect for fathers was stronger. Remarriage of 1 one of the parents made things

worse; 70 percent% of chilrenchildren of divorce and remarriage reported a pooor relationship

with their father.

Style Sheet for “Father Presence Versus Absence”

Numbers: 
•write out numbers of one hundred or less and round numbers that can be expressed in 
two words (thirty­five thousand); 
•use digits for numbers that are not round numbers for 101 and higher;
•use zero before decimal point for numbers smaller than 1;
•for percentages, use digits, space, and **the word percent** (25 percent), but write out 
percentages at the beginning of sentences;
•adjust numbers for local consistency.
•  Hyphenate two­word numbers; i.e. tenty­two 
•  In­line citations to include date of publication at end of sentence  c  ited.
   
Quayle Final Exam                                                                                            

PART 3

Directions for part 3: Typing in a new entry, not in track changes, under each work listed,

change these bibliographical listings from Chicago style to APA style (chapter 5 in Cite Right).

You may copy and paste each entry under itself, to avoid retyping, but please do not use track

changes in this part of the test.

References

Aboud, F. E. (1998). What is a licensed psychologist?. Health Psychology in Global

Perspective. Retrieved from http://www.mcpanj.com/home.php?agree=yes

Murray, M. (Ed.). (2004). Critical health psychology. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.

Prilleltensky, I., & Prilleltensky, O. (2003). Towards a critical health psychology practice.

Journal of Health Psychology, 8, 172–210.

US Congress House Committee on Banking and Currency. (1945). Bretton Woods Agreement

Act: Hearings on H.R. 3314. 79th Congress, 1st session.