LAMPIRAN C

EXPERIMENTS FOR TEACHING SCIENCE FOR LOWER PRIMARY III (HBSC2203)

JANUARY SEMESTER 2011

EXPERIMENT 1 Aim: Melting point of naphthalene Materials and apparatus: Test tube, clamp, naphthalene (moth balls) thermometer,

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Procedure:1. Fill a large test-tube T with naphthalene (moth-balls). 2. Support the test-tube in a clamp and stand and heat it in a large beaker of water until all the solid has melted. 3. Place the thermometer inside the liquid obtained. 4. Remove the test-tube from water by raising it out with stand, and then leave the liquid cool in the air on its own (Figure 1b). Observe the temperature as it falls every 30s. At some time the temperature will become constant and then it will fall again. Stop timing shortly after the temperature falls again. 5. Plot graph temperature against time. 6. Record your result for the melting-point. Note also the shape of the surface of the solid naphthalene.

EXPERIMENT 3 Aim: Calorific value of candle Materials and apparatus: Candle and cork base, metal can or calorimeter; lever balance or spring balance; measuring cylinder; thermometer 0-100oC. Procedure:1. Weigh the candle and base. 2. Fill the can with 100cm3 or 100g of water and take its initial temperature.

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3. Support the can from a clamp with thread, place the candle below it and light the candle. 4. When the temperature rise is 30oC or other convenient value, remove the candle, stir the water, and note its final temperature. 5. Reweigh the candle and base. Measurements 6. Initial mass of candle + base = ____g Final mass of candle + base = _____g Mass of water used =_____g Initial temperature =_____oC Final temperature =_____oC Calculations Mass of candle used =____g Heat supplied = mass of water x temperature rise x 4.2 =___J Thus, heat per g of candle = ___J/g

EXPERIMENT 4 Aim: Conductors and insulators Materials and apparatus: A small electric light bulb L, 2.5V, 0.3A and holder with a 2V accumulator B (or 1.25V, 0.3A bulb and 1V dry battery); crocodile clips X and Y if available; connecting wire (see figure 3). Procedures: 1. Arrange the circuit shown-start from the positive pole of the battery and work round to negative pole.

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2. Place X and Y in contact- the bulb should light. If not, recheck the circuit for faulty connection. 3. Connect X and Y across various materials. For example, if the bulb L glows brightly, this is good conductor and etc. 4. Tabulate the results for different materials, and do you think all the metals are good conductors? Is air normally a conductor or an insulator?

EXPERIMENT 5 Aim: Investigation of principle of floatation Materials and apparatus: spring balance Procedures: 1. Tie thread round the neck of the test-tube A and leave a loop so it can be hung from a spring balance. Test-tube; measuring cylinder; lead shot;

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2. Half fill a measuring cylinder B with water to a level corresponding to one of the graduations on the cylinder. Record the reading. Place the test-tube inside and then add sufficient lead shot to make it float upright and away from the sides. 3. Take the reading again. 4. Hook the test-tube and lead shot on to the spring balance, dry the test-tube and weigh again. Measurements Initial reading n cylinder = ___cm3 Final reading (cm3) Weight of tube + shot (N) Weight of liquid displaced(N)

Calculate the volume displaced in cm3 from the two readings. Since the density of water is 1g/cm3, the weight of water displaced is now known. Compare this with the measured weight of test-tube and lead shot. What is your conclusion?