POLLUTION EFFECTS

Through the years, people have been inadvertently polluting it with unwanted impurities. It has reached a stage where governments have had to intervene and create a virtual state of emergency in many countries of the world. The news of a pedestrian dying of pollution reached far and wide. People have taken notice that pollution is not something which can be ignored as a side effect of modernization. Cities have played a major role in contributing to pollution of water, air, and land from waste. It is becoming more and more difficult for the authorities to control environmental pollution without the conscious and willing participation of people.

Nowadays pollution is a big problem in the world. Many people and many companies are searching and creating new programs and strategies for avoiding pollution. Also the goverment is trying to find a solution. So it is iportantto know what we are doing with our world. The effects of pollution are a lot but the main ones are the ozone pollution, the death of the nature and then illnesses. Ozone pollution is the biggest problem. Ozone pollution is really an increase in the concentration of ozone in their air at uv ground level. Because the sunlight has a critical role in its formation, ozone pollution is principally a daytime problem in the summer months. Ground-level ozone is produced when sunlight combines with hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxide, two compunds produced by cars, trucks, factories, and power generating plants and found wherever gasoline,diesel or natural gas are combusted. So these gases are going to affect our life. Another effect is that the nature is dying. Some air pollutants harm plants and animals directly. Other pollutants harm the habitat, food or water that plants and animals need to survive. When air pollution causes acid rains, plants that rely on rain water to live and grow are endangered. However all these pollutants are causing changes to the places where plants and animals live around the world. The next effect are illnesses. People have no choice but to breathe the air around them. When it is polluted, they breathe in ozone, particles, and harmful gases that can hurt their lungs, heart and overall health. Air pollution can cause burning eyesand breathing problems, such as asthma or severe bronchitis. Also ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer.
The effects of pollution are clearly indicated from the fact that the ozone layer has been depleted. Global warming is on the rise and climatic changes can be observed even at the poles. The North Pole has been remained in its frozen state since the beginning of time. It is not going to remain like that forever. The glaciers that form land on the North Pole are melting. Scientists are of the view that these glaciers would melt by the end of the century. Frightening thought, isn t it? Mankind has been responsible for this by pumping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This can be highlighted in environmental pollution essays. Greenhouse gases absorb and emit infrared radiation. They are supposed to prevent the temperature on the surface of the Earth from falling to as low as -18 degrees centigrade, which would occur if they were not present. Humans have contributed greatly to disrupting the balance of nature by adding greenhouse gases through deforestation and burning fossil fuels like petroleum and coal, which contain a high percentage of carbon and hydrocarbons. Releasing chemical waste and particles into the atmosphere has not helped matters any further

Water pollution progresses every day in our lakes, oceans, rivers, and other bodies of water that we see and use in many ways. Water is essential for all living things to survive, yet people still pollute it. Its pretty sad to be taking a trip to the beach with your family and you get there to see a sign that says the beach is closed. Or not being able to eat a fish because its diseased from pollution. Not all pollution is deliberate though, the definition of marine pollution according to the Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution (GESAMP), is "Introduction of man, directly or indirectly, of substance or energy into the marine environment resulting in such deleterious effects as a harm to living resources, hazard to human health, hindrance to marine activitiesimpairment of quality for use of sea-water, and reduction of amenities" (Michaels). There are many natural causes for pollution too. The big causes formarine pollution are oil spills, erosion, and sewage, industrial waste
In conclusion, pollution is really a big problem in the world beacuse it is causing ozone depletion, nature dying and many different illnesses. People are creating new projects that will be good for the humanity. But If we dont take conscience about these problems, maybe in the future we will have more problems. So we need to try to avoid pollution.

. Introduction Humanity has always yielded to the pressure of different chemical substances that eventually caused it irreparable damage. Finding the cure from the damage obtained was the next step. And it seems that only now, when the number of the diseases caused by different substances has reached its peak, people have finally understood that the best cure is the prevention of any forms of substance abuse. Alcohol is not the last one in the list of these destructive substances. It is the companion of any significant event occurring in the life of modern people or even an everyday way to relax and get away from all the difficulties. People relax and forget that they are supposed to think not only about their health but also about the health of the people around them. This especially concerns women, as they are the ones to deliver the next generation into the world. A woman s organism is a lot more influenced by any external chemical influences and alcohol becoming woman s frequent companion becomes a real threat for the health of the nation. The contemporary medical world is very much concerned with the female alcohol abuse phenomenon and the appearance of a group of inclinations that both female and male abusers experience. Alcohol abuse is the giant problem, which needs to be fixed desperately. It is very important to understand its nature and the possible effects that it can make to the human body.

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2. Alcohol abuse and possible outcomes The disabilities caused by alcohol last a lifetime and therefore completely change the life of any person and those people who will take care of him. Some people start being exposed to alcohol during their fetal development and therefore suffer throughout their whole lives sometimes not even having a small hope to find their places in the world and not being even comparatively independent. They cannot concentrate, talk too much and are not capable of making proper decisions. Such people are completely helpless and unprotected. The outcomes of alcohol abuse for the body are severe. Alcohol or sometimes called ethanol is a volatile liquid can easily burn oxidizes and is composed of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon, having the formula of C2H5OH. Alcohol influenced the whole human body, even including the central nervous system and the brain of a man. After the process of drinking alcohol people start feeling pleasure and more open to the outer world. Nevertheless, even though the person feels comfortable and more self-confident the most dangerous thing is often forgotten alcohol s side effects. If a person drinks large amounts of alcohol in a very small period of time it may result in the person s brain being suppressed by the chemicals and lead to a fatality. If the amount of alcohol in a human body is exceeding a person can die in his sleep, because the body will not have enough resources to cope with the suppression. It is also extremely dangerous to combine alcohol with other chemical substances. 3. Changes in the human organism The changes that occur in the human organism for the reason of alcohol abuse are terrible. The whole body is damaged and the person stops being able to either move and think properly. The effect of alcohol throughout the period of human s life is immense and even the lesser amount of alcohol may cause some changes. These destructive processes, which occur inside the organism, cause irreparable damage that it made on the genetic level. Even social drinking causes changes in

intellectual and behavior activity of children [2]. Heavy abuse, causing disorders has nowadays become unbelievably widespread. All this changes throughout the period the development of the alcohol dependency cause mental disabilities and severe changes in the human body. 3.a. Physical changes Very often it is said that alcohol heavy drinkers look the same. This happens because in the first place all of them experience problems with their skin. As the vessels of the skin widen, the blood flow to the person s face become more intensive. This is the reason people who drink alcohol have a flushed skin color and constantly feel that they are hot. Alcohol also often causes serious weight problem. As a fact, alcohol prevents people from consuming healthy food on a regular basis and it direct influences the heart of a drinker. This is one of the primary reasons why people who prefer to drink alcohol can experience a heart failure. Another part of the body that is directly damaged by alcohol is the liver. This is primarily due to the fact that it is liver that works the most to clean the organism from the chemicals in alcohol. When alcohol get to the blood of a person rather often, the blood in its turn damages the process of functioning of the liver cells and some of them start dying. The majority of people do not keep in mind the fact that even a one-time alcohol abuse makes the liver cells die, but it is the body of the person, who is not an alcohol heavy drinker, still has time to recuperate from the damage. In case the person drinks alcohol on a regular base the liver becomes weaker and weaker from day to day. One other important physical sphere that is seriously damaged is the reproductive system of a human body. The reason of this type of dysfunction is that alcohol deprives the impulses that the nerves pass, and especially those that cause ability to erect, as for men. Women alcohol abuse it on of the first to be prevented as the fetus changes negatively and a lot of disabled children are born into to the world. Females metabolize alcohol very quickly and this is the primary cause of their necessity to abstain from alcohol. The fetus is already in high danger of obtaining FAS if the pregnant female consumes around 3 ounces of pure alcohol per day1[1]. Alcohol does not need to make much efforts to cross the placenta and therefore to enter the fetus s organism. Alcohol may cause spasm of placenta vessels and the umbilical cord. This leads to the oxygen starvation of the fetus. As the amount of zinc in the cells is rapidly reduced their growth and development is damaged. Through these effects alcohol causes changes called mutations in the DNA of the fetus cells. In its turn, the mutation of DNA in the fetus cells leads to pathologies of the development of different organs and tissues [6]. Alcohol also influences the person s ability to perceive sounds and the direction they are coming out from. The taste and smell are lost and the speech becomes unclear. As alcohol constantly burns the throat of the drinker in may result in severe pain, vomiting and even cancer. The body itself starts being very weak, the muscles suffer from atrophy, pain and spasms.

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3.b. Mental changes If a person constantly abuses alcohol it will eventually lead to a set of permanent transformations in the brain morphology. One of the most significant transformations concerns the reduction of the total amount of brain tissue and the growing size of the ventricles. The basic reason the body stops being able to produce brain tissue to cope with the chemical is because it lacks natural vitamins that a healthy body produces. Another reason because the body is deprived of vitamins is that alcohol abusers often experience a problem of systematic eating and do not consume food at the required time, making the body weak and unable to resist the alcohol effects. As the brain of a person under

alcohol dependency does not have enough vitamins it turns out to be the first step to the beginning of mental retardation. What happens to a person is that he completely losses the ability to control his behavior, his judgments become illogical and his ability to concentrate decreases tremendously. It is common fact that alcohol very often is a companion of crimes for the listed reason, as the inability to control the behavior results in extreme mood swings and emotional outbursts. Alcohol does not let the brain properly control the manifestations of the body, as the central nervous system becomes damaged through the depression of the nerve cells in the brain. The cells cannot respond to the impulses and a group of body function failures appear: anesthesia, respiratory failure, coma and death. As alcohol destroys the central nervous system the drinker experiences impaired visual abilities, loss of pain perception, slow reactions, impaired motor skills, altered perception of time and space and many others. 4. Conclusion The consumption of alcohol beverages has strongly entered the tradition of celebration any significant events in the life of people. Anybody can hardly imagine celebrating Christmas or a birthday without a gulp of champagne. Seemingly, there is nothing bad in that and nothing bad can happen after a gulp of champagne or a gulp during a routine social drinking . But the reality is cruel Therefore even small doses of alcohol can do harm to a the human body. Most people do not understand the consequences alcohol abuse can have of their health nevertheless the abuse occurs primarily because people do not know the destructive power of alcohol. The consequences of the alcohol abuse do not decrease with time, though specific manifestations change when doses of drinking become smaller. These factors prevent people from proper social adaptation and therefore make their life incomplete. Social impracticability of people suffering from the alcohol abuse is one of major problems of the contemporary medical society. And the only way to solve this problem is to prevent people from drinking alcohol in any amounts. There is no cure a better than alcohol abstention!