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June 14
2011
TRUNKING IN TRANSMISSION SYSTEM & GRADE OF SERVICE
Section Roll no #
sectoring keeps R untouched and reduces the D/R, Capacity improvement is achieved by reducing the number of cells per cluster, thus increasing frequency reuse.
1
A cell is divided into zones with a single BS sharing the same radio equipment Zones are connected through coaxial cable, fiber optics or microwave links to the BS Superior to sectoring since antennas are placed at outer edges of the cells and any channel may be assigned to any zone by BS
As mobile travels from one zone to other, it retains same channel, BS simply switches the channel to a different zone.
Co-channel interference is minimized because: Large BS is replaced by several low powered TX Improves S/I
A given channel is active only in the particular zonein which the mobile is travelling, and the base station radiation is localized and interference is reduced. Particularly useful along highways or along urban traffic corridors.
Advantages: (iii) Yes, the microcell zone concept should be used in the cellular system as it is much superior to the other improvement techniques i.e.: cell splitting or sectoring etc.
Reduced Interference (Zone radius is small and directional antennas are used). No loss in trunking efficiency (all channels are used by all cells). No extra handoffs. Increase in capacity (since smaller cluster size can be used).
Illustration of extent of Capacity Increase by an example Suppose the desired S/I=18 dB with path loss exponent of n=4, For a system of N=7,a D/R of 4.6 was shown to achieve this. How much capacity increase can occur if we use Microcell Zoning of 3 zones/cell??? In zone microcell system, transmission at any instant is confined to one zone, Therefore z/R z=4.6. Each hexagon represents a zone and 3 hexagons represent a cell. Zone radius=One hexagon radius. Capacity of system related to distance between co-channel cells and notzones. Shown as D. Value of co channel reuse is 3, D/R = 3 corresponds to N=3 Reduction in cluster size from N=7to N=3
calculated based on the number of rejected calls between exchanges, then the Grade of Service is determined by the exchange-to-exchange blocking criteria. The Grade of Service should be calculated using both the access networks and the core networks as it is these networks that allow a user to complete an end-to-end connection. Furthermore, the Grade of Service should be calculated from the average of the busy hour traffic intensities of the 30 busiest traffic days of the year. This will cater for most scenarios as the traffic intensity will seldom exceed the reference level.
The grade of service is a measure of the ability of a user to access a trunk system during the busiest hour. The busy is based upon customer demand at the busiest hour during a week month or year All the telephony transmission systems like high fidelity transmissions and transmission capability for encrypted voice, data transmissions isgrade of service (GoS) requirements, which comprises aspects of a connection relating to capacity and coverage of a network, for example guaranteed maximum blocking probability and outage probability.
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