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UNIT 4NCERT :PLANT PHYSIOLOGY CHAPTER13:PHOTOSYNTHESISIN HIGHERPLANTS

DIRECTION Astatementof Assertion(A)isfollowedbyastatement ofReason(R). Readthetwostatementscarefullyand 6. selecttheanswersfromthecodesgivenbelow. Codes: 1. IfbothAssertion& Reasonaretrueandthereason 7. isthecorrectexplanationoftheassertion 2. Ifboth Assertion & Reason aretruebutthe reason is notthecorrectexplanationoftheassertion 3. IfAssertionistruestatementbutReason isfalse 4. IfbothAssertionandReasonarefalsestatements 1. Assertion:Thefirstphotosyntheticorganismsprobably evolvedabout3500mya,andusedhydrogenorH S. 2 Reason:PSIwasnotevolvedtouseH O. 2 2. Assertion :Cyanobacteria appeared around3000 mya anddrasticallychangedtheEarth. Reason : They began to use both PS1 and PSII both simultaneouslyandseparately. 3. Assertion : The new oxygenated atmosphere allowed theevolutionofcomplexlife. Reason: ChloroplastwasevolvedinCyanobacteriawhich led to formation of symbiotic relationships for better adaptability. 11. 4. Assertion : Photosynthetic organisms are able to synthesize food directly from CO using energy from 2 light. 10. 9. 8. 5.

Reason: Allorganismsthatuselightasasourceofenergy carry out photosynthesis. Assertion : All anoxygenic phototrophs are obligate anaerobes. Reason : In anoxygenic photosynthesis light energy is captured and stored asATP without the production of oxygen. Assertion : Photosynthesis needs to supply a source of energyonlytodrivecarbonfixationprocess. Reason:Carbonfixationisaredoxreaction. Assertion : Photosynthesis is opposite to cellular respiration. Reason : Oxygen released from photosynthesis is internallyutilizedbymitochondria. Assertion : Neil concluded that CO and H O do not 2 2 combine directly during photosynthesis. Reason:Photosynthesisisalightdrivedredoxreaction inwhichlightenergyreducesCO andoxygenreleased. 2 Assertion : Both photosynthetic prokaryotes and eukaryoteshavetheflattenedsacsorvesiclescontaining photosynthetic chemical. Reason : The chloroplast is the structural unit of photosynthesis. Assertion: Eachchlorophyllisassociatedwithanelectron acceptor and an electron donor. These three molecules make up the core of photosystem. Reason : Photoexcitation leads to photoionization of thechlorophyll molecule. Assertion:TheoxidizedChlorophyllmoleculereturns toitsnormalstateafterreleasingheatandenergy. Reason: Ittakesapairofelectronsfromtheneighbouring electron acceptor.
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Assertion : Key to the Z scheme [electron transfer 22. process] is ATP to be made from ADP and phosphate[photophosphorylation]. Reason : Sufficient energy is released during electron 23. transfertophosphorylateADPandreleaseH2O.

Assertion: CyclicreactiondoesnotproduceNADPH. Reason:RegenerationofRuBPrequiresATPonly. Assertion: Thebiosyntheticphaseofphotosynthesisis aptlycalleddarkreaction. Reason : It is not dependent on the products of light reactionandcontinueanylonginnight.

13.

Assertion : H+ ions are more concentrated in stroma thaninthylakoidcompartmenttodrivetheproductionof ATP. Reason:Anelectrochemicalgradientiscreated.

24.

Assertion: Rubiscoisthemostabundantenzyme. Reason:Largeamounts arepresentbecauseitsaslow enzyme. Assertion: Photorespirationiswasteful. Reason:OrganiccarbonisconvertedintoCO without 2 theproduction ofATP,NADPH,oranotherenergyrich metabolite. Assertion: Bothsucroseandstarcharesynthesizedand stored in chloroplasts. Reason:Starchlikeitsanimalcounterpartglycogen,is apolymerofglucoseresidueandmustbetransportedto cytosol for synthesis.

14.

Assertion : CO2 from the atmosphere is captured and modified by the addition of hydrogen to form 25. carbohydrates. Reason : Living system cannot directly utilize light energy.

15.

Assertion: Theproteins[quantasomes]thatgatherlight 26. for photosynthesis are embedded withinthe stroma. Reason:Stromahasthelightharvestingcentre.

16.

Assertion: Atypicalplantcellcontainsabout10to100 chloroplasts. Reason:Numberisincreasedbybinaryfission. 27.

Assertion: IntheCalvincycleofallphotosyntheticplant CO fixedtwice. 2 Reason:PEPCOhasgreateraffinityforCO andalso 2 theabilitytohelpthelessefficientenzyme. Assertion: BothcarboxylatingenzymesRUBISCOand PEPCOuse sameformofCO as substrate. 2 Reason:BothusesatmosphericCO . 2 Assertion:InC4plantsPEPCOinsteadofRUBISCOis usedinCalvincycle. Reason:O isaverypoorsubstrateforthisenzyme. 2 Assertion: Thelightcompensationpointisreachedduring earlymorningsandlateevenings. Reason : At this point a plant's consumption is more thanbuildingbiomass. Assertion:TheC4pathwaybearsresemblancetoCAM. Reason: BothacttoconcentrateCO aroundRuBisCO. 2 Assertion: Thereisalinearrelationshipbetweenincident light [irradiance] and CO fixation rate at low light 2 intensities. Reason: AthighincidencerateofCarbonassimilation reachesaplateau.

17.

Assertion: Thechloroplastmembranelikemitochondria membrane is composed of a phospholipid inner and an outer membrane. Reason: Theinnermembraneisthesiteofphotosynthesis. 28.

18.

Assertion: Amongchlorophylls,chlorophyllaactsthe primary pigment [reaction centre]. Reason :It ispresent inall photosyntheticorganisms, 29. wherethe primarypigmentisBacteriochlorophyll.

19.

Assertion:Aselectronsmovethroughthephotosystems, protonsaretransportedacrossthemembrane.[Hcarrier 30. inplaceofelectroncarriersisused] Reason : Protons along with electrons are necessary + forthereductionofNADP+toNADPH+H .

20.

Assertion : All cells inthe green parts ofa plant have 31. chloroplasts, but most of the energy is captured in the leaves. Reason : Leaf has a waterresistant waxy cuticle and 32. thetransparentepidermislayer.

21.

Assertion: IncalvincycleATP:NADPHratiooverallin sixroundsis18:12.MoreATPisrequiredthanNADPH. Reason:CarbonfixationphaserequiresmoreATPthan NADPH.

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