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I. Chapter 1: Energy Conversion E = w + q Design a typical day of a person and calculate and plot the amount of work, w, and heat, q, (in joules) used for 24 hours.
Procedures 1. Create a student and define his or her physical property. (age, weight, typical body temperature, volume of air intake into a lung, typical pulse/minute, blood pressure, personality, etc.). 2. Create a schedule of daily activities starting from 0:00 AM to 0:00 AM of the next day. Please make at least 8 activities. By mainly using the internet, find the resources for calculating the required/received amount of energy (work or heat) for each activity. (Use Google Search to find an appropriate link.) 3. Plot the total amount of energy change every hour, and create your MS-Excel file REQUIREMENTS The person needs breathe all the time. The person needs to sleep at least 6 hours/day. The person needs to eat at least 2 times a day.
II. Chapter 1: Temperature Dependence in Enthalpy HT2-T1 = n Cm,P (T2 T1) Calculate the enthalpy change H due to breathings per day at different cities.
Procedures 1. Create a person and define his or her physical property. (typical body temperature, volume of air intake into a lung, and typical breathing rate). 2. Use the internet, and find out todays temperature and atmospheric pressure of Geneseo. 3. Calculate the enthalpy change as this person breath for a day at outside. Use the molar heat capacity of the air at constant pressure, Cm,P, as 30 J/K mol. 4. Repeat the procedure 3 for two other cities. Then, plot them as a bar graph in MS-Excel file.
= 1/ (1 + c)
Using the efficiency calculated from Carnot Cycle , simulate the cost of operating the AC (Air Conditioner) of different brand models. The AC should be capable of being cooler and heater for the hot months and cold months, respectively. Procedures 1. Survey the web and find AC from three different brands, price, and coefficient of performance (COP).
CHEM324-Cumulative Session 1.
January 27, 2011
2. Calculate and plot the total cost of operation (AC and fee of electricity) for five years by using the following conditions and the background knowledge. 3. Plot the cost of operation of each product for five years. [Note that this graph intends to show which product is cost effective.]
Conditions (Note that you need to use the values given in bold face.) Cold Months: This family wishes to maintain their house at comfortable temperature for six months (October, November, December, January, February, and March). With an appropriate amount of heat capacity of air and the area of the rooms, the energy per 7 month was calculated to be 3.5 10 kJ for each month. Hot Months: This family wishes to maintain their house at comfortable temperature for four months (June, July, August, and September). With an appropriate amount of heat capacity of air and the area of the rooms, the energy per month was calculated to be 2.5 107 kJ for each month.
Background Knowledge The coefficient of performance and efficiency for an ideal Carnot pump.
|q| = |wT|
wT: the work, which must be supplied by electrical energy : efficiency q: the heat needs to be transferred
In order to make a simple situation, the efficiency of the work () is given as:
= 1/ (1 + c)
where c is a coefficient of performance (COP) . NOTE: Although you usually the COP value is displayed, the definition of the COP is
CHEM324-Cumulative Session 1.
January 27, 2011
I. Energy Conversion: E = w + q
Physical Description of a Person
(Chapter 1)
Male, 22 years old, 60 kg, inhaling volume of the lung 0.5 L, breathing rate 12 times/minute, pulse rate 55 pulses/minute, body temperature 37 oC, pressure of the outside 1 atm
Daily Activities Breathing/hour Amount of Energy (J) / hour 101.3(J/L atm)(1 atm 0.5L) 12breath/minute 60 min/hr = 36468 J 101.3(J/L atm)(1 atm 0.5L) 6 breath/minute 60 min/hr= 18234 J 0.35 L milk, 15 g corn flakes, orange = 550000J Time of the activity 5AM-9PM (16 hours) 0-5AM 9PM-0AM (8 hours) 5 AM Reference Class Note
Sleep/hour
Class Note
Breakfast
Dinner
3 g bread, 500g steak, orange juice, banana, salad = 950000J Chocolate (20x M&M) 50000 J
6 PM
http://www.foodnet.com
Snacks
http://www.foodnet.com
Jogging
150000J/hour and breathing twice fast 101.3(J/L atm)(1 atm 0.5L) 24breath/minute 60 min/hr = 75975 J -300000 J/hour
http://www.sports.net.com
4-6 PM
-120000 J/hour
6-7 PM
http://www.snow.com
5000 J/min
http://www.sleep.net
Vacuuming
1000 J/min
http://www.cleaning.com
Washing Dishes
-5000 J/min
http://www.washing.com
CHEM324-Cumulative Session 1.
January 27, 2011
(Chapter 1)
Ref.
http://www.geneseoweather.c om
Mumbai, India
Number of moles of the air= 0.02035 mol H = n Cm,p T= 6.65 (J) Heat Loss from Breathing =143.64 kJ/day
Copenhagen, Denmark
Number of moles of the air= 0.02286 mol H = n Cm,p T= 26.894 (J) Heat Loss from Breathing =580.92 kJ/day
CHEM324-Cumulative Session 1.
January 27, 2011
1350
6.15
www.kitachi.com
TOSHIPA
850
3.26
www.toshipa.com
Electric Bill Company Heaven Power Charge Ref. $0.0714/ kW-hour for the first www.heavenpower.com 600kWh and $0.0410 for each kWh thereafter.
Total Operating Cost (5 years) Company (Model) Gentle Electric KITACHI TOSHIPA Total Operating cost ($) For 5 years $6248 $4730 $5905