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001/018
FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION
To: Steven L. Mayer, Esq. - Howard Rice Nemerovski Canady Falk & Rabkin
Attorneys for RPI Daniel N. Abrahamson
Fax: (415) 217-5910
Re: Case No. 5165180 - Wilson v. Bowen - Reply in Support of Petition for Writ of Mandate
X Urgent _I Reply ASAP Please conwlent Please review For your information
Comments:
Please see Petitioner's Reply in Support of their Petition for Writ of Mandate in the above-
referenced matter.
THIS COMMUNICATION IS INTENDED FOR THE USE OF THE PERSON TO WHOM IT IS ADDRESSED, AND MAYBE SUBJECT TO THE
ATTORNEY-CLIENT PRIVILEGE. ANY UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE, DISTRIBUTION, OR COPYING OF THIS COMMUNICATION IS
STRICTLY PROHIBITED. IF YOU HAVE RECEIVED THIS COMMUNICATION IN ERROR, PLEASE NOTIFY THE SENDER IMMEDIATELY BY
TELEPHONE AND RETURN THE ORIGINAL TO THE SENDER AT THE ABOVE ADDRESS VIA U.S. POSTAL SERVICE. WE WILL REIMBURSE
YOU FOR THAT COST. THANK YOU.
From:Sweeney & Greene LLP 9167531333 07/29/ 2008 09:02 # 075 P.002/018
LIBERTY CENTER n
JAMES F. SWEENEY'
9381 EAST STOCKTON BLVD., STE. 218 STEPHEN J. GREENE, JR.
ELK GRocE. CALIFORNIA 95624 LAURA BORDEN RIDDELL"
PHONE: (916) 753-1300
OF COUNSEL:
FAR: (916) 753-1333
ERIC GRANT'
W W W.SW EENEY-GREEN 6COM
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and control over virtually every aspect of the correctional system. (See
Prop. 5, § 4 (vesting primary responsibility for all of the state's parole
policies and rehabilitation programs); § 6 (Secretary of Rehabilitation and
Parole directs and supervises Division of Parole Policy); § 7 (Board of
Parole Hearings appointed on the Secretary's recommendation); § 20
(oversees all rehabilitation programs); § 29 (Secretary of Rehabilitation and
Parole recommends appointees for Chief Deputy Warden for
Rehabilitation, who shall be subject to removal by the Secretary); § 32
(Oversight Commission, which oversees all drug court programs for adult
felons in Track III, is under direction of the Secretary of Rehabilitation and
Parole) .) Thus, if the transfer of supreme executive authority over parole
policy and review from the Governor to the Secretary of Rehabilitation and
Parole violates Article V of the California Constitution, virtually the entire
legislative enactment to be made by Proposition 5 would be affected and
inoperative. The same is also true with regard to the transfer of the exercise
of independent judicial discretion with regard to fashioning dispositions in
criminal cases to non-judicial "drug treatment professionals." This
principle pervades Proposition 5's "three tier" system. (See Prop. 5, § 13
(court must rely upon the clinical assessment in fashioning disposition in
Track I, II, or III matters); § 17 (court shall order the defendant to attend
and complete an appropriate treatment program).)
Although Proposition 5 includes a severability clause, Prop. 5, § 57,
"[s]uch a clause plus the ability to mechanically sever the invalid part while
normally allowing severability, does not conclusively dictate it." (Gerken v.
Fair Political Practices Conzni'n (1993) 6 CalAth 707, 714-716.) "The
cases prescribe three criteria for severability: the invalid provision must be
grammatically, functionally, and volitionally separable." (See Calfarm Ins.
Co. v. Deukmejian (1989) 48 Cal.3d 805, 821-822.) In this case, the
constitutional defects, as already noted, pervade Proposition 5 rendering it
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As this Court has noted, "[a] judge wishing to exercise judicial power at the
judicial stage of a proceeding never should be required to "`bargain with
the prosecutor"' before doing so. [citations omitted]" (Manduley v.
Superior Court (2002) 27 CalAth 537, 554.) Yet, that is precisely what
Proposition 5 would require.
Moreover, Penal Code section 1210.2(d)(1) clearly violates the
separation of powers doctrine enunciated in People v. Tenorio (1970) 3
Cal.2d 89. Such a provision, where the judicial act is dependant on the
consent of the executive (e.g., the district attorney), violates California
Constitution Article III, and Article VI, section 1. In Tenorio, this Court
dealt with a provision of the Health and Safety Code that forbade probation
to a defendant charged with a prior felony, and forbade the trial court from
striking the prior unless the prosecution had so moved. This Court held that
such a provision, requiring the judiciary to obtain the consent of the
executive to make a judicial act, was unconstitutional. The proposed
section 1210.2(d)(1) creates precisely the same situation, and thus is
unconstitutional under Tenorio.
Not only is the court's discretion to exclude defendants from the
tracks severely limited, but the court, in every track, "must rely upon the
clinical assessment of the defendant" "[i]n determining the appropriate
treatment program..." (See Prop. 5, § 13 (adding Penal Code § 1210.02,
subd. (a)(1).) If the "clinical assessment indicates" that "opioid agonist"
treatment or other medication-assisted treatments4 are needed, the court
"shall" refer defendants to this type of drug treatment. (See Prop. 5, § 13
(adding Penal Code § 1210.02, subd. (a)(2).) Thereafter, the court "must
rely" "upon the criminal history evaluation and clinical assessment" when
"determining the appropriate monitoring conditions and requirements" for
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fails to mention this important detail or, for that matter, that Proposition 5
would effectively tie the hands of the judge.
As the Proponent concedes, in every track the court can inquire
when the defendant has not started treatment within 30 days (response p.
16), but the court cannot terminate the defendant from the program or find
him "unamenable" to treatment. The court can only re-refer him to
treatment and impose "graduated sanctions" (e.g. more treatment sessions)
or tenninate and sentence the Track I defendant to Track II treatment. (See
Prop. 5, § 14 (adding Penal Code § 1210.03, subd. (j).) A court cannot even
terminate diversion or probation if the defendant is convicted of a
misdemeanor, a felony, or engages in "criminal conduct"which makes him
unsuitable for treatment without holding a hearing. (See Prop. 5, § 15
(adding Penal Code § 1210.04); § 17 (amending Penal Code § 1210.1).) At
that point in Track I, the court can only re-refer the defendant to treatment
or sentence the defendant to Track II. (See Prop. 5, § 15 (adding Penal
Code § 1210.04) In Track II, if a defendant commits a new drug offense or
violates a drug-related condition of probation, the court can only revoke if
the prosecutor proves the defendant is "a danger to the safety of others."
(Id.)
The court cannot impose jail sanctions in Track I, Prop. 5, § 14
(adding Penal Code § 1210.03, subd. (o)), and cannot impose jail sanctions
in Track II or III if the defendant is receiving medication-assisted drug
treatment and such treatment is not available in jail. (See Prop. 5, § 17
(amending Penal Code § 1210.1, subd. (j)(2).) In fact, a court cannot even
impose jail sanctions until the defendant, for the fourth (or more) time
during probation, has committed a nonviolent drug possession offense or
violated a drug-related condition of probation. And then, it may do so only
after finding the defendant is not a danger to the community and is not
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CONCLUSION
Respectfully submitted,
ames F.
Attorneys fi
Gov. Pete WiXon,,6ov. Gray bavis, et al.
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PROOF OF SERVICE
1 am over the age of eighteen years and not a party to the within
action. My business address is 9381 E. Stockton Blvd., Suite 218, Elk
Grove, California, 95624.
On July 29, 2008 by 9:00 a.m., I served the attached REPLY IN
SUPPORT OF PETITION FOR EXTRAORDINARY RELIEF
INCLUDING WRIT OF MANDATE AND REQUEST FOR
IMMEDIATE TEMPORARY STAY via facsimile transmission to the
parties set forth below at the facsimile number(s) indicated: