E ergy E cien y: A Ene Effic ncy Re pe f Suc ess ecip for S cce

An x 1 nnex
E Energ effi gy icienc an CO2 trends at cy nd O a world le evel

ds p ergy intens by worl region sity ld Figure A 2.1 Trend in the primary ene

There is a rapid red s duction for China or CIS countries, and to a les C S sser extent I India. There is some e converge ence in the primary energy intensity levels over time. The tr y r rend and lev are very close for vel Europe a Latin Am and merica.

Figure A 2.2 Varia ation of primary energ intensity in G-20 countries gy y c

Source: Enerdata

Since 20 004, there is an accelera s ration of the primary ene ergy intensity decrease iin all G-20 members, y m except S Saudi Arabia, Australia an Mexico. , nd

Figure A 2.3 Primary energy intensity by sector in selected countries (1990-2008 y i 8)

Source: E Enerdata

There is a reduction of the prima energy in s ary ntensity in all countries except Egypt, Thailand, Brazil and l , B Iran. Decreasing inte ensities are mainly due t industry in Russia, Ch to n hina, UE and d/or to households in Russia, China and In ndia.

Figure A 2.4 Fin energy intensity in relation to HDI (H nal n Human De evelopment Index* t (2007)
1,00 0,95 Norway Au ustralia Canada C Italy Germany US UK U South Korea France Japan Spain Eu urope entina Uru uguay Arge Poland d Ch hile Venezuela V Mexico Slovakia Belarus Malaysia M Russia Pe eru Turke ey Colombia Brazil Thailand d Ch hina Tunisia Algeria Parag guay Indonesia Hondura as Bolivia Middle E East Egy ypt Nicarag gua South A Africa Moro occo Co ongo India An ngola 0,55 0,50
0,05 0,10 0 0,15 0,20 0,25 0 0,30

Human Development Index

0,90 0,85 0,80 0,75 0,70 0,65 0,60

Ukraine Viet tnam

Lao L Africa

Final intensity (koe/$2005p F y p)

Source: E Enerdata

Generall countries with a high HDI have als a lower fin energy in ly, H so nal ntensities; ho owever the co orrelation is not so clear. o

Figure A 2.5 Structure of GDP by main sector

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%
Europe North Latin America America China India Other Asia
Tertiary

Af rica

Middle East

OECD Asia

CEI

World

Industry

Agriculture

Source: Enerdata

Figure A 2.6 Specific electricity consumption for primary aluminium production

17000 16000 15000

kWh/ton

14000 13000 12000 11000 10000

Africa (Guinea)

North America

Latin America

China, Japan, Korea

1990

2000

Australia

2007

World

EU

Figure A 2.7 House ehold electr ricity consu umption for electrical appliances & lighting in OECD r a i countrie (thermal uses exclud es ded)

800 00 700 00

kWh/household

600 00 1997 7 500 00 400 00 300 00 200 00 100 00 0 2007

Canada C d

South Korea New Zealand

Japan

Germany

Norway

Australia

France

EU-27

EU max

Spain

USA

UK

Italy

Source: E Enerdata from ODYSSEE database m E

The com mparison of electricity co onsumption per household is more relevant if thermal use (space es heating, cooking an water hea nd ating) are ex xcluded, res stricting this consumption to captive uses of n e electricit such as r ty, refrigerators, TV, washin machines or lighting, as some c , ng s , countries ten to use nd electricit for therma uses because of low e ty al electricity prices (e.g. No orway, Canad da). Howeve due to er, data ava ailability suc comparison is limited to OECD countries. For these c ch d F countries, the annual consump ption per hou usehold for appliances an lighting ra a nd anged between 1000-500 kWh in the EU and 00 e 8000 kW in the U Wh USA in 2007 Trend in this consum 7. mption is dr riven upward by the increased rds applianc ownershi but is slow down be cause of the measures im ces ip wed e mplemented on these ap d ppliances. The prog gression is m moderate in some countriies, such as Canada, UK Germany, o Norway. s K, or

Figure A 2.8 Varia ations in CO emissio per cap * O2 ons pita

Source: E Enerdata

At world level, CO2 emissions per capita h d 2 have increas sed by 8% from 1990 t 2008. Th largest to he progress sion is obser rved in OECD Asia and P D Pacific, Middl East and China le C

EU min

Figure A 2.9 Variation in CO2 intensity by region (1990-2008)

2,0 1,8 1,6 1,4

China

kCO2/US$

1,2

CIS
1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0

India Africa Latin America Europe

North America OECD Asia

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

US$2005 ppp
Source: Enerdata

Decrease of CO2 intensity in all regions: very rapid in China and CIS countries