‘a sample of n pairs drawn from a bivariate ion co-efficient is r. If we want to Suppose for population the observed correlati null hy pothesis that there is no cor in the following way Hp : @=0 (Population correlation co-efficient is zero) Hy: 940. D.f of risn-2 From the given data the value of fis computed and it is compared) e table value of f on appropriate degrees of freedom and at a required} lof significance. If Hp is rejected we conclude that the correlation i Table val epted the population memt ta Lab * Hy may be rejected i.e. the correlation in the population is significant. Ilustration 14 : The sample correlation co-efficient for observations is 0.2. Is this suggest the significant correl population ?imple Tests m a oe eal 0.2 x 4,243 0.98 =n-2=18 value of ton 18 d.f. and at $% level of significance = 2.10 hab Hy may be accepted. © the population members are uncorrected. illustration 15 : How many pairs of observations should be taken so shat for observed correlation co-efficient 0.44 the value of t becomes 2.58 2.58 = 2.58 0.44 Jn-2 a i= (0.447 _ 0.44 n=? ee 0.898, oe 2.58x 0.898 , n—2 = gee yn=2 25.27 “n=2 5907 f Sn=297 n= 30 approximately gy ieFor testing the hypothesis that the population correlation co | zero we can apply f test. The situations in which we may be the hypothesis in which y 0 (any other value). f test cannot be us proved that the distribution of ris far from normal but if ris trang a new variable Z by > ' a? foal 4 b= 7 Lose For testing a specified value of ¢, Z transformation can be us 3 To test whether an observed value of r differs signifi a pothetical value @ of the population correlation co-eff = H ; Population correlation coefficient is ¢. sm ie l+r ltr ope aes eee: Be 7, = 1.1513 Logio Tay Now, 1+Q = 1.1513 Logio 7g Ze S Eo z becomes standard normal variate, say U. is calculated from the given data and it is compared with the of Z at a required level of significance. The acceptance or the null hypothesis is then taken. : @H Ilustration 16 : A sample of size 9 from a bivariate norn gave r = 0.5. Test the hypothesis that population correlatio a is 0.7. R Ans. : Hy: 9. = 0.7 Tg Z =1.1513 Logo = fiee sample Tests m 1.1513 Logis +0. 1.1513 Logig3 1.1513 0.4771) 0.5493 +9 1 1.1513 L ae +0.7 1-07 = oe Lost 1.1513 (0.7533) = 0.8673 1 1 SE. of 2 = Ti geen 04032 Iz-e S.E. of Z _ 10.5493 — 0.86731 0.4082 = 0.779 < 1.96 <. At 5% level of significance Hy may be accepted. i.e. population coefficient of correlation 9 = 0.7 may be accepted. Illustration 17 : The sample correlation co-efficient obtained from 27 pairs is 0.32. Test the hypothesis. ()8=0 G)Q=05 (i) Hy: 8=0 a2 rn 2+ 20:32 e160 f - (327 ror a -25 25, tos = 2.06 f “Neat < hab = ‘a er ted. nie. 9 = 0 mye Pl 1 1513 Logy poet Now, U = (il) Hy 9=0.5= Business ¢ \ Sample 140.32 1 = 11513 Logyo 7 on SE = LISTS Logyy 1.9412 rhe value LASTS (0.2880) juired le = 0.33 tion of t 14g sMustrati § = 1.1513 Logi 1-8 independent respectively. 14.5 St = 1.1513 Logie 7g a = 0.55 Zz, = F- ra 1 SE of Z= [y= Tayry = 0.2041 = Iz-8 =11 ~ S.E.of Z 10.35 -0.551 ~~ 0.2041 = 1.08 < 1.96 =H At 5% level of significance Hy may be accepted i.e. Q = accepted. To test the significance of the difference between two in sample correlation co-efficients % Suppose r; and r, are the correlation co-efficients obtais independent random samples of sizes n, and ny, In order to test the hypothesis that the sample correlation: not differ significantly or the population correlation or the samples come from the same bivariate population, ‘transformation in the following way, Hy: 9, = % I+ 1 %=11513 Logi j=, amd 2; = L1513 Log yas U saa Cs “it 10.6 £0 | S.E. of Z, - Z, = ; 4 : * halo! #.\2.tae = ty ats A as acoss Stati “* Statistigg on 18 = Thy random samples of see gg ictent obtained from two Is the difference sig, and 19 are 0.55 and 0.75 g nificant 2 1 = & Ley 1.1513 Logig =e 1+0.55 1513 Logig ——— 1-055 1.1513 Logi 3.444 = 1.1513 (0.5371) = 0.6184 1+, = 1.1513 Logie T= L+0.75 = 1.1513 Logie Togag =05 1513 Logyy 7 a 1513 (0.8451) ndepen = 0.9730 Tacal ed fro S.E.of Z;-Z= m-3 m3 iz = 28-3 19-3 = 40.1025 = 0,3202 vata E. of Z;-Zy ~ 10.6184 ~ 0.97301 0.3202 as S111 < 1,96insignificant ———_—_— EXERCISE - What is Fi A bivariate sample of 27 pairs gave r = 0.5. Is there gi The difference between two sample correlation ¢o you apply 1 test for testing the hyp Lation members are uncorrelated. ’ transformation. Explain its use in t n observed correlation co-efficient and hyp n how wi Introduction Variance Ratio difference betws value of the population correlation co-efficient. correlation in the population ? [Ans, 4. The sample correlation co-efficients of bivariate sample of 12 are respectively 0.87 and 0.56. Test the significa ; difference between the two values. sult obtained m [Ans. : Z, = 1.33, 2. = cessary to test, 5. The sample correlation co-efficient of 27 pairs or observ: Snedecore’s F tes Test the hypothesis of the population (i) Hy: 9 = 0 (ii) Ho: 9=0.6 3? [Ans. : (i) = 11.54, (ii) Z .45, & = 0.69, F-7 The sample correlation co-efficient obtained from 28 test the hypothesis (i) 9=0 Gi) Q= 0.5 [Ans, : (i) ¢= 2.22 (ii) Z = 0.42, § = 0.5: The correlation co-efficient obtained from 19 pairs of 0.65. Test the hypothesis that population correlation © 0.4. [Ans. : Z = 0.775, § = 0.42 ‘The following information is obtained from two bivat Sample I Size ny = 19 r= 0.50 Sample II Size nz = 28 r= 0.65 Is there a significant difference in the two co-effici