sow speak spend spill spin spit spring stand steal stick sting stink strike strive swear

sweep swell swim swing take teach tear tell think thrive throw` thrust tread wake wear weave weep wet win wind wring write

jmqrkjd l;d lrkjd ho lrkjd bysfrkjd $ bysrjkjd f.d;kjd $ kQ,a lkjd fl< .ikjd me, fjkjd ke.skjd $ ke.S iskjd fidrl lrkjd wef,kjd $ w,jkjd oYaG lrkjd .| .ikjd myr fokjd uy;afia fjr orkjd osjqrkjd w;+.dkjd bosfukjd mSkkjd meoafokjd $ moaojkjd .kakjd $ legqj hkjd W.kajkjd brkjd lshkjd ys;kjd bIaG lrkjd $ oshqKq fjkjd is lrkjd f.fhka ;,a,q lrkjd md.kjd

sowed spoke spent spelt spun spat sprang stood stole stuck stung stank struck strove swore swept swelled swam swung took taught tore told thought throve threw thrust trod

sowed/sown spoken spent spelt spun spat sprung stood stolen stuck stung stunk struck striven sworn swept swelled/swollen swum swung taken taught torn told thought thriven thrown thrust trod/trodden woken wore woven wept wet won wound wrung written worn

wjos fjkjd $ wjos lrkjd woke m<|skjd$ w|skjd $md lrkjd f.d;kjd $ hkjd wove je<fmkjd $ w~kjd wept f;fukjd wet oskkjd won T;kjd $ lrljkjd wound ;oska rslkjd wrung ,shkjd wrote

Compiled by Mr. Jayalath Wickramasinghe

( jayalath44@yahoo.com )

Since some verbs carry different meanings, it is advisable to check those verbs in a reliable dictionary.

( Compiled by Mr. Jayalath Wickramasinghe of R/Eheliyagoda Madya Maha - 08 - Vidyalaya)

VERBS
Verbs can be classified in the following manner. Verbs Lexical Regular 01. 02. Irregular Auxiliary Primary Modal

let lie light lose make mean meet pay put read ride ring rise run saw say see seek sell send set sew shake shine shoot show shrink shut sing sink sit slay sleep slide sling slit smell

bv fokjd $ l+,shg fokjd let ydkais fjkjd $ ydkais bkakjd o,ajkjd lit ke;s fjkjd $ ke;slr .kakjd lost made meant met paid put read rode rang rose ran sawed said saw sought sold sent set sewed shook shone shot showed shrank shut sang sank sat slew slept slid slung slit smelt

let lay lain lit lost made meant met paid put read ridden rung risen run sawed/sawn said seen sought sold sent set sewed/sewn shaken shone shot showed/shown shrunk shut sung sunk sat slain slept slid slung slit smelt

- yokjd - woyia lrkjd - uqK .efikjd - f.jkjd - ;nkjd lshjkjd moskjd kdo lrkjd Wod fjkjd $ ke.S iskjd jkjd lshf;ka brkjd lshkjd $ m%ldY lrkjd olskjd fidhkjd $ n,dfmdfrd;a;+ fjkjd l+Kkjd hjkjd $ tjkjd br , y| niskjd $ i lrkjd uykjd fid,jkjd $ fi,fjkjd oSma;su;a lrkjd $ nn,kjd fj ;shkjd $ oskjd fmkajkjd welsf,kjd jykjd .dhkd lrkjd .sf,kjd jdfjkjd jkikjd $ urd oukjd ksod .kakjd ,siaikjd $ ,siaidf.k hkjd oud .ykjd $ is lrkjd brkjd $ lmkjd .| $ iqj| oefkkjd, n,kjd

A Lexical Verb can occur in a sentence as a full verb. eg: They drink water. / They walk to school. Auxiliary Verbs are helping verbs. They can occur only before Lexical Verbs. eg: They are drinking water. In the above example are is the Auxiliary Verb and drinking is the Lexical Verb. Lexical Verbs can be classified as Regular and Irregular. A lexical Verb has six forms. Six Forms 1 2 3 4 5 6 Base Form - s Form - ing Form Past Tense Past Participle to + infinitive Regular clean cleans cleaning cleaned cleaned to clean Irregular drink drinks drinking drank drunk to drink

03.

From the above table we can find the differences between Regular and Irregular verbs. We can disregard the s form, -ing form and to infinitive form as they are common to both classes of verbs. - 02 -

- 07 drink - fndkjd drank drunk

drive dwell eat fall feed feel fight find flee fling fly forbid forget forgive freeze get give go grind grow hang have hear hide hit hold hurt keep kneel know lay lead leap learn leave lend

- rsh mojkjd - jdih lrkjd - lkjd jefgkjd ljkjd $ Wjukd foa imhkjd yefkjd $ fkkjd igka lrkjd $ .y .kakjd in fjkjd $ fidhd .kakjd m,d hkjd $ u.yer hkjd oud .ykjd $ f.fhka islrkjd b.sf,kjd $ mshdir lrkjd ;yk lrkjd wu;l lrkjd $ wu;l fjkjd iud fjkjd fokjd $ uqojkjd ,nd .kakjd $ ,nd fokjd fokjd hkjd wUrkjd $ l+vq lrkjd jjkjd $ jefjkjd t,a,kjd $ t,a,kjd ;sfhkjd wefykjd $ wykjd ijkjd $ iefjkjd .ykjd $ myr fokjd

drove dwelt ate fell fed felt fought found fled flung flew forbade forgot forgave froze got gave went ground grew

driven dwelt eaten fallen fed felt fought found fled flung flown forbidden forgotten forgiven frozen got given gone ground grown hung had heard hidden hit held hurt kept knelt known laid led leapt learnt left lent

Both the Past Tense and the Past Participle are formed by adding ed. The Past Tense and Past Participle are the same. 05. Auxiliary Verbs are Helping Verbs. They help Lexical Verbs to form the verb phrase in a sentence. There are two classes of Auxiliary Verbs. 1. Primary Auxiliaries 2. Modal Auxiliaries Primary Auxiliaries 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. am is are was were be being been 9. have 10. has 11. had 12. having BE 13. do 14. does 15. did DO

HAVE

hung had heard hid hit w,a,kjd$ord .kakj$/iaula mj;ajkjd held rsfokjd $ rsojkjd hurt kept knelt knew laid led leapt learnt left lent

Note:- 1. be, have, and do can also be used as Full Verbs. e.g.: I have a new computer. Here , have is not an Auxiliary Verb. It is a Full Verb. 2. Do has two other forms as doing and done, but these two forms cannot be used as Auxiliary Verbs. e.g.: I have done my exercises. Here, done is the Lexical Verb or the Full Verb. 06. Modal Auxiliaries The Modal Auxiliaries are; will, would, shall, should, can, could, may, might, must, ought to, used to, neednt ,dare Some characteristics of the Modal auxiliaries. There can be only one Modal in a verb phrase.

- ;nkjd $ ;nd .kakjd - oK .ykjd - okakjd $ k .kakjd w;+rkjd $ ;a;r oukjd u. fmkajkjd mkskjd $ mek mek hkjd bf.k .kakjd w;ayer fyda msg;aj hkjd Khg fokjd

- 06 04. The Features of Regular Verbs

 If there is a Modal in a verb phrase, it will always be the first word. - 03 e.g.: will finish / may have been told Modals have tense, will, shall, may and can are present tense. Each has its corresponding past tense form. They are would, should, might and could respectively. Past Tense of must is had to. used to has no corresponding present tense. neednt has no corresponding positive form as an Auxiliary Verb. The simple past and the past participle in Regular Verbs are formed by adding ed to the base form work worked worked love loved loved Verbs ending in some consonants, following a vowel form their past and past participle doubling the final consonant when adding ed. beg admit stop travel plan begged admitted stopped travelled planned begged admitted stopped travelled planned

- 04 A LIST OF IRREGULAR VERBS

BASE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

arise awake be beat become begin bend bet bind bite bleed blow break breed bring broadcast build burn burst buy cast catch choose cling clothe come cost creep crow cut deal dig do draw

- mdhkjd $ ke.S iskjd arose - kskafoka wjos fjkjd $ mqnqoskjd bkakjd $ fjkjd $ ;sfhkjd mrojkjd $ myr fokjd m;afjkjd mgka .kakjd kjkjd Tgq w,a,kjd n|skjd imdlkjd f,a .,kjd iq<x yukjd $ mqnkjd lvkjd i;+ka we;slrkjd $ fndalrkjd f.akjd .+jkska m%pdrh lrkjd f.dvk.kjd mqpkjd msmsfrkjd $ mqmqrjkjd ,oS .kakjd islrkjd $ bj;,kjd w,a,kjd $ w,a,d .kakjd f;darkjd we,S , fj,S , t,a,S iskjd we w|skjd $ wkaojkjd tkjd < fjkjd nv .dkjd y~,kjd $ mqridr lshkjd lmkjd .kqfokq lrkjd ydrkjd lrkjd w|skjd $ woskjd was beat became began bent betted/bet bound bit bled blew broke bred brought broadcast built burnt burst bought cast caught chose clung clothed/clad came cost crept crowed/crew cut dealt dug did drew

arisen awoke been beaten become begun bent betted/bet bound bitten bled blown broken bred brought broadcast built burnt burst bought cast caught chosen clung clothed/clad come cost crept crowed cut dealt dug done drawn

awoken

06. Regular Verbs

Verbs ending in y following a consonant change the y into i before adding ed. carry carried carried try tried tried 07. There are five kinds of IRREGULAR VERBS. Study the chart. 1 Base Form Simple Past Past Participle Base Form Simple Past Past Participle go went gone 2 spend spent spent 3 come came come 4 beat beat beaten 5 hit hit hit

dream

- isysk olskjd

- 05 -

dreamt

dreamt