COMMON NAMES OF SOME ELEMENTS & COMPOUND

Active charcoal- C (carbon having high capacity of absorption) Adams catalyst- Pt/PtO (used as a catalyst in hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbon) Albanite- MnS (manufacture of steel) Alums- A2SO4B2(SO4)3.24H2O where A is monovalent and B is trivalent element (purification of water and clotting of blood) Anhydrite- CaSO4 (as drying agent) Animal charcoal- C- 10% + Ca3(PO4)2- 90% (decolouring agent) Animal starch- glycogen (C6H12O6) Anti chlor or hypo- Na2S2O3.5H2O Aqua dag- colloidal soln of graphite in water Aqua fortis- Conc. HNO3 (oxidizing acid) Aqua regia- 1:3 soln of conc.HNO3 & conc.HCl (for dissolving gold and platinium and in metallurgy) Asbestos- CaSiO3.3MgSiO3 (used in making fire proof cloth) Azurite- Cu(OH)2. 2CuCO3 (ore of copper) Baking powder- NaHCO3 + tartaric acid (in bakery) Baking soda- NaHCO3 Bardeaux mixture- CuSO4 + CaO + H2O (as disinfectant)

Barfoeds reagent- Glacial acetic acid + 1% copper acetate (identification of monosaccharides and disaccharides Barytes or heavy spar- BaSO4 Bauxite- Al2O3.2H2O (an ore of aluminium) Bayers reagent- Neutral KMnO4 (test of unsaturation) Black ash- Na2CO3 + CaS + C Bleaching powder or chloride of lime- CaOCl2 (as bleaching agent & disinfectant) Blue vitriol- CuSO4.5H2O Brim stone- S natural Calamine- ZnCO3 (skin lotion) Calomel- Hg2Cl2 Carbogen- 95% O2 + 5% CO2(used in carbon monoxide poisioning) Carbolic acid- phenol Carbon black- pure carbon (printing ink) Carborundrum- SiC Carnallite- KCl.MgCl2.6H2O Caros acid or peroxymonosulphuric acid- H2SO5 Cassiterite or tin stone- SnO2 (an ore of tin) Caustic soda- NaOH Chalcopyrites- CuFeS2 (an ore of copper) Chalk or calcite- CaCO3

Chile saltpeter- NaNO3 China clay- Al2O3, 2SiO2, 2H2O (porcelain) Chloral- Cl3C.CHO (preparation of DDT) Chlorapatite- 3Ca3(PO4)2.CaCl2 Cinnabar- HgS Copper glance- Cu2S Copper silver glance- Ag2S.Cu2S Corrosive sublimate- HgCl2 (as an antiseptic) Corundrum or Alumina- Al2O3 (ore of aluminium) Cryolite- Na3AlF6 (extraction of aluminium) Diaspore- Al2O3. H2O Dolomite- CaCO3.MgCO3 Dry ice- solid CO2 Dynamite- nitroglycerine absorbed in kiselgur (an explosive) Epsom salt- MgSO4.7H2O Euchlorine- Cl2 &ClO2 Feldspar- KAlSi3O8 Fentons reagent- FeSO4 + H2O Fluorspar- CaF2 (preparation of fluorine) Fools gold or iron pyrites- FeS2 Fremys salt- KHF2 (preparation of fluorine) Freon- CCl2F2 (freezing mixture, fire extinguiser)

Fusion mixture- anhydroys Na2CO3 + K2CO3(1:1) Galena- PbS Glaubers salt- Na2SO4 Grahams salt- (NaPO3)3 Green vitriol- FeSO4.7H2O Gun powder- charcoal, S, KNO3 (an explosive) Gypsum or Alabaster- CaSO4.2H2O (in cement) Haematite-Fe2O3 (ore of iron) Horn silver- AgCl Hornblende- Al2(SiO3)3 (ore of aluminium) Inorganic graphite- BN Iodides of million base- NHHgOHg Kieserite- MgSO4.H2O Laughing gas- N2O (anesthetic) Lime stone- CaCO3 Litharge- PbO Lithophone- BaSO4 + ZnS Magnesia- MgO Magnesite- MgCO3 Magnetite- Fe3O4( FeO.Fe2O3) (ore of iron) Malachite- Cu(OH)2. CuCO3 (ore of copper) Marsh gas- CH4 (fuel in household)

Marshalls acid or peroxy disulphuric acid- H2S2O8 Mercaptans- RSH where R is alkyl group (detection of leakage in gas cylinders) Mica- KAlSiO10(OH)2 ( as insulator) Milk of magnesia- Mg(OH)2 (used in acidity) Mohrs salt- FeSO4,(NH4)2SO4.6H2O(ferrous ammonium sulphate) Nesslers regent- K2[HgI4] (detection of ammonia) Nitre (saltpeter )- KNO3 Oil of vitriol- conc. H2SO4 Oleum- H2S2O7 (H2SO4 + SO3) Oxone-Na2O2 Perhydrol- H2O2 (disinfectant, oxidizing agent, in rocket engine) Permanent white Barytes- BaSO4 Phosgene- COCl2 Picric acid- 2,4,6 trinitro phenol Plaster of paris- CaSO4.2 H2O (plasters) Potash- K2CO3 Power alcohol- alcohol + petrol Producers gas- CO + N2 (gaseos fuel) Prussic acid- HCN Pyrene- CCl4 Pyrolusite- MnO2 (manufacture of KMnO4) Quartz- SiO2 Quick lime- CaO Quick silver- Hg

Red lead- Pb3O4 Rinmanns green- CoZnO2 Rochelle salts- NaKC4H4O6 (sodium potassium tartarate) (detecting aliphatic aldehyde) Rock salt or Brine- Nacl Ruby copper- Cu2O Ruby silver- 3Ag2S.Sb2S3 Schiffs reagent- Rosaline hydrochloride (detection of aldehyde group) Silver glance or argentite- Ag2S Slaked lime or milk of lime- Ca(OH)2 Soda ash- Na2SO4 Soda lime- NaOH + CaO (drying agent, CO2 absorbent) Sylvine- KCl T.N.T- tri nitro toluene (explosive) Talc- 3MgSiO3.H2O Tear gas or chloropicrin - CCl3.NO2 Thomas slag- Ca3(PO4)2.CaO Tincal- Na2B4O7 Tincture of iodine- alcoholic soln of I2 (anticeptic) Urotropine or hexamethelene tetramine- (CH2)6N4 (medicine in urinary infection) Vinegar- 6% CH3COOH (used in food, and as presevative) Washing soda- Na2CO3.10H2O Water gas- CO + H2 (industrial preparation of H2) Water glass- Na2SiO3

Westron- CHCl2CHCl2 (as a solvent for oil,fat) Westrosol- CHCl=CCl2 (as a solvent for oil,fat) White vitriol- ZnSO4.7H2O Zeolite- Na3Al2Si3O10.2H2O (remove hardness of water) Ziegglers natta catalyst- TiCl4/Al(C2H5)3 Zinc blend or sphalerite- ZnS Zincite or zinc white or Philosophers wool ZnO

by SAURAV GUPTA