EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION (PHILIPPINES) The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in the Philippines began in July 1979.

And, in 1986, made a response to the Universal Child Immunization goal. The four major strategies include:[1] S ustaining high routine Full Immunized Child (FIC)coverage of at least 90% in all provinces and cities, S ustaining the polio free country for global certification Eliminating measles by 2008, Eliminating neonatal tetanus by 2008 Routine Schedule of Immunization Every Wednesday is designated as immunization day and health stations, quarterly in remote areas of the country. Routine Immunization Schedule for Infants The standard routine immunization schedule for infants in v accine preventable diseases in the Countr y before the child's f irst birthday. The fully immunized child must have completed BCG 1, DPT 1,D P T 2, DPT 3, OPV 1, OPV 2, OPV 3, HB 1, HB 2, HB 3 and Measles vaccines before the child is 12 months of age[2] the Philippines is adopted to p rovide maximum immunity against the seven is a dopted in all parts of the country. Immunization is done monthly in barangay

VACCIN ES/ CONTEN T

DOSA SCH GE ED

ROU TE

SITE

NO. OF TIME S

STO CK DOS E

WASTA GE %

AMPUL E/ VIAL

LIFES PAN

FREE ZE/ BODY

COLOR OF AMP.

(FOR M) FREE ZE/ DRIE D LIQUI D

DSE/PATHO LOGIC SIGN

BCG (BACILLU S CALMETT E GUERINE ) -Live attenuat ed bacterial vaccine OPV (ORAL POLIO VACCINE )

.05 cc

At ID birth or 1 mon th after birth

Deltoid 1 -Right deltoid region of the arm

20 or 50

60%

Ampule

4 hours (68hours )

Either 2-8 C

Brown

Freez e dried

-TB (low grade afternoon fever with And to high sweet) be recon -Leprosy stitute (Lack of d with sensation) specia l diluen t Liquid Poliomyeliti s (Paralysis)

2-3 gtts

Afte r OPV 16wk

Oral

Mouth

20

40%

Vials

(68hours )

Freez er -15-25 C

Pink

-Live attenuat ed virus

s OPV 2 10w ks OPV 3 14w ks

DPT .5cc (DIPTHER IA PERTUSS IS TETANUS ) D-Toxoid which is a weakene d toxin P-killed bacteria

Afte r DPT 16wk s DPT 2 10w ks DPT 3

IM

Vastus -Upper outer portion of the thigh

20

40%

Vials

(68hours )

Body 2-8 C

Red

Liquid

(DIPTHERIA -Pseudome mbranePER TUSSIS succesive cough with whoop TETANUSLock jaw)

T- Toxoid which is a weakene d toxin

14w ks

AHB (ANTIHEPA-B) -Plasma Derived

.5cc

Afte r

IM

Vastus

OPV Upper 1outer 6wk s portio n of OPV the 2 thig 10w ks OPV 3 14w ks

1 or 10

40%

Vials

(68hours )

Body 2-8 C

Yellow

Liquid

Jaundice

AMV (ANTI

.5cc

6 or 9mo

IM

Deltoid 1

10

50%

Vials

(68hours

Freez er

Brown

Freez e

Kopliks spots

MEASLE VACCINE ) -Live attenuat ed virus

s.

Upper outer portion of the arm

-15-25 C

dried And to be recon stitute d with specia l diluen t

General Principles in Infants/Children Immunization Because measles kills, every infant needs to be vaccinated against measles at the age of 9 months or as soon as possible after 9 months as part of the routine infant vaccination schedule. It is safe to vaccinate a sick child who is suffering from a minor illness (cough, cold, diarrhea, fever or malnutrition) or who has already been vaccinated against measles[11]. If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, it is not necessary to restart. Instead, the schedule should be resumed using minimal intervals between doses to catch up as quickly as possible.[12]. Vaccine combinations (few exceptions), antibiotics, low-dose steroids (less than 20 mg per day), minor infections with low fever (below 38.5 Celsius), diarrhea, malnutrition, kidney or liver disease, heart or lung disease, non-progressive encephalopathy, well controlled epilepsy or advanced age, are not contraindications to vaccination. Contrary to what the majority of doctors may think, vaccines against hepatitis B and tetanus can be applied in any period of the pregnancy[13] There are very few true contraindication and precaution conditions. Only two of these conditions are generally considered to be permanent: severe (anaphylactic) allergic reaction to a vaccine component or following a prior dose of a vaccine, and encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause occurring within 7 days of pertussis vaccination[14].O nly the diluent supplied by the manufacturer should be used to reconstitute a freeze-dried vaccine. A sterile needle and sterile syringe must be used for each vial for adding the diluents to the powder in a single vial or ampoule of freeze-dried vaccine[15]. The only way to be completely safe from exposure to blood- borne diseases from injections, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is to use one sterile needle, one sterile syringe for each child

TETANUS TOXOID IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR WOMEN

Tetanus toxoid vaccination for women is important to prevent tetanus to mother and the baby. When 2 doses of TT injection given at one month interval between each dose during pregnancy or even before pregnancy period the baby is protected against neonatal tetanus. Completing the five doses following the schedule provide lifetime immunity.

VACCINE

MINIMUM AGE/INTERVAL

PERCENT PROTECTED

DURATION OF PROTECTION

TT1

As early as possible during pregnancy

TT2

At least 4 weeks later

80%

Infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus Gives 3 years protection for the mother

TT3

At least 6 months later

95%

Infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus Gives 5 years protection for the mother

TT4

At least 1 year later

99%

Infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus Gives 10 years protection for the mother

TT5

At least 1 year later

99%

Gives all time protection