Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 36



   




 !

"#%$ &'

$ +",!.-/,012 &435 670 '

(*)

67/8937-/6;:</"= (>6136;12

?A@CBED%FGIHKJML NPORQ>S=OTNPUKV
WYX[Z\^]^_T`badcfe ahgiZcjXkmlmZjXadgPn<oMcad]
p _TgPnrq
\s_TtlvuPnxwiy
z X]|{}XgmX[g
~ Xe\={scjXZjnxadg
ahg+e _Ry
Zl \P_umXcja
Xa;>X[ cj\maht
umcjXt/hd
Y Pbd
;fRbd d fd,TMI Mbh jM,MTd M bM dbf
b b fx/f MMMb i7dfbYTbMTYb / j
hd I Mbb mYMMx/m b YM MbfbdP Mbb mTTdMTj
dMbT b M
hM MMTMj,TMhM ThMTj
bMI d }[ }IjR}xMdY d 
}dKYb
Khd M MjKTI Y dMY[j b b
Mj bdM }MM f M
d,/TI 
,/b b IM Mbf;
II dThbfI2h bMKh2Mbr
;Mhj[2hd
M r bT[IAIIhd
TMj
[R
;;
v Ph[
hd
xdKxfbbhh  Iixv
;
ihIi[hj Yx 
 i  PxMm[ b[hshb,
bd i[ ibb bxbh;!x xbdfj bi
T[bibi"
[A i hbbxbTYih bhi#h[fhd[A i%$Tb
xb2TKxbhbY&x[#Pd2R' 
"b ()T*i +'PbT

b<,d h!- T.
+xv ib x+0/b bi T1|  T bT[b!
[;,bbb2C fbhhjYhj,b^ b,2i 2bbh[A 3
b+4<x25,12 h.

'idb2}76 h.98Kbdxi1:<h;Tj<R)= ,>[ i.?#!@


xA= CBDB>B1EFih5 "v h.FGHD#I@JGK1K@ML>K1B1BYxNO= Y#1
I j (PO1x
8KxijR.
QR?}#PSKDUT
I '
VD#W1L1ID1FhYX/# 5
j h[< ZFHBDK@M[UGE@MB1B1K>[
^\ ]._a`cbdef<ghi<jkmlJi<naoqp,f<i<bmpYjri,pYlsot`ciulvdlMpxw;ky._a`cfM_zy.p,bd`cbJkJls`c{#gkJi<d|y}`ckJ_e2gk.kJ_#imf<e2h~naoci<kJiot`cbJk.eYwf<e2jks`c{g#kJelJb
dg#ikJep,j|pYdh9`cj`cbJkJlMpYks`c2ie,2iulJbs`c2_k<
11>  )6I >11

1>1  6I 111


   

 

    s 
D1 D
D1 B
D1 L
D1 G

?YXTbi; i%=! 


=h* @M? 1b
 dx T 
 6jR,X |dbbi T 

 !
B D !%b i%Yb$
B B %r='&(&P#j
B L r% ='& 8KhbhP& #)
B G r% ='O
& =bb& T*
B GH!D 8KTdbh=bb 
B GHcB Y[ jR =bbU 
B K r% ='& 8Kh[ 'P& #'
B [ r% ='O
&
b ;T 
B [!D 8KTdbh+P& iU,
B [cB <[b*8KTdb2Pj-
B [cL ihi 
B [tG
% TNi< 
B [cK 8KTdbxm=2xb-
B [c[  
B [3T +
  .
L D dbxhi(
L B 6x3jRbdb v& ; ,
L B!D Y[ jRi0
L BcB 'Pb%=2xb1
L BcL ixS=bbU2
L L 6x3jRbj3
L L!D T4
L LcB Q
hb11; iPh[=Rjbh5
L LcL Y i  ()T ? ,[
L G d 6
L GH!D
b1+6x3jRbdb -& !j ,7
L GHcB Y[ jR8 Mib
% Y i Mbzxbi 
L GHcL 8KT5& [ 6ix3j bT 
L GHtG 8KT5& [z8~
:9 u

; < >= P
@ ;BA /CD= EGiF ?H 

11>  )6I >11


L
G

#"

K
E

DI
D B
D L
DG
DG
D K
D K
D [
D [
D T
DE
DW
B D
B D
B1B

/

B1L
BG
BG
1B [
1B [
1B [
1B [
B T
B1E
B1E
B1E
L1I
L D
L1B

?
I;

1>1  6I 111


   


  


 h[YiRi[f ,T> xA  %


,^ i =Rh[ T &PRi u %r='& 
RA2sTbfihx2 ih[x Pbbi#MhbM^YXb bN 
H
 i NPx cEMxib<[<dbihb,; brb;,jRi j
[ iTKmhbR2P xi 
TUq, hdb Xd@JiThj
i  ! ;,T Tr %r'
= &
TO NPU#"}G  "}G>B%N$JH  $JMN"
^T[;bbz[ YrXh@Ji;xx<bi[R hi [#3!
dxjhb23!dhj
idb23!hfiTdjazQ
,d h!- i(q!1mb%q3T3P
hiiT b*[#M 1! b;b7Yd2bbi b;b7h!7"h
h;bChbM"bbb#!@J<[& % 6 !x7D<brhbMP iCiT[ brb
2Pbbi#PhbMh
 h3Ybbf xRTbxh $T}
[h,bdbTj , Phb23!h
hj} ihjTK[iTbj hKbiRfTK Pb bThb,I x;
}[<bTiYjh
b x3j bbYif Ibr bhbbxbY[b

h[x2;x*ih#bRb 8
' iR[ ihd h
ifxb[ bf $Y( %) i [ iTY[
xfb!
h%
' iRxbhd 2hifxi;*$T,2 i,bhiR2 i<* %
' iRK[
R;2s;T #bxd
Th R;bbPbij mXh()T@
ib1 T[bx[ix=T
bhj#[ TiiYXRj;bi/h@
 h,
j,bi/h; mY[bijaij%
'+ %hd 7h*Xh(C
h[x7bbb^i $Tb, % + (* ii- %
iRxbhd
iYCiiT,* %
hb 2xb1>+ 33hT2T q3ii,  %r'
= &H  %
,
iZ=Rh[ T & i1[ i i,bx hbihbibhbbTijh3<
Thb23!hTdj;T[b!b [ .* %r'
= &[i bY
[ ,| 
Hz@
ib i 2sTbi;h2hxbh $T
ibdU bfxb
bfiR%XhYChb23!dfxx. u4
xDW1W/D 2
bxh (b1 hjTi  Tdj 
;iTh Rb*b
x[T3&Y1Nj(  bfhjiXh8
0 ^fbx/IMf fYTbMIIMi
021 ^YbMMMx fYbMMhxvIfMTb
0 ^dM iYMMbf 
0 ^d d KYM
Td<R[/TI 
0 ^d}Mbf}IMTYhTMMd/bMdMTb b KIi MbMx
M
MbMTKMf}
021 ;Mdd hMMx/ R[d<Mbx/dTfbdPM[7 bMb
/bIIv M
}b1 bKiih
RbIb,T
bhjTi bbihK 4 3xhb23!h
hj6 50 XTij< xfb1 ixv#3!^hbbbh[
iRiY b


!

11>  )6I >11


7

1>1  6I 111


   

End
User

Knowledge
Based System

End User
Application

(KB)

(EUA)

Knowledge
Based System

Knowledge
Engineers

(KB)

Database
(DB)

Database
Administrator
(DBA)

Knowledge
Base
Repository
(KBR)

Knowledge
Base
Administrator
(KBA)

Active
Sensors
& Effectors
(AS)

Real
World

6 !b D 8  
     "!#$%& ')()*),+.- * /01  "!%#% 2)()*)3354678#946!
*):;*) 46<9 =4 )*/46# 1*)& >/?@$4 *)&?* /046A@$47?@'1 & BC=$ . =*)C5467D#,&@$;& .=
:10=EE 47?&*)4  1F
1  "!%#% G"(1"*)
FH =*)=#$1F 1  ./E4 *;47I9=$ %)/J"KD?*3)()*)31+GLDMCN05467
E/46O;46 (& E=E$P*546*);?I*)4  354 *@1  "!%#% Q)()*)31F=4 *@$R)P S=EE= 47?*)4  5 =*@$T1 & B%!
#$ ,"(1"*)31+
0
0
0

M
bMvMTjbvTMTx
M
hMPMdK[
Mb
hYM b b [ MM M
MrMUjjd
M
bP Vb jTM Md b
K,fTxfb M

B NIG}UZY"[iL;J "  ?2"KN]\^Y)[G []_  L[iGa`QKL$ [Db


%
7hi^bdb  ;ij2hx!ib^TqPbhY[x, fhb23;Td^hj
dxbhi 6 !b D1
XW

c ed;/;>f5f = [  h
g1cd;;i + x Xhr[Y$hb idx!;b*

iY i#!-Ribhb x+ i i I @JXdi


ih#/ 3[x;b1h!-TjPd#m2PbOTP ixd ^h[
fRbfjY# T;bbbh
$i(<; i2xb

' /CD= EGFi'jfiE

8 k?H=Qg  ji + b XdRij@JXh}[Ih 3!@


,b2b%: Y xiibbb$jN @Ji<bY,Thx
j,xjribY i u ?  i^;Ti Md Tjhfb2T$hb; i
hbTXh()T1ib": <lK,"hbbdqb iTi2j

11>  )6I >11


m

1>1  6I 111


   
jUi<T!ij br  jfTibbizXd@JiT^<<@
bihT2Td<dx TY23M
jfi  fv / g  j2
i Ybx[ b x Xh@Ji <b
' / CD= E GFie
33.iYYbdb,rIbYixvzXhiYhbh
h[b #3s   

       KrXh ibihb, 33bxj[bi2, b Xh1Qb
<qih[x,|q3iX#Ybi [hi szXhi~q3i
b!19rXT
bxhjTi ^ iCbiTi!hq<bf K, jifhh[bj xiC     
      [xi , x2jxh!. dbTu; idxd K"Xh()T@
i
iZXd@JiT<b%  Ri

, iHk?H=gj>ji + b  xThi#I jiRi,b Y


i
b ji xx* r3 ib,hbR^i[bh<!1%ix
jUiK<b bI<dh[#3!f, dj/ im b bTi^!b
bibK b
j i#Pj xiI R,dRh;-RTKbh<1m jihh[bjRbI[};biR,
Ibf jUifh!.hhb<2 i;hbhi|Tb [ i
; !mm  >gj i ^ri#[;i[hfTbb%b(;@Jx i
:<ih T!iTj *x#3 j;TjYbiR bfj[bh2h[  irbi
i$ThIb$jI b !X2!bb[h /(ad ir[h/(q3ibb/U1
^2Pxi.fixv#3!i[hbAb1I b2PbjbiRfTx<!^2Pfbi T
bYb(m<[
"

^

[ & " $ [iO( 


#%$ '

[iL

>T xibY<b (q!;bridx! hbMTbYH<b%hP i


2
iT[ b
i9 ihYIT[h[Tb }i#DB9(B M*)|D/,+ DKbh[#
dx T<hiKYh<hiS6 !xrBY!T
ijRi PxhbM
[
.
h <hj  hbM[hbihbhifxx 2; 
iRdb   %r'
= &=
hbx|KY ,dbx
[}dx Txi;iY [ ib"Xh()T@
i<bI i"Xh@Ji,<bxYbb i YYdxbI[}b}dx@
jR; Xd i2 rx bYj
ib
jUi
ii 92Pbja
6TPb[ xb %r'
= &,[,TP<j iIbY vT Xd@Ji
<b i#j<bihj
ixTRjiiTj 92Pb
c d; c d;   [  u9:
jY
br x9:"Yi

b bx$hbhj[,%Tj#Xh()T@Ji<b u ?.Y^Y
,T
hiZi2|
c d;

j, IbjRi[br Xh()TK.Xh@Jirh!/ Timb Xh@

i;xx
,j}b [ i<[
,/Ki x2 i[
i
Rbh[
h@
h

c d;  j <xbbb;bbdjR Xd u ? bTb


T[ A u ?. bT[hh[b,1bbixb1P ibhb TiTYb,@
biTS ?z + hhbbbx%Xh()TY#*iY[<X,bi1Fb2Pb;i
b Xd@JiThh[bjRb xhbM[2PixbN;2Pib
h/ i,bhbM1

11>  )6I >11


-

1>1  6I 111


   

KQML

End User Application (EUA)

EUA

KQML
KQML

KnowledgeBased
System
(KB)

KB

Interlingua
Knowledge Base
Repository
(KBR)

Interlingua

SQL(Distributed)
Database

Active Sensors

KBR

DB

AS

6 !b BI8 61*) $=Z46*) ?.=


:1hOX
   61*)6 ?0@47?@ ;2 =#   4 *@ LTM9NG/
*@$E/46OP(0  ? 1 3*@$4 9"K P*+ LDMCN. =EEP*,*@$.?: 47?*)4  .461*)$;?*)4 : =3  ?  E 1*
46$ =E$ =* *@$ ? *)1*  =1 , % C*0?$@$=1,46  *)4  B+@1=%Q =#$  61*)  461: $C 4 $*)
*@1=%3461*)$  ?&3@$47?@, E 'E/46O;46 ( =E$:*@? *)1*5  *0#3 ?@$=B :+
c ;
d >,
j j i }T) ? x xr23jU[PT/%& i% "i; b

PM <!#X
jY irI 1@Mb1!A~q3iIT[bibbd}b17h
jx[#vbhij i!@bhi2Pd[b16 IijRi1dxr"8 &,h[ !
j(!-ribb<N/%&}@JiO ?f T^bbhf bhbC[Yb
dx T*[;j i %[ Tiix^"/ %& m @Jibx2 jii
b
bh[#vx"XhYixYdx2q!hTbIbfRjf ihb, xb
hi#Rjia
c d;9I <qPbiirbx112i#rh!hbh!@s2j i b1

#bT / <2Rm@s2jRi j<2Pd[.^|q3KYT[bibbx1Yi,@


i<b, bi;bj i 2<hi T;$hh| 2Pfb
xhfTbfTi#<1

j  Ri
h[brb2PPbdxjbiRK Xh()TK Xh@

iA<bi<;i bja*Q
[ b"[ iTO
h[bAb;2PxbYb,dxdY b
hTb Zi;2Pibi T
h[[bi< KbMhb<i bT;ihb" !@
Zi  'Pb u  h[XTiA h[ #2T; i,2s;T*
b,b
hb1 < jx.i xfi bm Nxjx!i^ i Nbj i^[ xrbi b
bhbjxi "[ Ti[Yxixv;h[ TO[ iUix22Pibi Tb
hbh
2PxbiY  Ri 
h[xbi i[ x1mbbf iRjb2ihjzb
b!j} Xd }b< ,ri vbz ()T %
, i =Rh[ T &PR@
iT)
u %r'
= & rTbihb%  %r'
= & [r , ,ix 
^h
Xh()T@Ji<bi Xh()TfbdbFbixvhbd) Rir #
11>  )6I >11

1>1  6I 111


   
,bj h
bU10i Y;b* %r='&Ab1

j2%
ir>b2bTb"Xdxbhj i< 2s;T i

j 2>j, PYUXXh@Jixx2P!}[IhjUbi I#3Hi

j I  Xh()T@Ji<b i# Aixj hx7ixj^ i

i[bh #[i b Kbxi bx Kx %r= &  YX b..h3bh[bTh [


ri xfbbhhd [R,ib d xfbhxbRi,bihj i
Mbi#hhx "i< d fTj[h
ib ?z#bTbh[#YihKh!,dj
;bb Pib, i1RjbdxhjYbxh $aixh YdHj!
[};b1xb;, b jx;bRi j}biR2Ph[+ ? jRi jKRb
i&;xh
b,T Xd@Ji2<b)23M Q/Y@dx; bdx
xY Pdxb! Af b

 i;xh x|bYbh[ )bhxfbir Ib| %r'


= & Tb.
hbTfi M, hb, .98Kbj/rhb T.
$Thb133j
biR
%Xd1fbiR Rbhxi h[%ib i1X  ix[#IYb<[

!fRjiY<bN>
h[bZ33#[!i#xi }biR,b$Thb|XhYvRb1
h[i2 [
23ihbhC(Ri,b1i!;
xj i jT!- T.

 j  j Mhbjxi } Xddxdm[ i jbT h[rbT Xh()T@


i<b bXd@JiTxx hbM1#bT!
xdbxi#
bbdjRi} jx.Irdx<Ti[ PR,iTbj iYbfRi+ %r='&jX
i YbU1IYiY Mhb<i#!/ xYb
hbbi#Ii[bi2,b$Thx
fi bhb1Rafh2dr K2Phj#i bhb1 <[f TbYi b
Ib| 


j >
j, ;Tb bRi^h2hY[r ;b;iS ?9 TxqrYiY@
[bhb zXd1  b7bxd* ? b,bdC i2Pd!1
bx bN
^ix;biR*[h!h;i2 | ?7Ci"332 2&xi21 rh
1/,@hb;xbibbU CTYb[bh[ xi

j  h[hbMfhh
<XYi1

j >j <[b!b, jiTIi<b Rb; i jUhb jxbhj i}b


>
i i,ib, i i^# 3 Uhq<1O8}i[bi2b$Thbri ibxi2xb[
h[ <b2[ !2!2, bbY b i,j[hr xY, Ib| %r='& ,X
j I7YRji ii b
XTKiRji[bhb}v b Txq
>
bT h  /%& brhj  iTb i*b<YX b1+  rY=
jUifh!C <hHbCbRbi 
7  h[<[YY, h Idb 1AijY xf!ihjY IhbR.
x;Tj 72Pbi7RbZ|hbAiib 2sxj[ ibh[
dx T1
hb23!dYxb [,#
11>  )6I >11


1>1  6I 111


   
F IO  b [ \N O  (bNPO2?2"KN]\^Y)[G [ &/"$ [iO $# " [
^[hh bb/fTii"<h x T[Th h[ hb2!@
!dhj 8        d   d Y i         ^h;Y[ bh[[Y
2Pi i! [# b
,bT[h[^h"i bbh iC[ 2<b,














< R kv fT!<TiT;ixfbhb @


h[ TihjrT h[h^bixv dbi ihiihix/ 
hj 6 2P 1} +<b,Ibb ih[x,
b;b2PiTdFI3<b riTbb T[22Y
iRh,@b>@i h X 
<b,bTbf Tihr[bbTj#TbiTdjaFK
qI<b>[Th; 32R T9X9M2xxx1 H!1[YX@
ih j2xxbfx KTh
[b Yx Xd
d"Y Tb
hjFir3<b [iTbb% bdH

$  s R  m 2 jxhbbb2Ti iTbhTb;b 
h[b hjr#
i;hTfbbT 2<bN Mj jxhxbb1I#3<b Tihjr b
Xh(<
h!;1Ridxfixvj<923}bRbhi9M2diR[
jxhbbb1 #3<b%ihj bzXd
2 h!21 ibfxvj
jT2qIbfhiR2 Ib
bY}P
jxhbbbTi xbPxT[i*<xx h!r <h x#3
hjPixds
<b b<ijRbji
<b h!Y"
h[br
hj, iri b[xi ;
 2qI
hb; i #T;!ri b[xi .
M;xx
1<b [
b2!2h! i;b"bCXd
; i 23!@
ihjxdChbjT2iTdjarb [ bx1Phi [ jxhbbbbj
h!! i2Ph!<b 
h[xhb23!d,hjY# i;hrb^R 1
ibb r&xhx R^b2#3 bxx b,i b^Yfb
b
hjbh


< G H H^ [ 

h[ >Ti i b+xdixbh[x< b


h[ i<Ahb23!d,hj 8KTh R i;<hibbTi 
h[x
fbfTb[hf# 3 Ub, b
hxYbYbUd
C3!
bb Kz/#[Ib <hixbih[ (q ixd#
bb [i b[#Pbj ij
c P H f = T ^i h,%bbj iRj<b bhbbx"/ Y7#^bT!@
iiaR6 ji h2Ahi2iAd 
xxbx; f
Xh()T@Ji<b [b,dx,bb2P 6bb#xb2 b;d"i
<b<,hi,b2#Pf<b d .ii#TbY#2br!@
b, YYbrijY2dr Kbhi1#iTb!X2!1brii#Kx 3q
i2Ri#!- ixi rTh;b2b,R M2i,h%&Ybij2d
xhi1 Pi r bh[<>; <b iYih2bN
 8)@MIhibjRRb
3[iTj !!@M<b h!^ R22bbbi h[#
h[1 i;b%DW>W1B"Mhb b
6T!hq<Nixj , b| 
<bfr Rh;<b%h2hj/qC3!@
j Y
j dhI ifhddI[  ir[ bI i#!-rbK[ "brbi
bxj ibj T!h3<1
Yh2[
biRjb!- 
' < ! 1 k
 dY@b1@iRhY!<1 Xd@JiT<b%b
bY2P




11>  )6I >11




1>1  6I 111


   
$/ P  jR[Y jxhxb|Xh
2
<b h!
H7H^  
<dixbTi
' < 
Ti<b jxhbbbbTi[h[dd2;;;<b +<h x2f#3
h Y hjP b#Ph b2! D#Iih bfxhi bdd2;^!T
j#3xx b>Z2Pi fbrb%x  

3 ,;bjRiixj 2 [@
h r[<[  jxhbbbT
hibjR<b bb>b(TPb
2P*DB,b DE,hbif    s       Y      <b*U;Tf1@
hj 
h[b,b
xK mhI[bYYbiTdja4 A#3
bh[dd%i i <hqbhbjC[bf3[j !rbi ;brhi21
x Xh@Jixx Tihr[33ihihdx;1 i Y[b 2
dbTj i[j< K <!2xTb#/ 3[rbT[ h<bNib#1

h[x;[,b b,jYh| b}diaHY*b< IbfT[b!b
bd}%
h[b;xrXh@Ji;<b,KiRb[xi b[}jXdbTd};b
h! d 
b Xd@JiT<bN; dd2;<b
xi jb;- 
' < ! 1 k  dY@b1@iRhzbYiY I[
/ P   jR[Y jxhxb|Xh
2
<b h!
' $
H7H^  
<dixbTi
i2T<dixbhi
' < 
,ii# jxhbbbZ%3qfi[h[;Td<! <b 
h[xZ[ Y
h iTdjaRb#Pd x2; DI1I,HI bxhijRb;h!!Ahb b
<bN zd .jUXbR[ T2P b x+ 
  i% x R3[
bC# br3 ,2xj ibj T<b [irbiTdj<bi C
bxbd  T   P               ".R3;TqPj ( b
<bhbjT> Rh;<b R;XYiYRTY Ibibhj#bb
^bxh+bb;# i2#
dx,h Xh@Ji <b 7b,b
hi2f dd2;;<b,. b
xI Pbbxh l }bTh<b 
h[x
hbbbxh [bIT Rb2! # 3 U<b<[ h<bZ bK[ h
<b #Ni;,b2bii b2T3Pbdr[ +(xbi !T[ b2!12P
[
xb#YiTbd (q!i h Rh
,X*
b,  R=(xbi !
h[bC
iC hhv,b1^TbYi bj< b(Tj#3xxN|jhYb2T
bh[TbXd@JiT<b>d= l bThfxx iiUb<ib@
j#3!;vRbYbXh@Ji<b
Ri ifm j 2Ihi [YR
6xb xNXh@Ji^xx b ih2 2  R^b1Tj }
Yxif d} P1hbbh<b}[ iY db 2Ixj ii xd
Rdb!1
Y!h<!T<b xi jb;- 
' < ! 1 k  dY@b1@iRh[Y i bhTh R
/ P   hi [f bhbbr3;%Xh
2 xx h!2
' $
H7H^  
<dixbTi
i2T<dixbhid<!;<bxi
' < 
'

























11>  )6I >11


1>1  6I 111


   

 

  ()T%
Yf i|= h[ &P Ti < %r='& [I9[ TiRif bx[ b
bxPbbbYh!%2Ih[ Rrdb23!hfhjMRNiYi
"[ TirT ^ [ ^b>j %xhbjzb^ ;hb23;Td<b*<<u
xhb23!h2<brbhbjhijR!2!^7x1 !T  A Y;bi
 %r= &[ ihixYbi 2[ iU|b<hd#PCRi2Rd[0i
#[iYih<bx
h[x*bi bKi
ib9[ iT 1tH!
 ih* 

[L J " /& L L UZ[L  "}G>FL/L U b V!$JMN "


$  s R  =}iR HSfP zhj33Iuhh[#3!Nii j RbYbb 
h[b#*
W4

bh7bb 2Thbb,i2T7i  b;xh bx*q3Yi#2


b2[hb, bjRiixbi h[ M1t z8~
:9u
bbR fbN2^
^,bTbUKbi [fRi2&xdrb;ix2>b@Mhihj
^xh7#
xhb2x  ( b<,X ^2#[A
bxbKb%i, bT[ bb2b#,^b22xi ; 
h[bOi#S R,
h
M 1dihxfTTbTib i Y h[ Udfb xbbbdb b
1i#Mhbb i 
xhi [#3! ,2 iCN1

< G H H^ [    P  %r'= & 33ixfj#Ih h[ 


 hj#j#ihiihh2Tii  ^2TiT.},ixjrdxj2@
i 
h[b^T3P2bh Rhj}T! xh
b;Td
M 1!}iRh,@b>@i h* 
"23fbxrb hb^ fhj
M 1!}!@
 O  xTi.}ixj;b^x b;xxhhUdfb
2P[x<! 1tH!*Mhbb
hxb ib}d"i- xd"iU[hbb. M1 H!x
3brb
 d
 
2  j  fT ^hY[  !;hbb R)xd M1tH 
3b;  z<6@MiXT^hj<dbxbC+ bbz i6 5 2| ii#TiA!
<hibxh[x<
 bYbTbUsi
b     Y92qI       Th R.


8 k i i H f  T ;bi#bbhj hTb  rbdfihY@


!Z2M[rY b bjRi1FKbbhYhj ir3!- &[<@2Pbbi
bjRibb i<;bb;xx Rbxxb Ib,Rxfdxd9[#
hii,TbYhbh,@s[ i ii; i # Ybbhb,KbdTbbR,1
b, Ixbb
ih[ T"[T3qiTbxvbbdjRi H[j b
<h"i2}b<ij2h i 
dYb, h2djix"8KTD
&[NXTj
,Td
h.
b.
+  !, fj iRjixbdx>bzQ/=Rih#
#bT[h ;hb2!2 iT[bbh,bfhbd< xYbbT

m h km <[fR[b ^T[b;x^bTd# ^*q3^b2hT2T


hi; i bhb,; bh[ 
h[x 33 #3 hx J bi
xhP[v
bixjPxi1    ;         T   d <f  b 
    

h  d     x         %         d      ,  


  d  j     I  x ;I    T     !
 #" $ &%    d % ('
      )




11>  )6I >11





*

1>1  6I 111


   
Application Language
SMTP

Transport Control

Internet Protocol

Ethernet

HELO

TCP HELO

IP

TCP HELO

IP

Application Language
(location x:airport long lat)

SMTP

(e.g. LOOM, Prolog)

Transport Control

ApptoFac
Protocol

MSG
Type: {query}
Language: Prolog
Content: (location x:airport long lat)
To: "application"
Topic: ....

ApptoFac
Protocol

Internet Protocol

FactoFac
Protocol

Deliver
From:
Address:
Msg:
Protocol:

FactoFac
Protocol

Stream

Ethernet

TCP HELO

(e.g. LOOM, Prolog)

MSG
Type: {query}
Language: Prolog
Content: (location x:airport long lat)
From: "appliation"
To: .....

Stream

6 !b L/8  $  *) $*?   $47?&*)4  4    $& 0#( EP* ?:)*)?$54 *@ =4 )*)46?*F 7 !X = $

 &(1P1+ : 47?*)4  .#*   46*)7 4 B$1*9B$1*,@ = ^= ) #0=  $ #( 'EP* ?: )*)?054 *@
4 "*)46$?*F: 7 !X = $  (1$ +

0 i  MhbjTiI zXd@JiT<b i#YT3PbhmXTi ib i<@


bb
h[b*q3mb$hbbhYxIbi fx
+ i jr<1@i*@
iRY[  ihbj^hj<#2i hb, i Xd*h b
}hTb Tj}vI i
biRfb? 9#
b9YXIib#m#1
Xh()T@Ji<b b3 RIbTbT/ i<bix <
b 
8  918 = h!^bTd +8} ,DW>W/D z6bb#hbjTi
T%Xd@Ji<b,#Nixb|bb i2 if i? 9 z11@
[Y 2bi ^bb<  2b ibia hT2Tdr hh2Kb
bfxj ibTiY ,hb23!hhj<[fCb jxbh[rYb+ %r'
= & x^b
i[h;,x,bx1 T2Th ,X/U2 
h[b [ribhj#3!
hj#bzX,bbYRbix
Ib| %r'
= &^2Pb#

. sR =>f5f  ii

 *  %
,RiN= h[ &PRi u %r='& }[Y
[ iT i,rbbmbixxh! 2h[ 2RYhb23;TdYhj
MI iifTP[ TiIR [ x1j bdxjb db23!hK<b
r<Tb,dx2q!h2<brbdxjhi !2!7b14!T ^
,T
bi  %r'
= &^T ifhi;TIxbiR  Rizb;f<hd#P i h[
Yif#[,iYih,xb'<h xOxibi b[ iU
M 1!PjT [
h* 
:,xbRbdx rT2hb^h[ iAT b!bAb1@
bHrYijfT Uj E 6 !xAL,i j Kx j i jCbb
jT,X<T<,XYh[  Mhbb
bKbTf ibjYX< x [ @
2PbbMT;bh[T|=
  *   
i          i, Kxrbb [b
 2xbmZ
h[b^ Y[bi#3!;2Pibi T~6 b , 3= l iRh 'T|
h[ "b; b/qib=
^bTbU  MK,TXh(  Pb
hj 3[< xYbb[
h[xb<
h[ .
A bhT2Th  q[ ^ xdx bib^h[ T hb23!h
hj hih9xb jYXxj ib Xh()Tbdxb Mhbb 
iT[jR 6 !b%L22;xb,X  xifb,h2
 %r= &  ^bbiRb* %r'= &bxKjT,X,[Y ^ [ bb[T b
jRi jZQ 1h2 i,bhi
bfb2[h[ .
 Y
m% * PjRiz
IbxMiib %r'
= &=dbi i,[h@


11>  )6I >11

1>1  6I 111


   

Application

Communication

Two

One

Application
Facilitator
Interface

Message

Communication
Facilitator

Communication

Network

Content
Application

6 !b G 8 DL M 9N BE/"%4  Z?=9# *@1: 1:@1*  ?:1%4 "*)461, ?:1*)*ZE;"%4 :A?=E1&  *) 046
)B;=E=E$ @$47?@94 46* = ?=E1&  *) 46?: 47?*)4  3/=EE+

i^bbKjYX%b^ TYbb[#j 8
hbhbbT RiTh R.
 [Tj b h3YiYb2[<T,XbjRiixbi h[Z
? @2B%D%D  Q5[iOTL
A
%r= &=2PbxiR%ifxhR
i  Ihbd2Pbbi i[ b
,bx"
j |
h[x[ Abbi i[ b=+;Th RO
jRiY

6 !x*GHhib"[ iU[YbTdYR<Tzi^T;T[hAdb;xb"[#j 8fTdbh


bx ih[ .hbhz[Thj ifR^2Pxb"[ Ti

h[xihrb Xd,bZi2N?} i;bTdbhY[ri1$T,b  %r'
= &
b,bbU*[#R bx|<h xhb!ibTdbh M 1b [ i
[Y2Pbb.bdx11;fxfRib"XiA ix+rbbhj M1t !P
bb;
*$T,& Kii#Ih[ %2I
Ti  #<  bxKxb
bx|<h x^hb!ib 2Kh[ i jRbjmix<b hh<2
b;ih iAbxhh; iO<bbTh R^[r hbN<hixbi
<hixbi
W4XW

R kmEh %r='&,X}bhjbTdbh9[T9Q
 ,i
b^ 2h"iY hbh[ TiPixz z & cL/M zu6 cE/&Q Qr= tG/M  3Kbi
<,hb23!d,hjYAbh[b [ Ti,b;ih[ .2h
hhKTKbYihfxi P
Th[2b       ix z<6^biTb
Xh()TiRHKhd}ix
<fUd
b
ibYb hbbi( [ Ti
biY}bh[ %[ Ti2bYxbM

<

/F km/d ;xb [#[i bihbx,bi 2 [


[ !Xbi#rbj ibb;x Tbf [ .fbbYRbf K<*#
<d dxdbbUY ihY[ j xb  3hbh 5xbhj iY,h@
b KhR'Xh|,Pb,h 3Y[  (5xb bYi
b iYxbif RTdTb [bKiR1hb[hfhbi< xr#
<d} PhTb ,bi bYhq3i? 9b!1i i,xxi#shbhbbTKh
i<Udfbxz[# #[+fbTd<
)
3ix^[# 5 Q
f
bYhiTbj h bx!bbxJUi
xfdxd[<i XTiC 3ixT 5r
bbdj  2bb.i*$T,1i biTi1i ;bx
bx1hj
    T )  hbdrbbU[ri^x2hb!iN$T,1IbbT^fTb
b;T!dxibdxd[ iU1MI[bbhb,I  ~<d
ij2hI[bRb =O, 7 i
hb hY2dI b
#bbi fRbb!b@J #

11>  )6I >11

BJ

1>1  6I 111


   
i j i;b%8K &v Xj ,h<x ff322Pi bx
[ $,,2Pbb zu6+
h[x22Pi<!;f ix <h

 
   
  ! #"$%&'("&)*),+./ 021 1 '21    43&
/ 021 1 '021.020 

%5687:9&);625=<>/ 021 1 '202 =/ ?@ )A 7=(5' ? 6 ?  BA2 )/ 021 1 
7=65 62C):"62*CD=/- -

Y         v hY[ j T;bbT[Kibrb[hj hbR


b;hbdxb bi fx2h|33rjRb i [ !X;x2b!1;h2@
[ j Tif OiAb;b [x;,T[) 1tH!#32l 3 i< $TiriTfb[#
bb< YX 5  iCbb [xT,[ M1tH! 32
h
b*|Xbbh
^x" T^
,ZYX 5 2%1hdjT[#3;1};hY Rj A[f ["
diY2d
[bf x 8 &^ i 
hx h2hj bY#bbi Rbb!b@J #fi ji
b8K &v %X YhIb #
3(2P fRibi
Td
 * * [332b,2PbTbbi<2PbbO z<67xbb
RKbhd
",X T<[,dx111




E /2
F
  (8)) B
 E  /==021GIH ? 62B
 
J
F
  (8)) B
K/021 1'2 1    L3I
K/021 1'021 020 

%85687:9)I;6252<MK/021 1'20= =/ N?@ ) A7=(5' ? 6 ? IBA=)K/021 1


7=656=GDOCD
>-- -

< G H H^ [  5 km/d 
mbKh[ T [# hj2P xi    T  .i,X@
<[

j
bi,rbbTr
h[x2ixiYh[ 2Rbb!bix;
;xvRRbih ibxhhj" iYX/r[Yxbhb^  |
dfi
2hY[rb bT
 8~ z  i 
dx h2hjr b#bxi  xb!b@
/(,i jib 8KT &v OXTj ,h<x  ^br32P 1
[  * * [iT<dixbTi$Y;b  R  * * J 8


/3  P .0  ( ?QQ +


 0R( ?8QQS
J ERET '2U QQ +'+++IVW+YXZ+ Q + S SS W+
/0  %5687:9
/0=1 1
J.
 
 G
  !  1= [ .'21  ;  
/021  1'=1  .  \3
/021  1
7=6562C):"862*]/---

+-

? @2B%D_^N" $ [(" $D  Q5[iO


A
%r= &AXTK,bhj
Ui
xhbh[#)Q
[ iUrbizb
d"i hbh [ iUIix| z<6 a`T &Q Qr= tG M  qb,u,hb23!h
W4"

11>  )6I >11

/7

1>1  6I 111


   
 hj b+h[,bb [ iUbi2;h[ .>h[;hh,
bYih
bi} iITh b R     ibm z<6bibXh()T
i  M
hh
#3( uhj9
 bibYb
hbbi#.[ Tibi}b
h[ [ ibfbTbU 

? @2B%D%B [L L  [D  Q5[iO
A
bbT*[#[ibAihbbU;bi   R T !Xbi#
bjRibbAbRb [ .,bbU b,
uZj#
<d dxd
bx
ihY[ j bbU9 3Tdbh 5bbfTdj/ihbTRh
rXh%i^Usx^Td# 3Y[  ( 5bbUf xix=Ri;b
bi f 7Td}b [xjiR i b[hhbi, YbNTj#<hi
hTb bi IbUdq3iRi"[;XTbrb! i bbi(vdxd9i 
bx
hu2Tdja
;bbT*[# 7( 2bTd f 3ix7 # 5 Q
; x;d
iTbj h xb!bIxxJ;i}bYdxd 9
iRXTi 4 5b; 5xbhj
 2Tbb.*$Y1ibi1iR;bb
bb1hj
W4

/Fi
 hbhbbT[ibhb!if"$T,1bbTxb2}!
hbi2bfTdbh9[ i1 M}[bbhb [z
d<ij<2d[xf b
= ,7 i 
hKb, hY2hjI x#bbiRf bb!b@J #i jixr8}
&[ZX; ,h}Tb 
dx!XTjR,hj
x 8

IMhbj I dsfb [ h b/hMbMhMbjx b

7 x/ jKhdbM
M MMM
MfxM d

Mb dfMT
d KfIM K IAdbrIMxMM

bM mMmdbMrPMTMx[M }Md<mdrTI M bmMrj

bM% MMbfRb;MYKM Ij fIMT;x


 M 

IMd IjRM/^ b jbMj7,Mx/bd; Mx/


h
K3Y2P <bbTI[Kz$Yf2Pbbr* zu6C
h[x2Pi<!
i<
[h

 ; < 



 



!

#"%$'&($ *),+

?A@B,-
B,C "



- ./103254367,8:9<;=>

BED,

D,


F8G/HJI3KLGMI/HNG3O

PRQS

?A@B,-
B,C1@!B,@

?A@B,-
B,C@!

?A@B,-
B,

$ ?

"

@#DU

TS


HV43HJW438X4I30HYG/O!

R Z4 Y9HNG3O


[;'1HJZ1HY9H,>L43HJW1HJ\8XG3HJI3KG]I 

J.
 
  &
  
 "$%I'(")I*) +/021 1'2 1    \9AU
/021 1'0=1020 

%567:9);6=52<>/021 1'2.02 =/ N?@ )A7=(5 ' ? 6 ? 2BA)/021 1


76562G) "62*CD=/--

11>  )6I >11

m

1>1  6I 111


   
=    /Fi
,
 hY[ jRbb<[}i,bfx(T[hj hTb ;KbYhbhKbx}bi
bUdq3.jRb i"[!XYbYx;T1KhY[  i *ibYbR b
,T . M1tH  32 l 3 Ri<m$iUibK[#xibRHYX6 5 s i b
bR b
,[ M1tH! 329
d<b"i|XT2bbh;xz  I, YX 5 2
1hhj[#3!1AhY Rj [ [+<dij2d[b; b 8 & i <d
b/h2djr b#bbi 2 xb!b@J/(,i ji;b 8KT(
&[OXTj
,Td}bR
db!|Xj, ,dj< b 8

IMhbj I dsbYhj j  RTMbM  dMbjhTbM b

ddbKITbMxKMT
[MIMd
rd MMYhMj
hjdxfIbbYMb/hbxMj  /
 /rYbf 
s  bM IMrMhjdbI
 b b bd M
Mh M
dfhMj IhMj
,32Pi 2 TibiRh * * ["33 b2Pbxbi2P@
bb, z<6i<b<bix
Ibhd}"YX <[,hb111

 ; 

 EG 



$ )#



$ @!B





R RHY 
3

?A@





NE /2
 
  (8) )B
 E  ./2=021H ? 62 B
  J 
 
 G())B
/021  1'=1  .  \3
/021  1' 02102.0 

%5687 9);62.52<>/021  1'=02 =/ N?@ )A7=( 5' ? 6 ? BA 2)/021  1
7=6562CDOCD
M---

? @2B%D_^N b b7U#"}J , $JMN" D  Q5[iO


A

b;h[ [#KUdf2Pixi %     %iYX/U[Z
 iRbi
xb 
h[b ixi;TTh R xb!bKib7^ixv T7 Yb
ihRi^bxhhj %iYX/T, bbhb%[*<d,v2h[b; b

 8~ z   i <db, h2hjfRb#bbi  bb!b@J #i/Yib


8K$
&[ X YhTb 
db!|XTj;R,hj b 8

PC

IYY dbYhj 2rbM  xb


fxMf
rbM
} jM I K

I Rb MdbIvMT
Mbh f b j
+
I Rb MdbI IRb MdbKmMjb b  x
A
7
x/dbIIMT}fbIIT}M h
bTbMj;IMK b  d
/M Kx/ }dbj
d}M,MMb
MrMYrbM
Mb
W4



" #

;;'G]I  0 

=4/HJW HJ

7  8XG36G] 943H

.MHY4/2

".-

RQ

"
Q

>LG]

\


%$543OO HJ'&
(#2(G*)3U;' G36G]W+'G 198:9<ZGMZ4/6#G]I  HJ>;, H

G ./GMI/;A4' 0 L

25

P

I/1HJ/
,0*


RI  HL1
0


 =

"2

\G . G]I 


,0*

-



11>  )6I >11

-

1>1  6I 111


   

ddb
IxMb<KTMY fYbMf}MdYbMMjTK

rRR
}P KT
^mI Pf Md }PITY[bP
jMbPfxMb MdPMPh
Mbd MMh
IK IA  I <  bM i
;bY32Pi 1m  R  * * [iT;<hixbi$T,;b [@
" PRQ

RHY4' 

84]. 5HY4/H

84]. 3

8X4'.39HJI

HY43H

84].M9HLI

"2 S

TQS

R \G . G]I 


,0

2

" PRQS



%S

 P



*



**J8

/3 
 0  ( ?8QQ +
 0R( ?QQ S
J ERET '=U QQ +'+++VW+YXZ+ Q + SSS W+
/0  %5 687:9
/021 1

 
 G
  
 12 [ '21  ;  
/021  1'=1  .  43
/021  1
7=6562C):"862*]/---

+-

? @2B%D C[iO(bNPO b  $J H5[iL


A
=bbT
<dI[# Rixj hKi bbh[bbMI  }b
xb2
iTbTdbhRihY[ jR;bbUK i;RbXT;b 3ix2 5 <d
;bb,
i b#1[ iTTh R.=2xb}uhihbb 
iR 3h 5
T 3b 5
bbfhbibfhbd9[ iU1
W4



 < F v/F

hih, vb i %r= &,b ;TIhb!i i2[irb}3(
h2P Xh i 8       , u ?.I[
 Idxi2 [ i&  &
ib1/[ Ti PbrXhzi1h} hbi} x[ Ti
|
h[x+jU;, h2hb & 2Ph[j 8 iT[ b T [ iTYbbiR^b


1/  Rir % ? Rb1


2Pi 1 b|dbxi0P Kb1/[ TiYY
? x j i j T2hb!h;b|Tj i
 i  %r='& [,2x b iij; b dbxi0;i,b[hdJ
hbi Kb" ? %
# ~$Tbhbi< A Ribi  ibj iu Rb,hb
bY10/[ TiY Ib| ?zvh ~ Ri #3;b      T ,80& 
[ iUmmbKhbhjm b$TjPRibIR ihY[ x b


E8


    
 
  !

"$#
%&

       
Y Rb
i fxhbh [ iUrb$j3q1 6 b x
#3 Tdbh[ TiYdxi Pb$Tj}b! bb[h
[
iTbb i; bi [ iU1%[ iT;b$TjR i
bfh R- 
birbY1/[ iTY xz#
? Pbb[hhfxxi xi
bhbd [ i

')(* + ,

-   .  


 /

/
0. !

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,

; 
 
; 0

11>  )6I >11

/:

 


1>1  6I 111


   
dX 
x2bT h#h[b$TR! i2iRi> ix3!

b,bT hXd  b;b i^[ bdbir b,b$*8 &+hb


dxi IbY1/[ iTY j)(' ?z
       
$|
i Yx Tdbhz[ iTTYbT i1+M [Yb
dxd"[ Ti2i,b$Tj h[,b$T; 7T; ii i>
ib3;bb[hXh(I7brbj iu Rbhbi} Pb1/
 RiY j9# ? hbhbi< xYb! 8 &

')1, + 7 * 456 ( , 6 ( .7 86 & 3 8 & ,

/:

  < P
;
$Tj i bT ib2[ !T;- b7bbh2T[bjdx2P |T[bj
hb2P[
i xhbibiRhifbz# ?7Rbrb[h
,3bb#3%b^j[T[bjhb2Pbi hj i^i

b;hbi
b #r ?
b,b[h  b
 %;
2P[x<!2bYbbhT[bfhb2P}bri PbYhbi}bi hiYx#
? 8

 


!  ; ! !  


 

"$#
%&

! . ; ! !   

       
K8 hbd [ iUKbKi bh[Pi x[ Rxb1 m[ b[ @
iY2
bb1


 j     
$
bfbbhT[bfhb2Pb"bbf< #3hbi

h[b brb
,hbii bbxYb9# ?A ib}b[h
^*33bbi r,OXh,bbhj [ iT*33i#
TR,i bxb2fR2hbi i jxh;Yhv
ijRxx[ x%bC#x|/( Ii bxb;[  ,bbxd
T xjYhb2P933}Kbrbu# Pj9/#<[ fxr
U
?7RbYx(T[hrq3iri MbfhM * 

')(* + ,

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,

/:


    
 
  !

' 4
56 (, 6 (

; 
 
; 0





#3bTi( hbib^bbbhT[bj

.
 ; ! 
!  
  

hb2P8

"$#
%&
')(* + ,

 ; ! 
!    

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,

       /: f/

 j     
$fbi
#3hbi ^b # ?> bbT[h <h x jx
b;hbi
i bxb b
hbYbbbhT[bjhb2P

' 4
56 (, 6 (

;#3<bT2hbi"
h[x;[
bx 3!"i
Kx (' ? xb
bbhT[bhb2P8
 !! . 

11>  )6I >11

1>1  6I 111


   
"$#
%&

 !! 

')(* + ,

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,

       /: f/

 j
$bf^dbirb*h
bbT;bbfbxd
T xjdx2P

' 4
56 (, 6 (

b   
T[bjhb2P8




 


"$#
%&

rY b(Tf} hbib>bYbbh

 ; ! !  /


  

 0

')(* + ,

 /:

 


 ; ! 
!  /
  

       /: f/


 j     
 $Ybi f#3hbi^x xbdfT[bTjhb2P 
h[bA jx
b
;dbi<i bbb x
b b>b
bbhT[bTj@
b2P#

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,
' 4
56 (, 6 (

 !! ; 0. 


 

T[bjhb2P8
"$#
%&
')(* + ,

#3(bfbiRbbb"/(}bx[ bbdbib
bbh

 

 !! ; 0.  

 

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,

       /: f/

  d 
 8 &jTYbi hb!i"/([Cbbb /#
h[b2T 
b!
bfbfdbi[hhiNb
^ M
iR/#[;xbb /#
[YhiZ;b# ? Ibfx(T[h*  ?!hh(
b;bbb% #2P[x<!1.
 b[x<!O;bdbi
b|Ybb}[ ,2d
Rsx ? M}bYbbhT[bTjfhb2P* 
 bbb /#fhhKxb 3!;i#
biY bx ( 1
[
i
2Ij bia/ bx vH h[#H #bbhT
Xi;Rb d<1

 j     
$Kbi K(qPhbi,bbbhKT[bjhb2PIbi IRjbb
i xbb%Tb!,b/#fRb
^#
 

')(13
(  8 7 3
,

:

' 4
56 ( , 6 (

' 4
56 (, 6 (

')( 13
(

 8 7 3
,

 

 
,

xh*%3qfxb hihix ( bxi"
h[x9Tbb@
bixi 2Pbx
hihi + hbh[
xdx!hirbd[[ i;ix[#
ix !}
hih^ i;@MhihA!d iYbbR,1


11>  )6I >11

1>1  6I 111


   
v  CE F
Q
iKi#IjU[
T[bj
hb2Pm
hPbT<X|$i9Q
uhi} H$T
<XiYxxbbN # hbi xA$T[Y,Yh^hbi x*8 & 

h
b*Xh 
x
ibj bbb% #1zKb"$T2[ 2Ti^hbi|
b}hbbb <d"I iijRi vb$Tbi i#
xj bbb"/(1)
$Ti!hr<;bRi<iTbj<!dzi"YT3&fT
db!b; i<
x2qb,b[h ixO,X[Ax;ii Ri< hbbhi;b
ir ,X>2
h[x[ i[#3!ixv (>ixbjr[
dR
bYd
b i<*$T.9iiT;;bf ,X>2Pbfx(T[h
!hxddfi b[[ <hbixj b1,hb,bi 2M
:<b,bY[iT[ x T#3YbUqbx ,[;xxi h;T
i<j)3qiRb (q!2hCbbxbdT xjdx2P

i i> $Uib,bbb /( Mi2 jRbi R<@
bi 8

 ; 


   ! / /  !0!

"$#
%&

')(* + ,

  ! /
 / ! !

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,

      /: f/
      /: f(T/


  Y         
 i<jbbO$Y b
^%33|ii ib*@
  Xi hbi1 ^bTj#f h2 hbi N,X&
b x7x^ii (qYb$Tb i<j [;hbb3 b /#
    Mj /#; O   ;b;x$"$h[YXOfx1i!
iTb ix    bb$Tx;b[h,b^h! ix
bY  M#Ph# xj"iTiPYd"iYxi ixi
#Ph,#Kd"R)YX2hjrb%iTb b,b[h
  i
T,Xh
[[
hiZ,bz( ? IbYbT h#
  d   b

b[hK[xib7 i<j Ib xIdb!i hK x
ih;Tf   
 i<jPib[bb! h 
D . vbh K v(qxbbTj2PiRib#3v i<jh!
M 33'fbbbh[ Xi Kdxbm[bj hKbb [
Tb
bi ;f ix#d1 H!TKb|$Y, < ;ihbifi bbx.

   


8Khbb[z
i Yxb[h[h2 bYfiTYbbb^,h"i
i<jYYxi   
 
b" #[  ;xb[h
3qviii jI i<Y!T<Yh3b!IhdiRbbT1
Ib| #f[
fxfbT hz33Tdhi^!2x,xii;
i<jIh3b
bY i<j iibY#3bb,xj
bf2Pi ixi<Yb!Y,dxbxbrbi b23 <Yb,b.z4

i<j q3r;biTbb 
   
% ixRb
 3[1
   h * d 
 
i/} 8 &;Ixi hb; /#[bbb* # 3 h;T ix
b
b$Thb;xfi#Yfxbb /#Ybi }[9bh2bj T Pbxb+ #

')1, + 7 * 456 ( , 6 ( .7 86 & 3 8 & ,


' 5 1 7 ,

, 7

/:

' 45.6 ( , 6 (

'

5 1

7 ,

, 7

;  ;


'

 # 86 *

'

')1, + 5 1 (  # 5



 # 86 *

!/0! 0 

'






 ;  0! :

 # 86 *

!/0! 0 


 ;  !

'

')(13
(

 8 7 3
, %

11>  )6I >11

 # 8 6 *

:

1>1  6I 111


   
h i b<,  #x|#~ ? bbT[hfhd
iTR jhA bbx  #bxjR,[z/i
bY x< /(a*
b<+ # br[hd[#bh[f33~i
2b72;h Rr[ix[#/(  <h xiT[ bbiR
i<j} K ,bbx%/#Rbfj1

 j     
h[
^
hj ibYbi#m$T,*
hYbbb /([ ii
bS$T,[ ihbi;2iRbbb^x+#3ij i biR
iTbixibbx%/#RbYixd[#I i<j
/

' 4
56 (, 6 (

bI<dK $T xh[#di bx1  1! Ib$j hx rb2[ brbYYbj


bh[sY2Pi 1IAb+$T 3x2q M,hbhNTOXh( h>d65 + b
 bdxbbC^bxbb /#Ri b [ hbiP bz"
hdbi
bi  b
x2 Rbxfb
xh[
2Pbb b $T.iiTbT3Pbh9T2 }
2Pib[ Kxx$x iCbb[hbb!hr i<jbiRbrb$Tbz3q
rbihjj i
"$#
%&

  

')(* + ,

.


')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,

')1, + 7 * 456 ( , 6 ( .7 86 & 3 8 & ,


' 5 1 7 ,


'

Y         fi/
 d  
 b fi/


   


(T/
   h * d   f(T/
 
  d       
 8 & jKhYId<Yiv
h[brb2/ hPhbRf[
ii  i Y[i[hbTYb2/Rdr[hi ^x*#r ?>
bYb[h Kb  #r Y i bbb;x;
[b i|TT
bh !X;,bT[ b,bi Yhb!i;Y[xY dri <h x
i<j[%Yi





      /: f/
      /: f(T/

, 7

 # 86 *

')1, + 5 1 (  # 5

' 4
56 (, 6 (

/:



 8 7 3
, %

')(13
(

!/0! 0 


 ;  0! :

:

 2PYbxi i>|$Tr b"XTi 32


i fR ThYb 5mbiR
[f
XTi= K,
jhbi1b b<+ [ ix;bh[zXiA ~$Y 8Q
*
xb
i<b
xi#3;2Tbxh[#Kbbi
j
. i bZ
h[bb
bbi
xY!;hix[#3;b,b i<
b|$T8
"$#
%&
')(* + ,

 !! /
 ;  
 .

')1,2/3, % ( 4
56 ( , 6 ( .7 8 6 & 3 8 & ,
')1, + 7 * 456 ( , 6 ( .7 86 & 3 8 & ,
' 5 1 7 ,

11>  )6I >11



, 7


9

      /: f/
      /: f(T/


Y         fi/
9

/:

J*

1>1  6I 111


   

'

5   # 86 *

 d  

b fi/



  


(T/
   h * d   f(T/
 

   
   

fbZ/# Ybh[^[
Ab bhbi 33|iThT
b#xbi<bbfxbdYT[bj Tdb2P
Ibrb[h9Kb
/#[    

b
hbi 3qH
db[#3!b b
bbhT[bTjTdb2P h,br* Ih3#3bY i<j bYxibx
#3xbifRi^b, i<jYhiiT^T^b q3i
b,d .

 j  
i<j["ij b<hxix>b
hbiI
bh[
^

')1, + 5 1 (  # 5 ,

 8 7 3
, %

!/0! 0 

')(13
(

' 8 % % ,1 (

56 # 5


 ;  0! :

:

  

 0 . ;  .:

 0

 0 . ; 

' 4
56 (, 6 (

 @ <  = 

/Fi
bbU
#3 fTdbxP T *,Xb ,bYbT h#







"$#
%&

    


Yb%/# bh[^  x7 b,2Pidb;iRhb
b[hI[iii,XT
rbKb$Tm[hhi"

i;#3(9Tdhi CIb$Tb9IbYb$T
i<#b i
brbh[m[I<dT..mb #}
bb}b[hI[
ih %
i bK[
hR!h ib2hdbT,Xxb@
$[hdi 
 #Pbi Ix$}iK(x"i,ih[
bh[Y[CdT. M i2b^xi bTi^!+iiih j<X
3qiix2PiKb j x
bi I2Ph[b 
xdbxbKbb
b /# b bY2P<idb;iRhbYb[h[2x,@
i bYb",XT;bYb$T} hhiZ
1Ibi b$T
i
#b iCih[bh[[dT.
 
 

+ [,b < RbiYX/Txi Tdj/9bb$;b <h x bh[
bbTbj9 jbb < xYd
xd<!2h
b$T

')(* + ,


 

' 4
56 (1 5.7 (* +,

!/ !

/


 ; 0

$!.


.:

!0! 0 /

' 1 ,2/3
, % ( 

 ;  0

' 1 ,2/3
, % ( 

!

')1,23
, % ( 

')1,2/3, % ( 

 

f =[
 3[ bx$z^;Y Tb !Yb*Y2b!ib;bYb
i b[[ b$r;bY[hhif Ibri,X rbi hj brb$
b b
i[#3!2<"Xi< K i<j 8
sR   i =  x,b23Yb2x$x*
b;^bj/ b$TT i i>
ib3; b$Tj<!22Pirbi XTi Kb!1m1tH ibrbbU
bi
h#mbbT xjdx2P





11>  )6I >11

J

1>1  6I 111


   

< xd 9, hbi,bi ; b i<jb $  <7


iT[ xbi } Ri<jK[
iI 9 <hir$T33mfbT2

b!,Kb i<TiR;<bY[1Kridb;h3<x!2
j r jxbb /#b2 $T,2UXYbx ,2xiT[ bxxbb
/#fRiRb[[ Ri<MibT; Tbx R K i<j9bj xbb
/# q3bbi Yxbbb /#, i<[f2Pbb^YiRbY
b
dxd9[ iThbi1
ib 96i 3bbY %id b;bY3xb 8
"$#
%&




')(* + ,

 8 7 3,
' 

!/ ! ! 


 


 ; 
 .:

 
  
+ [,b < RbiYX/Txi Tdj/9bb$;b <h x bh[

bbTbj

 j 

vx~ #

T 

bh[I^K "i<ib[ [


dxixi 2P[ iIbY Yd, i U;T|<fYb x$I[
ifiRi>
9

')1,2/3, % ( 

!/ ! !

 

'), + 78 68 (

56

:

' 87 3
,


 /
 

"$#
%&
')(* + ,

 ; 

bxb iTbi# ixKx+$ iYXxbYb$Tb





 
 


')1,2/3, % ( 

   
  h  

 

fi/


 b
 fT3sxd
xib<h$T(q x<bri ,@
[ R$,1}/#
ixh }^ iT[ xKxh"iI ixh i b[[
b!1~M [|D>

 j  
8Khj i
,
hbi<bi Tibbrbxb $T,,[hhi

 

')1, + 7 * .6 3 #

,1

' 4
56 (, 6 (



' 1 ,23
, % ( 

  },
M
b  i<ib, !
h,Tdhb1 :<v b ji)3qIi#
bH


11>  )6I >11

JJ

1>1  6I 111


   
Application Language

F
A
C
I
L
I
T
A
T
O
R

F
I
Application



Internet

F
A
C
I
L
I
T
A
T
O
R

Application Language

F
I
Application

6 !b KI8 Y
RjbhbxbTdN %r='&

&/"$ONIG}U  $JMN"

"!


[
h!CTRhj  Ib 
 bTbUsjT,XIfh!;3
b [TbT,d h!- , xbTbU 9Q
fT bhi i>
bi i[ T
i [i27R hbh2Pbbi d bbbT%[#* xT
hbb b^hiR Rbbx2RiRbj  ^[j iRj bj ib
xi h[
}TxYh2!,2 iCbYbbb;R T[ bfxii
YbjRd RbbKR 
 [ j!h hb |xxIhj "[ Ti
R[ T.h[rbT hC <! AxYhbM i<^b;  R7 i
bfh[ T2bx[!hv dx;bhix;bfT3&<2 Ib1 @
h[ Tdj} i;#3Yix!hb
3[iTj %u,bbbiRi9
3!2xh/"ib1
b2i ,rhj  
^ii"
xbY 8K &[Rifbbh<!
Xr  Ri 
xb;^T[#r ~
IbU>H ^ bh!h;dx TbTTTi#
[ iT
i2xx
b x,,bx[#j,
6 ;Tb L KTb i= jxh+ih
bdjR7h!7
A 6 ;TbSK0,j#3
h[ ["i<
*    r<bb *      T *[ i2PibiR2Pbbi
h[x
i#fRh h[}[<b       2PbbTi
bf2bTxj i[bT2b
bTbb i <j i=     ,h[ rb   %
 / f i[ hbA
6 !b|K",bfh [2 i =[   /  Mi    =k gj i
=bxI ;Td}iT
i "h!i^!;ixi2hi iFx#iT

hi TiFKx#b$Thb2ix[#i i>  [T <h xi i>bh[
3bT 5

bx[rb          Ri[ dx ^2i j b,h#3
MiT = ih<!Tbx 
h[x=Rbbbbibb "i< x3j bTj
[ Kj1bfz8~:
9u
bb[bT[h%bMhbb
}xf  Rr bx[ b bMx3jRb6 ;Tb~[
(P YU Uq
[ h[ *T 

 
Mhbb h3fxT[ h1X2P}
briTbj hrh 2h";bh[ Z[# db b       , }
bi ,#3<T,Xh[ [Th2ib2b ;xbM}ibR ^T3Pbh
bxm
x;i , xx






11>  )6I >11

J7

1>1  6I 111


   

Classic

Clips
Spice

Mediator

Mediator

Prolog

Loom

???

6 ;Tb|[/8 <T,X Ibbh[ i,b* Y


jxhbbb1
"!XW
 )J YJ $  $NPO%& " $ [iO(  [DJ O  O Q
         ,   u6 &  rb;h+
h[x7jrb* ,TO<[Y
T3Pbdz[ iT ir<bmxxh[ <[ H %r'
= & 6 &ix
bbii
' Mdxbbjr;Y hY[  i <h xhb!i,bhbbi#Xh*ib i<@
i M1 Hhihia.$PTbbi [Zi ibx,b%2Pibx;b
bbY<ba
' MYd ih|
h[xhbj<bdYdxbi#Ibj ibTi
i bj T}Tb @
b[ br2PxbiYx+xj ibx2<bbU
xMx3 b 
h[x 3qKxb
b bT[ b2!1
' Mfhj iYh <h x^bT[hYbiRhjY x3j bTfb;h2;Tfbxb
bf [ 2
M1tH$T
x*if ixxibxib*xbhj 
?} ib%6 & r!h<!hbj xObb; [ xxN r[ri b<!@
hb;bYih<!Thj  Ri16 2P R1h;
bbh
bbTuhi
i#fR[ Ti
xb,2T[# 
Ib1"
h[x;[}hbC 8KT &[.
|6 &
bf  Ri<[
xb;i b<!
Ix1 i,i x<!O8}5
&v .


=  
,
 i* Y
mh  [ ,b1jR hhIIbzi
TibYX3(q[65
h[ !aMix <bb brbIhb Txi PI

 

11>  )6I >11

Jm

1>1  6I 111


   
# / 3[z(q!  PI[I, 3!f
hx .hIbTbb
r
b2h[ x/b1 *[f dbZ^;Y hY[  i <h xhb!i,b
dxbi#b ibi bxi$aij fbi
bYx*iY2Pixb;bbbYb i

i <uhi< Ibj ixi}< 33bbbbEbbfxY[ j i<hb!i
b3(; bx!b I2Pxb8
b
' xb2Pbbr[bzi2Pibx dbY
xbb/ vTPbb
bT bbfx/
' Y<dY xY2Pbx M1 HKbb.$Y1ihih 
'  xi jTb!- 
b2PbbTiY
bh[Y<hi*<h x bbN2b% Hr
,b2[ i#
<bNmbhx ;Tdd ^bi Rxb2[ Rib
d"i ,Tdr7R1/,@hb<b !h ;b2Y[bRb
1/
Y[  i
h[x^hb!i2Pibi#Ybb<h|
h[x2Thxj<bdbxi#
i P2Pxbi2j} b[ x
Ii i R.i ir[bi bbib 
b<dbbYbR[ Tihbbi# i Tb;x;RiRb #3;1

. ?F  H H^ F   E= i[[h ibh[I bdTb xx2;h[h


b@
h[ ^ ;T<bT b [ Ab1jR
h[<[z
2b"6 & 33Ib$h<!
bZi,i b<!O
xbb,ih<!hj [ Ti 8rbrb
brdxbi#KbRKb Rirj2
b,2hbb2 d 2Pbbix+
bjRibb; i h 2Pbbi[ i2x
 h3Ybh[ <fT3&/1b<dx b 6 &Tifr !hv d
 dijr[fxi rUXf [ b1 (
 HAs hi E ^; @
[ b1 hh l <iTYbbhXUiTh R;[bz<hq"
,b
[ ./irbi bY hY[ j Tifx%%bA#;hY[ j i b2!
b"
xb fh! 2KRibjTbi Th Rh Ri2 bfTfb

b1i2T/ hj[<bi 
x2xYhb x 6 &=b%i#T,b
h! ihYb !Y i;Yz
brhbj xYbTh R2!
bbY;bhj#.[ Ti<i,Nzxx





f F E < = =    h[ bdx2#[,X<idb;r [ ib,3 U@


jRb Y,ib!hb 2 Tbi b 3 h 5;h2K h[ T

h[x[b;!h2bxd<!i  
r+
 8 6 2P 1} b2bbh
 Y
 7 [ l dbxi#bb,b$ThbAi b [ %Td#
b ix [i b@
x2;1mx xx 33KbjRixi rTd#Ibi b [ rbx<b ib i<j
33'R"b^!,dbTj bhbxz#K<b^
l hbix22Y1
f<b* i<,@
^b;bb%$,##[ j b2TTTi#bTbS$T Midx!; iT,Xbb
! i ,<b
v3P bh[[}bj iiRbd}bb
;RiR [ N<h x,ijRb
rbT7#3x;bb ,AhTb 
ib[h (q!1 ?} i2b ; ,
dxjj    bj ibTi}ubbR!2!73[j b17i #32M<7
"d#Mb<2P[x<!x1j bi
3[iTj .
h vbR<!Y2 bbj x@ @x@j[II3[i  i j x2; <bb
bb


11>  )6I >11

J-

1>1  6I 111


   
c5f  

/F
Y[ j Ti|<h xj bbx [ [ bN;2Pb2Pxbirb$Thx
bi <b*6 &d h <h x 33Khbb|Tj  Kbr2PbxiP i
2 x[ bYa
 f [ hY[ b bi s b
2PibII j.$Tb
bTbKhj
b*6 & b bYh"
h[bAhbjxfhbbi#Tj  $$ 
h[b b
b,#3;j xYIi dbxi#hbi 1h1XT T<h xRjbrb
hY[ bhb. %

h[x^ jxbhY[ j i xiRi[ b^    
iib2x       2 iiT2x R[ T.Pb[ iT1P i;bh!

b+6 &PxS6 &!h|
Y i<j  ;TdrF f!hfYb; i<j
b>bTb
bbA#P i<j Ix Tb9#s ixb!hIRifTb
h!hx TiY bf,h ,bh!Rb"6 & i,# ifiTb;T2
hY[ j T
ibbf [ b>j 
 3[ i[hj i !fhY[ j i 
h[bj bbiRb,  R^[  
b"ir2PbTbbiaKY YT3PbiY[<bY;bhj b|6 &
ix"d1X
bY2Pbbi i 
iR
bh*x2 ,bbi
bYx;T

  

F 



   HSf   F 

/Fi
P  [ [q3bRi<'$Tbbhj [ hbbbrb!
bbib>xbUd hY[ b}bh[bb 
# T 9[hY[ bYYb
2Pib 2Pbxi +  rbh[TIb~6 &imx
j[
db<!Tb[
ii
T
dx,iRhj<b*
h[xrMx3j b 2h2;TYb|$<Tbbia
Tbi#Ihj xh rhibh;T^ x Txqj x
iCbf<hiY KiTb;jz6 & MZ/ ihj ib Txqj x
!h%ii b;Rfb^b Z[ 1<,;!h%i^i jRb2bb;x 
i x,uhi mdxbbbh[ 2xi 2M4Rbj#3!xrXTi
3Tb[h 5hb rbr Txqj x Xd  b2h2!rbbT[hii
;bY<hir  u;br<rha
)J YJ $  $NPOL
6iTxqj xj9[Ybzd *< 
 ^bb} ibrdxbT<[ dKiR
i z8~
09#u
bb a :bj fx%Mhbb,bbjYXKb7Rb;b

 $h! #d Mhbbbbja
6x3 bKIbbsb 6 &PI irb2!rb}hb, rbbbU l si2
bhbb;bRb[ b;hi TiYrbbb1 MT [
#;[hh ,i b[[ x 2b ,Y
,bbU1mb"dfiR
M1tH
8h[1  m iRj #P.  T
b<h [#3;2
 M1 HIb 8 
h[bY,bh bbh<!
x[j2 32dx,T~ 5 ;b
hbfR[ T2#Xh 
i
b[ xbC aFx;Mx3jRb,ib2! /#, fTbbx;i2[; i
Xh()Tf m<i
bb
bf# 3 Ur2Tjh
bhx[h"
bYxbbbrbbT1
"!"



Pm F

bi2[ b 
 bbU
b 8
'  Ri @K [ iZ
h[bbfi i Rb;2PbbC[
xb.

 

11>  )6I >11

1>1  6I 111


   
uhi @ 3a$,,543bbT(53hih(5j
' dx11N@*j( 3x ,X,5T 3hb2P 5 
h[bbihr
bbbU
b< i 
h[bbYb!ii x1
' bh[z@Kfxv0/ xb xYbbT1h i2  ;!%ihbbbx
bfhb2P
"R;T      
hY[ jRi
bxrb>j iKbT hf&xdhbRx (q b
6 & bbT[h+ #fxi2[       rirb b jx+ jUi
bTbUd|<i#2hY[ xbi b b2hjj ,b;bx 6
2Pi 1KrMx3jRbb! bT 6 &  bbT 
h[bC <hb!i^T 8
' k5f h  
' FPm/ Fi f     
' =? FDk
   /7
' K8 f           

i9h1XYTbf<bT
bYj
x;<,X<h x;i#
x[bi b^ b"33^b^     '$Tr xh <d Ri^ i<Yb u?9i@
, jxh 3xb 5,hY[ j ia MYhh
bh[z jxh2 jif KhY[ j i
d>X,hbz
h[x jx2bhf KxA$T.  iibN fh2!j b
bxYbrMx3jRbj<h xRb 3bbd 5 b i
j}bR2,Xh1@
h
IbTTbi#b
 h32bh[xbhdT T3&x2M1Ibb2Rbj#
b1

h[x+33vx$hb2Pxi!rYX  x[#3;;b
h K TdjI# 3 UYT <T,X
ib i;b2Ph<; b hb, %i,2P xi ib
'



    = FTk7 }8f 

 P


<X2R bh2xhY[ b       i   v r ,bbT Ud i;Rji


3[ YhY Rj i}[T~23hi  hq
Tq&;bh22r2P 
iY}hj ibi i>b [P#[T3&xb bKT2Pf2P 
b1i}hj T=bj b>1
8}i[hbTR ,#3s i;!;bbixb       
h[b[
T![hhbf#3
i;i(q Y[bh jx1iib2  mE=^T![hCdbr
bi ,b;ihb! vY[b
ix+T    3  2j
 %
# i,j1AYi#T,
b,Y TbYx
  v F>XdziIRbhdbfTb[
xi Ib b33bf i<$TK
TYbRb,Y Tb Tr#3K
bi b xi hj ihjj i 
h[b $
biTr
h[xbh[ ih[h ;bb<[xrbdx111bfb>
I jxhbxb;xbf<b,}[bhibbRjbhH
+ TKbfhb1>[<$ThbT
b;T[#M
2Pi rI
[Yhb!N2,Y Tb
hj jxf ihj xhx.dixPxRh,#XTdhNTbbb1 [IIb!T ( 
6T2Pi 1hXh iYb Kxi } 933;b|<=
)Qr %r:r9u)
b;Y[br     i Txqj xi2Ydx,b  
Qr %r:r9 
  hUX,bY jx,[xfTq&;#
bT2jxXii;b2[ ;T2;,TjhbNXb Txqj xjrb2[ !2!
(q
i= ;h;T      T[ xNi,i=Tfbh[rbihii,h b
bYx1Ri2ixj dIi




11>  )6I >11

J


1>1  6I 111


   
 ii ' /CD= EGFi jfiE mE
,
Yi,b> b"jT[ jUi
Ibbh<!#/ 3[ [ i
b /hj Ybi#3!*dRbfb
[IT3&b Pbh[Kh;T
[
xi
#3 [ i<bT hrb6 &P b2hY[ j i< Ib $T<bR;iTb
ixbxiIb 2Pbh ibi }bxx[ x       , 33vxj i}b
idjbruYX *$T2[z
x Ri2>[b jiT|
hbFmbbf xfj##bxi !
2 ji2 7jUX / < Tb M,# i2x[ x ,A x3j bT
#Ohbj#!- +R7b[ xh1I# i2xbAT[b!b b
bhbb<T,X vMhj TbjRb I birb<b$hbdj vi b [
bd
6 Y#3Kj KTbh,b Rbhj ^,%#fi <[Px
xh, dj/ijY
^b, b"[ <,X,T[+= hbi i
bh[ 
iIx|iYb b(1F

f,[  iKi}j i
b% Thb;bCb b[  b^;#3Kh Y ,bh b(Tb

x;xhY[
Txd*Tb 
+ Yh3i xh 1tH!mTbbi Ab^ruh<( b
jh; bd,T[f ihjbY*Xd
,xh1i i,bzjh;
bbib^ idjx T,NXh
2Tbh*YT[1PXT2
hbj#!-2 xdx[Tbfhj1 Q
YxhfT ,Y
rbdbYT
jUi1* 3
bx [iObTbbi ,T[fx=RbXT#//q[
i%$T<ThY[<bbh[rxh1
"T, [ ,ruYX h1tH
 R,Ri
<,X,
x|Mhbb<j2,v 2hbj#
,T 3q*iTb^*b<YX=Ri;Ui hf IM 3b1*Q
Abh[Yb#1,T[b!b
bhb,[<h h,2Pi r xh [bMhbbT[b;x2iRf,T[1

  

ZV Y"[Db [(" $  $JN"

Ixb<hi"ji
bihjfhx!i(Ti# iAdb ^i#
hb
'        f      < ,hj T2 Ibz[ iT
Ix1H
'        
h[x^biY;i jRbfbbzbh^x x  8K &[=,
}b
b1[ i1

9<
i;Th R2iYX/U 
h[b X< 8K5
&[;U
'  z80
2T3sxd
,bh
&b

"!



 ; . =?FPiT =   E i   k


,djR 6 
& r
b1ibi i>x3Tdj 8
'
'
'

9hY[  x#s [ ;Rvjh[ T bi ^


i I}
i

i } ;x(T[h/
 bb  bZ#R[ T 
h[x ;x ^bj ibbx7bb
 R.
 $T,zb# [ "
h[xf bKbjRibbb
xbK [ .

11>  )6I >11

J


1>1  6I 111


   
'
'

2xb% bbfR[ TN


h[x2ib!%xz# Txqj x
R$T, ;bTbf [
 h[bi2b!Zbz#PMx3 bY i

b" i<b

, =   8k v P =>f5f =[  h[ Mx3jRbIbT hb<T<d


K [ ^hY[ j i 8
' " ',   
 h  [ ~ Riz
h[bZ
db,iN$T
xxbfba
' " ',          Riz33;bbj i < bxibxbYb
'     I h  [ m[ Ti33bYb! i i<* .$b bxx
'           [ iz
h[xN
hxx;T TbbibT xbfba
}xhY[ j [i h ,fhb;Rsx
<d xbT~$T,b
2Pibx;}iTbb


, =   .c f   F  v/  
Ib1,  R^hY Rb
xi 
b
2PibffRKj $TYb,bxbmxfMx3j bhbMbRbh*
h[x 3q
bT [#3!;bj i)$T< x bT[ bY<dYbbMx3j b#
fbbhd i i>
xh + *
b1br b x5
8


0 .
"

' 

" 7

  

"    ; !


"



" 

" !

  !

"

 

  

6T
2P R1h 2 [ ^hY[ b<bi }r[<b2Pibz$ bYb58


"  

Mx3 b<db  q3Kbx


b3,b
"  

' 
*
" 7

  

"   ; !
"



"

"  0 !


7

"  


*

i       Kxj ijxr$Y ^bixbT*ii /R!@


 Ibb< Txqj x
h[b2 xj }b|f i<b ,YbTbx1Kb}
2PibCb*i[Rm/ U"hiTdm1t 
" " !

0

"

 

   /

 h[rb
h# b (q!OTj bO$T [; ix(T[h ^2P!

#Y h#bb Ixi x
bxx
bbbiI [ P#3vi<hqb#
bY!,2PjY
r 
h3YiYXhbjYXbbTb* i!bb1%
,RA#Ri<j9b;bx2|
#1m} <#[*,,<brd
11>  )6I >11

1>1  6I 111


   
=   c 5f   F ;/  " '          r[^hY[  3!
,
i ;,
2xi h [ i iYbdfhb=
IbU>HHfi#
iYih
bYbbX Kbb
 Z
IbU> [ 7hY[ brbiRr[33Ri,b;2PibbxiY
i x[ R<hi1}bx b2h2bRbj ;xi bbi"
h[x7Rjbxd
hb! ;x hY[  ^ b YRjh,b,bYMx3 bbbh
hj T
i TiAb( 2 3Tbb 5;Ri 3 bbj 5iib*
b1;hj T
bhbjRi;bjRi jxhxbi i,bbjTi IbbMx3j b#




=   H f   mE  H f  ; / 
,
 
Ib1fR[ ThY[ bIxi q3bY$TI Pi b[[ I<d
bi I[hbbb,b!Tbbi Yi x[ R<hi1#3i}bfhr[IbjRi
bi hY[ j ;xfj #m x3j bTK< Txqj x} biTi! TKibi KTb
[ iY x#
bY Ibh[Y,T[1
bj i x;[<ib 2,riT
#3bT[h%b Txqj x
iYX/T1
 ^
Ib1;<bE[z3qb;ixYbh[uhir T!<,YxbT[h
b Txqj x"b^iix#3
bTbS$Trbxif x!b
bTbb1h[; T    [rh 2#3
b;ib[h ^b Txqj x
iYX/T1

 ; 

;  =[ F sR = = k / E  mE C  ;E   x|#~


Ix1%@
j x"$T,,
bbT%
h[b;x Ybj ibb,brbxb1 bx2i Y
,X; Kx hY[  ^i i> i/i#bRbj Cb2Pbx2 Mb
$T,;YbbT Kb,bx2b x3j bT
hbMh1f2PfbC <b,iYX/rb
2PbbChb    T 
YMx3jRbb[hY iXT    
 hbMiYX/T!
bT h /(
b3(    }i2[ 8
' fY2PbbT;j2,
' = FPm/ Fi%2bh[1bYiRY IbYi b[[
IbU>T[# P   
' 1 k5f h        v     !!
' =? FDkh <[r,i *
h[x!hirbi bAbTibi Ybb1Tj
iT
b XhYb; bYiH M[
"XTj,i x; b1Tj }b
X;b
x1j ,x2bfbRYH f[ b ix 
' H f[ 6 TdbU>11Kxh [; b2iRb[[ xT Rbi b
2Pbx. 1tH 8Q &Qr 9(B0'6 I bKir[
h[xxbhbrbKbT[ x
iCf ,Tdz
h[bObbxdx bij hj<Yhuhi / [
1tH #/ 3[
 b % } % Y x % j T 

b1r[
hA[ i%
h[x2br2Phrb       hihi i i
d 3 b# 5hb1 xib i1/dx 
h3O
Ib1[b2[ 7Tdb 6
2Pi 1v,T 
h[b 2 i<r$T< xx5
8






 
      
      "! #"$

11>  )6I >11


7

1>1  6I 111


   

h[x=RNib i^[ b 3 iR[b   i b[[ f bb*%*5[ !X2!b
x[r2Y 3YR(5;,#mb[T,hx ^Yb TR/ i
1/j M[<bz!X2!2b iR 3 biTb 5Yirb i<$Tii / i
xi jb [
iT biTbjhiYiT;b .Ki [h[<b ;XT2;b*f
bRi<

bi

  !     " "#         !  $




 



 
  # !  
     ! #$




  !  R[!X2!2x+bbT[hYhTb iT


K1/j
7 32Xd;i 50) i Xi rXh;i hb!i b      
i2[?}KbjT<Xf vhx!h 
h[b>/m,bi Ii1dRi|<i Ib2[ i}iIxd
1/jTM#3[
bb   v <i2 
>iiT.*              ix}
bb Txqj x
b 


;  =[ F ?HE= k  / E  v/ ; >;E  Pi i>xb2! @


j xO$r i^xbir#3brdx TiYX/UiYb2hC[YbT h,,i^
brMx3jRbfx#3
=Y b;ibY%$T,b+bbTf ^bbTx+
h? 9xbjbbEbf jiT1

 ;  < G H H

[ =f i =[ 
Mx3j b=l ;bU= Cbbx^bbU,b7 bT[ b^bxhhj =bb;Rb
ii#3!hbbAb2xviT!T hi( b fx2b<d" (q!i ,T[
M1t hh1@M jUi
[ h1@<1b*@<T Y,T["
h[bi
Tb[Cbi <
33b^bb bh[<hi1^Mx3jRb[rbi!2rbjYX 
h[x
bTb [ i bhbbb,b!TbbiK b 3q,bf i<~$T}
/Ri
xh[
T xh ambC Txqj x, dj/ij<(< jUiY Ibx [ i
KTbhb,;^x RjibT[hb"MhbbThbb bdYbi b [
[xhT i ^z8~:
9u
ib;hbxrTb;Mx3j b, bi d2hb
b ih2P bf<hi bbU
x R[ Tif b33b;|=bx b
xi jb;-TPhb!i  <Yxb i2 iYbTibbib5
8    #   T 







*

v


Y

[


















  



f ji d "/ d<!%(qI!YMx3j bix3x 8
' , #P  R2hY[ bIxi II[ 3qbb$}KxbiTb
x3j bTbdTj}bi
x#3b<h x2, irbh x3j bT
' ,Mx3jRbfx;Tf2hY[  AbT bMx3 brYXh()T
;iT [ ixjbi 
[ iY b q3;b#
KiIbj,TXd7K f7,T[K
bxdhj
#XRjr2biRK
x$hb [ ,bh 
bMx3 bj!dfbhH! A 3q
ib[xxh b;iRj b,T[*
h[x^bjYXbh;Mx3jRbjr i^T[b!b
 xbxbN
ibibYxi  Mx3j b 
h[x=Rib,[r bY@
T[ b2!2 [C IbMx3 bj2bY i2 %h3[b
; jUi1




11>  )6I >11



7

1>1  6I 111


   

 ; ; < GH H [=f < .  .


< Txqj x} hb;i (q!%
xbz8~
:9u
AhbMz
h[b;#3(8}*@
'&[^ [ iYxY
z8~
:9u
xb YdY,jx(T[hYYhi2@
ibYi,bb ,bYbxz8~
:9 u
bjidbi  MTMhbbThbb I i
,T[iR MYh j  M#[x bfi jRbbb Mbh s& ix 8}
& [C,/
h[bhbxi2b
i 33h=Ti(bb<
bTb2<b h[ xNb bi ib# i r ahj;^j i j :z4  
,T
b1 N 

11>  )6I >11


7

1>1  6I 111


   

 *-



 %r= & [}[ iU


h[bibbh;T|2Ph[  T
hb23!h
hj

M %iYi;T  Ri


;  Rb1jR brdxjb2Rhb23!hf<<@
b TT<Tbhb23;Td2<b,bdbhj !2!7b>!H
 Y
i  * ()TfPjRiz
IbxMbj %r= &hbjTiRi[hi
=bbjYX b ,bb [#j 82hbd, b [ 2Mbx
b2 [ b Txqj x"2M
ih[ 7Rx, x3j bTb Txqj x
2MYTi#[#jKRi i2 bbbb;,b2[h[ Txb
i<^bbxhbdz[#fhj ir ^2Pbb[ iU*
h[x
ihbXhx|iYKxb[#Ti# bb;x
h[x
hb!f bb!b} PbYhbh[#
ib;b[ Ti<}[}2Pxb.hbTdbU>1
b ixrXTi; ix2}bxd 1tHI ;bbT
"$T,( 2K<ii#
h[ Z[#Y3qIx bx!b<h xhx!ib ( 2Th U@
^iRj bixb hh<^ bih RibxhdRi 
brfrb
h[ C[
Rdb*;<dixbTixdixbia
Ai# dx 2Phj#xb<hifR Y

h[x^i   
   
      , sdx2q!h 3xbj6 5}bY b [ hbM i b#!-
b}bb1@
M6x3jRbjx(T[hfhY Rj ! jR,Xr%
h[b  Riix ;x Xd!@
}I iYb9Xd
Y[bYP jU[h[ Txi 2[i<
bT[ bfhj iCT[ bYbrb;T (>1
 %r'= &A[i b A[ ,| 
Hz@Mib %iR;2sTb
ih@
2h;bxh $r i;bh[bxbrbi ;NXhr2hb23;Td<b

2Pbi bh[b jx"33 iY !bh[hbj T bdTbrj#iT[b!b
bYiPi  vR[ TiI[riYih<hb23!d};@MUdKh;T xx
b23[iTj !h;Ti 2Pxjhjf ih[ h!Ab
2qf db23!h[ hHYbxh i b[ hUdiTb7T[b!b
bjRiixj ,[ h2 i2bxh2  Ri




11>  )6I >11

77

1>1  6I 111


   

-   

 

 + 

 

 2i i[h b h[i xb;x Ydx!ib ZbR, 


iT1 ^ [bfTY Ib i 
 d@ &mh[ "hb
+ i8Ki#i<X
j/ 8Ki ihi
b"8Kbhb
 Y#T
} 6 h
}[b 6,-T
=;!X bb
?Kxi + jT
=;[xi 2 + i
I[ =#
S= Y#
?K>N4
x
8qP%4
R

N
IR3

b
bR
b i hb
=Rb< i
8Kj !Ti
# ^

 hb[
=;!X  33 R

11>  )6I >11

7m

1>1  6I 111


   

     0

 8Ki#i<X1?}2bZ*
# I[ ;TfbhH:
[^T[bxj@
bdb#M.DW>WD1
cB } 6 h.}[x 6,-.mO= Y#1.1h =2dx1P i^  Q
i b1hb2!@
!h<b,h2! zfb2P<b    j  T    d " " "
          
           T 
  d   d    
         Qb1 D#W1E1W
cL 4 &mb#~ z &Ij BcI &PRifxv i,, di( vDW1W1B
tG >ib= xI i*1b~? xv
&Q Qr= Xh
bxd "[ iU1
   j  T    d r                 H3~DW>ET
cK r"1H#=/  iAH18rUi hbH1dxii#iijsbTidi( , d <,X
+  01?Kb,  i +   &m,$T1hTbj    
  T  v     
 
iTB1WD L1L1I=2T,d % Y h . &mh bd89 DW1E>K
c[ O= Y#1v 6 h.Ri%dbT 9
Q l + Rb1rhb23!hRji db 1z
  j      d  T 
               T  D#W1W1I
3T & "4<# i%H 8r0i hbH ()TYbbhj KbThi9[ iU1
 8zH?}ihb P.H?z,   + 33 m iZ   bh!dR.iTb&
d       T 
    *    J i BT G[0'[dxiA
 jDW1ET
cE  4<b ~6 !X 6 h.  b 
IR3 
i b# i  1
bb#
i;xb1>XhiRH     DB uL  8cL1[ SK1[6i(qDW1WD1
cW rdx ?z.9
Q l b1rdb23!h j dx T [ iT1 xh (~ix|
 8@
&.? 1@ME1W>I1EH:<h[<+ z
I ' jx 8Khb  DW1E1W0
!DI rdx*?z9
Q l + xRi" b.PRjbhbxb
.?KYr< 81 <b I2&xd
z 9( ?9dxj .rPxh[#)b|
989@ &.? 1@ME1W1IT.:<h[<
I   jx 8Khb
 %DW>E1W
!D1-D 4ibTidvibhj#b}x T
< 8x 88Kih#!b,
idRi#![  I
}  D#[ uL  8 K1L1K K>[1LDW1WD1
!DB 4mTibd i ".2[%=hbYd,@M,* ?=O2 bhbbx bh[#
bb}8Kb dxi1DW1W0D1
!DL |H>8ri hb d4<
fRd[<,XbbxxNM"4| "6 i> TbT
    [     )
d

 v      %     T      , iU


DTW B1I1L01Yh["
Ibba4< IYX .D#WT(W
!DG |H8zi hbY i  " 
Ri ix14<
Yi[hbP3; dbiTi#xidTi#
, d uYX M 48}j i2
".=#8#3 0PTbja
d    P   
"      h  v          # iB1[1B LDK#,@ Ix UH4
 IYX 
DW>ET
!D- +



11>  )6I >11

7 -

1>1  6I 111


   
hb2 i   .
i b =h2 YRi2 i 8rXhbbhj T2
i xj#!@s[ i;bi1ZM   8Ki i 
3YX Tbja  d    d  
          v  d        >izBDK B1K1W =N
Ibx.8 "[1
=Z".DW1W1B0

!DK |H8rvi

11>  )6I >11



1>1  6I 111

Вам также может понравиться