Animals - Invertebrates Part 2 Study Guide 1. What five things do all echinoderms have in common?

Internal skeleton w/ ossicles Water vascular system Complete digestive system Regenerate limbs 2. What type of skeleton do echinoderms have and what is it made of? Internal; interlocking ossicles w/ catch connective tissue 3. What is a water vascular system and what are its functions? Tubules filled with water controls tube feet for hunting 4. Describe how sea stars feed. Grab a clam and pry it open with tube feet; push stomach out to eat it 5. List the 5 classes of echinoderms and the characteristics of each. i. Crinoidea- feather stars and sea lilies; filter feeders ii. Astroidea- sea stars; use tube feet to eat; carnivores, opportunistic iii. Opiurodea- brittle stars and basket stars; scavengers and predators iv. Echinoidea- sea urchins, sand dollars and sea biscuits; use spines to catch algae v. Holothuroidea- sea cucumbers; only echinoderm with no radial symmetr 6. List the animals that belong to the following classes: i. Crinoidea: sea lilies and feather stars ii. Asteriodea: sea stars iii. Ophiurodea: brittle stars and basket stars iv. Echinoidea: sea urchins, sand dollars and sea biscuits v. Holothuroidea: sea cucumbers 7. What three features are shared by all arthropods? Exoskeleton, jointed appendages and segmented body parts 8. What is the exoskeleton made of? Chitin 9. List the 5 groups of arthropods and the characteristics of each. i. Trilobites; extinct bottom feeders ii. Crustaceans; crabs, lobsters, roly polys; include decapods, isopods iii. Chelicerates; have fangs; arachnids, sea spiders and horshoe crabs iv. Insects; 6 legs, antenna, compound eyes v. Myriapods; poisonous fangs; centa and milipedes 10. List all the animal examples given for the following groups: i. Trilobites: trilobites ii. Crustaceans: crabs, roly polys, lobsters and barnacles iii. Chelicerates: spiders iv. Insects: bugs v. Myriapods: centa and milipedes 11. What must arthropods do to grow? Molt 12. Label the parts of the crustacean and describe the function of each:

Swimmerets- swim Walking legs- walking Claw- hunting Abdomen-covers side of body Cephalothorax- head 13. What are mandibles? Specialized feeding mouths for chewing 14. Name and describe the four adaptations that arachnids have to reduce water loss: i. Cuticle-waterproof ii. Spiracles- Pass O2 iii. Malphigian Tubules- excretory system iv. Book Lungs- Increase surface area 15. What is the difference between incomplete metamorphosis and complete metamorphosis? Incomplete the insect looks the same 16. What are the three steps in incomplete metamorphosis? Egg, nymph, adult 17. What are the four steps in complete metamorphosis? Egg, larva, pupa, adult 18. What are the only four groups of animals to achieve true flight? Pterosaurus , bats, birds, insects