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Impacts
Urban Expansion p
Kuala Lumpur 1989-2002
Built up area doubled - 385 to 805 sq km Population increase - 2.7 to 5 million Density decrease - 7,130 to 6,160 per sq km
1989
2001
North Africa
Latin Am erica
Southeast Asia
E Asia
MotorizationI Index(V/1000P)
T TotalVehicles( (inmillions)
350 300
600
100
2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 ( j ) ASEAN(MajorCountries)
PRC China
INDIA
OECDNorthAmerica
OECDEurope p
OECDPacific
Motorization Index
450 450 800 800 400 700 700
350
600
300
500
250
400
200
100 100
50 50
100 100
0 0
0 0
2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 2005 2008 2015 2025 2035 ASEAN(MajorCountries) ASEAN(MajorCountries)
PRC China
INDIA
OECDNorthAmerica
OECDEurope
OECDPacific OECDPacific
TotalVehicles(inmillions)(LeftAxis) TotalVehicles(inmillions)(LeftAxis)
MotorizationIndex(V/1000P)(RightAxis) MotorizationIndex(V/1000P)(RightAxis)
Road to Nowhere
Beijing, 2010 j g,
and tomorrow!
THE SOLUTIONS
Avoid
Shift
Improve
Avoid the Need for Travel: Transport and L d U I T d Land Use Integration i
Understand the direct relationship between land use and the need to travel:
Improve the access to goods and service while minimizing the need to travel Village concept of high density urban planning within mega cities Linking these villages with efficient public PP P transport P
P T T P P T T T T T T
P P P P P
Shift Travel Patterns: Public Transport NMT and Private Transport, Vehicle Use
P bli transport systems th t provide d Public t t t that id door-to-door t d solutions Safe, secure and user-friendly high quality public user friendly mass-transport Pedestrian zones and walkways Segregated cycle paths Park-and-ride car and bike parks Market instruments that charge full cost and cost of externalities to private motorized transport
vehicle registration, parking, congestion pricing (ERP) g ,p g, g p g( )
Shift
Shift from private vehicles to NMT and public transport Clean up existing vehicles and fuels
Improve
Transport Co-Benefits p
Pollution Improve - reduce emissions per kilometer Technology/ vehicle change Behavioral change (Fleet mng, driver training) Fuel-switch (CNG, LPG Fuel switch (CNG LPG, biofuels) Shift - reduce emissions per unit transported Passenger transport: Mode switch Usage of larger units p p Improved occupation rates Freight transport Avoid - reduce number of trips Land-use Behavioral change TDM/TOD +++ ++ +++ +++ ++ ++ +++ + ++ ++ ++ + ++ ++ +++ ++ ++ ++ +++ ++ ++ ++ + ? ? + ? CO2 Congestion
Our Sustainable Transport Initiative will make more cities more people-friendly and advance people friendly climate change mitigation objectives.
Haruhiko Kuroda President, Asian Development Bank P id t A i D l tB k 2009 Delhi Sustainable Development Summit
Thank you