Explain the modes of heat transfer with examples.

Explain the mode/modes of heat transfer involved in cooling a cup of tea. Explain Fouriers law of heat conduction. Write the units of thermal conductivity. Write Newtons law of cooling. Write the units of heat transfer coefficient. Define heat transfer rate and heat transfer flux and give the units. Define thermal diffusivity. Write the analogous terms in momentum and mass transfer. Explain the significance of Biot number, Prandtl number, Reynolds number, Nusselt number, Graetz number, Peclet number, Grashof number, Stanton number. For forced convection in laminar flow, Nusselt number is a function of __________ dimensionless numbers. For natural convection , Nusselt number is a function of _________ dimensionless numbers. For forced convection in turbulent flow Nusselt number is a function of __________ dimensionless numbers. Explain the boiling curve. What is Leidenfrost point. What is transpiration cooling What is annealing Lumped analysis is applied to the cases where conductive resistance is, Very much greater than the convective resistance, much less than the convective resistance, equal to the convective resistance. What is the significance of heat transfer coefficient? Define black body, gray body, white body , opaque body, transparent body. Explain the laws of radiation What is view factor. How many view factors does a coaxial cylinder (the outer surface of the inner cylinder facing the inner surface of the outer cylinder) have? What are the different types of evaporators? Explain boiling point elevation. Explain single effect and the multiple effect evaporators Explain forward and backward feed evaporators. Which is more energy efficient, why? What is the thumb rule for the ratio of the thick liquor sent to the previous effect. When does a liquid boil. Define the capacity and the economy of the evaporators Explain mechanical and thermal recompression. Explain wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures. How does the water spread on the ground evaporates. How does water in the pot gets cooled.

Mode of heat transfer involved in drying the cloths What is entropy What is the second law of thermodynamics? What is isentropic process What is Joule Thomson effect What is Raoults law? What are the step to design a distillation column & what activity coefficient methods will be used? For the system having no experimental data, what model will be used? For exothermic reactions, which is the preferred operating temperature, low or high? What is Lechatlier principle? What is Thiele modulus? Can it be greater than 1? Explain pore diffusion models? What is point efficiency of a tray & can it be greater than 1? Reactor with jacket of condensing steam (const T), write the boundary conditions. Reactor with heating tape / coil (const heat flux), write the boundary conditions. What is the pump selection criteria? Material selection? What is the composition of SS316 and SS304? Valves selection procedure Gate, Globe, butterfly etc. Choosing the shell side and tube side for process and utility fluids, once the temperatures are known Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids, examples Procedure to calculate the power requirement of pump given the process conditions What is laminar flow? What is Reynolds number? How Reynolds number varies with the fluid velocity? On what parameters the Reynolds number depends upon? What is packed bed? Pressure drop in packed bed depends on parameters ---------------What equations are used to calculate the pressure drop in packed beds? How to calculate the fluid velocity in the packed bed? What is sphericity? How pressure drop varied with fluid velocity in packed beds? How friction factor varies with Reynolds number in packed bed? What is frictional factor? What is fluidization? What is incipient fluidization? What are the different types of fluidization? What is porosity?

How pressure drop varies with the fluid velocity in fluidized bed? What is superficial velocity? What are the forces acting on the float in Rotameter? What is equivalent length (Le) used in fitting pressure drop calculations? What is NPSH? What is cavitation? What is the relation between speed, head and flow of centrifugal pump? What is stokes law? Explain HagenPoiseuille equation What are different types of control valves? When do you use equal percentage valve and when do you use linear valve? What is P, PI, PD, and PID Controllers? What is the selection criterion? What are bode plots? Where are they used? What is damping coefficient? What are Ziegler-Nicholas settings? What is cascade control? What is ratio control? What is servo problem & explain. what is unit impulse and explain What is transportation lag? What is transfer function? What is modeling? What is Simulation? What is degrees of freedom? What is consistency?