Karan Paul FSF3U1-01 Ms.

Rutkowska Thursday June 16th 2011 French Exam Review Vocabulary UNITE 1: ON SEXPRIME NOMS MASCULINS FRENCH Un artiste Les arts Un chanteur Un chef-d uvre (des chefs-d uvre) Un crivain Un moyen dexpression Un peintre Un pome Un pote Un roman Un sentiment Un style Un thme NOMS FEMININS FRENCH Une artiste Une biographie Une chanteuse La danse Lcriture Une crivaine Une image La littrature La mode Une uvre Une peintre La peinture Une performance La posie Une pote Une revue ENGLISH Artist The Arts Singer Masterpiece Writer Means of Expression Painter Poem Poet Novel Feeling Style Theme, topic

ENGLISH Artist Biography Singer Dance,dancing Writing, Writer Picture; imagery Literature Fashion (piece of) work Painter Painting Performance Poetry Poet Magazine

ADJECTIFS FRENCH Artistique Littraire Populaire VERBES FRENCH Apprcier Dmontrer Dessiner (s) exprimer Interprter Peindre *(peint) Raliser PRONOM FRENCH Celui, celle; ceux, celles

ENGLISH Artistic Literary Popular

ENGLISH To appreciate, to value To demonstrate, to show, to prove To draw, sketch To express (onseself) To perform, to interpret To paint To realize

ENGLISH this/that one; these/those UNITE 2; PORTES OUVERTES

NOMS MASULINS FRENCH Un accueil Un avantage Un but Des frais Un inconvnient Le logement Un milieu Un mode de vie Un sjour Un stage NOMS FEMININS FRENCH Une connaissance Une dure Une pension ADJECTIFS FRENCH Bnvole Bouleverse, bouleverse Culturel, culturelle

ENGLISH Welcome Advantage Purpose, goal Costs, expenses Disadvantage, drawback Accommodation, lodging Environment; atmosphere Way of life Stay (training) course

ENGLISH Knowledge Length, duration Board and lodging; boarding house

ENGLISH Voluntary, unpaid Overwhelmed Cultural

ducatif, ducative Enrichissant, enrichissante Gnial, gniale Impressionne, impressionne Merveilleux, merveilleuse CONJONCTIONS FRENCH Aussitt que/des que Lorsque VERBES FRENCH Accueillir Apprendre (appris) (a) Durer Enseigner (a) Shabitue a Partager Passer Perfectionner Se promener Profiter de Vivre (vecu) EXPRESSIONS FRENCH A letranger Avoir hate de Avoir loccasion de Faire la connaissance de Faire un tour Tomber amoureux/ amoureuse (de)

Educational Enriching Great, tremendous Impressed Marvelous

ENGLISH As soon as When

ENGLISH To welcome To learn (to) To last To teach To become accustomed to To share To spend (time) To perfect, to improve To take a walk/ride To profit To live

ENGLISH Abroad, in a foreign country To be anxious to To have the opportunity to To meet, to get to know To tour, to go on a tour To fall in love (with)

UNITE 3: DANS SA PEAU NOMS MASCULINS FRENCH Un aliment Le bonheur Le corps Un dsordre (alimentaire) Un quilibre Lesprit Le malheur

ENGLISH Food Happiness Body (eating) disorder Balance Mind Unhappiness

Un mannequin Un sens de lhumour NOMS FEMININS FRENCH Lapparence Une faiblesse Une habitude Une mannequin La minceur La nourriture Une thrapie La sante Une vie ADJECTIFS FRENCH Actif, active Equilibre, equilibree Fier, fiere Gros, grosse Laid, laide Mince Sain, saine VERBES FRENCH Garder Mener Oser Rver (de) Surmonter Tricher ADVERBE FRENCH galement EXPRESSIONS FRENCH Avoir bon/mauvais moral Etre en forme Etre mal a laise Il sagit de Il faut

Fashion model Sense of humour

ENGLISH Appearance Weakness Habit Fashion model Thinness Food Therapy Health Life

ENGLISH Active Balanced Proud Big; fat Ugly Slender, thin Healthy

ENGLISH To keep To lead To dare To dream (of, about) To overcome To cheat

ENGLISH Also

ENGLISH To be in good/bad spirits To be in shape, to be fit To feel awkward/ uncomfortable It is a question/matter of It is necessary to, one must

Il vaut mieux Etre bein/mal dans sa peau Suivre un regime

It is better to To feel good/ bad about oneself To be on a diet UNITE 4; CA DECOLLE

NOMS MASCULIN FRENCH Largent de poche Le bal des finissants Un dfi Un devoir Un droit Un permis de conduire Un rglement Un rite initiatique NOMS FEMININS FRENCH Lautorit La conduite Les tudes Lentre Une erreur Une tape Lindpendance La libert Une loi Une rgle Une responsabilit PRONOM FRENCH Quelques-un, quelques-unes

ENGLISH Pocket money Graduation dance Challenge Duty Right, privelege Drivers licence Rule, regulation Rite of passage

ENGLISH Authority, power Dirving Studies Entrance, admittance Error, mistake Stage, phase Independance Freedom Law Rule Responsiblity

ENGLISH Some, a few

ADJECTIFS FRENCH Indpendant, indpendante Lgal (lgaux), lgale

ENGLISH Independent Legal, lawful

Parental (parentaux), parentale

parental

VERBES FRENCH Conduire* (conduit) Dcrocher (de lecole) Defencdre (de) Exiger Formuler Interdire * (inderdit) (de) Se marier (avec) Obilger (a) Obtenir* (obtenu) Permettre* (permis) (de) Signifier Sohaiter EXPRESSIONS FRENCH Au dbut Ca fait/il y a (un an) Depuis Etre au courant (de) Malgre

ENGLISH To drive (vehicle) To drop out (of school) To forbid (to) To demand, to require To formulate, to draw up To forbid (to); to prohibit, to ban (from) To get married (to) To require, to force, to oblige (to) To obtain To permit, to allow (to) To mean To wish

ENGLISH At first It has been (a year) For To be up to date (on), to know (about) Despite, in spite

UNITE 5: FACE A LAVENIR

NOMS MASCULIN FRENCH Lavenir Les dechets Lenironnment Un evenement Un ordinateur NOMS FEMININS FRENCH Une decouverte Une foret

ENGLISH Future Environment Environment Event Computer`

ENGLISH Discovery Forest

Une maladie La paix Une planete La pollution Une prediction Une ressource La richesse La survie

Illness, sickness Peace Planet Pollution Prediction Resource Wealth Survival

ADJECTIFS FRENCH Ecologique Futur, future, Naturel, naturelle Optimiste Pessimiste VERBES FRENCH Affronter Attendre (que) Consommer Douter Expliquer Simpliquer (s) inquiter (de) Predire (predit) Reduire (reduit) Resoudre (resolu) Survivre (survecu) Se tromper EXPRESSIONS FRENCH Afin que/pour que A moins que ne Avant que Bien que/quoique De peur quene Jusqu' ce que Pourvu que Sans que

ENGLISH Ecological Future Natural Optimistic Pessimistic

ENGLISH To face, to meet, to confront To wait (until) To consume To doubt To explain To get/become involved To worry, to be worried (about) To predict To reduce To resolve To survive To make a mistake

ENGLISH In order that Unless Before Although For fear that Until Provided that Without

Grammar When to use Ce, Cet, Cette, and Ces Ce before a masculine singular name. Ex. Ce livre Cet- Before a masculine singular name starting with a vowel or h. Ex. Cet arbre Cette before a feminine singular name. Ex. Cette plume Ces- before a masculine or feminine plural name. Ex. Ces livres When to use Pass Simple

Le Pass Simple

(also known as the simple past or Past Definite)

--expresses an action that took place at some definite time. The action is OVER. --this tense is not used in conversational French or in informal writing. It is a literary tense. It is used in formal writing such as history or literature. --The pass compos is the equivalent of the pass simple and is replacing it more and more in literature, although the verbs avoir and tre are still quite commonly written in the pass simple in formal writing. Formation: For all -ER verbs, drop the -ER and add the endings: -ai -mes -as -tes -a -rent For all -IR and -RE verbs, drop the ending of the infinitive and add the endings: -is -mes -is -tes -it -irent

When to use the Plus Que Parfait

Formation The pluperfect (le plus-que-parfait) is formed with the auxiliary in the imparfait followed by the past participle of the verb. The choice of auxiliary, tre or avoir, is the same as for the pass compos. Plus-que-parfait = auxiliary in the imparfait + past participle of verb This tense expressed: I had done something I did something Pass Compos I was doing something/I used to do something LImparfait (For clarification) Manger and Avoir j'avais mange - I had eaten tu avais mange - you had eaten il, elle / on avait mange - he, she (it) / one had eaten nous avions mang - we had eaten vous aviez mange - you had eaten ils / elles avaient mange - they had eaten

Aller and Etre j'tais all(e) - I had gone tu tais all(e) - you had gone il, elle / on tait all(e), he, she (it) / one had gone nous tions all(e)s - we had gone vous tiez all(e)(s) - you had gone ils / elles taient all(e)s - they had gone The French past perfect is a compound conjugation, which means it has two parts: 1. imperfect of the auxiliary verb (either avoir or tre) 2. past participle of the main verb Note: Like all French compound conjugations, the past perfect may be subject to grammatical agreement: y When the auxiliary verb is tre, the past participle must agree with the subject
y

When the auxiliary verb is avoir, the past participle may have to agree with its direct object

French past perfect conjugations AIMER (auxiliary verb is avoir) j' avais aim tu avais aim il, avait aim elle DEVENIR (tre verb) j' tais devenu(e) tu tais devenu(e) il tait devenu elle tait devenue SE LAVER (pronominal verb) je m'tais lav(e) tu t'tais lav(e) il s'tait lav elle s'tait lave

nous vous ils, elles

avions aim aviez aim avaient aim

nous vous ils elles

tions devenu(e)s tiez devenu(e)(s) taient devenus taient devenues

nous vous ils elles

nous tions lav(e)s vous tiez lav(e)(s) s'taient lavs s'taient laves

Participe Passe
The past participle, called le participe pass in French, is very similar in French and English. The French past participle usually ends in -, -i, or -u, while its English equivalent usually ends in -ed or -en. The past participle has three main uses in French: 1. With an auxiliary verb, the past participle forms compound tenses such as the pass compos: J'ai travaill hier. I worked yesterday. Il est arriv midi. He arrived at noon. 2. With tre, the past participle is used to conjugate the French passive voice. Le mnage est fait tous les jours. The housework is done every day. Ce film sera suivi d'une discussion. This movie will be followed by a discussion.

3. Standing alone or with tre, the French past participle may be an adjective. Note that in some instances, the participe pass must be translated by the English present participle. Fatigu, je suis rentr minuit. Tired, I went home at midnight. Le garon du a pleur. The disappointed boy cried. Le chien assis sur le canap est mignon. The dog sitting (seated) on the couch is cute. Je ne vois pas d'homme agenouill. I don't see a kneeling man. Ce livre est crit en espagnol. This book is written in Spanish. Sais-tu si le dbat est termin ? Do you know if the debate is finished? Note: When used in the passive voice or as an adjective, the past participle needs to agree in gender and number with the word it modifies, following the normal rules of adjective agreement. In the compound tenses, it may or may not need to agree, depending on certain factors - learn more. La voiture est lave par mon fils. The car is washed by my son. Les solutions proposes sont parfaites. The proposed solutions are perfect. Elles sont alles la banque. They went to the bank. O est Lise ? Je l'ai vue ce matin. Where is Lise? I saw her this morning. The past participle of regular verbs is formed by dropping the infinitive ending of a verb and adding , i, or u to -er, -ir, and -re verbs, respectively: -ER verbs Verb parler (to talk) Remove er

Add Past participle parl (talked) -IR verbs Verb russir (to succeed) Remove ir Add i Past participle russi (succeeded) -RE verbs Verb vendre (to sell) Remove re Add u Past participle vendu (sold)

Most irregular French verbs have irregular past participles: acqurir > acquis apprendre > appris atteindre > atteint avoir > eu boire > bu comprendre > compris conduire > conduit connatre > connu construire > construit courir > couru couvrir > couvert craindre > craint croire > cru dcevoir > du dcouvrir > dcouvert devoir > d dire > dit crire > crit tre > t faire > fait instruire > instruit joindre > joint lire > lu mettre > mis mourir > mort offrir > offert ouvrir > ouvert natre > n paratre > paru peindre > peint pouvoir > pu prendre > pris produire > produit recevoir > reu savoir > su souffrir > souffert suivre > suivi tenir > tenu venir > venu vivre > vcu

voir > vu

vouloir > voulu

Futur Simple
The French future tense is very similar to the English future tense: it talks about upcoming events. While the French future tense has a full set of conjugations, the English equivalent is just the modal verb "will" + main verb. J'irai au magasin demain I will go to the store tomorrow. Ils mangeront dans l'avion They will eat on the plane. The French future tense can also be used in si clauses, to express what will happen if a condition is met: Si j'ai le temps, je le ferai If I have time, I will do it. Je le ferai si j'ai le temps I will do it if I have time.

There are some differences between the French and English future tenses. 1. When the action of the verb after certain constructions* will take place in the future, the future tense is used in French, whereas in English the present tense is used. *aprs que (after),aussitt que (as soon as), ds que (as soon as),esprer que (to hope that), lorsque (when), quand(when), une fois que (once): Quand il arrivera, nous mangerons. When he arrives, we will eat. Je vous tlphonerai ds que je pourrai. I'll call you as soon as I can. 2. In journalism and other factual narration, the future is often used in French even though the

events are in the past. N en Martinique, Aim Csaire tudiera Paris et redcouvrira l'Afrique Born in Martinique, Aim Csaire studied in Paris and rediscovered Africa. 3. In French, the future can also be used for polite orders and requests, in place of thevous form of the imperative: Vous fermerez la porte, s'il vous plat. Close the door, please. There is only one set of endings for all verbs, and most of them - even many which are irregular in the present tense - use their infinitive as the root. There are only about two dozen stemchanging or irregular verbs which have irregular future stems but take the same endings:* acheter > achter- similar verbs: achever, amener, emmener, lever, promener acqurir > acquerr- similar verbs: conqurir, s'enqurir appeler > appeller- similar verbs: peler, jeter, projeter, rappeler aller > irpleuvoir > pleuvravoir > aurpouvoir > pourrdevoir > devrsavoir > saurenvoyer > enverrvaloir > vaudressayer > essaier- similar verbs: employer, ennuyer, nettoyer, payer tre > servoir > verr- similar verb: revoir faire > fervouloir > voudr falloir > faudr*Notes: venir > viendr- similar verbs: devenir, parvenir, revenir

1. The future stem always ends in R. 2. The exact same verbs are irregular in the conditional and use the same stems.

French future conjugations To conjugate an -ER or -IR verb in the future tense, add the appropriate endings to the infinitive. For -RE verbs, remove the final -e and then add the future endings. For irregular verbs, add the endings to the irregular future stem. For example, here are the future conjugations for the regular verbs parler (to speak), finir (to finish), and vendre (to sell) and the irregular verb aller (to go): Pronoun Future ending je -ai tu -as il -a nous -ons vous -ez ils -ont parler > parlerparlerai parleras parlera parlerons parlerez parleront finir > finirfinirai finiras finira finirons finirez finiront vendre > vendrvendrai vendras vendra vendrons vendrez vendront aller > irirai iras ira irons irez iront

Conditionnel Prsent
The French conditional mood is very similar to the English conditional mood. It describes events that are not guaranteed to occur; often they are dependent on certain conditions. While the French conditional mood has a full set of conjugations, the English equivalent is just the modal verb "would" + main verb. The French conditional is mainly used in si clauses, to express what would happen if a condition were met: Il mangerait s'il avait faim. He would eat if he were hungry. Si nous tudiions, nous serions plus intelligents. If we studied, (then) we would be smarter.

The verb vouloir is used in the conditional to express a polite request: Je voudrais une pomme.

I would like an apple. Je voudrais aller avec vous. I would like to go with you. However, you can't say "si vous voudriez" to mean "if you would like," because the French conditional can never be used after si.

The verb aimer is used to express a polite desire, sometimes one that cannot be fulfilled: J'aimerais bien le voir ! I would really like to see it! J'aimerais y aller, mais je dois travailler I would like to go, but I have to work. There is only one set of endings for all verbs, and most of them - even many which are irregular in the present tense - use their infinitive as the root. There are only about two dozen stemchanging or irregular verbs which have irregular conditional stems but take the same endings:* acheter > achter- similar verbs: achever, amener, emmener, lever, promener acqurir > acquerr- similar verbs: conqurir, s'enqurir appeler > appeller- similar verbs: peler, jeter, projeter, rappeler aller > iravoir > aurdevoir > devrenvoyer > enverressayer > essaier- similar verbs: employer, ennuyer, nettoyer, payer venir > viendr- similar verbs: devenir, parvenir, revenir voir > verr- similar verb: revoir vouloir > voudrfalloir > faudrpleuvoir > pleuvrpouvoir > pourrsavoir > saurvaloir > vaudr-

tre > serfaire > fer-

*Notes: 1. The conditional stem always ends in R. 2. The exact same verbs are irregular in the future and use the same stems.

French conditional conjugations To conjugate an -ER or -IR verb in the conditional, add the appropriate endings to the infinitive. For -RE verbs, remove the final -e and then add the conditional endings. For irregular verbs, add the endings to the irregular conditional stem. For example, here are the conditional conjugations for the regular verbs parler (to speak), finir (to finish), andvendre (to sell) and the irregular verb aller (to go): Pronoun Conditional ending je -ais tu -ais il -ait nous -ions vous -iez ils -aient parler > parlerparlerais parlerais parlerait parlerions parleriez parleraient finir > finir- vendre > vendrfinirais finirais finirait finirions finiriez finiraient vendrais vendrais vendrait vendrions vendriez vendraient aller > irirais irais irait irions iriez iraient

Le future Anterieur
The French future perfect is most commonly used like the English future perfect: to describe an action that will have happened or will be finished by a specific point in the future. J'aurai mang midi. I will have eaten at noon. Quand tu arriveras, il l'aura dj fait. When you arrive, he will already have done it. Elle lui aura parl demain. She will have talked to him (by) tomorrow. Dans un mois, nous serons partis. In a month, we will have left.

There are three uses of the French future perfect that don't correspond to the English future perfect: 1. In subordinate clauses that begin with theconjunctions aussitt que, ds que, lorsque, quand,une fois que, and aprs que, the future perfect is used to express a future action which will be completed before the action in the main clause. In English, a present tense or past tense would be used here. Quand je serai descendu, tu pourras me le montrer. When I have come down, you can show it to me. Nous le ferons aussitt qu'elle sera arrive. We'll do it as soon as she arrives / has arrived. 2. The future perfect can make simple assumptions regarding past events, where the English modal verb "must" would be used in conjunction with the past perfect: Pierre n'est pas ici ; il aura oubli. Pierre isn't here; he must have forgotten. Luc est heureux ; il aura gagn. Luc is happy; he must have won. 3. In historical narratives, the events of a person's life can be described with the future perfect even though those events have long since passed. In English, these might be translated by a past tense or conditional: Napolon aura pris une dcision importante. Napoleon made / would make an important decision. George Sand aura crit le roman La Mare au Diable en quatre jours. George Sand wrote / would go on to write the novel La Mare au Diable in four days. The French future perfect is a compound conjugation, which means it has two parts: 1. future of the auxiliary verb (either avoir or tre) 2. past participle of the main verb Note: Like all French compound conjugations, the future perfect may be subject to grammatical agreement: y When the auxiliary verb is tre, the past participle must agree with the subject
y

When the auxiliary verb is avoir, the past participle may have to agree with its direct object

French future perfect conjugations

AIMER (auxiliary verb is avoir) j' aurai aim tu auras aim il, aura aim elle DEVENIR (tre verb) je serai devenu(e) tu seras devenu(e) il sera devenu elle sera devenue SE LAVER (pronominal verb) je me serai lav(e) tu te seras lav(e) il se sera lav elle se sera lave

nous vous ils, elles

aurons aim aurez aim auront aim

nous vous ils elles

serons devenu(e)s serez devenu(e)(s) seront devenus seront devenues

nous vous ils elles

nous serons lav(e)s vous serez lav(e)(s) se seront lavs se seront laves

Le Conditionnel Anterieur
The French conditional perfect, or past conditional, is usually used just like the English conditional perfect: to express action that would have occurred if in the past circumstances had been different. The conditional perfect is often used for the result clause in si clauses with the unmet condition in the past perfect: Si je l'avais vu, je l'aurais achet. If I had seen it, I would have bought it. Il serait venu si nous l'avions invit. He would have come if we had invited him.

The conditional perfect can also be used in a sentence where the unmet condition is only implied: ta place, je l'aurais dit. In your place, I would have said it. Elles auraient d acheter un plan. They should have bought a map.

Use the conditional perfect to express an unrealized desire in the past: J'aurais aim te voir, mais j'ai d travailler. I would have liked to see you, but I had to work. Nous aurions voulu manger, mais c'tait trop tard. We would have liked to eat, but it was too late.

The conditional perfect can also report an uncertain / unverified fact, especially in the news: Il y aurait eu un accident dans le mtro. An accident in the subway has been reported. Six Parisiens seraient morts. Apparently, six Parisians have been killed.

The French conditional perfect, or past conditional, is a compound conjugation, which means it has two parts: 1. conditional of the auxiliary verb (either avoir or tre) 2. past participle of the main verb Note: Like all French compound conjugations, the conditional perfect may be subject to grammatical agreement: y When the auxiliary verb is tre, the past participle must agree with the subject
y

When the auxiliary verb is avoir, the past participle may have to agree with its direct object

French conditional perfect conjugations AIMER (auxiliary verb is avoir) j' aurais aim tu aurais aim il, aurait aim elle DEVENIR (tre verb) je serais devenu(e) tu serais devenu(e) il serait devenu elle serait devenue

nous vous ils, elles

aurions aim auriez aim auraient aim

nous vous ils elles

serions devenu(e)s seriez devenu(e)(s) seraient devenus seraient devenues

SE LAVER (pronominal verb) je me serais lav(e) tu te serais lav(e) il se serait lav elle se serait lave

nous vous ils elles

nous serions lav(e)s vous seriez lav(e)(s) se seraient lavs se seraient laves

Subjunctive
The subjunctive mood is used to express actions or ideas which are subjective or otherwise uncertain: will/wanting, emotion, doubt, possibility, necessity, judgment. It is nearly always found in dependent clauses introduced by que or qui, and the subjects of the dependent and main clauses are usually different. Je veux que tu le fasses. I want you to do it. Il faut que nous partions. it is necessary that we leave. The following pages of this lesson include lists of verbs, expressions, and conjunctions which require the subjunctive in French. They are divided into categories to help you remember them, but if you're ever in doubt as to whether any given expression needs the subjunctive, my Subjunctivator can give you a quick yes or no. The subjunctive can seem overwhelming, but the thing to remember is the subjunctive = subjectivity, unreality. That should help you figure it out at least 90% of the time. NOTE: There is no future subjunctive. Even if the action is to happen in the future, the present subjunctive is used

To conjugate all regular verbs ending -ER, -IR, and -RE, as well as some irregular* ones, take the 3rd person plural ils form of the present tense of the verb, drop the -ent ending to find the stem, and add the subjunctive endings as follows: parler ils parlent stem parlSubjunctive endings ... que je parle -e ... que tu parles -es ... qu' il/elle/on -e parle choisir choisissent choisisschoisisse choisisses choisisse rendre rendent rendrende rendes rende partir partent partparte partes parte sortir sortent sortsorte sortes sorte mettre mettent mettmette mettes mette

... que nous ... que vous ... qu' ils/elles

-ions parlions choisissions parliez choisissiez -iez -ent parlent choisissent

rendions partions sortions mettions rendiez partiez sortiez mettiez rendent partent sortent mettent

*Many verbs which are irregular in the present tense are regular in the subjunctive, including all -IR verbs conjugated like partir and sortir and -RE verbs conjugated like mettre. Verb Subjunctive forms je sois tu sois il soit tre nous soyons vous soyez ils soient j'aie tu aies il ait avoir nous ayons vous ayez ils aient je fasse tu fasses il fasse faire nous fassions vous fassiez ils fassent j'aille tu ailles il aille aller nous allions vous alliez ils aillent Verb Subjunctive forms je puisse tu puisses il puisse pouvoir nous puissions vous puissiez ils puissent je sache tu saches il sache savoir nous sachions vous sachiez ils sachent je veuille tu veuilles il veuille vouloir nous voulions vous vouliez ils veuillent je vaille tu vailles il vaille nous valions vous valiez ils vaillent

valoir