Exercise 1 page 58: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Transport: wheel, submarine, helicopter, Weapons: gun, tank, bomb, Medicine: vaccine, antibiotic, anesthetic Communications and electronics: electricity, microchip, satellite, calculator, jet engine

Exercise 6 page 58: 1. Because he didn t learns enough at school. Why did he became an apprentice in the workshop? 2. He learned artistic techniques. What did he learn? 3. Because he wrote backwards. Why was he unusual? 4. No, they weren t common in Leonardo s day. Were vegetarian common in his day? 5. No, there isn t. There s only bread and fruit. Did he eat meat? 6. No, he was also interested in other things. Was Leonardo only an artist? 7. 13,000 How many pages of notes survived? 8. No, because people didn t have the right materials. Were these inventions made?

Exercise 7 page 58:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

A young person who works with experts to learn their skills. apprentice A place where things are repaired or were artisans work. Workshop Going in the wrong (wrong direction) backwards A person who doesn t eat meat. Vegetarian The study of space and the stars. Astronomy Something you wear if you are going deep in the ocean. Diving suit A extremely intelligent person. Genius

Exercise 8 page 59: Subject Maths Music Science Art Engineering psychology Mathematician Musician Scientists Artist Engineer Psychologist Person

Exercise 1 page 60:

Rule Used to + verb expresses a habit or repeated action in the past

a) I used to play basketball when I was younger. (acostumava) b) We used to have a dog. Now we don t. (solem tenir) c) I didn t use to read books. (no acostumava)

Exercise 2 page 60: Astronomers used to think the sun orbited the earth. Alchemist used to try to make gold. Ships didn t used to have engines. Mathematicians didn t used to use computers. TV pictures used to be black and white. Dinosaurs used to live on the earth.

Exercise 5 page 60: a) b) c) d) e) The person who I was sitting with was very fun. A vegetarian is a person who doesn t eat meat. A calculator is a machine which can calculate. A workshop is a place where artist work. The car which we were travelling in was new

1 .Which relative pronouns do we use for : a) People? Who b) Places? Where c) Objects? With 2

Exercise 6 page 60: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) A place where you learn: school A person who invents things: inventor Something which cows eat: grass The country where Leonardo was born: Italy The man who taught Leonardo: Verrocchio A thing which you write with: pencil A vehicle which astronauts travel in: space ship

Exercise 8 page 61: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Disposable: nappy Portable: computer Automatic: washing machine Mobile: home Eco-friendly: washing powder Electric : guitar

Exercise 3 page 62: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) What did Mr Kawakami use to do? He used to work un a magazine store. Where can you buy the inventions? Nowhere. How does he make money now? He write books. How many chindogu inventors are there? More than thousands. What type of inventions does Kawakami prefer? Inventions with no electronic. What did we use to do more in the past? We use to communicate more with the people.

Exercise 4 page 62: Gerund The gerund is the ing form verb. 1) It can be the subject or the object of a sentence. 2) It is used after a preposition. 3) It is used after some verbs : like, enjoy, dislike, practice, avoid, recommend. Infinitve The infinitive is the to or base form of a verb. 4) It is used after an adjective. 5) It is used to explain the objective or purpose of an action. 6) It is used after some verbs: learn, teach, want, plan, need, decide, help.

a) Stopping the traffic is easy. b) They re easy to use. 3

c) d) e) f)

After inventing chindogu, he became famous. He does it to relax. He enjoys creating things. The cat helps to clean the floor.