National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Commercial Crew Program Overview

Masters Forum 20

Maria Collura April 22, 2011

Commercial Crew Program

CCP Objective
CCP is leading NASAs efforts to develop an American-made commercial capability for crew transportation and rescue services to the ISS following this year's retirement of the space shuttle fleet
Kennedy Space Center will host the program office dedicated to enabling commercial human spaceflight capabilities. Program Manager (PM) will reside at KSC Deputy Program Manager located at JSC

Program Mission
Manage the investment in the development of commercial end-toend space transportation systems Manage the CTS (Crew Transportation System) certification process Lead the technical and programmatic partner integration and approval functions

CCP Organization
Human Exploration & Operations Directorate C3PO Program

Commercial Crew Program

ISS Program
Technical Authority LSP Program

FAA

Systems Systems Engineering & Requirements

Launch Vehicle Spacecraft Launch & Recovery Systems Mission Planning & Integration

Partner Integration

Program Control & Integration

Partner Team (Blue Origin)

Partner Team (Boeing)

Partner Team (Sierra Nevada)

Partner Team (Space X)

3

CCT-1100 Series Documents

ESMD-CCTSCR-12.10
Agency and HQ Level Requirements levied on the Program intended to certify a CTS to carry a NASA crewmember to LEO

CCT-PLN-1100
High Level Program Summary of roles, responsibilities, and interfaces between CCP and partners in the development of CTS, and How NASA and the CP will work together to achieve a Certified Human Flight Vehicle

CCT-REQ-1130
Crew Transportation and Services Requirements - must meet to transport NASA Crew to the ISS

SSP 50808
ISS Visiting Vehicle Requirements - must comply with to interface with the International Space Station

CCT-PLN-1120
Crew Transportation Technical Management Processes summary of technical management processes that support certification and expectations for evidence of compliance

CCT-STD-1140
Crew Transportation Design Standard Guidelines - provides expectations, and criteria used in evaluation of technical standards

CCT-STD-1150
Crew Transportation Operations Standard Guidelines - provides expectations for minimum criteria and practices for operations

CCT-DRM-1110
Crew Transportation System DRMs potential reference missions for current and evolvable systems architecture designs
4

Insight/Oversight Model Level of Involvement

NASA will perform insight/oversight on the Commercial Partners design, development, and certification process to evaluate the end-toend crew transportation system
Scientific & Commercial Spacecraft--Contracted Human Spaceflight

Commercial Crew

COTS & CRS

Launch Services Program

Low In/Oversight

Intense In/Oversight

Commercial Crew Structure and Timelines

Title
Purpose
Develop and demonstrate technologies that enable commercial human spaceflight capabilities.

2010

2011
April All Agreements Complete

2012

2013-2016

CCDev

February Awards

CCDev Round 2

Mature the Design and Development of elements of the system, such as launch vehicles and spacecraft.

October Announcement for Proposals

April Awards

May Agreements Complete

CCDev Round 3

Design of integrated commercial crew systems.

CCP

Mature Development, Test and Certification of end-toend systems. Prepared for services to ISS by end of 2016.
Today

6 Pre-Decisional NASA Internal Use Only

Commercial Crew Development (CCDev)

The NASA Recovery Act stimulus funding, included $50M to stimulate efforts within the private sector to develop and demonstrate technologies that enable commercial human spaceflight capabilities On February 1, 2010 five partners were announced and received funding: Blue Origin Boeing Paragon Sierra Nevada Corporation United Launch Alliance (ULA) All Agreements were concluded by December 2010, with the exception of ULA and Boeing who received no-cost extensions to April 2011
7

Commercial Crew Development Round 2 CCDev2

CCDev 2 Summary
Participant Name Work Summary NASA Funding

Blue Origin

Space Vehicle design to SRR, pusher escape ground and flight testing, and engine pump and thrust chamber testing CST-100 design maturation to PDR and launch vehicle integration

$22,005,000

Boeing

$92,300,000

Sierra Nevada Corporation

Dream Chaser crew transportation system design maturation to PDR and component testing

$80,000,000

SpaceX

Side-mount LAS engine design maturation and partner-funded crew accommodation prototype

$75,000,000

Total Funding

$269,305,000
9

Blue Origin
Total NASA funding

$22M

Description & Features:

Flare

Bi-directional Fins

Deep-throttling Engines

Launch vehicles Atlas V Then on their own Reusable Booster System (RBS) Biconic shape capsule spacecraft Composite structure Landing system trade study Pusher Escape System Testing Fully Reusable Booster System (RBS) Post separation, RBS will either ballistic trajectory downrange or restart engines to return to launch site Direct docking to ISS Vehicle Mass: 22,000 lbm
SRR May 2012 kg/Flt --PDR --Max Crew 7

Comments:
Orbital

Design Reviews
Suborbital

Capacity Summary
Low Altitude

Goddard

CC + PM

SV + Atlas V

SV + RBS

Time

Subs/Suppliers: NASA Ames Research Center NASA Stennis Space Center ULA

Aerojet Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control HSWT U.S. Air Force Holloman High Speed Test Track
10

Boeing
Total NASA funding

$92M

Ascent Cover Forward Heatshield

Description & Features:

LAS Roll Thrusters (8)

Forward Window
Side Window Side Hatch

CM RCS Thrusters (12)

SM RCS Thrusters (28) CM-SM Umbilical

Orbital Maneuvering, Attitude Control (OMAC)

Launch Abort Engine (LAE)

Launch vehicles Atlas V 412, Delta IV Compatible with Liberty and F9 CST-100 is a reusable capsule spacecraft Land landing on airbags Integrated bi-propellant SM propulsion system Direct docking to ISS 48 hours of autonomous flight operations Vehicle Mass: 30,430 lbs

Comments:
MMOD/Thermal Shield

123456-006

Radiators (4) Thruster Doghouse (4)

Crew ingress De-orbit preps Un-docking Separation De-orbit burn Orbital operations Spacecraft operations control Mission planning Ground processing ops control Crew training Cargo manifesting Integrated testing Launch operations Orbital command and control Landing and recovery control SM separation SM disposal

Rendezvous/proximity operations Docking Mated operations Crew Cargo transfer Orbital insertion

Design Reviews Capacity Summary

Landing

Launch

MECO LV staging Spacecraft separation LV disposal

Mission control

Delta SDR May 2011 kg/Flt 1,164

PDR April 2012 Max Crew 7

Pad operations Spacecraft arrival at launch pad Hoist and mate to launch vehicle Late cargo loading Crew ingress Countdown Launch

Subs/Suppliers:
Pre-launch processing Cargo loading Final test and checkout Fueling Ordnance installation Encapsulation
Assembly, refurbishment and test Spacecraft element production Element test and checkout Recovery Initial safing Crew egress Cargo removal Load on transporter Transport to manufacturing for potential reuse
193879-011.pptx

Software Development and Integration Flight, Ground, Mission Ops SW Dev Avionics HW/SW and ISS Integration testing Mission / Vehicle Common Data System

Airborne Systems BA ILC Dover Spincraft

United Space Alliance United Launch Alliance PWR

11

Sierra Nevada Corporation

Total NASA funding

$80M

Description & Features:

Launch vehicles Atlas V-402 Investigating other options (ATK Booster) Dream Chaser is a Reusable Piloted Lifting Body, Derived from NASA HL-20 Onboard hybrid propulsion & high lift provide runway landings for nominal missions and ascent aborts Direct docking to ISS Vehicle Mass: 27,100 lbm Multiple & Flexible Abort Options (no black zones)
SRR May 2011 Cargo (kg/Flt) w/Crew PDR May 2012 Max Crew

Comments:

Design Reviews Capacity Summary

1,500

Subs/Suppliers:
United Launch Alliance AEROJET Adam Works Boeing MDA NASA LaRC United Space Alliance Draper Laboratory SAS Virgin Galactic University of Colorado

12

SpaceX
Total NASA funding

$75M

Description & Features:

Dragon Capsule Spacecraft Cargo version to evolve into crew version Many systems identical in both Integrated LAS development and crew accommodations are the focus for CCDev2 Water landing (helicopter recovery) for early missions and land landing for later missions Falcon 9 Launch Vehicle Two-stage LOX and kerosene Falcon 9/Dragon launches Successful COTS launch 12/8/10 11 more scheduled before crew launch
Concept Baseline Review May 2012 Max Crew 7

Comments:
DRAGON AT A GLANCE INTEGRATED LAS Offers significant advantages over tower systems

WINDOWS Flight-proven and common to cargo and crew Dragon DRACO THRUSTERS Flight-proven and common to cargo and crew Dragon GROUND LANDING Propulsive, precise system part of long-term capability

Design Reviews
Capacity Summary

LAS PDR Sept 2011 kg/Flt ---

Subs/Suppliers:
PICA-X SpaceX system has large factor of safety for ISS reentry

ARES Corporation Odyssey Space Research ATA Engineering Wyle Laboratories Information Systems Laboratories Inc.

Paragon SDC ILC Dover Oceaneering Orbital Outfitters

13

 A successful Commercial Crew Program will:

Transform human spaceflight for future generations Result in safe, reliable, cost effective crew transportation to LEO and in support of ISS Free NASAs limited resources for beyond-LEO capabilities Reduce reliance on foreign systems

14