ConcreteShearWall Concrete Shear Wall

ELEMENTS OF WALL DESIGN

PERATURAN PENDUKUNG 97 UBC AND 2002 ACI REQUIREMENTS FOR WALL DESIGN WITH EMPHASIS ON SPECIAL CONCRETE SHEAR WALL DAFTAR ISI DEFINITION WALL REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS SHEAR DESIGN FLEXURAL AND AXIAL LOAD DESIGN BOUNDARY ZONE DETERMINATION SIMPLIFIED APPROACH RIGOROUS APPROACH BOUNDARY ZONE DETAILING

Concrete Shear Wall

DEFINITION
SHEARWALLadalah elemen structuralyangdigunakan untuk y g g menahan gaya lateral/horizontal/shearforcesyg sejajar bidang dinding : SLENDERWALLSdiperuntukan bendingdeformationyang dominantkarena slenderwallsberperilaku sbg cantilever p g action SQUAT/SHORTWALLSdiperuntukan sheardeformationyang dominantkarena SQUAT/SHORT ll b d i t k SQUAT/SHORTwallsberperilaku sbg t il k b truss (rangka batang)

WALLREINFORCEMENT WALL REINFORCEMENT

MINIMUMTWOCURTAINSOFWALLREINFORCEMENTSHALLBEPROVIDEDIF Vu>2Acv(f'c)1/2 [0.166Acv(f'c)1/2 ] ORTHICKNESS>10INCHES[25cm]
Lw 2 LAYERS IF T> 10" OR Vu > CONCRETE SHEAR CAPACITY
T

REINF > 0.25% OF GROSS AREA UNLESS Vu < 1/2 CONCRETE CAPACITY

Hw

Av > Ah FOR Hw/Lw 2 0 H /L < 2.0

SPACING < 18"

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WALLREINFORCEMENT WALL REINFORCEMENT

WALLMINIMUMREINFORCEMENTRATIO(
v

or

h)

0.0025

EXCEPTIONFOR Vu<Acv(fc)1/2 [0.083Acv(fc)1/2 ] a.MINIMUMVERTICALREINFORCEMENTRATIO v =0.0012FORBARSNOTLARGERTHAN#5[ 16mm] =0.0015FOROTHERDEFORMEDBARS 0 0015 FOR OTHER DEFORMED BARS =0.0012FORWELDEDWIREFABRICNOTLARGERTHANW31ORD31[ 16mm] b.MINIMUMHORIZONTALREINFORCEMENTRATIO h =0.0020FORBARSNOTLARGERTHAN#5[ 16mm] =0.0025FOROTHERDEFORMEDBARS =0.0020FORWELDEDWIREFABRICNOTLARGERTHANW31ORD31[ 16mm]

Concrete Shear Wall

SHEAR DESIGN
Vn>Vu

A.SHEARDEMAND A SHEAR DEMAND

FACTOREDSHEARFORCE/SHEARDEMAND Vu=1.2V f1 V V 1 2 VD +f1VL + VE =0.9VD + VE f1=1.0FOR100PSF[500KG/M2] LIVELOADANDGREATER LIVE LOAD AND GREATER f1=0.5OTHERWISE.

Concrete Shear Wall

SHEAR DESIGN
B. SHEAR STRENGTH
NOMINALSHEARSTRENGTH Vn=Acv[2(fc)1/2 + nfy] Acv[0.166(f c) / + Acv [0 166(fc)1/2 + nfy] FORSQUATWALLSWITHHw/Lw<2.0 Vn=Acv[ac(fc)1/2+ nfy] Acv[0.083ac(fc)1/2+ nfy]
Hw Lw

SEGMENT 1

SEGMENT 2

WHEREacVARIESLINEARLYFROM2.0FORHw/Lw=2.0TO3.0FORHw/Lw=1.5 Hw/LwSHALLBETAKENASTHELARGESTRATIOFORENTIREWALLORSEGMENTOFWALL Hw/Lw SHALL BE TAKEN AS THE LARGEST RATIO FOR ENTIRE WALL OR SEGMENT OF WALL

Concrete Shear Wall

SHEAR DESIGN
MAXIMUMNOMINALSHEARSTRENGTH MAXIMUM NOMINAL SHEAR STRENGTH MAXVn=Acv[10(fc)1/2] Acv[0.83(fc)1/2] STRENGTHREDUCTIONFACTORFORWALLSTHATWILLFAILINSHEARINSTEADOFBENDING =0.6

OTHERWISE =0.85 =0.6

Concrete Shear Wall

FLEXURALANDAXIALLOADDESIGN FLEXURAL AND AXIAL LOAD DESIGN

A.GENERAL
NONEEDTOAPPLYMOMENTMAGNIFICATIONDUETOSLENDERNESS NO NEED TO APPLY MOMENT MAGNIFICATION DUE TO SLENDERNESS NONLINEARSTRAINREQUIREMENTFORDEEPBEAMDOESNTAPPLY STRENGTHREDUCTIONFACTORS0.70 EXCEPTIONFORWALLSWITHLOWCOMPRESSIVELOAD =0.70 FOR g Pn=0.1fcAgOR Pb TO =0.90 FOR Pn=ZEROORTENSION P ZERO OR TENSION

Concrete Shear Wall

FLEXURALANDAXIALLOADDESIGN FLEXURAL AND AXIAL LOAD DESIGN

THEEFFECTIVEFLANGEWIDTHFORI,L,C,ORTSHAPEDWALLS a.1/2XDISTANCETOADJACENTSHEARWALLWEB b.15%OFTOTALWALLHEIGHTFORCOMP.FLANGE(25%PERACI) b 15 % OF TOTAL WALL HEIGHT FOR COMP FLANGE ( 25 % PER ACI) c.30%OFTOTALWALLHEIGHTFORTENSIONFLANGE(25%PERACI)

Concrete Shear Wall

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WALLSWITHHIGHAXIALLOADSHALLNOTBEUSEDASLATERALRESISTINGELEMENTSFOR EARTHQUAKEFORCEIF Pu>0.35Po WHERE Po=0.8 [0.85fc'(Ag Ast)+fyAst]

FLEXURALANDAXIALLOAD DESIGN

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B.1BOUNDARYZONEDETERMINATION SIMPLIFIEDAPPROACH B 1 BOUNDARY ZONE DETERMINATION SIMPLIFIED APPROACH

BOUNDARYZONEDETAILINGISNOTREQUIREDIF PER UBC: a.Pu<=0.10AgfcFORSYMMETRICALWALL Pu<=0.05AgfcFORUNSYMMETRICALWALL P < 0 05A f FOR UNSYMMETRICAL WALL

ANDEITHER b.Mu/(VuLw)<=1.0(SHORT/SQUATWALLOR Hw/Lw<1.0FORONESTORYWALL) OR c.Vu<=3Acv(f c) [0.25Acv(f c) c Vu <= 3 Acv (fc)1/2 [0 25 Acv (fc)1/2 ] AND Mu/(VuLw)<=3.0 Mu/(VuLw) < = 3 0 PERACI: THEFACTOREDAXIALSTRESSONLINEARELASTICGROSSSECTION<0.2fc

Concrete Shear Wall

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B.1 BOUNDARY ZONE DETERMINATION - SIMPLIFIED APPROACH

IFREQUIRED,BOUNDARYZONESATEACHENDOFTHEWALLSHALLBEPROVIDEDALONG 0.25LwFORPu=0.35Po 0.15LwFORPu=0.15Po

WITHLINEARINTERPOLATIONFORPuBETWEEN0.15PoAND0.35Po MINIMUMBOUNDARYZONELENGTH:0.15Lw

Lw LBZ > 0 15 Lw 0.15

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B.2BOUNDARYZONEDETERMINATION RIGOROUSAPPROACH
BOUNDARYZONEDETAILINGISNOTREQUIREDIFMAX.COMPRESSIVESTRAINATWALL EDGES: max<0.003
THEDISPLACEMENTANDTHESTRAINSHALLBEBASEDONCRACKEDSECTIONPROPERTIES, UNREDUCEDEARTHQUAKEGROUNDMOTIONANDNONLINEARBEHAVIOROFTHEBUILDING. BOUNDARYZONEDETAILSHALLBEPROVIDEDOVERTHEPORTIONOFWALLWITHCOMPRESSIVE STRAIN>0.003.

TENSION

COMPRESSION C'u

LENGTH OF BOUNDARY MEMBER

Lw

Concrete Shear Wall

= C'u u t

0.003

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B.2 BOUNDARY ZONE DETERMINATION RIGOROUS APPROACH

THE MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRAIN
max

= 0.015

PER ACI, BOUNDARY ZONE DETAILING IS NOT REQUIRED IF THE LENGTH OF COMP. BLOCK Q

C< Lw/[600*(u/Hw)] (u/Hw) SHALL NOT BE TAKEN < 0.007 IF REQUIRED, THE BOUNDARY ZONE LENGTH SHALL BE TAKEN AS Lbz > C - 0.1 Lw AND > C/2

Concrete Shear Wall

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C.APPROXIMATECOMPRESSIVESTRAINFOR C APPROXIMATE COMPRESSIVE STRAIN FOR PRISMATICWALLSYIELDINGATTHEBASE

DETERMINEe:ELASTICDESIGNDISPLACEMENTATTHETOPOFWALLDUETOCODESEISMICFORCES BASEDONGROSSSECTIONPROPERTIES

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C. APPROXIMATE COMPRESSIVE STRAIN

CALCULATEYIELDDEFLECTIONATTHETOPOFWALLCORRESPONDINGTOACOMPRESSIVESTRAINOF 0.003 y=(Mn /Me)e y = (Mn'/Me)e MeISMOMENTDUETOCODESEISMICFORCES

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C. APPROXIMATE COMPRESSIVE STRAIN

Mn'ISNOMINALFLEXURALSTRENGTHAT Pu=1.2PD +0.5PL +PE DETERMINETOTALDEFLECTIONATTHETOPOFWALL t=m=0.7R(2E)BASEDONGROSSSECTION OR t=m=0.7RS BASEDONCRACKEDSECTION WHERERISDUCTILITYCOEFFICIENTRANGESFROM4.5TO8.5PERUBCTABLE16N. INELASTICWALLDEFLECTION i t i =t y ROTATIONATTHEPLASTICHINGE Qi =

Lp=i/(Hw Lp/2)

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C. APPROXIMATE COMPRESSIVE STRAIN

DETERMINETOTALCURVATUREDEMANDATTHEPLASTICHINGE t = i + y t =i/[Lp(Hw Lp/2)]+ y WALLCURVATUREATYIELDORATMnCANBETAKENAS y =0.003/Lw THEPLASTICHINGELENGTH Lp=Lw/2 THECOMPRESSIVESTRAINALONGCOMPRESSIVEBLOCKINTHEWALLMAYBEASSUMEDVARY LINEARLYOVERTHEDEPTHCu'WITHAMAXIMUMVALUEEQUALTO =(Cu X cmax = (Cu'X t) THECOMPRESSIVEBLOCKLENGTHCuCANBEDETERMINEDUSINGSTRAINCOMPATIBILITYAND REINFORCEDCONCRETESECTIONANALYSIS.

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D.BOUNDARYZONEDETAILS D BOUNDARY ZONE DETAILS

DIMENSIONALREQUIREMENTS
EXTEND 12" INTO WEB FOR I,L,C,T WALLS

2ND FL T Vertic cal Extent of Vert. Bar

Ec =0.003

BZ

>lu/16

GROUND Fl

Boun nd. Reinf.

1ST FL HBZ > Lw B

L Lu

Vu > Mu/4V

LBZ >18" (46cm)

Lw L

FORL,C,I,ORTSHAPEDWALL,THEBOUNDARYZONESHALLINCLUDETHEEFFECTIVEFLANGEAND SHALLEXTENDATLEAST12INCHES[30CM] INTOTHEWEB

Concrete Shear Wall

Ld of

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D. BOUNDARY ZONE DETAILS

CONFINEMENTREINFORCEMENT
LBZ h c for longitudinal direction Alternate Vertical Bars Shall Be Confined 6 db (> 3 in ) (>75 mm)
Consecutive crossties engaging the same longitudinal bar shall have their 90-deg hooks on opposite sides of column

Notes: 1. Per UBC: 'x' or 'y' < 12 inches (30 cm) Per - ACI ' hx' < 14 inches (35 cm) 2. Hoop dimensional ratio (3x/2y) or (2y/3x) <3 3. Adjacent hoops shall be overlapping 4. Per ACI: Sv < Tbz / 4 Sv < 4 +[(14-hx)/3] in inches
< 10 + [(35-hx)/3] in cm

6 db extension hc for tran dir. ns.

x / hx

x As > 0.005 LBZ TBZ with minimum 4 -# 5(DIA 16 mm)

Minimum Hoops/Ties Area : Ash = 0.09 s hc fc'/fyh with vertical spacing Sv < 6"(15 cm) or 6xDIA of vertical bars

Concrete Shear Wall

TBZ

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D. BOUNDARY ZONE DETAILS OU O S

REINFORCEMENTINSIDEBOUNDARYZONE

NOWELDEDSPLICEWITHINTHEPLASTICHINGEREGION MECHANICALCONNECTORSTRENGTH>160%OFBARYIELDSTRENGTH

OR95%Fu

Concrete Shear Wall

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STRAINCOMPATIBILITYANALYSISFOR STRAIN COMPATIBILITY ANALYSIS FOR ESTIMATINGMn andCu

STRAINDISTRIBUTIONAT
si> si< y y cy

=0.003

:Tsi=Asfy :Tsi=AsfsWHEREfs=Es
s TENSION

COMPRESSION C'u

S2

S3

S4

S5

S1

CONCRETE STRAIN

Concrete Shear Wall

S6

S7

STEEL STRAIN

c=0.00 03
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STRAIN COMPATIBILITY ANALYSIS

FORCEEQUILIBRIUM Pu+ Tsi+ Csi+Cc=0 WHEREPu=1.2D+0.5L+EANDCc=0.85fcBCu MOMENTEQUILIBRIUM Mn= TsiXesi + CsiXesi +Ccec SOLVEFORCuTHATSATISFIESTHEABOVEEQUILIBRIUM.

Center Line

TENSION

COMPRESSION B C'u Cc 0.85 f'c CONCRETE STRESS Cs s7

STEEL FORCES

Pu

TS2

TS3

TS4

TS5

TS1

Lw

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FORCES ACTING ON WALL SECTION

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CS6

SUMMARY
TWOAPPROACHESTODETERMINETHEBOUNDARYZONE THESIMPLIFIEDAPPROACHISBASEDONTHEAXIALFORCE,BENDINGAND SHEARORFACTOREDAXIALSTRESSESINTHEWALL SHEAR OR FACTORED AXIAL STRESSES IN THE WALL THERIGOROUSAPPROACHINVOLVESDISPLACEMENTANDSTRAIN CALCULATIONS ACI/I C QUATIONS AR SIMP R THAN U C QUATIONS ACI/IBCEQUATIONSARESIMPLERTHANUBCEQUATIONS COMPUTERAIDEDCALCULATIONSAREREQUIREDFORTHERIGOROUS APPROACH SHEARWALLDESIGNSPREADSHEET WWW.RCWALLPRO.COM .RCWALLPRO.COM

Concrete Shear Wall

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Concrete Shear Wall

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